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Article ; Online: Gender Identification in Burns: A Call for Inclusivity of Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients in Burn Care and Research.

Huang, Samantha / Dang, Justin / Yenikomshian, Haig A / Gillenwater, Justin

Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association

2021 Volume 42, Issue 6, Page(s) 1292

MeSH term(s)	Burns/psychology ; Female ; Gender Identity ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology ; Survivors/psychology ; Transgender Persons
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2224246-6
ISSN	1559-0488 ; 1559-047X
ISSN (online)	1559-0488
ISSN	1559-047X
DOI	10.1093/jbcr/irab157
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Article ; Online: Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 - Preliminary Report.

Gillenwater, Samantha / Rahaghi, Franck / Hadeh, Anas

The New England journal of medicine

2020 Volume 383, Issue 10, Page(s) 992

MeSH term(s)	Adenosine Monophosphate/analogs & derivatives ; Alanine/analogs & derivatives ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Chemical Substances	remdesivir (3QKI37EEHE) ; Adenosine Monophosphate (415SHH325A) ; Alanine (OF5P57N2ZX)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	207154-x
ISSN	1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
ISSN (online)	1533-4406
ISSN	0028-4793
DOI	10.1056/NEJMc2022236
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Article: Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 - Preliminary Report

Gillenwater, Samantha / Rahaghi, Franck / Hadeh, Anas

N Engl J Med

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #653967
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: A systematic review of machine learning and automation in burn wound evaluation: A promising but developing frontier.

Huang, Samantha / Dang, Justin / Sheckter, Clifford C / Yenikomshian, Haig A / Gillenwater, Justin

Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries

2021 Volume 47, Issue 8, Page(s) 1691–1704

Abstract: Background: Visual evaluation is the most common method of evaluating burn wounds. Its subjective nature can lead to inaccurate diagnoses and inappropriate burn center referrals. Machine learning may provide an objective solution. The objective of this ... ...

Abstract	Background: Visual evaluation is the most common method of evaluating burn wounds. Its subjective nature can lead to inaccurate diagnoses and inappropriate burn center referrals. Machine learning may provide an objective solution. The objective of this study is to summarize the literature on ML in burn wound evaluation. Methods: A systematic review of articles published between January 2000 and January 2021 was performed using PubMed and MEDLINE (OVID). Articles reporting on ML or automation to evaluate burn wounds were included. Keywords included burns, machine/deep learning, artificial intelligence, burn classification technology, and mobile applications. Data were extracted on study design, method of data acquisition, machine learning techniques, and machine learning accuracy. Results: Thirty articles were included. Nine studies used machine learning and automation to estimate percent total body surface area (%TBSA) burned, 4 calculated fluid estimations, 19 estimated burn depth, 5 estimated need for surgery, and 2 evaluated scarring. Models calculating %TBSA burned demonstrated accuracies comparable to or better than paper methods. Burn depth classification models achieved accuracies of >83%. Conclusion: Machine learning provides an objective adjunct that may improve diagnostic accuracy in evaluating burn wound severity. Existing models remain in the early stages with future studies needed to assess their clinical feasibility.
MeSH term(s)	Artificial Intelligence ; Automation ; Body Surface Area ; Burns ; Humans ; Machine Learning
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	197308-3
ISSN	1879-1409 ; 0305-4179
ISSN (online)	1879-1409
ISSN	0305-4179
DOI	10.1016/j.burns.2021.07.007
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Article ; Online: Nonpharmacologic Management of Procedural Pain in Pediatric Burn Patients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Gillum, Matthew / Huang, Samantha / Kuromaru, Yuki / Dang, Justin / Yenikomshian, Haig A / Gillenwater, T Justin

Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association

2021 Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 368–373

Abstract: Pain following burn injury is associated with long-term health consequences in the pediatric population. Literature suggests nonpharmacologic treatment may provide improved pain control as an effective adjunct for these patients. This study aims to ... ...

Abstract	Pain following burn injury is associated with long-term health consequences in the pediatric population. Literature suggests nonpharmacologic treatment may provide improved pain control as an effective adjunct for these patients. This study aims to summarize randomized controlled trials on nonpharmacologic procedural pain management in pediatric burn patients. A systematic review was conducted on nonpharmacologic procedural pain management techniques used in the pediatric burn population. Fifteen studies were included and involved virtual reality, distraction devices, child life therapy, directed play, digital tablet games, cartoons, hypnosis, and music therapy. Treatment was effective in 8 out of 15 studies. Compared to controls, nonpharmacologic treatments reduced mid procedure pain by 19.7% and post-procedure pain by 20.1%. This study demonstrates that nonpharmacologic therapy can be an effective adjunct in pediatric procedural burn pain management, however further studies are needed to develop standardized algorithms to integrate nonpharmacologic treatments with pharmacologic therapies.
MeSH term(s)	Burns/complications ; Burns/therapy ; Child ; Humans ; Pain/etiology ; Pain Management/methods ; Pain, Procedural/etiology ; Pain, Procedural/prevention & control ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2224246-6
ISSN	1559-0488 ; 1559-047X
ISSN (online)	1559-0488
ISSN	1559-047X
DOI	10.1093/jbcr/irab167
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Article ; Online: Use of Infrared Thermography for Assessment of Burn Depth and Healing Potential: A Systematic Review.

Dang, Justin / Lin, Matthew / Tan, Calvin / Pham, Christopher H / Huang, Samantha / Hulsebos, Ian F / Yenikomshian, Haig / Gillenwater, Justin

Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association

2021

Abstract: Introduction: Burn wound depth assessments are an important component of determining patient prognosis and making appropriate management decisions. Clinical appraisal of the burn wound by an experienced burn surgeon is standard of care but has ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Burn wound depth assessments are an important component of determining patient prognosis and making appropriate management decisions. Clinical appraisal of the burn wound by an experienced burn surgeon is standard of care but has limitations. IR thermography is a technology in burn care that can provide a non-invasive, quantitative method of evaluating burn wound depth. IR thermography utilizes a specialized camera that can capture the infrared emissivity of the skin, and the resulting images can be analyzed to determine burn depth and healing potential of a burn wound. Though IR thermography has great potential for burn wound assessment, its use for this has not been well documented. Thus, we have conducted a systematic review of the current use of IR thermography to assess burn depth and healing potential. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar between June 2020-December 2020 using the following keywords: FLIR, FLIR ONE, thermography, forward looking infrared, thermal imaging + burn, burn wound assessment, burn depth, burn wound depth, burn depth assessment, healing potential, burn healing potential. A meta-analysis was performed on the mean sensitivity and specificity of the ability of IR thermography for predicting healing potential. Inclusion criteria were articles investigating the use of IR thermography for burn wound assessments in adults and pediatric patients. Reviews and non-English articles were excluded. Results:* A total of 19 articles were included in the final review. Statistically significant correlations were found between IR thermography and laser doppler imaging (LDI) in 4/4 clinical studies. A case report of a single patient found that IR thermography was more accurate than LDI for assessing burn depth. Five articles investigated the ability of IR thermography to predict healing time, with four reporting statistically significant results. Temperature differences between burnt and unburnt skin were found in 2/2 articles. IR thermography was compared to clinical assessment in five articles, with varying results regarding accuracy of clinical assessment compared to thermography. Mean sensitivity and specificity of the ability of IR thermography to determine healing potential <15 days was 44.5 and 98.8 respectively. Mean sensitivity and specificity of the ability of FLIR to determine healing potential <21 days was 51.2 and 77.9 respectively. Conclusion: IR thermography is an accurate, simple, and cost-effective method of burn wound assessment. FLIR has been demonstrated to have significant correlations with other methods of assessing burns such as LDI and can be utilized to accurately assess burn depth and healing potential.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2224246-6
ISSN	1559-0488 ; 1559-047X
ISSN (online)	1559-0488
ISSN	1559-047X
DOI	10.1093/jbcr/irab108
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Article ; Online: DL4Burn: Burn Surgical Candidacy Prediction using Multimodal Deep Learning.

Rambhatla, Sirisha / Huang, Samantha / Trinh, Loc / Zhang, Mengfei / Long, Boyuan / Dong, Mingtao / Unadkat, Vyom / Yenikomshian, Haig A / Gillenwater, Justin / Liu, Yan

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium

2022 Volume 2021, Page(s) 1039–1048

Abstract: Burn wounds are most commonly evaluated through visual inspection to determine surgical candidacy, taking into account burn depth and individualized patient factors. This process, though cost effective, is subjective and varies by provider experience. ... ...

Abstract	Burn wounds are most commonly evaluated through visual inspection to determine surgical candidacy, taking into account burn depth and individualized patient factors. This process, though cost effective, is subjective and varies by provider experience. Deep learning models can assist in burn wound surgical candidacy with predictions based on the wound and patient characteristics. To this end, we present a multimodal deep learning approach and a complementary mobile application - DL4Burn - for predicting burn surgical candidacy, to emulate the multi-factored approach used by clinicians. Specifically, we propose a ResNet50-based multimodal model and validate it using retrospectively obtained patient burn images, demographic, and injury data.
MeSH term(s)	Burns/surgery ; Deep Learning ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1942-597X
ISSN (online)	1942-597X
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Chest Radiograph Severity and Its Association With Outcomes in Subjects With COVID-19 Presenting to the Emergency Department.

Kotok, Daniel / Robles, Jose Rivera / E Girard, Christine / K Shettigar, Shrutti / P Lavina, Allen / R Gillenwater, Samantha / I Kim, Andrew / Hadeh, Anas

Respiratory care

2022 Volume 67, Issue 7, Page(s) 871–878

Abstract: Background: Severity of radiographic abnormalities on chest radiograph in subjects with COVID-19 has been shown to be associated with worse outcomes, but studies are limited by different scoring systems, sample size, subject age, and study duration. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Severity of radiographic abnormalities on chest radiograph in subjects with COVID-19 has been shown to be associated with worse outcomes, but studies are limited by different scoring systems, sample size, subject age, and study duration. Data regarding the longitudinal evolution of radiographic abnormalities and its association with outcomes are scarce. We sought to evaluate these questions using a well-validated scoring system (the Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema [RALE] score) using data over 6 months from a large, multihospital health care system. Methods: We collected clinical and demographic data and quantified radiographic edema on chest radiograph obtained in the emergency department (ED) as well as on days 1-2 and 3-5 (in those admitted) in subjects with a nasopharyngeal swab positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) visiting the ED for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID)-19-related complaints between March-September 2020. We examined the association of baseline and longitudinal evolution of radiographic edema with severity of hypoxemia and clinical outcomes. Results: Eight hundred and seventy subjects were included (median age 53.6; 50.8% female). Inter-rate agreement for RALE scores was excellent (interclass correlation coefficient 0.84 [95% CI 0.82-0.87], Conclusions: The RALE score was reproducible and easily implementable in adult subjects presenting to the ED with COVID-19. Its association with physiologic parameters and outcomes at baseline and longitudinally makes it a readily available tool for prognostication and early ICU triage, particularly in patients with worsening radiographic edema.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19 ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Edema ; Respiratory Sounds ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severity of Illness Index
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603252-7
ISSN	1943-3654 ; 0098-9142 ; 0020-1324
ISSN (online)	1943-3654
ISSN	0098-9142 ; 0020-1324
DOI	10.4187/respcare.09761
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Article ; Online: Mucormycosis following burn injuries: A systematic review.

Dang, Justin / Goel, Pedram / Choi, Katherine J / Massenzio, Erik / Landau, Mark J / Pham, Christopher H / Huang, Samantha / Yenikomshian, Haig A / Spellberg, Brad / Gillenwater, T Justin

Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries

2022

Abstract: Introduction: Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality rate. Though typically associated with diabetes and other conditions that affect innate immune function, infections can also be precipitated by conditions such as ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality rate. Though typically associated with diabetes and other conditions that affect innate immune function, infections can also be precipitated by conditions such as trauma and burns. Burn patients are particularly susceptible to fungal infections due to the immune dysfunction that often accompany their wounds. Indeed case series have described mucormycosis to occur in patients with burn injuries, however the factors contributing to mortality have not been well described. Thus, the purpose of our review was to identify factors contributing to morbidity and mortality in burn patients with Mucormycosis. Methods: A systematic review of the literature of mucormycosis infection in burn injury patients was performed on Pubmed and Google Scholar using the keywords: Mucor, Mucorales, Mucormycosis, Mucormycotina, Zygomycosis and burn or thermal injury. Clinical trials, observational studies, case reports, and case reviews were included if they provided information regarding mortality in adult and pediatric burn patients diagnosed with mucormycosis, review articles, non-English articles, and articles without patient information were excluded. No time limit was placed on our review. Individual patient data was stratified based on mortality. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between patient risk factors and mortality, and the Oxford Level of Evidence was used to evaluate study quality. Results: 46 articles were included in our final review, encompassing 114 patients. On average, survivors had a total body surface area (TBSA)% of 46 (SD 19.8) while non-survivors had a TBSA of 65% (SD 16.4), and this difference was significant (p < .001). Patients with disseminated mucormycosis experienced an 80% mortality rate compared to 36% mortality rate in patients with localized disease (p < .001). We found no statistically significant difference in mean age (p > .05), diabetes (p > .05), mean delay in diagnosis (p > .05), time to antifungal therapy (p > .05), or type of therapy used (p > .05) between survivors and non-survivors. Our review was limited by the lack of prospective, controlled trials; thus, our review primarily consists of case reports. Conclusion: Disseminated infections and higher TBSA both increased the risk of mortality in burn patients with mucormycosis, while diabetes did not increase mortality risk. The severity of the initial injury and infection locations must be taken into consideration to inform patient prognosis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	197308-3
ISSN	1879-1409 ; 0305-4179
ISSN (online)	1879-1409
ISSN	0305-4179
DOI	10.1016/j.burns.2022.05.012
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Article ; Online: Urgent Creation of a Palliative Care Team in a Small Hospital During the COVID Crisis.

Martinez, Nydia / Tanev, Hilah / Gurevich, Samuel / Davis, Candilla / Cazeau, Mirlande / Mehta, Jinesh / Gillenwater, Samantha / Daya, Andrew / Rahaghi, Franck

The American journal of hospice & palliative care

2020 Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 300–304

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic created a global health emergency that has changed the practice of medicine and has shown the need for palliative care as an essential element of hospital care. In our small South Florida hospital, a palliative care service was ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic created a global health emergency that has changed the practice of medicine and has shown the need for palliative care as an essential element of hospital care. In our small South Florida hospital, a palliative care service was created to support the frontline caregivers. Thanks to the hospital support, our team was formed rapidly. It consisted of 3 advanced care practitioners, a pulmonary physician with palliative care experience and the cooperation of community resources such as hospice and religious support. We were able to support patients and their families facilitating communication as visitation was not allowed. We also addressed goals of care, providing comfort care transition when appropriate, and facilitating allocation of scarce resources to patients who were most likely to benefit from them. With this article we describe a simplified framework to replicate the creation of a Palliative Care Team for other hospitals that are experiencing this need.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Communication ; Family/psychology ; Health Care Rationing/organization & administration ; Hospital Administration ; Humans ; Palliative Care/organization & administration ; Pandemics ; Patient Care Planning/organization & administration ; Patient Care Team/organization & administration ; Patient Comfort/organization & administration ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1074344-3
ISSN	1938-2715 ; 1049-9091
ISSN (online)	1938-2715
ISSN	1049-9091
DOI	10.1177/1049909120975191
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