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Article: Validation of the European Association for the Study of the Liver algorithm for the noninvasive diagnosis of advanced fibrosis in metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease.

Kalligeros, Markos / Tsochatzis, Emmanuel A

2024 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 311–313

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-25
Publishing country	China (Republic : 1949- )
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2812398-0
ISSN	2304-389X ; 2304-3881
ISSN (online)	2304-389X
ISSN	2304-3881
DOI	10.21037/hbsn-23-654
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Reply.

Kalligeros, Markos / Mylonakis, Eleftherios / Noureddin, Mazen

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2119789-1
ISSN	1542-7714 ; 1542-3565
ISSN (online)	1542-7714
ISSN	1542-3565
DOI	10.1016/j.cgh.2024.01.036
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Article: Incidence and potential risk factors for remdesivir-associated bradycardia in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study.

Alsowaida, Yazed Saleh / Shehadeh, Fadi / Kalligeros, Markos / Mylonakis, Eleftherios

Frontiers in pharmacology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1106044

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587355-6
ISSN	1663-9812
ISSN	1663-9812
DOI	10.3389/fphar.2023.1106044
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Article ; Online: Outcomes of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide study.

Kalligeros, Markos / Kröner, Paul T / Farraye, Francis A / Desalermos, Athanasios

International journal of colorectal disease

2023 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) 23

Abstract: Purpose: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has become a commonly utilized procedure for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. There is a paucity of data for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who undergo ERCP. The aim ...

Abstract	Purpose: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has become a commonly utilized procedure for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. There is a paucity of data for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who undergo ERCP. The aim of this study is to examine the indications, complications, and inpatient outcomes of patients with IBD undergoing ERCP. Methods: For this retrospective cohort study, we utilized the National Inpatient Sample database for the years 2018-2019. We compared potential indications, outcomes, ERCP-related procedures, and resource utilization in patients who underwent ERCP and had a diagnosis of IBD to that of patients who underwent ERCP without a diagnosis of IBD. We utilized a multivariate regression model that accounted for several potential confounders. Results: We identified 318,590 ERCP procedures. Among them, 3625 ERCP procedures were performed in patients with an associated diagnosis of IBD. Patients with IBD who underwent ERCP had higher odds of acute kidney injury (aOR 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01-1.60) and sepsis (aOR 1.33; 95% CI: 1.07-1.67) compared to patients without IBD. However, inpatient mortality and other complications were not statistically different between the two groups. Patients with IBD were also less likely to undergo biliary sphincterotomy (aOR 0.75; 95% CI: 0.62-0.88) but there were no other differences in performance of ERCP-related therapeutic interventions between the two groups. Adjusted costs and charges were not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion: Our study shows that ERCP is, overall, a safe procedure in patients with IBD, as inpatient morbidity and mortality are similar to patients without IBD.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde/adverse effects ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications ; Inpatients
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-24
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	84975-3
ISSN	1432-1262 ; 0179-1958
ISSN (online)	1432-1262
ISSN	0179-1958
DOI	10.1007/s00384-023-04308-w
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Article: Incidence of serious infections in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis receiving immunosuppressive therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Vassilopoulos, Athanasios / Vassilopoulos, Stephanos / Kalligeros, Markos / Shehadeh, Fadi / Mylonakis, Eleftherios

Frontiers in medicine

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1110548

Abstract: Introduction: Rituximab and azathioprine are used to induce or maintain remission in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). We evaluated the incidence of serious infections and infection-related deaths in patients with AAV treated with ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Rituximab and azathioprine are used to induce or maintain remission in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). We evaluated the incidence of serious infections and infection-related deaths in patients with AAV treated with rituximab and azathioprine, during the maintenance of remission period. Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies evaluating immunosuppressive agents in patients with AAV. We defined serious or severe infections according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. The study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022366269). Results: From 1,265 abstracts, we identified 21 studies (7 RCTs and 14 observational), with relevant data. We included data from 1,284 and 2,938 individuals for assessment in our primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. The overall cumulative incidence of serious infections was 15.99% (CI 95%: 6.95-27.53%) during the total follow-up period (induction and maintenance) and 7.62% (CI 95%: 4.43-11.43%) during the maintenance period. Additionally, we found a 0.49% overall case fatality rate (CI 95%: 0.02-1.37%) and a 0.09% infection-related mortality rate (CI 95%: 0.00-0.51%) during maintenance treatment. Notably, we found a 14.61% (CI 95%: 10.19-19.61%) cumulative incidence of serious infections among patients who received rituximab and a 5.93% (CI 95%: 1.19-13.26%) cumulative incidence of serious infections among patients who received azathioprine during maintenance. Moreover, the cumulative incidence of serious infections during the total follow-up period (induction and maintenance) was 20.81% (CI 95%:4.56-43.70%) for the combination of cyclophosphamide and azathioprine and 14.12% (CI 95%: 5.20-26.00%) for rituximab. Discussion: The cumulative incidence of serious infections during total follow-up and maintenance was within expected limits, while fatal infections during maintenance treatment were uncommon. Additionally, treatment with rituximab for both induction and maintenance did not exceed the anticipated by previous studies incidence of serious infections. Clinical practice and long-term follow up data are needed to corroborate these findings. Systematic review registration: Identifier: PROSPERO (CRD42022366269).
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2023.1110548
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Article ; Online: Prevalence of Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD, MetALD, and ALD) in the United States: NHANES 2017-2020.

Kalligeros, Markos / Vassilopoulos, Athanasios / Vassilopoulos, Stephanos / Victor, David W / Mylonakis, Eleftherios / Noureddin, Mazen

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association

2023

Abstract: Following the Delphi consensus process, the term steatotic liver disease (SLD) was introduced to replace fatty liver disease, while the term metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) emerged as the successor to the term ... ...

Abstract	Following the Delphi consensus process, the term steatotic liver disease (SLD) was introduced to replace fatty liver disease, while the term metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) emerged as the successor to the term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2119789-1
ISSN	1542-7714 ; 1542-3565
ISSN (online)	1542-7714
ISSN	1542-3565
DOI	10.1016/j.cgh.2023.11.003
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Article ; Online: Incidence of serious infections in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis receiving immunosuppressive therapy

Athanasios Vassilopoulos / Stephanos Vassilopoulos / Markos Kalligeros / Fadi Shehadeh / Eleftherios Mylonakis

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

A systematic review and meta-analysis

2023 Volume 10

Abstract: IntroductionRituximab and azathioprine are used to induce or maintain remission in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). We evaluated the incidence of serious infections and infection-related deaths in patients with AAV treated with rituximab ... ...

Abstract	IntroductionRituximab and azathioprine are used to induce or maintain remission in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). We evaluated the incidence of serious infections and infection-related deaths in patients with AAV treated with rituximab and azathioprine, during the maintenance of remission period.MethodsWe searched PubMed and EMBASE for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies evaluating immunosuppressive agents in patients with AAV. We defined serious or severe infections according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. The study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022366269).ResultsFrom 1,265 abstracts, we identified 21 studies (7 RCTs and 14 observational), with relevant data. We included data from 1,284 and 2,938 individuals for assessment in our primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. The overall cumulative incidence of serious infections was 15.99% (CI 95%: 6.95–27.53%) during the total follow-up period (induction and maintenance) and 7.62% (CI 95%: 4.43–11.43%) during the maintenance period. Additionally, we found a 0.49% overall case fatality rate (CI 95%: 0.02–1.37%) and a 0.09% infection-related mortality rate (CI 95%: 0.00–0.51%) during maintenance treatment. Notably, we found a 14.61% (CI 95%: 10.19–19.61%) cumulative incidence of serious infections among patients who received rituximab and a 5.93% (CI 95%: 1.19–13.26%) cumulative incidence of serious infections among patients who received azathioprine during maintenance. Moreover, the cumulative incidence of serious infections during the total follow-up period (induction and maintenance) was 20.81% (CI 95%:4.56–43.70%) for the combination of cyclophosphamide and azathioprine and 14.12% (CI 95%: 5.20–26.00%) for rituximab.DiscussionThe cumulative incidence of serious infections during total follow-up and maintenance was within expected limits, while fatal infections during maintenance treatment were uncommon. Additionally, treatment with rituximab for ...
Keywords	ANCA-associated vasculitis ; azathioprine ; cyclophosphamide ; maintenance ; methotrexate ; mycophenolate mofetil ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: In uncomplicated acute appendicitis, 61% of patients initially treated with antibiotics had not had appendectomy at 5 years.

Kalligeros, Markos / Mylonakis, Eleftherios

Annals of internal medicine

2019 Volume 170, Issue 2, Page(s) JC10

MeSH term(s)	Acute Disease ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Appendectomy ; Appendicitis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	336-0
ISSN	1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
ISSN (online)	1539-3704
ISSN	0003-4819
DOI	10.7326/ACPJC-2019-170-2-010
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Article: Biomarkers in Small Intestine NETs and Carcinoid Heart Disease: A Comprehensive Review.

Kalligeros, Markos / Diamantopoulos, Leonidas / Toumpanakis, Christos

Biology

2021 Volume 10, Issue 10

Abstract: Biomarkers remain a valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Traditional monoanalyte biomarkers such as Chromogranin A (CgA) and 5-Hydrocyondoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) have been widely used for many years as diagnostic, ...

Abstract	Biomarkers remain a valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Traditional monoanalyte biomarkers such as Chromogranin A (CgA) and 5-Hydrocyondoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) have been widely used for many years as diagnostic, predictive and prognostic biomarkers in the field of NETs. However, the clinical utility of these molecules often has limitations, mainly inherent to the heterogeneity of NETs and the fact that these tumors can often be non-secretory. The development of new molecular multianalyte biomarkers, especially the mRNA transcript based "NETest", has rapidly evolve the field and gives the ability for a "liquid biopsy" which can reliably assess disease status in real time. In this review we discuss the use of established and novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of small intestine NETs and carcinoid heart disease.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2661517-4
ISSN	2079-7737
ISSN	2079-7737
DOI	10.3390/biology10100950
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Article ; Online: Risk of Infection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated With Interleukin-Targeting Agents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ouranos, Konstantinos / Saleem, Hira / Vassilopoulos, Stephanos / Vassilopoulos, Athanasios / Mylona, Evangelia K / Shehadeh, Fadi / Kalligeros, Markos / Abraham, Bincy P / Mylonakis, Eleftherios

Inflammatory bowel diseases

2024

Abstract: Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of infection. The aim of this study was to assess the cumulative incidence and risk of infection in patients with IBD treated with interleukin (IL)-targeting agents.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of infection. The aim of this study was to assess the cumulative incidence and risk of infection in patients with IBD treated with interleukin (IL)-targeting agents. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials including patients with IBD receiving IL-targeting agents compared with patients receiving placebo or treatment that only differed from the intervention arm in the absence of an IL-targeting agent. The primary outcome of interest was the relative risk (RR) of any-grade and severe infection during the induction phase. Results: There was no difference in risk of any-grade (RR, 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89-1.09) or severe (RR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.38-1.10) infection in patients receiving any IL-targeting agent compared with the control group. During the maintenance period, the cumulative incidence of any-grade infection in patients receiving IL-12/23p40-targeting agents (mean follow-up 29 weeks) was 34.82% (95% CI, 26.78%-43.32%), while the cumulative incidence of severe infection was 3.07% (95% CI, 0.93%-6.21%). The cumulative incidence of any-grade infection in patients receiving IL-23p19-targeting agents (mean follow-up 40.9 weeks) was 32.16% (95% CI, 20.63%-44.88%), while the cumulative incidence of severe infection was 1.75% (95% CI, 0.60%-3.36%). During the maintenance phase of the included studies, the incidence of infection was 30.66% (95% CI, 22.12%-39.90%) for any-grade and 1.59% (95% CI, 0.76%-2.63%) for severe infection in patients in the control group. Conclusions: There was no difference in risk of infection between patients with IBD who received IL-targeting agents compared with the control group. Case registries and randomized controlled trials reporting the safety of IL inhibitors should provide detailed information about the risk of specific infectious complications in patients with IBD receiving IL-targeting agents.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1340971-2
ISSN	1536-4844 ; 1078-0998
ISSN (online)	1536-4844
ISSN	1078-0998
DOI	10.1093/ibd/izae031
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