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Article ; Online: The Optimal Dietary Calcium Intake for Preventing Incident and Recurrent Symptomatic Kidney Stone Disease.

Ticinesi, Andrea / Nouvenne, Antonio / Meschi, Tiziana

2022 Volume 97, Issue 8, Page(s) 1416–1418

MeSH term(s)	Calcium ; Calcium, Dietary ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi/prevention & control ; Sodium, Dietary
Chemical Substances	Calcium, Dietary ; Sodium, Dietary ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	124027-4
ISSN	1942-5546 ; 0025-6196
ISSN (online)	1942-5546
ISSN	0025-6196
DOI	10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.06.024
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Article ; Online: The interaction between Mediterranean diet and intestinal microbiome: relevance for preventive strategies against frailty in older individuals.

Ticinesi, Andrea / Nouvenne, Antonio / Cerundolo, Nicoletta / Parise, Alberto / Mena, Pedro / Meschi, Tiziana

Aging clinical and experimental research

2024 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 58

Abstract: Age-related changes in intestinal microbiome composition and function are increasingly recognized as pivotal in the pathophysiology of aging and are associated with the aging phenotype. Diet is a major determinant of gut-microbiota composition throughout ...

Abstract	Age-related changes in intestinal microbiome composition and function are increasingly recognized as pivotal in the pathophysiology of aging and are associated with the aging phenotype. Diet is a major determinant of gut-microbiota composition throughout the entire lifespan, and several of the benefits of a healthy diet in aging could be mediated by the microbiome. Mediterranean diet (MD) is a traditional dietary pattern regarded as the healthy diet paradigm, and a large number of studies have demonstrated its benefits in promoting healthy aging. MD has also a positive modulatory effect on intestinal microbiome, favoring bacterial taxa involved in the synthesis of several bioactive compounds, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), that counteract inflammation, anabolic resistance, and tissue degeneration. Intervention studies conducted in older populations have suggested that the individual response of older subjects to MD, in terms of reduction of frailty scores and amelioration of cognitive function, is significantly mediated by the gut-microbiota composition and functionality. In this context, the pathophysiology of intestinal microbiome in aging should be considered when designing MD-based interventions tailored to the needs of geriatric patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Diet, Mediterranean ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Frailty/prevention & control ; Aging ; Longevity
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2104785-6
ISSN	1720-8319 ; 1594-0667
ISSN (online)	1720-8319
ISSN	1594-0667
DOI	10.1007/s40520-024-02707-9
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Article ; Online: Accounting Gut Microbiota as the Mediator of Beneficial Effects of Dietary (Poly)phenols on Skeletal Muscle in Aging.

Ticinesi, Andrea / Nouvenne, Antonio / Cerundolo, Nicoletta / Parise, Alberto / Meschi, Tiziana

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 10

Abstract: Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and function increasing the risk of disability and adverse outcomes in older people, is substantially influenced by dietary habits. Several studies from animal models of aging and muscle wasting indicate ... ...

Abstract	Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and function increasing the risk of disability and adverse outcomes in older people, is substantially influenced by dietary habits. Several studies from animal models of aging and muscle wasting indicate that the intake of specific polyphenol compounds can be associated with myoprotective effects, and improvements in muscle strength and performance. Such findings have also been confirmed in a smaller number of human studies. However, in the gut lumen, dietary polyphenols undergo extensive biotransformation by gut microbiota into a wide range of bioactive compounds, which substantially contribute to bioactivity on skeletal muscle. Thus, the beneficial effects of polyphenols may consistently vary across individuals, depending on the composition and metabolic functionality of gut bacterial communities. The understanding of such variability has recently been improved. For example, resveratrol and urolithin interaction with the microbiota can produce different biological effects according to the microbiota metabotype. In older individuals, the gut microbiota is frequently characterized by dysbiosis, overrepresentation of opportunistic pathogens, and increased inter-individual variability, which may contribute to increasing the variability of biological actions of phenolic compounds at the skeletal muscle level. These interactions should be taken into great consideration for designing effective nutritional strategies to counteract sarcopenia.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Aged ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Phenols/pharmacology ; Sarcopenia ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Aging/physiology ; Polyphenols/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Phenols ; Polyphenols
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15102367
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Article ; Online: Disentangling the Complexity of Nutrition, Frailty and Gut Microbial Pathways during Aging: A Focus on Hippuric Acid.

Ticinesi, Andrea / Guerra, Angela / Nouvenne, Antonio / Meschi, Tiziana / Maggi, Stefania

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 5

Abstract: Hippuric acid (HA) is a metabolite resulting from the hepatic glycine conjugation of benzoic acid (BA) or from the gut bacterial metabolism of phenylalanine. BA is generally produced by gut microbial metabolic pathways after the ingestion of foods of ... ...

Abstract	Hippuric acid (HA) is a metabolite resulting from the hepatic glycine conjugation of benzoic acid (BA) or from the gut bacterial metabolism of phenylalanine. BA is generally produced by gut microbial metabolic pathways after the ingestion of foods of vegetal origin rich in polyphenolic compounds, namely, chlorogenic acids or epicatechins. It can also be present in foods, either naturally or artificially added as a preservative. The plasma and urine HA levels have been used in nutritional research for estimating the habitual fruit and vegetable intake, especially in children and in patients with metabolic diseases. HA has also been proposed as a biomarker of aging, since its levels in the plasma and urine can be influenced by the presence of several age-related conditions, including frailty, sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. Subjects with physical frailty generally exhibit reduced plasma and urine levels of HA, despite the fact that HA excretion tends to increase with aging. Conversely, subjects with chronic kidney disease exhibit reduced HA clearance, with HA retention that may exert toxic effects on the circulation, brain and kidneys. With regard to older patients with frailty and multimorbidity, interpreting the HA levels in the plasma and urine may result particularly challenging because HA is at the crossroads between diet, gut microbiota, liver and kidney function. Although these considerations may not make HA the ideal biomarker of aging trajectories, the study of its metabolism and clearance in older subjects may provide valuable information for disentangling the complex interaction between diet, gut microbiota, frailty and multimorbidity.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Aged ; Frailty ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Aging ; Biomarkers
Chemical Substances	hippuric acid (TE0865N2ET) ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15051138
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Article ; Online: The possible role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathophysiology of delirium in older persons.

Ticinesi, Andrea / Parise, Alberto / Nouvenne, Antonio / Cerundolo, Nicoletta / Prati, Beatrice / Meschi, Tiziana

Microbiome research reports

2023 Volume 2, Issue 3, Page(s) 19

Abstract: Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterized by an acute change in attention, awareness and cognition with fluctuating course, frequently observed in older patients during hospitalization for acute medical illness or after surgery. Its pathogenesis is ... ...

Abstract	Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterized by an acute change in attention, awareness and cognition with fluctuating course, frequently observed in older patients during hospitalization for acute medical illness or after surgery. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial and still not completely understood, but there is general consensus on the fact that it results from the interaction between an underlying predisposition, such as neurodegenerative diseases, and an acute stressor acting as a trigger, such as infection or anesthesia. Alterations in brain insulin sensitivity and metabolic function, increased blood-brain barrier permeability, neurotransmitter imbalances, abnormal microglial activation and neuroinflammation have all been involved in the pathophysiology of delirium. Interestingly, all these mechanisms can be regulated by the gut microbiota, as demonstrated in experimental studies investigating the microbiota-gut-brain axis in dementia. Aging is also associated with profound changes in gut microbiota composition and functions, which can influence several aspects of disease pathophysiology in the host. This review provides an overview of the emerging evidence linking age-related gut microbiota dysbiosis with delirium, opening new perspectives for the microbiota as a possible target of interventions aimed at delirium prevention and treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2771-5965
ISSN (online)	2771-5965
DOI	10.20517/mrr.2023.15
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Article: Factors associated with delirium in a real-world acute-care setting: analysis considering the interdependence of clinical variables with the frailty syndrome.

Ticinesi, Andrea / Parise, Alberto / Delmonte, Davide / Coppi, Chiara / Prati, Beatrice / Cerundolo, Nicoletta / Guerra, Angela / Nouvenne, Antonio / Meschi, Tiziana

European geriatric medicine

2024 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 411–421

Abstract: Purpose: Delirium risk assessment in the acute-care setting generally does not account for frailty. The objective of this retrospective study was to identify factors associated with delirium, considering the interdependency of clinical variables with ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Delirium risk assessment in the acute-care setting generally does not account for frailty. The objective of this retrospective study was to identify factors associated with delirium, considering the interdependency of clinical variables with frailty syndrome in complex older patients. Methods: The clinical records of 587 participants (248 M, median age 84) were reviewed, collecting clinical, anamnestic and pharmacological data. Frailty syndrome was assessed with the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Delirium was the main study endpoint. The correlations of the considered anamnestic and clinical variables with delirium and its subtypes were investigated selecting only those variables not showing a high overlap with frailty. Correlations associated with a 25% excess of frequency of delirium in comparison with the average of the population were considered as statistically significant. Results: Delirium was detected in 117 (20%) participants. The presence of one among age > 85 years old, CFS > 4 and invasive devices explained 95% of delirium cases. The main factors maximizing delirium incidence at the individual level were dementia, other psychiatric illness, chronic antipsychotic treatment, and invasive devices. The coexistence of three of these parameters was associated with a peak frequency of delirium, ranging from 57 to 61%, mostly hypoactive forms. Conclusions: In acute-care wards, frailty exhibited a strong association with delirium during hospitalization, while at the individual level, dementia and the use of antipsychotics remained important risk factors. Modern clinical prediction tools for delirium should account for frailty syndrome.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Frailty/complications ; Frailty/diagnosis ; Frailty/epidemiology ; Frail Elderly ; Retrospective Studies ; Delirium/epidemiology ; Geriatric Assessment ; Dementia/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2556794-9
ISSN	1878-7657 ; 1878-7649
ISSN (online)	1878-7657
ISSN	1878-7649
DOI	10.1007/s41999-024-00934-x
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Article ; Online: Statins Effects on Blood Clotting: A Review.

Siniscalchi, Carmine / Basaglia, Manuela / Riva, Michele / Meschi, Michele / Meschi, Tiziana / Castaldo, Giampiero / Di Micco, Pierpaolo

Cells

2023 Volume 12, Issue 23

Abstract: Statins are powerful lipid-lowering drugs that inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis via downregulation of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase, which are largely used in patients with or at risk of cardiovascular disease. Available data on ... ...

Abstract	Statins are powerful lipid-lowering drugs that inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis via downregulation of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase, which are largely used in patients with or at risk of cardiovascular disease. Available data on thromboembolic disease include primary and secondary prevention as well as bleeding and mortality rates in statin users during anticoagulation for VTE. Experimental studies indicate that statins alter blood clotting at various levels. Statins produce anticoagulant effects via downregulation of tissue factor expression and enhanced endothelial thrombomodulin expression resulting in reduced thrombin generation. Statins impair fibrinogen cleavage and reduce thrombin generation. A reduction of factor V and factor XIII activation has been observed in patients treated with statins. It is postulated that the mechanisms involved are downregulation of factor V and activated factor V, modulation of the protein C pathway and alteration of the tissue factor pathway inhibitor. Clinical and experimental studies have shown that statins exert antiplatelet effects through early and delayed inhibition of platelet activation, adhesion and aggregation. It has been postulated that statin-induced anticoagulant effects can explain, at least partially, a reduction in primary and secondary VTE and death. Evidence supporting the use of statins for prevention of arterial thrombosis-related cardiovascular events is robust, but their role in VTE remains to be further elucidated. In this review, we present biological evidence and experimental data supporting the ability of statins to directly interfere with the clotting system.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Thrombin/pharmacology ; Venous Thromboembolism/drug therapy ; Factor V/pharmacology ; Factor V/therapeutic use ; Blood Coagulation ; Thrombosis/drug therapy ; Anticoagulants/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5) ; Factor V (9001-24-5) ; Anticoagulants
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells12232719
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Article ; Online: Defining SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection needing hospitalization in mass vaccination era: from disease-centered to patient-centered care.

Ticinesi, Andrea / Nouvenne, Antonio / Parise, Alberto / Prati, Beatrice / Meschi, Tiziana

Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis

2022 Volume 93, Issue 2, Page(s) e2022182

Abstract: After the implementation of mass vaccination campaigns, breakthrough infections by SARS-CoV-2 are being increasingly observed worldwide, due to high pervasiveness of viral spread, emergence of novel variants, progressive ease of restrictive measures and ... ...

Abstract	After the implementation of mass vaccination campaigns, breakthrough infections by SARS-CoV-2 are being increasingly observed worldwide, due to high pervasiveness of viral spread, emergence of novel variants, progressive ease of restrictive measures and waning protection against infection. Although breakthrough infections have generally lower clinical severity than COVID-19 in unvaccinated subjects, a consistent number of patients may still require hospitalization. These patients are generally old, frail and with a high number of comorbidities. Despite COVID-19-related symptoms are generally milder, they may still exhibit complicated clinical course for their intrinsic clinical complexity. The organization of hospital care should thus consider the changing epidemiology of patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the post-vaccine era, to improve the quality and appropriateness of care.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Mass Vaccination ; Patient-Centered Care ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-11
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2114240-3
ISSN	2531-6745 ; 0392-4203
ISSN (online)	2531-6745
ISSN	0392-4203
DOI	10.23750/abm.v93i2.12717
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Article: Birth of a new Journal section on Emergency Medicine.

Cervellin, Gianfranco / Meschi, Tiziana

Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis

2018 Volume 88, Issue 4, Page(s) 391–392

Abstract: Not available. ...

Abstract	Not available.
MeSH term(s)	Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Periodicals as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-16
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2114240-3
ISSN	0392-4203
ISSN	0392-4203
DOI	10.23750/abm.v88i4.7001
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Article: Pulmonary Sarcoidosis Presenting with Miliary Opacities.

Arar, Omar / Boni, Fabrizio / Meschi, Tiziana / Tana, Claudio

Current medical imaging reviews

2020 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 81–83

Abstract: Background: Lung lesions often appear in patients with sarcoidosis; however, miliary opacities are rare. We present the case of a 55-year-old Indian man who presented with dyspnea and low-grade fever.: Discussion: Miliary Tuberculosis (TB) was ... ...

Abstract	Background: Lung lesions often appear in patients with sarcoidosis; however, miliary opacities are rare. We present the case of a 55-year-old Indian man who presented with dyspnea and low-grade fever. Discussion: Miliary Tuberculosis (TB) was initially suspected, despite the direct microscopic examination from bronchoalveolar lavage was negative for acid-fast bacilli because imaging showed miliary opacities, and transbronchial lung biopsy revealed the presence of typical caseating granulomas. Antitubercular treatment with the classic four-drug regimen was initiated. However, the patient did not improve and cultures were negative for Mycobacterium growth. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made only after a negative culture and clinical and histopathological re-evaluation of the case. Conclusion: Although miliary sarcoidosis is rare, physicians should consider sarcoidosis in the differential diagnosis with conditions like tuberculosis, malignancy, and pneumoconiosis when patients present with miliary opacities who do not respond to the traditional treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Diagnosis, Differential ; Dyspnea/diagnosis ; Fever/diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Miliary/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-24
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Case Reports
DOI	10.2174/1573405614666180806141415
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