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  1. Article: Assessment of in vivo antiepileptic potential and phytochemical analysis of

    Ullah, Muhammad Ihsan / Anwar, Rukhsana / Zia, Mahnoor / Gul, Bazgha / Kamran, Shahzad / Kamran, Sairah Hafeez

    Heliyon

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) e14660

    Abstract: ... Cassia ... ...

    Abstract Cassia absus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14660
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Anti-arthritic, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential of Cassia absus: An ethanomedicinal plant of Febaceae family.

    Gul, Bazgha / Anwar, Rukhsana / Saleem, Mohammad

    Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

    2023  Volume 35, Issue 6(Special), Page(s) 1705–1711

    Abstract: Medicinal plants are becoming popular choice for treatment of chronic disease conditions. Cassia absus plant parts have been traditionally used to treat inflammatory conditions. This study was designed for evaluating anti-arthritic, anti-nociceptive and ... ...

    Abstract Medicinal plants are becoming popular choice for treatment of chronic disease conditions. Cassia absus plant parts have been traditionally used to treat inflammatory conditions. This study was designed for evaluating anti-arthritic, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential of Cassia absus seeds. n- hexane, methanol, chloroform and aqueous extracts were prepared to be appraised for identification and quantitative determination of various phytochemicals. All the extracts were evaluated for anti-arthritic activity via protein denaturation, anti-nociceptive activity by hot plate method and anti-inflammatory potential through Carrageenan induced paw edema. Three doses; 100, 200 and 300mg/kg of each extract were given to Wistar rats. The results of the quantitative analysis revealed that Aqueous and n-hexane extracts contained the highest total flavonoid (104.2±0.24mg QE/g) and phenolic contents (187.4±0.65mg GA/g) respectively. All the extracts exhibited decrease in protein denaturation (n-hexane 66.66%, methanol 59.42%, chloroform 65.21% and aqueous extract 89.85%). Significant increase in mean latency time (secs) was observed in n-hexane, methanol and aqueous extract treated rats as compared to normal rats. All four extracts caused significant reduction in paw inflammation as compared to carrageenan control. It is therefore concluded that all the extracts of Cassia absus possessed significant anti-arthritic, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Cassia ; Carrageenan ; Chloroform ; Methanol ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances n-hexane (2DDG612ED8) ; Carrageenan (9000-07-1) ; Chloroform (7V31YC746X) ; Methanol (Y4S76JWI15) ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-27
    Publishing country Pakistan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 885131-1
    ISSN 1011-601X
    ISSN 1011-601X
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  3. Article: Protective Effects of Nanoceria against Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertrophy in H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts.

    Gul, Rukhsana / Dar, Mushtaq A / Nawaz, Shahid / Alfadda, Assim A

    Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 4

    Abstract: Mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is involved in the pathogenesis and development of cardiac hypertrophy. Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticle) has powerful ROS-scavenging properties and is ... ...

    Abstract Mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is involved in the pathogenesis and development of cardiac hypertrophy. Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticle) has powerful ROS-scavenging properties and is considered a potential therapeutic option for curbing ROS-related disorders. Here, we explored the signaling mechanism underlying the protective effects of nanoceria against angiotensin (Ang) II-stimulated pathological response in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Our data revealed that pretreatment of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts with nanoceria significantly prevented Ang II-stimulated generation of intracellular ROS, aberrant expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and hypertrophy markers. Nanoceria pretreatment increased the mRNA levels of genes regulating the cellular antioxidant defense system (SOD2, MnSOD, CAT) in Ang II-treated cells. Furthermore, nanoceria restored mitochondrial function by decreasing mitochondrial ROS, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and promoting the mRNA expression of genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, TFAM, NRF1, and SIRT3) and mitochondrial fusion (MFN2, OPA1). Collectively, these findings demonstrate the protective effects of nanoceria against Ang II-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and pathological hypertrophy in H9c2 cells.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704216-9
    ISSN 2076-3921
    ISSN 2076-3921
    DOI 10.3390/antiox12040877
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  4. Article ; Online: MANAGEMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

    Fouzia Gul / Razia Bibi / Saadia Shamsher / Shandana Bawar / Rukhsana karim

    Khyber Medical University Journal, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 20-

    AN INSIGHT INTO EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AMONG POSTGRADUATE TRAINEES OF OBSTETRICS AND MEDICINE DISCIPLINES

    2023  Volume 5

    Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the discrepancies regarding screening, diagnosis & management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among postgraduate trainees of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (OBG) and Medicine disciplines. METHODS: This multicentre cross-sectional ... ...

    Abstract OBJECTIVE: To explore the discrepancies regarding screening, diagnosis & management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among postgraduate trainees of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (OBG) and Medicine disciplines. METHODS: This multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st to 31st August 2022. The questionnaire regarding screening, diagnosis, management of GDM, & postnatal follow-up with neonatal care were distributed among postgraduate trainees of medicine/OBG through google-form/hardcopies. Data was analysed through SPSS-22 RESULTS: Out of 236 trainees, 184 (78%) were following national institute of clinical excellence (NICE) guidelines for management of GDM. Majority of medicine (n=87/120 (72.5%) & OBG (n=76/116; 65.5%) trainees failed to identify the correct cut-off of oral glucose tolerance test for GDM. A big chunk of both OBG (n=93/116; 80.2%) & Medicine (n=96/120; 80%) trainees were unable to differentiate pre-existing diabetes mellitus from GDM. The clinical knowledge about carbohydrate diet (n=119/236; 50.4%), calories intake (103/236; 43.6%) & low glycaemic index (138/236; 58.5%) was poor among trainees of both specialities. Surprisingly, the medicine trainee’s knowledge about insulin types, dose & tocolytic agent was not evidence-based. The practicing knowledge of both specialities was poor about identification of neonatal hypoglycemia (n=30/236; 12.7%) & its management (n=47; 19.9%). Trainees of both specialities had poor knowledge about postnatal follow-up (n=64/236; 27.1%) of GDM patients. CONCLUSION: GDM is a common domain for OBG & medicine disciplines with no consensus guidelines for its uniform management. This study has identified some basic gaps in the clinical practice of future consultants regarding GDM management, urging the need of combined local guidelines.
    Keywords pregnancy in diabetics ; guideline ; evidence-based practice ; diabetes ; gestational ; pakistan ; khyber pakhtunkhwa ; postgraduate trainees ; obstetrics and gynecology department ; hospital ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Khyber Medical University
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Inhibition of eNOS Partially Blunts the Beneficial Effects of Nebivolol on Angiotensin II-Induced Signaling in H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts.

    Gul, Rukhsana / Alsalman, Nouf / Alfadda, Assim A

    Current issues in molecular biology

    2022  Volume 44, Issue 5, Page(s) 2139–2152

    Abstract: We have recently illustrated that nebivolol can inhibit angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated signaling in cardiomyoblasts; however, to date, the detailed mechanism for the beneficial effects of nebivolol has not been studied. Here, we investigated whether ... ...

    Abstract We have recently illustrated that nebivolol can inhibit angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated signaling in cardiomyoblasts; however, to date, the detailed mechanism for the beneficial effects of nebivolol has not been studied. Here, we investigated whether the inhibition of NO bioavailability by blocking eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) using L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) would attenuate nebivolol-mediated favorable effects on Ang II-evoked signaling in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Our data reveal that the nebivolol-mediated antagonistic effects on Ang II-induced oxidative stress were retreated by concurrent pretreatment with L-NAME and nebivolol. Similarly, the expressions of pro-inflammatory markers TNF-α and iNOS stimulated by Ang II were not decreased with the combination of nebivolol plus L-NAME. In contrast, the nebivolol-induced reduction in the Ang II-triggered mTORC1 pathway and the mRNA levels of hypertrophic markers ANP, BNP, and β-MHC were not reversed with the addition of L-NAME to nebivolol. In compliance with these data, the inhibition of eNOS by L-N⁵-(1-Iminoethyl) ornithine (LNIO) and its upstream regulator AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) with compound C in the presence of nebivolol showed effects similar to those of the L-NAME plus nebivolol combination on Ang II-mediated signaling. Pretreatment with either compound C plus nebivolol or LNIO plus nebivolol showed similar effects to those of the L-NAME plus nebivolol combination on Ang II-mediated signaling. In conclusion, our data indicate that the rise in NO bioavailability caused by nebivolol via the stimulation of AMPK/eNOS signaling is key for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties but not for its antihypertrophic response upon Ang II stimulation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2000024-8
    ISSN 1467-3045 ; 1467-3037
    ISSN (online) 1467-3045
    ISSN 1467-3037
    DOI 10.3390/cimb44050144
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  6. Article ; Online: Inhibition of eNOS Partially Blunts the Beneficial Effects of Nebivolol on Angiotensin II-Induced Signaling in H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts

    Rukhsana Gul / Nouf Alsalman / Assim A. Alfadda

    Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Vol 44, Iss 144, Pp 2139-

    2022  Volume 2152

    Abstract: We have recently illustrated that nebivolol can inhibit angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated signaling in cardiomyoblasts; however, to date, the detailed mechanism for the beneficial effects of nebivolol has not been studied. Here, we investigated whether ... ...

    Abstract We have recently illustrated that nebivolol can inhibit angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated signaling in cardiomyoblasts; however, to date, the detailed mechanism for the beneficial effects of nebivolol has not been studied. Here, we investigated whether the inhibition of NO bioavailability by blocking eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) using L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) would attenuate nebivolol-mediated favorable effects on Ang II-evoked signaling in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Our data reveal that the nebivolol-mediated antagonistic effects on Ang II-induced oxidative stress were retreated by concurrent pretreatment with L-NAME and nebivolol. Similarly, the expressions of pro-inflammatory markers TNF-α and iNOS stimulated by Ang II were not decreased with the combination of nebivolol plus L-NAME. In contrast, the nebivolol-induced reduction in the Ang II-triggered mTORC1 pathway and the mRNA levels of hypertrophic markers ANP, BNP, and β-MHC were not reversed with the addition of L-NAME to nebivolol. In compliance with these data, the inhibition of eNOS by L-N⁵-(1-Iminoethyl) ornithine (LNIO) and its upstream regulator AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) with compound C in the presence of nebivolol showed effects similar to those of the L-NAME plus nebivolol combination on Ang II-mediated signaling. Pretreatment with either compound C plus nebivolol or LNIO plus nebivolol showed similar effects to those of the L-NAME plus nebivolol combination on Ang II-mediated signaling. In conclusion, our data indicate that the rise in NO bioavailability caused by nebivolol via the stimulation of AMPK/eNOS signaling is key for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties but not for its antihypertrophic response upon Ang II stimulation.
    Keywords reactive oxygen species ; nitric oxide ; nebivolol ; angiotensin II ; H9c2 cardiomyoblasts ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 500
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Evaluation of the Anxiolytic and Anti-Epileptogenic Potential of

    Ullah, Muhammad Ihsan / Anwar, Rukhsana / Kamran, Shahzad / Gul, Bazgha / Elhady, Sameh S / Youssef, Fadia S

    Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 11

    Abstract: This study aimed to assess the potential ... ...

    Abstract This study aimed to assess the potential of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704216-9
    ISSN 2076-3921
    ISSN 2076-3921
    DOI 10.3390/antiox11112232
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  8. Article ; Online: Assessment of in vivo antiepileptic potential and phytochemical analysis of Cassia absus seed extracts

    Muhammad Ihsan Ullah / Rukhsana Anwar / Mahnoor Zia / Bazgha Gul / Shahzad Kamran / Sairah Hafeez Kamran

    Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 4, Pp e14660- (2023)

    2023  

    Abstract: Cassia absus, a member of Fabaceae family, has been a part of traditional medicine for various ailments such as Hypertension, Diabetes, and Cancer. This family of plants has been utilized for Anticonvulsant and Anxiolytic effects. The ongoing ... ...

    Abstract Cassia absus, a member of Fabaceae family, has been a part of traditional medicine for various ailments such as Hypertension, Diabetes, and Cancer. This family of plants has been utilized for Anticonvulsant and Anxiolytic effects. The ongoing investigation is aimed to seek the antiepileptic potential of C. absus seed extracts in pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling mice. The seeds of C. absus were subjected to a sequential extraction process for the preparation of n-hexane, chloroform, methanol, and aqueous extracts. The PTZ-induced kindling model was employed to assess the antiepileptic activity of each extract. Seizure activity and antioxidant biomarkers in the brain tissue such as levels of CAT, SOD, tGSH, and MDA were assessed. Mechanism of action was elucidated by Flumazenil. Through GC-MS analysis, the phytochemical components in the chloroform extract of C. absus were evaluated.The outcomes showed that C. absus extracts markedly reduced the seizure activity in kindling mice. The extracts exhibited significant Antioxidant properties by enhancing the levels of antioxidant biomarkers in the brain tissue such as CAT, SOD, and tGSH, and decreasing the MDA level. The results demonstrated that C. absus extracts showed antiepileptic effects may be via GABA pathway.According to the results of this investigation, C. absus has significant antiepileptic potential in PTZ-induced kindling mice via GABA pathway modulation and combating reactive oxygen species.
    Keywords Cassia absus ; Epilepsy ; Pentylenetetrazole ; Malondialdehyde ; GABA ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Attenuation of CFA-induced arthritis through regulation of inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant mechanisms by Solanum nigrum L. leaves extracts.

    Gul, Bazgha / Anwar, Rukhsana / Saleem, Mohammad / Ahmad, Mobasher / Ullah, Muhammad Ihsan / Kamran, Shahzad

    Inflammopharmacology

    2023  Volume 31, Issue 6, Page(s) 3281–3301

    Abstract: Solanum nigrum L. is a popular traditional medicine for various inflammatory conditions including rheumatism and joint pain. The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic mechanism of Solanum nigrum L. Four extracts were prepared using n-hexane, ...

    Abstract Solanum nigrum L. is a popular traditional medicine for various inflammatory conditions including rheumatism and joint pain. The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic mechanism of Solanum nigrum L. Four extracts were prepared using n-hexane, methanol, chloroform, and water. The anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity was carried out with 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg body wt. PO of each extract by the hot plate and carrageenan-induced paw oedema methods, respectively. The anti-arthritic study was performed with chloroform and aqueous extracts (300 mg/kg) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis. Paw size (mm), ankle joint diameter (mm), and latency time (sec) were recorded on day 0 and every 4th day till 28 days. The hematological, inflammatory, and oxidative biomarkers were estimated. Results showed that significant analgesia (p < 0.05) and reduction in paw inflammation were achieved with all extracts. The highest percent inhibition in Carrageenan-induced inflammation was achieved with 300 mg/kg of chloroform (72.19%) and aqueous (71.30%) extracts, respectively. In the CFA model, both extracts showed a significant reduction in paw size and ankle joint diameter (p < 0.05). The RT-qPCR analysis revealed the upregulation of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10, and down-expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, cycloxygenase-2, nuclear factor-κB, prostaglandin E synthase 2, and interferon-γ. A significant increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione levels was observed. Hence, it is concluded that Solanum nigrum L. leaf extracts regulate the expression of inflammatory markers and improve oxidative stress resulting in the attenuation of CFA-induced arthritis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Carrageenan ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Solanum nigrum/metabolism ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Freund's Adjuvant ; Chloroform/adverse effects ; Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced ; Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Experimental/pathology ; Inflammation/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; Carrageenan (9000-07-1) ; Antioxidants ; Plant Extracts ; Freund's Adjuvant (9007-81-2) ; Chloroform (7V31YC746X)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1080058-x
    ISSN 1568-5608 ; 0925-4692
    ISSN (online) 1568-5608
    ISSN 0925-4692
    DOI 10.1007/s10787-023-01357-z
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  10. Article ; Online: Cassia absus-mediated upregulation of IL-4, IL-10 and downregulation of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF- α, NF-κB, IFN-γ in CFA-induced arthritis model.

    Gul, Bazgha / Anwar, Rukhsana / Saleem, Mohammad / Noor, Afifa / Ullah, Muhammad Ihsan

    Inflammopharmacology

    2023  Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 1241–1256

    Abstract: Traditional use of Cassia absus as an anti-inflammatory in conjunctivitis and bronchitis is well reported. Owing to its anti-inflammatory potential, the current study appraised in vivo anti-arthritic activity of n-hexane and aqueous extracts of Cassia ... ...

    Abstract Traditional use of Cassia absus as an anti-inflammatory in conjunctivitis and bronchitis is well reported. Owing to its anti-inflammatory potential, the current study appraised in vivo anti-arthritic activity of n-hexane and aqueous extracts of Cassia absus seeds (200 mg/kg) using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) rat model of arthritis. Changes in paw size (mm), joint diameter (mm), and pain response (sec) were recorded at the baseline and then after CFA induction at the interval of 4 days till the 28th day. Blood samples of anesthetized rats were collected for the estimation of hematological, oxidative, and inflammatory biomarkers. Results showed percent inhibition in paw edema (45.09% and 60.79%) with both n-hexane and aqueous extracts, respectively. Significant reduction in paw size and ankle joint diameter (P < 0.01) was seen in extracts treated rats. Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate, C-Reactive Protein, White Blood Cell levels significantly lowered, and Hemoglobin, Platelets and Red Blood Cell count significantly increased post-treatments. Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, and Glutathione were significantly improved (P < 0.0001) in treated groups as compared to CFA induced arthritic control. Real-time polymerase chain reaction investigation showed significant downregulation (P < 0.05) of Interleukin-1β, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-6, Cycloxygenase-2, Nuclear Factor-κB, Prostaglandin E Synthase 2, Interferon Gamma and upregulation of Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10 in both n-hexane and aqueous extract-treated groups. It is thereby concluded that Cassia absus can significantly attenuate CFA-induced arthritis by modulation of oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers.
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Animals ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism ; Freund's Adjuvant/pharmacology ; Interleukin-10/metabolism ; Interleukin-4/metabolism ; Cassia/metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; Down-Regulation ; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/therapeutic use ; Interferon-gamma/metabolism ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Biomarkers ; Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced ; Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Interleukin-6 ; NF-kappa B ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; n-hexane (2DDG612ED8) ; Freund's Adjuvant (9007-81-2) ; Interleukin-10 (130068-27-8) ; Interleukin-4 (207137-56-2) ; Interleukin-1beta ; Plant Extracts ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6) ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1080058-x
    ISSN 1568-5608 ; 0925-4692
    ISSN (online) 1568-5608
    ISSN 0925-4692
    DOI 10.1007/s10787-023-01185-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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