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  1. Article ; Online: The Multifaceted Role of Human Dickkopf-3 (DKK-3) in Development, Immune Modulation and Cancer.

    Mourtada, Jana / Thibaudeau, Chloé / Wasylyk, Bohdan / Jung, Alain C

    Cells

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1

    Abstract: The human Dickkopf (DKK) family includes four main secreted proteins, DKK-1, DKK-2, DKK-3, and DKK-4, as well as the DKK-3 related protein soggy (Sgy-1 or DKKL1). These glycoproteins play crucial roles in various biological processes, and especially ... ...

    Abstract The human Dickkopf (DKK) family includes four main secreted proteins, DKK-1, DKK-2, DKK-3, and DKK-4, as well as the DKK-3 related protein soggy (Sgy-1 or DKKL1). These glycoproteins play crucial roles in various biological processes, and especially modulation of the Wnt signaling pathway. DKK-3 is distinct, with its multifaceted roles in development, stem cell differentiation and tissue homeostasis. Intriguingly, DKK-3 appears to have immunomodulatory functions and a complex role in cancer, acting as either a tumor suppressor or an oncogene, depending on the context. DKK-3 is a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target that can be modulated by epigenetic reactivation, gene therapy and DKK-3-blocking agents. However, further research is needed to optimize DKK-3-based therapies. In this review, we comprehensively describe the known functions of DKK-3 and highlight the importance of context in understanding and exploiting its roles in health and disease.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cell Differentiation ; Epigenomics ; Genetic Therapy ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Oncogenes
    Chemical Substances DKKL1 protein, human ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; DKK3 protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells13010075
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Immunotherapy Breakthroughs in the Treatment of Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

    Borel, Christian / Jung, Alain C / Burgy, Mickaël

    Cancers

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 9

    Abstract: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the recurrent or metastatic (R/M) setting is a devastating disease with a poor prognosis. Until recently, the reference first line treatment was the EXTREME protocol, which yields a 10.1 months median ... ...

    Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the recurrent or metastatic (R/M) setting is a devastating disease with a poor prognosis. Until recently, the reference first line treatment was the EXTREME protocol, which yields a 10.1 months median survival, and almost no effective treatment are available in second line. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the prognosis of several metastatic solid tumors. Given their inflammatory profile and high mutational burden, HNSCC is a good candidate for ICIs treatments. First, a strong pembrolizumab efficacy signal was shown in the Keynote-012 Phase Ib study. Then, the phase III Checkmate-141 study validated the efficacy of nivolumab in platinum-resistant patients. Finally, the first line conquest is acquired since the final results of the keynote-048 phase III study that demonstrated the superiority of pembrolizumab versus EXTREME in CPS ≥ 1 patients, and with the addition of platinum and 5FU in all patients. However, the first line treatment landscape is not frozen. Two studies (Checkmate-651 and Kestrel) are investigating the efficacy of the combination of antibodies raised against CTLA-4 and PD-(L)1. Results are impatiently awaited. Further progress needs the use of new immunotherapeutic agents such as monalizumab or ICOS agonist rather in combination with an anti-PD(L)1. New associations of ICIs and chemotherapeutic or targeted therapeutic agents are also actively investigated. Finally, ICIs has to be studied in the locally advanced setting where there is a chance of cure. Several trials are testing the potential synergistic combination of ICIs with radiotherapy and platinum or cetuximab, or ICIs used in a neoadjuvant setting.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers12092691
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A Novel Near-IR Absorbing Ruthenium(II) Complex as Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy and its Cetuximab Bioconjugates.

    Martínez-Alonso, Marta / Gandioso, Albert / Thibaudeau, Chloé / Qin, Xue / Arnoux, Philippe / Demeubayeva, Nurikamal / Guérineau, Vincent / Frochot, Céline / Jung, Alain C / Gaiddon, Christian / Gasser, Gilles

    Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 15, Page(s) e202300203

    Abstract: A novel Ru(II) cyclometalated photosensitizer (PS), Ru- ... ...

    Abstract A novel Ru(II) cyclometalated photosensitizer (PS), Ru-NH
    MeSH term(s) Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology ; Photosensitizing Agents/chemistry ; Cetuximab/pharmacology ; Ruthenium/chemistry ; Coordination Complexes/chemistry ; Photochemotherapy
    Chemical Substances Photosensitizing Agents ; Cetuximab (PQX0D8J21J) ; Ruthenium (7UI0TKC3U5) ; Coordination Complexes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-05
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2020469-3
    ISSN 1439-7633 ; 1439-4227
    ISSN (online) 1439-7633
    ISSN 1439-4227
    DOI 10.1002/cbic.202300203
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Can liberating p53 from E6 free patients from HPV-related head and neck tumors?

    Jung, Alain C

    Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

    2013  Volume 12, Issue 6, Page(s) 868

    MeSH term(s) Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/metabolism ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism ; Humans ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics ; Papillomavirus E7 Proteins/genetics ; Repressor Proteins/genetics ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16 ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; Papillomavirus E7 Proteins ; Repressor Proteins ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; oncogene protein E7, Human papillomavirus type 16
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-02-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2146183-1
    ISSN 1551-4005 ; 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1551-4005
    ISSN 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    DOI 10.4161/cc.24101
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Antitumor Immune Response Triggered by Metal-Based Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy: Where Are We?

    Jung, Alain C / Moinard-Butot, Fabien / Thibaudeau, Chloé / Gasser, Gilles / Gaiddon, Christian

    Pharmaceutics

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 11

    Abstract: Metal complexes based on transition metals have rich photochemical and photophysical properties that are derived from a variety of excited state electronic configurations triggered by visible and near-infrared light. These properties can be exploited to ... ...

    Abstract Metal complexes based on transition metals have rich photochemical and photophysical properties that are derived from a variety of excited state electronic configurations triggered by visible and near-infrared light. These properties can be exploited to produce powerful energy and electron transfer processes that can lead to oxygen-(in)dependent photobiological activity. These principles are the basis of photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is a clinically approved treatment that offers a promising, effective, and noninvasive complementary treatment or even an alternative to treat several types of cancers. PDT is based on a reaction involving a photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen, which ultimately generates cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, skin photosensitivity, due to the accumulation of PSs in skin cells, has hampered, among other elements, its clinical development and application. Therefore, these is an increasing interest in the use of (metal-based) PSs that are more specific to tumor cells. This may increase efficacy and corollary decrease side-effects. To this end, metal-containing nanoparticles with photosensitizing properties have recently been developed. In addition, several studies have reported that the use of immunogenic/immunomodulatory metal-based nanoparticles increases the antitumor efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy mediated by anti-PD-(L)1 or CTLA-4 antibodies. In this review, we discuss the main metal complexes used as PDT PSs. Lastly, we review the preclinical studies associated with metal-based PDT PSs and immunotherapies. This therapeutic association could stimulate PDT.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527217-2
    ISSN 1999-4923
    ISSN 1999-4923
    DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111788
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A novel ΔNp63-dependent immune mechanism improves prognosis of HPV-related head and neck cancer.

    Mourtada, Jana / Lony, Christelle / Nicol, Anaïs / De Azevedo, Justine / Bour, Cyril / Macabre, Christine / Roncarati, Patrick / Ledrappier, Sonia / Schultz, Philippe / Borel, Christian / Burgy, Mickaël / Wasylyk, Bohdan / Mellitzer, Georg / Herfs, Michaël / Gaiddon, Christian / Jung, Alain C

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1264093

    Abstract: Background: Deconvoluting the heterogenous prognosis of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is crucial for enhancing patient care, given its rapidly increasing incidence in western countries and the adverse ... ...

    Abstract Background: Deconvoluting the heterogenous prognosis of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is crucial for enhancing patient care, given its rapidly increasing incidence in western countries and the adverse side effects of OSCC treatments.
    Methods: Transcriptomic data from HPV-positive OSCC samples were analyzed using unsupervised hierarchical clustering, and clinical relevance was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. HPV-positive OSCC cell line models were used in functional analyses and phenotypic assays to assess cell migration and invasion, response to cisplatin, and phagocytosis by macrophages
    Results: We found, by transcriptomic analysis of HPV-positive OSCC samples, a ΔNp63 dependent molecular signature that is associated with patient prognosis. ΔNp63 was found to act as a tumor suppressor in HPV-positive OSCC at multiple levels. It inhibits cell migration and invasion, and favors response to chemotherapy. RNA-Seq analysis uncovered an unexpected regulation of genes, such as DKK3, which are involved in immune response-signalling pathways. In agreement with these observations, we found that ΔNp63 expression levels correlate with an enhanced anti-tumor immune environment in OSCC, and ΔNp63 promotes cancer cell phagocytosis by macrophages through a DKK3/NF-κB-dependent pathway.
    Conclusion: Our findings are the first comprehensive identification of molecular mechanisms involved in the heterogeneous prognosis of HPV-positive OSCC, paving the way for much-needed biomarkers and targeted treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Human Papillomavirus Viruses ; Papillomavirus Infections/complications ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics ; Prognosis ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1264093
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The Microenvironment of Head and Neck Cancers: Papillomavirus Involvement and Potential Impact of Immunomodulatory Treatments.

    Outh-Gauer, Sophie / Morini, Aurélien / Tartour, Eric / Lépine, Charles / Jung, Alain C / Badoual, Cécile

    Head and neck pathology

    2020  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 330–340

    Abstract: Cancer progression can be understood as the result of deregulation of tumors' immune microenvironments. Recent studies of the alterations of microenvironments highlight their significant influence on the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous ... ...

    Abstract Cancer progression can be understood as the result of deregulation of tumors' immune microenvironments. Recent studies of the alterations of microenvironments highlight their significant influence on the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). It is necessary to better characterize tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes by focusing, in particular, on the tumor escape mechanisms from immune surveillance. One of the best described tumor immune system evasion mechanisms is the expression of co-stimulation molecules that constitute so-called "immune checkpoints". These molecules regulate the immune response by either activating or inhibiting its effects. The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) surface protein is an inhibitory co-stimulation molecule that induces exhaustion of activated T-lymphocytes (TLs, T cells) through binding with its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. Half of HNSCCs exhibit PD-L1 expression with higher expression identified in human papillomavirus (HPV) positive tumors. Numerous studies have shown differences between the microenvironments of HPV+ and HPV- cancers. Notably, infiltrations of exhausted CD4+ PD1+ and CD8+ PD1+ T cells are far higher in the microenvironment of HPV+ tumors. The FDA has approved the use of molecules that target PD-1 for the treatment of HNSCC. The first results of clinical trials with anti-PD-1 blockers in HNSCC show improved patient survival, particularly long-term survival without recurrence. However, discordant results were sometimes observed, and improvements in defining cellular predictive markers are necessary. With the development of immunotherapies, pathologists play a role in the selection of patients who are eligible for specific treatments and assessment of their prognosis in greater detail. An automated, quantitative in situ imaging system that integrates both multispectral imaging and automated slide scanning could be developed in pathology laboratories. The evaluation of PD-L1 expression has only been used to stratify the administration of first-line immunotherapy. The validation of these tests and their routine interpretation is essential. No specific recommendation is adopted for HPV+ HNSCC.
    MeSH term(s) Alphapapillomavirus ; Humans ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Papillomavirus Infections/immunology ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/immunology ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/therapy ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/virology ; Tumor Escape/drug effects ; Tumor Escape/immunology ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2407834-7
    ISSN 1936-0568 ; 1936-055X
    ISSN (online) 1936-0568
    ISSN 1936-055X
    DOI 10.1007/s12105-020-01147-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of human papillomavirus-driven head and neck cancers.

    Mirghani, Haïtham / Jung, Alain C / Fakhry, Carole

    European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)

    2017  Volume 78, Page(s) 105–115

    Abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs) represent an increasing proportion of head and neck cancers that could become, in the next few decades, a public health problem in certain western countries. This significant epidemiological ... ...

    Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs) represent an increasing proportion of head and neck cancers that could become, in the next few decades, a public health problem in certain western countries. This significant epidemiological change strongly calls for preventive measures. Prophylactic HPV vaccination and screening programmes for early identification and treatment of premalignant lesions are currently being used to reduce the incidence of uterine cervical cancer, which is the paradigm of HPV-driven malignancy. These strategies have proven to be efficient as the incidence of cervical cancer has dramatically dropped since the 1960s in most countries where they are properly applied. The success of cervical cancer prevention encourages the development of similar approaches to prevent HPV-driven OPCs. However, a number of important limitations impede their application to HPV-driven OPCs, and the development of innovative and specific strategies dedicated to this disease are urgently needed. This article provides an overview on primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of HPV-driven OPC and discusses some directions for future research.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/metabolism ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Papillomaviridae/genetics ; Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Primary Prevention/methods ; Risk Assessment ; Secondary Prevention/methods ; Tertiary Prevention/methods ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology ; Vaccination/statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; DNA, Viral ; Papillomavirus Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 82061-1
    ISSN 1879-0852 ; 0277-5379 ; 0959-8049 ; 0964-1947
    ISSN (online) 1879-0852
    ISSN 0277-5379 ; 0959-8049 ; 0964-1947
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejca.2017.03.021
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Tumor-Suppressive and Immunomodulating Activity of miR-30a-3p and miR-30e-3p in HNSCC Cells and Tumoroids.

    Conrad, Ombline / Burgy, Mickaël / Foppolo, Sophie / Jehl, Aude / Thiéry, Alicia / Guihard, Sébastien / Vauchelles, Romain / Jung, Alain C / Mourtada, Jana / Macabre, Christine / Ledrappier, Sonia / Chenard, Marie-Pierre / Onea, Mihaela-Alina / Danic, Aurélien / Dourlhes, Thomas / Thibault, Claire / Schultz, Philippe / Dontenwill, Monique / Martin, Sophie

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 13

    Abstract: Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are heterogeneous tumors, well known for their frequent relapsing nature. To counter recurrence, biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment response prediction are urgently needed. miRNAs can ... ...

    Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are heterogeneous tumors, well known for their frequent relapsing nature. To counter recurrence, biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment response prediction are urgently needed. miRNAs can profoundly impact normal physiology and enhance oncogenesis. Among all of the miRNAs, the miR-30 family is frequently downregulated in HNSCC. Here, we determined how levels of the 3p passenger strands of miR-30a and miR-30e affect tumor behavior and clarified their functional role in LA-HNSCC. In a retrospective study, levels of miR-30a-3p and miR-30e-3p were determined in 110 patients and correlated to overall survival, locoregional relapse, and distant metastasis. miR-30a/e-3p were expressed in HNSCC cell lines and HNSCC patient-derived tumoroids (PDTs) to investigate their effect on tumor cells and their microenvironment. Both miRNAs were found to have a prognosis value since low miR-30a/e-3p expression correlates to adverse prognosis and reduces overall survival. Low expression of miR-30a/e-3p is associated with a shorter time until locoregional relapse and a shorter time until metastasis, respectively. miR-30a/e-3p expression downregulates both TGF-βR1 and BMPR2 and attenuates the survival and motility of HNSCC. Results were confirmed in PDTs. Finally, secretomes of miR-30a/e-3p-transfected HNSCC activate M1-type macrophages, which exert stronger phagocytic activities toward tumor cells. miR-30a/e-3p expression can discriminate subgroups of LA-HNSCC patients with different prognosis, making them good candidates as prognostic biomarkers. Furthermore, by targeting members of the TGF-β family and generating an immune-permissive microenvironment, they may emerge as an alternative to anti-TGF-β drugs to use in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/genetics ; Retrospective Studies ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
    Chemical Substances MicroRNAs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms241311178
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The EXTREME Regimen Associating Cetuximab and Cisplatin Favors Head and Neck Cancer Cell Death and Immunogenicity with the Induction of an Anti-Cancer Immune Response.

    De Azevedo, Justine / Mourtada, Jana / Bour, Cyril / Devignot, Véronique / Schultz, Philippe / Borel, Christian / Pencreach, Erwan / Mellitzer, Georg / Gaiddon, Christian / Jung, Alain C

    Cells

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 18

    Abstract: 1) Background: The first line of treatment for recurrent/metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) has recently evolved with the approval of immunotherapies that target the anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint. However, only about 20% of the ... ...

    Abstract (1) Background: The first line of treatment for recurrent/metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) has recently evolved with the approval of immunotherapies that target the anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint. However, only about 20% of the patients display a long-lasting objective tumor response. The modulation of cancer cell immunogenicity via a treatment-induced immunogenic cell death is proposed to potentially be able to improve the rate of patients who respond to immune checkpoint blocking immunotherapies. (2) Methods: Using human HNSCC cell line models and a mouse oral cancer syngeneic model, we have analyzed the ability of the EXTREME regimen (combination therapy using the anti-EGFR cetuximab antibody and platinum-based chemotherapy) to modify the immunogenicity of HNSCC cells. (3) Results: We showed that the combination of cetuximab and cisplatin reduces cell growth through both cell cycle inhibition and the induction of apoptotic cell death independently of p53. In addition, different components of the EXTREME regimen were found to induce, to a variable extent, and in a cell-dependent manner, the emission of mediators of immunogenic cell death, including calreticulin, HMGB1, and type I Interferon-responsive chemokines. Interestingly, cetuximab alone or combined with the IC
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; Calreticulin ; Cetuximab/therapeutic use ; Cisplatin/therapeutic use ; HMGB1 Protein ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity ; Interferon Type I ; Mice ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/drug therapy ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
    Chemical Substances Calreticulin ; HMGB1 Protein ; Interferon Type I ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; Cetuximab (PQX0D8J21J) ; Cisplatin (Q20Q21Q62J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells11182866
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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