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  1. Article ; Online: Toward noninvasive quantification of adipose tissue oxygenation with MRI.

    Morozov, Darya / Quirk, James D / Beeman, Scott C

    International journal of obesity (2005)

    2020  Volume 44, Issue 8, Page(s) 1776–1783

    Abstract: Background: Molecular oxygen (O: Methods: R: Results: The relaxivity of O: Conclusion: This study lays the foundation for a direct, noninvasive measure of adipose ... ...

    Abstract Background: Molecular oxygen (O
    Methods: R
    Results: The relaxivity of O
    Conclusion: This study lays the foundation for a direct, noninvasive measure of adipose pO
    MeSH term(s) Adipose Tissue/diagnostic imaging ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Fiber Optic Technology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 752409-2
    ISSN 1476-5497 ; 0307-0565
    ISSN (online) 1476-5497
    ISSN 0307-0565
    DOI 10.1038/s41366-020-0567-x
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  2. Article ; Online: Using whole-brain diffusion tensor analysis to evaluate white matter structural correlates of delayed visuospatial memory and one-week motor skill retention in nondemented older adults: A preliminary study.

    Lingo VanGilder, Jennapher / Bergamino, Maurizio / Hooyman, Andrew / Fitzhugh, Megan C / Rogalsky, Corianne / Stewart, Jill C / Beeman, Scott C / Schaefer, Sydney Y

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 9, Page(s) e0274955

    Abstract: Skill retention is important for motor rehabilitation outcomes. Recent work has demonstrated that delayed visuospatial memory performance may predict motor skill retention in older and neuropathological populations. White matter integrity between ... ...

    Abstract Skill retention is important for motor rehabilitation outcomes. Recent work has demonstrated that delayed visuospatial memory performance may predict motor skill retention in older and neuropathological populations. White matter integrity between parietal and frontal cortices may explain variance in upper-extremity motor learning tasks and visuospatial processes. We performed a whole-brain analysis to determine the white matter correlates of delayed visuospatial memory and one-week motor skill retention in nondemented older adults. We hypothesized that better frontoparietal tract integrity would be positively related to better behavioral performance. Nineteen participants (age>58) completed diffusion-weighted imaging, then a clinical test of delayed visuospatial memory and 50 training trials of an upper-extremity motor task; participants were retested on the motor task one week later. Principal component analysis was used to create a composite score for each participant's behavioral data, i.e. shared variance between delayed visuospatial memory and motor skill retention, which was then entered into a voxel-based regression analysis. Behavioral results demonstrated that participants learned and retained their skill level after a week of no practice, and their delayed visuospatial memory score was positively related to the extent of skill retention. Consistent with previous work, neuroimaging results indicated that regions within bilateral anterior thalamic radiations, corticospinal tracts, and superior longitudinal fasciculi were related to better delayed visuospatial memory and skill retention. Results of this study suggest that the simple act of testing for specific cognitive impairments prior to therapy may identify older adults who will receive little to no benefit from the motor rehabilitation regimen, and that these neural regions may be potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Brain ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods ; Humans ; Learning ; Middle Aged ; Motor Skills ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging ; White Matter/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0274955
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  3. Article ; Online: Non-invasive methods for the assessment of brown adipose tissue in humans.

    Chondronikola, Maria / Beeman, Scott C / Wahl, Richard L

    The Journal of physiology

    2018  Volume 596, Issue 3, Page(s) 363–378

    Abstract: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a recently rediscovered tissue in people that has shown promise as a potential therapeutic target against obesity and its metabolic abnormalities. Reliable non-invasive assessment of BAT volume and activity is critical to ... ...

    Abstract Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a recently rediscovered tissue in people that has shown promise as a potential therapeutic target against obesity and its metabolic abnormalities. Reliable non-invasive assessment of BAT volume and activity is critical to allow its importance in metabolic control to be evaluated. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in combination with 2-deoxy-2-[
    MeSH term(s) Adipose Tissue, Brown/diagnostic imaging ; Animals ; Diagnostic Imaging/methods ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Metabolic Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Obesity/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 3115-x
    ISSN 1469-7793 ; 0022-3751
    ISSN (online) 1469-7793
    ISSN 0022-3751
    DOI 10.1113/JP274255
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  4. Article ; Online: Preclinical MRI: Studies of the irradiated brain.

    Garbow, Joel R / Tsien, Christina I / Beeman, Scott C

    Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)

    2018  Volume 292, Page(s) 73–81

    Abstract: Radiation therapy (RT) plays a central role in the treatment of primary brain tumors. However, despite recent advances in RT treatment, local recurrences following therapy remain common. Radiation necrosis (RN) is a severe, late complication of radiation ...

    Abstract Radiation therapy (RT) plays a central role in the treatment of primary brain tumors. However, despite recent advances in RT treatment, local recurrences following therapy remain common. Radiation necrosis (RN) is a severe, late complication of radiation therapy in the brain. RN is a serious clinical problem often associated with devastating neurologic complications. Therapeutic strategies, including neuroprotectants, have been described, but have not been widely translated in routine clinical use. We have developed a mouse model that recapitulates all of the major pathologic features of late-onset RN for the purposes of characterizing the basic pathogenesis of RN, identifying non-invasive (imaging) biomarkers of RN that might allow for the radiologic discernment of tumor and RN, systematic testing of tumor and RN therapeutics, and exploring the complex interplay between RN pathogenesis and tumor recurrence. Herein, we describe the fundamental clinical challenges associated with RN and the progress made towards addressing these challenges by combining our novel mouse model of late-onset RN and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI techniques discussed include conventional T1- and T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetization transfer, and measures of tissue oxygenation. Studies of RN mitigation and neuroprotection are described, including the use of anti-VEGF antibodies, and inhibitors of GSK-3β, HIF-1α, and CXCR4. We conclude with some future perspectives on the irradiated brain and the study and treatment of recurrent tumor growing in an irradiated tumor microenvironment.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibodies, Blocking/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/radiation effects ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Mice ; Necrosis/diagnostic imaging ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnostic imaging ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental/diagnostic imaging ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental/prevention & control ; Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use ; Radiotherapy/adverse effects ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Blocking ; Biomarkers ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Radiation-Protective Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1469665-4
    ISSN 1096-0856 ; 1557-8968 ; 1090-7807 ; 0022-2364
    ISSN (online) 1096-0856 ; 1557-8968
    ISSN 1090-7807 ; 0022-2364
    DOI 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.03.011
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  5. Article ; Online: Analysis Protocol for Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI of Renal Perfusion and Filtration.

    Zöllner, Frank G / Dastrù, Walter / Irrera, Pietro / Longo, Dario Livio / Bennett, Kevin M / Beeman, Scott C / Bretthorst, G Larry / Garbow, Joel R

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2021  Volume 2216, Page(s) 637–653

    Abstract: Here we present an analysis protocol for dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data of the kidneys. It covers comprehensive steps to facilitate signal to contrast agent concentration mapping via ... ...

    Abstract Here we present an analysis protocol for dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data of the kidneys. It covers comprehensive steps to facilitate signal to contrast agent concentration mapping via T
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Animals ; Contrast Media/chemistry ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Image Enhancement ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Kidney/blood supply ; Kidney/physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Perfusion ; Renal Circulation ; Software
    Chemical Substances Contrast Media
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_38
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  6. Article ; Online: Measuring rat kidney glomerular number and size in vivo with MRI.

    Baldelomar, Edwin J / Charlton, Jennifer R / Beeman, Scott C / Bennett, Kevin M

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2017  Volume 314, Issue 3, Page(s) F399–F406

    Abstract: number is highly variable in humans and is thought to play an important role in renal health. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the result of too few nephrons to maintain homeostasis. Currently, nephron number can only be determined invasively or as a ... ...

    Abstract number is highly variable in humans and is thought to play an important role in renal health. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the result of too few nephrons to maintain homeostasis. Currently, nephron number can only be determined invasively or as a terminal assessment. Due to a lack of tools to measure and track nephron number in the living, the early stages of CKD often go unrecognized, preventing early intervention that might halt the progression of CKD. In this work, we present a technique to directly measure glomerular number ( N
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Contrast Media/administration & dosage ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ferritins/administration & dosage ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Kidney Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Kidney Diseases/pathology ; Kidney Glomerulus/diagnostic imaging ; Kidney Glomerulus/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproducibility of Results ; Software
    Chemical Substances Contrast Media ; polycationic ferritin ; Ferritins (9007-73-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00399.2017
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  7. Article ; Online: Estimating Nephron Number from Biopsies: Impact on Clinical Studies.

    Morozov, Darya / Parvin, Neda / Conaway, Mark / Oxley, Gavin / Baldelomar, Edwin J / Cwiek, Aleksandra / deRonde, Kim / Beeman, Scott C / Charlton, Jennifer R / Bennett, Kevin M

    Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

    2021  Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–48

    Abstract: Background: Accumulating evidence supports an association between nephron number and susceptibility to kidney disease. However, it is not yet possible to directly measure nephron number in a clinical setting. Recent clinical studies have used glomerular ...

    Abstract Background: Accumulating evidence supports an association between nephron number and susceptibility to kidney disease. However, it is not yet possible to directly measure nephron number in a clinical setting. Recent clinical studies have used glomerular density from a single biopsy and whole kidney cortical volume from imaging to estimate nephron number and single nephron glomerular filtration rate. However, the accuracy of these estimates from individual subjects is unknown. Furthermore, it is not clear how sample size or biopsy location may influence these estimates. These questions are critical to study design, and to the potential translation of these tools to estimate nephron number in individual subjects.
    Methods: We measured the variability in estimated nephron number derived from needle or virtual biopsies and cortical volume in human kidneys declined for transplantation. We performed multiple needle biopsies in the same kidney, and examined the three-dimensional spatial distribution of nephron density by magnetic resonance imaging. We determined the accuracy of a single-kidney biopsy to predict the mean nephron number estimated from multiple biopsies from the same kidney.
    Results: A single needle biopsy had a 15% chance and virtual biopsy had a 60% chance of being within 20% of the whole-kidney nephron number. Single needle biopsies could be used to detect differences in nephron number between large cohorts of several hundred subjects.
    Conclusions: The number of subjects required to accurately detect differences in nephron number between populations can be predicted on the basis of natural intrakidney variability in glomerular density. A single biopsy is insufficient to accurately predict nephron number in individual subjects.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy, Needle ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrons/diagnostic imaging ; Nephrons/pathology ; Organ Size ; Reproducibility of Results ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1085942-1
    ISSN 1533-3450 ; 1046-6673
    ISSN (online) 1533-3450
    ISSN 1046-6673
    DOI 10.1681/ASN.2021070998
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  8. Article ; Online: Image analysis techniques to map pyramids, pyramid structure, glomerular distribution, and pathology in the intact human kidney from 3-D MRI.

    Charlton, Jennifer R / Xu, Yanzhe / Parvin, Neda / Wu, Teresa / Gao, Fei / Baldelomar, Edwin J / Morozov, Darya / Beeman, Scott C / Derakhshan, Jamal / Bennett, Kevin M

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2021  Volume 321, Issue 3, Page(s) F293–F304

    Abstract: Kidney pathologies are often highly heterogeneous. To comprehensively understand kidney structure and pathology, it is critical to develop tools to map tissue microstructure in the context of the whole, intact organ. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can ... ...

    Abstract Kidney pathologies are often highly heterogeneous. To comprehensively understand kidney structure and pathology, it is critical to develop tools to map tissue microstructure in the context of the whole, intact organ. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide a unique, three-dimensional view of the kidney and allows for measurements of multiple pathological features. Here, we developed a platform to systematically render and map gross and microstructural features of the human kidney based on three-dimensional MRI. These features include pyramid number and morphology as well as the associated medulla and cortex. In a subset of these kidneys, we also mapped individual glomeruli and glomerular volumes using cationic ferritin-enhanced MRI to report intrarenal heterogeneity in glomerular density and size. Finally, we rendered and measured regions of nephron loss due to pathology and individual glomerular volumes in each pyramidal unit. This work provides new tools to comprehensively evaluate the kidney across scales, with potential applications in anatomic and physiological research, transplant allograft evaluation, biomarker development, biopsy guidance, and therapeutic monitoring. These image rendering and analysis tools could eventually impact the field of transplantation medicine to improve longevity matching of donor allografts and recipients and reduce discard rates through the direct assessment of donor kidneys.
    MeSH term(s) Ferritins/metabolism ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Kidney/pathology ; Kidney Diseases/pathology ; Kidney Glomerulus/metabolism ; Kidney Glomerulus/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Nephrons/pathology ; Urinary Tract/pathology
    Chemical Substances polycationic ferritin ; Ferritins (9007-73-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00130.2021
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  9. Article ; Online: Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE) MRI-Derived Renal Perfusion and Filtration: Basic Concepts.

    Pedersen, Michael / Irrera, Pietro / Dastrù, Walter / Zöllner, Frank G / Bennett, Kevin M / Beeman, Scott C / Bretthorst, G Larry / Garbow, Joel R / Longo, Dario Livio

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2021  Volume 2216, Page(s) 205–227

    Abstract: Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI monitors the transit of contrast agents, typically gadolinium chelates, through the intrarenal regions, the renal cortex, the medulla, and the collecting system. In this way, DCE-MRI reveals the renal uptake and ... ...

    Abstract Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI monitors the transit of contrast agents, typically gadolinium chelates, through the intrarenal regions, the renal cortex, the medulla, and the collecting system. In this way, DCE-MRI reveals the renal uptake and excretion of the contrast agent. An optimal DCE-MRI acquisition protocol involves finding a good compromise between whole-kidney coverage (i.e., 3D imaging), spatial and temporal resolution, and contrast resolution. By analyzing the enhancement of the renal tissues as a function of time, one can determine indirect measures of clinically important single-kidney parameters as the renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and intrarenal blood volumes. Gadolinium-containing contrast agents may be nephrotoxic in patients suffering from severe renal dysfunction, but otherwise DCE-MRI is clearly useful for diagnosis of renal functions and for assessing treatment response and posttransplant rejection.Here we introduce the concept of renal DCE-MRI, describe the existing methods, and provide an overview of preclinical DCE-MRI applications to illustrate the utility of this technique to measure renal perfusion and glomerular filtration rate in animal models.This publication is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This introduction is complemented by two separate publications describing the experimental procedure and data analysis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Contrast Media/chemistry ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Image Enhancement/methods ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Kidney/physiology ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods ; Perfusion ; Renal Circulation ; Software
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Contrast Media
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_12
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  10. Article ; Online: MRI-detectable nanoparticles: the potential role in the diagnosis of and therapy for chronic kidney disease.

    Charlton, Jennifer R / Beeman, Scott C / Bennett, Kevin M

    Advances in chronic kidney disease

    2013  Volume 20, Issue 6, Page(s) 479–487

    Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common, deadly, and expensive threat to public health. Patients susceptible to the development of CKD are difficult to identify because there are few noninvasive clinical techniques and markers to assess early kidney ... ...

    Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common, deadly, and expensive threat to public health. Patients susceptible to the development of CKD are difficult to identify because there are few noninvasive clinical techniques and markers to assess early kidney dysfunction. Noninvasive imaging techniques are being developed to quantitatively measure kidney morphology and function in preclinical research and in clinical trials. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in particular have the potential to provide structural and functional information in the kidney. Novel molecular imaging techniques, using targeted magnetic nanoparticles that exploit the characteristics of the endogenous protein, ferritin, have been developed in conjunction with MRI to count every perfused glomerulus in the kidney and measure their individual volumes. This technique could open the door to the possibility of prospectively assessing and eventually reducing a patient's risk for progression to CKD. This review highlights the potential clinical benefits of early detection in patients predisposed to CKD and discusses technologic and regulatory hurdles to the translation of these molecular MRI techniques to provide early diagnosis of CKD.
    MeSH term(s) Ferritins/metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus/metabolism ; Kidney Glomerulus/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Nanoparticles/therapeutic use ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy
    Chemical Substances Ferritins (9007-73-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 1548-5609 ; 1548-5595
    ISSN (online) 1548-5609
    ISSN 1548-5595
    DOI 10.1053/j.ackd.2013.06.002
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