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Article ; Online: The Old West analogy for acid-base buffering.

Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru

2020 Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) 210–211

MeSH term(s)	Acid-Base Equilibrium/physiology ; Buffers ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Medical Illustration/education ; Physiology/education ; Students
Chemical Substances	Buffers
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1024917-5
ISSN	1522-1229 ; 1043-4046
ISSN (online)	1522-1229
ISSN	1043-4046
DOI	10.1152/advan.00033.2020
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Zs.A 5611: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Uc I Zs.89: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Renal lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity.

Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

2010 Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 393–402

Abstract: Purpose of review: Lipid accumulation in nonadipose tissues is increasingly recognized to contribute to organ injury through a process termed lipotoxicity, but whether this process occurs in the kidney is still uncertain. This article briefly summarizes ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Lipid accumulation in nonadipose tissues is increasingly recognized to contribute to organ injury through a process termed lipotoxicity, but whether this process occurs in the kidney is still uncertain. This article briefly summarizes the normal role of lipids in renal physiology and the current evidence linking excess lipids and lipotoxicity to renal dysfunction. Recent findings: Evidence suggesting that renal lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity may lead to kidney dysfunction has mounted significantly over recent years. Abnormal renal lipid content has been described in a number of animal models and has been successfully manipulated using pharmacologic or genetic strategies. There is some heterogeneity among studies with regard to the mechanisms, consequences, and localization of lipid accumulation in the kidney, explainable at least in part by inherent differences between animal models. The relevance of these findings for human pathophysiology remains to be established. Summary: Current knowledge on renal lipid physiology and pathophysiology is insufficient, but provides a strong foundation and incentive for further exploration. The future holds significant challenges in this area, especially with regard to applicability of research findings to the human kidney in vivo, but also the opportunity to transform our understanding of an array of kidney disorders.
MeSH term(s)	Albumins/metabolism ; Animals ; Dyslipidemias ; Humans ; Kidney/metabolism ; Kidney/physiology ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Kidney Diseases/physiopathology ; Lipid Metabolism/physiology ; Lipids/physiology ; Triglycerides/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Albumins ; Lipids ; Triglycerides
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-05-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1151092-4
ISSN	1473-6543 ; 1535-3842 ; 1062-4813 ; 1062-4821
ISSN (online)	1473-6543 ; 1535-3842
ISSN	1062-4813 ; 1062-4821
DOI	10.1097/MNH.0b013e32833aa4ac
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Article ; Online: Renal lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and uric acid handling in a rodent model of obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Rosenthal, Tara R / Park, Sun K / Kairamkonda, Subash / Khatoon, Sabiha / Pop, Laurentiu M / Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru

Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research

2020

Abstract: Hyperuricemia is more prevalent among people with obesity and metabolic syndrome, and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We hypothesized that increased renal reabsorption of uric acid (UA) in obesity and metabolic syndrome may be an adaptive ... ...

Abstract	Hyperuricemia is more prevalent among people with obesity and metabolic syndrome, and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We hypothesized that increased renal reabsorption of uric acid (UA) in obesity and metabolic syndrome may be an adaptive response of the kidney when faced with fatty acid-induced oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, we examined lipid accumulation, markers of oxidative stress, and renal UA handling in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, and in matched lean control animals. Rats were randomized to either normal rodent chow or a diet supplemented with antioxidants (α-tocopheryl acetate, sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, and ascorbic acid), and were followed up for either 4 or 20 weeks after randomization. Dietary antioxidant supplementation had no significant effects in lean control rats but led to partial improvement in markers of elevated oxidative stress in the kidney of ZDF rats. Renal UA handling was not affected by antioxidant supplementation. We observed robust correlations between renal lipid content and oxidative stress markers in the pooled experimental groups, particularly in older animals after 20 weeks on the study diets. Dietary antioxidant supplementation did not prevent the gradual decline in renal function observed in older ZDF rats. These findings suggest that hyperuricemia in the ZDF rat model of obesity and the metabolic syndrome is not caused by renal oxidative stress, that there may be a pathophysiological link between lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in the kidney, and that antioxidant supplementation does not prevent age-related decline in renal function in ZDF rats.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1217870-6
ISSN	1708-8267 ; 0009-9279 ; 1081-5589
ISSN (online)	1708-8267
ISSN	0009-9279 ; 1081-5589
DOI	10.1136/jim-2020-001608
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Article: Renal Lipid Metabolism Abnormalities in Obesity and Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru / Pop, Laurentiu M / Mani, Chinnadurai / Turner, Kala / Rivera, Christian / Khatoon, Sabiha / Kairamkonda, Subash / Hannan, Raquibul / Palle, Komaraiah

Metabolites

2021 Volume 11, Issue 9

Abstract: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the most common and deadly type of cancer affecting the kidney, and is characterized histologically by large intracellular lipid deposits. These deposits are thought to result from lipid metabolic reprogramming ... ...

Abstract	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the most common and deadly type of cancer affecting the kidney, and is characterized histologically by large intracellular lipid deposits. These deposits are thought to result from lipid metabolic reprogramming occurring in tumor cells, but the exact mechanisms and implications of these metabolic alterations are incompletely understood. Obesity is an independent risk factor for clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and is also associated with lipid accumulation in noncancerous epithelial cells of the proximal tubule, where clear cell renal cell carcinoma originates. This article explores the potential link between obesity-associated renal lipid metabolic disturbances and lipid metabolic reprogramming in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and discusses potential implications for future research.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662251-8
ISSN	2218-1989
ISSN	2218-1989
DOI	10.3390/metabo11090608
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Article ; Online: Renal transport of uric acid: evolving concepts and uncertainties.

Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru / Moe, Orson W

Advances in chronic kidney disease

2012 Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) 358–371

Abstract: In addition to its role as a metabolic waste product, uric acid has been proposed to be an important molecule with multiple functions in human physiologic and pathophysiologic processes and may be linked to human diseases beyond nephrolithiasis and gout. ...

Abstract	In addition to its role as a metabolic waste product, uric acid has been proposed to be an important molecule with multiple functions in human physiologic and pathophysiologic processes and may be linked to human diseases beyond nephrolithiasis and gout. Uric acid homeostasis is determined by the balance between production, intestinal secretion, and renal excretion. The kidney is an important regulator of circulating uric acid levels by reabsorbing about 90% of filtered urate and being responsible for 60% to 70% of total body uric acid excretion. Defective renal handling of urate is a frequent pathophysiologic factor underpinning hyperuricemia and gout. Despite tremendous advances over the past decade, the molecular mechanisms of renal urate transport are still incompletely understood. Many transport proteins are candidate participants in urate handling, with URAT1 and GLUT9 being the best characterized to date. Understanding these transporters is increasingly important for the practicing clinician as new research unveils their physiologic characteristics, importance in drug action, and genetic association with uric acid levels in human populations. The future may see the introduction of new drugs that act specifically on individual renal urate transporters for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
MeSH term(s)	Biological Transport ; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative/metabolism ; Gout/metabolism ; Gout/physiopathology ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia/complications ; Hyperuricemia/metabolism ; Kidney/metabolism ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/metabolism ; Organic Anion Transporters/metabolism ; Organic Cation Transport Proteins/metabolism ; Uncertainty ; Uric Acid/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative ; Organic Anion Transporters ; Organic Cation Transport Proteins ; SLC22A12 protein, human ; SLC2A9 protein, human ; Uric Acid (268B43MJ25)
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-10-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ISSN	1548-5609 ; 1548-5595
ISSN (online)	1548-5609
ISSN	1548-5595
DOI	10.1053/j.ackd.2012.07.009
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Zs.A 4627: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of chronic mild hyperuricemia in rodents.

Park, Sun K / Rosenthal, Tara R / Williams, Jessica S / Shelton, John M / Takahashi, Masaya / Zhang, Shanrong / Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru

Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research

2018 Volume 66, Issue 7, Page(s) 1037–1044

Abstract: Mildly elevated serum uric acid levels are common in people with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but whether elevated uric acid has a causal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes remains uncertain. We tested whether chronic mild ... ...

Abstract	Mildly elevated serum uric acid levels are common in people with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but whether elevated uric acid has a causal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes remains uncertain. We tested whether chronic mild hyperuricemia in rodents under controlled laboratory conditions can cause glucose intolerance in otherwise healthy animals, or whether it can worsen glucometabolic control in animals that are genetically predisposed to T2DM. We used an established model of experimental hyperuricemia in rodents with potassium oxonate dietary supplementation, which led to sustained, approximately two-fold elevation of uric acid compared with control animals. We also reversed the hyperuricemic effect of oxonate in some animals by treatment with a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Manipulation of serum uric acid levels in Sprague-Dawley rats for up to 18 weeks did not affect fasting glucose and glucose tolerance. Blood pressure was also not affected by hyperuricemia in rats fed a Western-type diet. We next sought to determine whether uric acid may aggravate or accelerate the onset of glucometabolic abnormalities in rats already predisposed to T2DM. Chronic oxonate treatment in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) and lean control rats for up to 6 weeks did not affect fasting glucose, insulin, and glucose tolerance in ZDF rats. Taken together, these findings indicate that elevated uric acid does not directly contribute to the pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and T2DM in rodents.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Blood Pressure ; Body Weight ; Cardiovascular Diseases/blood ; Cardiovascular Diseases/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology ; Chronic Disease ; Fasting/blood ; Fibrosis ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Heart Function Tests ; Hyperuricemia/blood ; Hyperuricemia/complications ; Hyperuricemia/metabolism ; Hyperuricemia/physiopathology ; Kidney/pathology ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Zucker ; Thinness/blood ; Uric Acid/blood
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Uric Acid (268B43MJ25)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1217870-6
ISSN	1708-8267 ; 0009-9279 ; 1081-5589
ISSN (online)	1708-8267
ISSN	0009-9279 ; 1081-5589
DOI	10.1136/jim-2018-000729
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Article ; Online: Triglycerides in the human kidney cortex: relationship with body size.

Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru / Lotan, Yair / Zhang, Jianning / Rosenthal, Tara R / Rogers, John T / Adams-Huet, Beverley / Sakhaee, Khashayar / Moe, Orson W

PloS one

2014 Volume 9, Issue 8, Page(s) e101285

Abstract: Obesity is associated with increased risk for kidney disease and uric acid nephrolithiasis, but the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning these associations are incompletely understood. Animal experiments have suggested that renal lipid accumulation ...

Abstract	Obesity is associated with increased risk for kidney disease and uric acid nephrolithiasis, but the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning these associations are incompletely understood. Animal experiments have suggested that renal lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity may play a role, but whether lipid accumulation occurs in humans with increasing body mass index (BMI) is unknown. The association between obesity and abnormal triglyceride accumulation in non-adipose tissues (steatosis) has been described in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle and pancreas, but not in the human kidney. We used a quantitative biochemical assay to quantify triglyceride in normal kidney cortex samples from 54 patients undergoing nephrectomy for localized renal cell carcinoma. In subsets of the study population we evaluated the localization of lipid droplets by Oil Red O staining and measured 16 common ceramide species by mass spectrometry. There was a positive correlation between kidney cortex trigyceride content and BMI (Spearman R = 0.27, P = 0.04). Lipid droplets detectable by optical microscopy had a sporadic distribution but were generally more prevalent in individuals with higher BMI, with predominant localization in proximal tubule cells and to a lesser extent in glomeruli. Total ceramide content was inversely correlated with triglycerides. We postulate that obesity is associated with abnormal triglyceride accumulation (steatosis) in the human kidney. In turn, steatosis and lipotoxicity may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity-associated kidney disease and nephrolithiasis.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Animals ; Body Mass Index ; Body Size ; Ceramides/analysis ; Humans ; Kidney Cortex/pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms/complications ; Kidney Neoplasms/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/complications ; Rats, Zucker ; Triglycerides/analysis
Chemical Substances	Ceramides ; Triglycerides
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-08-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0101285
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Article ; Online: Pathophysiological and physicochemical basis of ammonium urate stone formation in dolphins.

Smith, Cynthia R / Poindexter, John R / Meegan, Jennifer M / Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru / Jensen, Eric D / Venn-Watson, Stephanie / Sakhaee, Khashayar

The Journal of urology

2014 Volume 192, Issue 1, Page(s) 260–266

Abstract: Purpose: Nephrolithiasis is increasingly reported in bottle-nosed dolphins. All cases to date have been ammonium urate nephrolithiasis.: Materials and methods: A case-control study was performed in dolphins with and without evidence of ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Nephrolithiasis is increasingly reported in bottle-nosed dolphins. All cases to date have been ammonium urate nephrolithiasis. Materials and methods: A case-control study was performed in dolphins with and without evidence of nephrolithiasis to identify biomarkers and risk factors associated with stone formation in a managed population. Dolphins were sampled in fasting and postprandial states to study the effect of dietary factors on serum and urinary biochemistry. Urine was continuously collected for 6 hours via catheter and divided into 3, 2-hour collections with a bolus fish meal given after completing the first collection. Blood was sampled at the beginning of the fasting period and the end of the postprandial period. Results: There were no significant differences in serum and urine chemistry or acid-base profiles between dolphins with vs without stones at baseline or postprandially. This suggests that cases and controls represent a continuum of stone risk. On analysis combining cases and controls in a single cohort we noted significant postprandial increases in urinary uric acid, sulfate and net acid excretion accompanied by increased urinary ammonium excretion and a commensurate increase in urine pH. The supersaturation index of ammonium urate increased more than twofold postprandially. Conclusions: These findings suggest that dolphins are susceptible to ammonium urate nephrolithiasis at least in part because a high dietary load of acid and purines results in a transient but marked increase in the urinary supersaturation of the sparingly soluble ammonium urate salt.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bottle-Nosed Dolphin/metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemical Phenomena ; Female ; Male ; Nephrolithiasis/metabolism ; Nephrolithiasis/physiopathology ; Nephrolithiasis/veterinary ; Uric Acid/analysis
Chemical Substances	Uric Acid (268B43MJ25)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	3176-8
ISSN	1527-3792 ; 0022-5347
ISSN (online)	1527-3792
ISSN	0022-5347
DOI	10.1016/j.juro.2014.01.008
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Ui VI Zs.91: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 331: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Effect of metabolic acidosis on neonatal proximal tubule acidification.

Twombley, Katherine / Gattineni, Jyothsna / Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru / Dwarakanath, Vangipuram / Baum, Michel

American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology

2010 Volume 299, Issue 5, Page(s) R1360–8

Abstract: The serum bicarbonate in neonates is lower than adults due in large part to a lower rate of proximal tubule acidification. It is unclear if the neonatal proximal tubule is functioning at maximal capacity or if the proximal tubule can respond to metabolic ...

Abstract	The serum bicarbonate in neonates is lower than adults due in large part to a lower rate of proximal tubule acidification. It is unclear if the neonatal proximal tubule is functioning at maximal capacity or if the proximal tubule can respond to metabolic acidosis as has been described in adult proximal tubules. We find that neonatal mouse brush-border membranes have a lower Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE) 3 protein abundance (neonate 0.11 ± 0.05 vs. adult 0.64 ± 0.07; P < 0.05) and a higher NHE8 protein abundance (neonate 1.0 ± 0.01 vs. adult 0.13 ± 0.09; P < 0.001) compared with adults. To examine if neonates can adapt to acidosis, neonatal mice were gavaged with either acid or vehicle for 4 days, resulting in a drop in serum bicarbonate from 19.5 ± 1.0 to 8.9 ± 0.6 meq/l (P < 0.001). Proximal convoluted tubule Na(+)/H(+) exchanger activity (dpH(i)/dt) was 1.68 ± 0.19 pH units/min in control tubules and 2.49 ± 0.60 pH units/min in acidemic neonatal mice (P < 0.05), indicating that the neonatal proximal tubule can respond to metabolic acidosis with an increase in Na(+)/H(+) exchanger activity. Similarly, brush-border membrane vesicles from neonatal rats had an increase in Na(+)/H(+) exchanger activity with acidemia that was almost totally inhibited by 10(-6) M 5-(N-ethyl-n-isopropyl)-amiloride, a dose that has little effect on NHE3 but inhibits NHE8. There was a significant increase in both NHE3 (vehicle 0.35 ± 0.07 vs. acid 0.73 ± 0.07; P < 0.003) and NHE8 brush-border membrane protein abundance (vehicle 0.41 ± 0.05 vs. acid 0.73 ± 0.06; P < 0.001) in acidemic mouse neonates compared with controls. A comparable increase in NHE3 and NHE8 was found in neonatal rats with acidosis. In conclusion, the neonatal proximal tubule can adapt to metabolic acidosis with an increase in Na(+)/H(+) exchanger activity.
MeSH term(s)	Acidosis/genetics ; Acidosis/metabolism ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Amiloride/analogs & derivatives ; Amiloride/pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bicarbonates/blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/drug effects ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microvilli/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/antagonists & inhibitors ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/genetics ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/metabolism ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Bicarbonates ; RNA, Messenger ; Slc9a3 protein, mouse ; Slc9a3 protein, rat ; Slc9a8 protein, mouse ; Slc9a8 protein, rat ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers ; Amiloride (7DZO8EB0Z3) ; ethylisopropylamiloride (VW50CE070T)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-08-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	603839-6
ISSN	1522-1490 ; 0363-6119
ISSN (online)	1522-1490
ISSN	0363-6119
DOI	10.1152/ajpregu.00007.2010
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Article: Characterization of Na+/H+ exchanger NHE8 in cultured renal epithelial cells.

Zhang, Jianning / Bobulescu, Ion Alexandru / Goyal, Sunita / Aronson, Peter S / Baum, Michel G / Moe, Orson W

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

2007 Volume 293, Issue 3, Page(s) F761–6

Abstract: NHE8 is expressed in the apical membrane of the proximal tubule and is predicted to be a Na+/H+ exchanger on the basis of its primary amino acid sequence. Functional characterization of native NHE8 in mammalian cells has not been possible to date. We ... ...

Abstract	NHE8 is expressed in the apical membrane of the proximal tubule and is predicted to be a Na+/H+ exchanger on the basis of its primary amino acid sequence. Functional characterization of native NHE8 in mammalian cells has not been possible to date. We screened a number of polarized renal cell lines for the plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchangers (NHE1, 2, 3, 4, and 8) and found only NHE1 and NHE8 transcripts in NRK cells by RT-PCR. NHE8 protein is expressed in the apical membrane of NRK cells as demonstrated by immunoblots, confocal fluorescent immunocytochemistry, and immunoelectron microscopy. NHE1, on the other hand, is expressed primarily in the basolateral membrane. Bilateral perfusion of NRK cells grown on permeable supports shows Na+/H+ exchange activity on both the apical and basolateral membranes. NHE8-specific small interfering RNA knocks down NHE8 protein expression but does not affect NHE1 protein levels. Knockdown of NHE8 protein is accompanied by a commensurate reduction in apical NHE activity, without altered basolateral NHE activity. Conversely, transfection of NHE1-specific small interfering RNA knocks down NHE1 protein expression without affecting NHE8 protein levels and reduces basolateral NHE activity without affecting apical NHE activity. NHE8 is the only apical membrane Na+/H+ exchanger in NRK cells. NHE8 activity is Na+ dependent, displaying a cooperative sigmoidal relationship, and is highly sensitive to 5-(N-ethyl-n-isopropyl)-amiloride (EIPA). NRK cells provide a useful system where NHE8 can be studied in its native environment.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Line ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Kidney/cytology ; RNA Interference ; Rats ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/genetics ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Slc9a1 protein, rat ; Slc9a8 protein, rat ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-06-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	603837-2
ISSN	1522-1466 ; 1931-857X ; 0363-6127
ISSN (online)	1522-1466
ISSN	1931-857X ; 0363-6127
DOI	10.1152/ajprenal.00117.2007
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