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Article ; Online: Mammalian NREM and REM sleep: Why, when and how.

Rial, Rubén V / Akaârir, Mourad / Canellas, Francesca / Barceló, Pere / Rubiño, José A / Martín-Reina, Aida / Gamundí, Antoni / Nicolau, M Cristina

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

2023 Volume 146, Page(s) 105041

Abstract: This report proposes that fish use the spinal-rhombencephalic regions of their brain to support their activities while awake. Instead, the brainstem-diencephalic regions support the wakefulness in amphibians and reptiles. Lastly, mammals developed the ... ...

Abstract	This report proposes that fish use the spinal-rhombencephalic regions of their brain to support their activities while awake. Instead, the brainstem-diencephalic regions support the wakefulness in amphibians and reptiles. Lastly, mammals developed the telencephalic cortex to attain the highest degree of wakefulness, the cortical wakefulness. However, a paralyzed form of spinal-rhombencephalic wakefulness remains in mammals in the form of REMS, whose phasic signs are highly efficient in promoting maternal care to mammalian litter. Therefore, the phasic REMS is highly adaptive. However, their importance is low for singletons, in which it is a neutral trait, devoid of adaptive value for adults, and is mal-adaptive for marine mammals. Therefore, they lost it. The spinal-rhombencephalic and cortical wakeful states disregard the homeostasis: animals only attend their most immediate needs: foraging defense and reproduction. However, these activities generate allostatic loads that must be recovered during NREMS, that is a paralyzed form of the amphibian-reptilian subcortical wakefulness. Regarding the regulation of tonic REMS, it depends on a hypothalamic switch. Instead, the phasic REMS depends on an independent proportional pontine control.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Sleep, REM/physiology ; Sleep/physiology ; Wakefulness/physiology ; Brain Stem ; Mammals ; Electroencephalography
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	282464-4
ISSN	1873-7528 ; 0149-7634
ISSN (online)	1873-7528
ISSN	0149-7634
DOI	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105041
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Article ; Online: Similarity network fusion to identify phenotypes of small-for-gestational-age fetuses.

Miranda, Jezid / Paules, Cristina / Noell, Guillaume / Youssef, Lina / Paternina-Caicedo, Angel / Crovetto, Francesca / Cañellas, Nicolau / Garcia-Martín, María L / Amigó, Nuria / Eixarch, Elisenda / Faner, Rosa / Figueras, Francesc / Simões, Rui V / Crispi, Fàtima / Gratacós, Eduard

iScience

2023 Volume 26, Issue 9, Page(s) 107620

Abstract: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects 5-10% of pregnancies, is the largest contributor to fetal death, and can have long-term consequences for the child. Implementation of a standard clinical classification system is hampered by the multiphenotypic ... ...

Abstract	Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects 5-10% of pregnancies, is the largest contributor to fetal death, and can have long-term consequences for the child. Implementation of a standard clinical classification system is hampered by the multiphenotypic spectrum of small fetuses with substantial differences in perinatal risks. Machine learning and multiomics data can potentially revolutionize clinical decision-making in FGR by identifying new phenotypes. Herein, we describe a cluster analysis of FGR based on an unbiased machine-learning method. Our results
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2023.107620
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Article: Relaciones entre el sueño y la adicción.

Cañellas, Francesca / de Lecea, Luis

Adicciones

2012 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 287–290

Abstract: While it is well known that there is an interaction between sleep disorders and substance abuse, it is certainly more complex than was previously thought. There is a positive relationship both between having a substance use disorder and suffering from a ... ...

Title translation	Relationships between sleep and addiction.
Abstract	While it is well known that there is an interaction between sleep disorders and substance abuse, it is certainly more complex than was previously thought. There is a positive relationship both between having a substance use disorder and suffering from a sleep disorder, and vice versa. The effects on sleep depend on the substance used, but it has been shown that both during use and in withdrawal periods consumers have various sleep problems, and basically more fragmented sleep. We know that sleep problems must be taken into account to prevent addiction relapses. Recent research shows that the hypocretinergic system defined by neuropeptide hypocretin / orexin (Hcrt / ox), located in the lateral hypothalamus and involved in, among other things, the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, may play an important role in addictive behaviors. Different studies have demonstrated interactions between the hypocretinergic system, acute response to stress circuits and reward systems. We also know that selective optogenetic activation of the hypocretinergic system increases the probability of transition from sleep to wakefulness, and is sufficient for initiating an addictive compulsive behavior relapse. Hypocretinergic system activation could explain the hyperarousal associated with stress and addiction. Improved knowledge of this interaction would help us to understand better the mechanisms of addiction and find new strategies for the treatment of addictions.
MeSH term(s)	Behavior, Addictive/complications ; Humans ; Sleep/physiology ; Sleep Wake Disorders/complications
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2012-12-14
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Editorial ; English Abstract
ZDB-ID	2018873-0
ISSN	0214-4840
ISSN	0214-4840
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Article: The Birth of the Mammalian Sleep.

Rial, Rubén V / Canellas, Francesca / Akaârir, Mourad / Rubiño, José A / Barceló, Pere / Martín, Aida / Gamundí, Antoni / Nicolau, M Cristina

Biology

2022 Volume 11, Issue 5

Abstract: Mammals evolved from small-sized reptiles that developed endothermic metabolism. This allowed filling the nocturnal niche. They traded-off visual acuity for sensitivity but became defenseless against the dangerous daylight. To avoid such danger, they ... ...

Abstract	Mammals evolved from small-sized reptiles that developed endothermic metabolism. This allowed filling the nocturnal niche. They traded-off visual acuity for sensitivity but became defenseless against the dangerous daylight. To avoid such danger, they rested with closed eyes in lightproof burrows during light-time. This was the birth of the mammalian sleep, the main finding of this report. Improved audition and olfaction counterweighed the visual impairments and facilitated the cortical development. This process is called "The Nocturnal Evolutionary Bottleneck". Pre-mammals were nocturnal until the Cretacic-Paleogene extinction of dinosaurs. Some early mammals returned to diurnal activity, and this allowed the high variability in sleeping patterns observed today. The traits of Waking Idleness are almost identical to those of behavioral sleep, including homeostatic regulation. This is another important finding of this report. In summary, behavioral sleep seems to be an upgrade of Waking Idleness Indeed, the trait that never fails to show is quiescence. We conclude that the main function of sleep consists in guaranteeing it during a part of the daily cycle.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2661517-4
ISSN	2079-7737
ISSN	2079-7737
DOI	10.3390/biology11050734
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Article: Bright Light Therapy and Circadian Cycles in Institutionalized Elders.

Rubiño, José A / Gamundí, Antoni / Akaarir, Mourad / Canellas, Francesca / Rial, Rubén / Nicolau, M Cristina

Frontiers in neuroscience

2020 Volume 14, Page(s) 359

Abstract: Background: Bright light therapy has been found to be an efficient method to improve the main parameters of circadian rhythms. However, institutionalized elders may suffer reduced exposure to diurnal light, which may impair their circadian rhythms, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Bright light therapy has been found to be an efficient method to improve the main parameters of circadian rhythms. However, institutionalized elders may suffer reduced exposure to diurnal light, which may impair their circadian rhythms, cognitive performance, and general health status. Objectives: To analyze the effects of 5 days of morning exposure for 90 min to bright light therapy (BLT) applied to institutionalized elderly subjects with mild/moderate cognitive impairment. Subjects: Thirty-seven institutionalized subjects of both sexes, aged 70-93 years. Methods: The study lasted three consecutive weeks. During the second week the subjects were submitted to BLT (7000-10,000 lux at eye level) on a daily basis. Cognition, attention, and sleep quality were evaluated at the beginning of the first and third week. Circadian variables were recorded continuously throughout the 3 weeks. Non-invasive holders and validated tests were used to analyze the variables studied. Results: After BLT we have found significant improvements in general cognitive capabilities, sleep quality and in the main parameters of the subject's circadian rhythms. The results show that merely 90 min of BLT for five days seems to achieve a significant improvement in a constellation of circadian, sleep, health, and cognitive factors. Conclusion: Bright light therapy is an affordable, effective, fast-acting therapy for age-related disturbances, with many advantages over pharmacological alternatives. We hypothesize these effects were the result of activating the residual activity of their presumably weakened circadian system.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2411902-7
ISSN	1662-453X ; 1662-4548
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
ISSN	1662-4548
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2020.00359
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Article ; Online: Paired maternal and fetal metabolomics reveal a differential fingerprint in preeclampsia versus fetal growth restriction.

Youssef, Lina / Simões, Rui V / Miranda, Jezid / García-Martín, María Luisa / Paules, Cristina / Crovetto, Francesca / Amigó, Nuria / Cañellas, Nicolau / Gratacos, Eduard / Crispi, Fatima

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 14422

Abstract: Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are both placenta-mediated disorders with unclear pathogenesis. Metabolomics of maternal and fetal pairs might help in understanding these disorders. We recruited prospectively pregnancies with ... ...

Abstract	Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are both placenta-mediated disorders with unclear pathogenesis. Metabolomics of maternal and fetal pairs might help in understanding these disorders. We recruited prospectively pregnancies with normotensive FGR, PE without FGR, PE + FGR and uncomplicated pregnancies as controls. Nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics were applied on plasma samples collected at delivery. Advanced lipoprotein, glycoprotein and choline profiling was performed using the Liposcale test. The software package Dolphin was used to quantify 24 low-molecular-weight metabolites. Statistical analysis comprised the comparison between each group of complicated pregnancies versus controls, considering 5% false discovery rate correction. Lipid profiles were altered in accordance with the clinical presentation of these disorders. Specifically, PE mothers and FGR fetuses (with or without FGR or PE, respectively) exhibited a pro-atherogenic and pro-inflammatory profile, with higher concentrations of triglycerides, remnant cholesterol (VLDL, IDL) and Glc/GalNAc-linked and lipid-associated glycoproteins compared to controls. Low-molecular-weight metabolites were extensively disturbed in preeclamptic mothers, with or without FGR. Growth restricted fetuses in the presence of PE showed changes in low-molecular-weight metabolites similar to their mothers (increased creatine and creatinine), while normotensive FGR fetuses presented scarce differences, consistent with undernutrition (lower isoleucine). Further research is warranted to clarify maternal and fetal adaptations to PE and FGR.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Fetus ; Humans ; Metabolomics ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-93936-9
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Article ; Online: The Birth of the Mammalian Sleep

Rubén V. Rial / Francesca Canellas / Mourad Akaârir / José A. Rubiño / Pere Barceló / Aida Martín / Antoni Gamundí / M. Cristina Nicolau

Biology, Vol 11, Iss 734, p

2022 Volume 734

Abstract	Mammals evolved from small-sized reptiles that developed endothermic metabolism. This allowed filling the nocturnal niche. They traded-off visual acuity for sensitivity but became defenseless against the dangerous daylight. To avoid such danger, they rested with closed eyes in lightproof burrows during light-time. This was the birth of the mammalian sleep, the main finding of this report. Improved audition and olfaction counterweighed the visual impairments and facilitated the cortical development. This process is called “The Nocturnal Evolutionary Bottleneck”. Pre-mammals were nocturnal until the Cretacic-Paleogene extinction of dinosaurs. Some early mammals returned to diurnal activity, and this allowed the high variability in sleeping patterns observed today. The traits of Waking Idleness are almost identical to those of behavioral sleep, including homeostatic regulation. This is another important finding of this report. In summary, behavioral sleep seems to be an upgrade of Waking Idleness Indeed, the trait that never fails to show is quiescence. We conclude that the main function of sleep consists in guaranteeing it during a part of the daily cycle.
Keywords	evolutionary bottleneck ; evolution of sleep ; sleep variability ; wakeful idling ; function of sleep ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Efecto positivo de la terapia de luz brillante sobre el estado de ánimo y la calidad del sueño en las personas mayores institucionalizadas.

Rubiño-Díaz, José Ángel / Nicolau-Llobera, Cristina / Martin-Reina, Aida / Rial-Planas, Rubén / Canellas, Francesca

Revista espanola de geriatria y gerontologia

2021 Volume 56, Issue 6, Page(s) 354–360

Abstract: Introduction: Bright light exposure during the day has a positive effect on health and its deficit can cause multiple physiological and cognitive disorders, including depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bright light therapy ( ... ...

Title translation	Positive effect of bright light therapy on mood and sleep quality in institutionalized older people.
Abstract	Introduction: Bright light exposure during the day has a positive effect on health and its deficit can cause multiple physiological and cognitive disorders, including depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bright light therapy (BLT) on the quality of sleep and mood emotional state; cognitive status, global deterioration and quality of life in institutionalized elderly. Material and methods: This is a study with repeated measures design. Thirty-seven older people admitted to a nursing home. The study lasted 3 weeks. The first week, the reference values were established with the Oviedo Sleep Questionnaire, Yesavage Depression Scale, Mini-Mental, Global Scale of Impairment and European Quality of Life Questionnaire. During the second week, they were exposed to BLT (7,000-10,000lx at eye level) between 9:30 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. During the third week, all the data were re-evaluated. Results: All variables improved significantly after the application of light therapy. Sleep (COS) pre-test 4.1±1.49, post-test 4.9±1.46, p: 0.01), mood (pre-test 3.65±2.78, post-test 2.65±2.9, p: 0.01), cognitive state (pre-test 22.72±6.53, post-test 24±5.92, p: 0.001), state of global deterioration (pre-test 3.10±1.26, post-test 2.72±5.92, p: 0.001) and health-related quality of life (pre-test 6.93±1.86, post-test 7.82±1.62, p: 0.001). Conclusions: Sleep quality, mood, cognitive status, global deterioration status and quality of life significantly improved after the application of light bright therapy.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cognition ; Humans ; Nursing Homes ; Phototherapy ; Quality of Life ; Sleep
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2021-07-27
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605609-x
ISSN	1578-1747 ; 0211-139X
ISSN (online)	1578-1747
ISSN	0211-139X
DOI	10.1016/j.regg.2021.05.010
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Article ; Online: Paired maternal and fetal metabolomics reveal a differential fingerprint in preeclampsia versus fetal growth restriction

Lina Youssef / Rui V. Simões / Jezid Miranda / María Luisa García-Martín / Cristina Paules / Francesca Crovetto / Nuria Amigó / Nicolau Cañellas / Eduard Gratacos / Fatima Crispi

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are both placenta-mediated disorders with unclear pathogenesis. Metabolomics of maternal and fetal pairs might help in understanding these disorders. We recruited prospectively pregnancies ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are both placenta-mediated disorders with unclear pathogenesis. Metabolomics of maternal and fetal pairs might help in understanding these disorders. We recruited prospectively pregnancies with normotensive FGR, PE without FGR, PE + FGR and uncomplicated pregnancies as controls. Nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics were applied on plasma samples collected at delivery. Advanced lipoprotein, glycoprotein and choline profiling was performed using the Liposcale test. The software package Dolphin was used to quantify 24 low-molecular-weight metabolites. Statistical analysis comprised the comparison between each group of complicated pregnancies versus controls, considering 5% false discovery rate correction. Lipid profiles were altered in accordance with the clinical presentation of these disorders. Specifically, PE mothers and FGR fetuses (with or without FGR or PE, respectively) exhibited a pro-atherogenic and pro-inflammatory profile, with higher concentrations of triglycerides, remnant cholesterol (VLDL, IDL) and Glc/GalNAc-linked and lipid-associated glycoproteins compared to controls. Low-molecular-weight metabolites were extensively disturbed in preeclamptic mothers, with or without FGR. Growth restricted fetuses in the presence of PE showed changes in low-molecular-weight metabolites similar to their mothers (increased creatine and creatinine), while normotensive FGR fetuses presented scarce differences, consistent with undernutrition (lower isoleucine). Further research is warranted to clarify maternal and fetal adaptations to PE and FGR.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Familial Psychosis Associated With a Missense Mutation at

Pol-Fuster, Josep / Cañellas, Francesca / Ruiz-Guerra, Laura / Medina-Dols, Aina / Bisbal-Carrió, Bàrbara / Asensio, Víctor / Ortega-Vila, Bernat / Marzese, Diego / Vidal, Carme / Santos, Carmen / Lladó, Jerònia / Olmos, Gabriel / Heine-Suñer, Damià / Strauch, Konstantin / Flaquer, Antònia / Vives-Bauzà, Cristòfol

Frontiers in genetics

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 622886

Abstract: Psychosis is a highly heritable and heterogeneous psychiatric condition. Its genetic architecture is thought to be the result of the joint effect of common and rare variants. Families with high prevalence are an interesting approach to shed light on the ... ...

Abstract	Psychosis is a highly heritable and heterogeneous psychiatric condition. Its genetic architecture is thought to be the result of the joint effect of common and rare variants. Families with high prevalence are an interesting approach to shed light on the rare variant's contribution without the need of collecting large cohorts. To unravel the genomic architecture of a family enriched for psychosis, with four affected individuals, we applied a system genomic approach based on karyotyping, genotyping by whole-exome sequencing to search for rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and SNP array to search for copy-number variants (CNVs). We identified a rare non-synonymous variant, g.39914279 C > G, in the
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606823-0
ISSN	1664-8021
ISSN	1664-8021
DOI	10.3389/fgene.2021.622886
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