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  1. Article ; Online: KPC-2 and VIM-1 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST39 high-risk clone isolated from a clinical sample in Volos, Greece.

    Chatzidimitriou, Maria / Tsolakidou, Pandora / Panagiota, Chatzivasileiou / Mylona, Eleni / Mitka, Stella

    Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica

    2024  Volume 71, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–51

    Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major human pathogen, because it causes both community- and hospital-acquired infections. Several multidrug-resistant high-risk clones of K. pneumoniae have been reported worldwide, and these are responsible for high numbers of ...

    Abstract Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major human pathogen, because it causes both community- and hospital-acquired infections. Several multidrug-resistant high-risk clones of K. pneumoniae have been reported worldwide, and these are responsible for high numbers of difficult-to-treat infections. In Greece, a K. pneumoniae ST39 high-risk clone was detected in 2019 in a survey of carbapenem- and/or colistin-resistant Enterobacteriacae. The present study included nine carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates collected during a retrospective analysis from October 2020 to December 2020. They were isolated from nine different patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a hospital in Volos, Greece, and they were selected for analysis due to their phenotypic profile. In this study, we analyzed A165 strain K. pneumoniae ST39 isolated from a blood culture in November 2020. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed using Ion Torrent Platform, and resistance genes, virulence determinants, capsular types, insertion sequences, phage regions, and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) regions were detected by bioinformatic analysis. The molecular characterization revealed antimicrobial resistance genes, including sul2 for sulfamethoxazole; dfrA1 for trimethoprim; blaVIM-1 and blaKPC-2 for carbapenems; aac(6')-II for aminoglycosides; fosA for fosfomycin and aad1 for streptomycin, blaSHV-40, blaSHV-85, blaSHV-79, blaSHV-56, and blaSHV-89 for beta-lactams. Point mutations were identified in ompK36, and ompK37 and in acrR, gyrA, parC. Several replicons were found, including CoIRNA, IncC, IncFIB(K), IncFIB(pQiL), and IncFII(K). The capsular typing revealed that the strain was KL23, O2afg. The genome sequence of A165 was submitted to NCBI under PRJNA1074377 and have been assigned to Genbank accession number JAZIBV000000000.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; beta-Lactamases/genetics ; Carbapenems/pharmacology ; Clone Cells ; Greece ; Klebsiella Infections/microbiology ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Proteins ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Carbapenems
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-07
    Publishing country Hungary
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 918256-1
    ISSN 1588-2640 ; 1217-8950
    ISSN (online) 1588-2640
    ISSN 1217-8950
    DOI 10.1556/030.2024.02226
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management Standard

    Fotis Kitsios / Elpiniki Chatzidimitriou / Maria Kamariotou

    Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 5828, p

    How to Extract Value from Data in the IT Sector

    2023  Volume 5828

    Abstract: In order to handle their regulatory and legal responsibilities and to retain trustworthy strategic partnerships, enterprises need to be dedicated to guaranteeing the privacy, accessibility, and authenticity of the data at their disposal. Companies can ... ...

    Abstract In order to handle their regulatory and legal responsibilities and to retain trustworthy strategic partnerships, enterprises need to be dedicated to guaranteeing the privacy, accessibility, and authenticity of the data at their disposal. Companies can become more resilient in the face of information security threats and cyberattacks by effectively integrating security strategies. The goal of this article is to describe a plan that a corporation has implemented in the information technology industry in order to ensure compliance with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 27001. This research demonstrates an examination of the reasons that force enterprises to make a investment in ISO 27001 in addition to the incentives that might be acquired from having undergone this process. In addition, the research examines the reasons that push firms to make an investment in ISO 27001. More particularly, the research investigates an international IT consulting services institution that is responsible for the implementation of large-scale business assistance insertion and projects. It demonstrates the risk management framework and the administrative structure of the appropriate situations so that its procedures are adequate and also in line with the guidelines founded by ISO 27001. In conclusion, it discusses the problems and difficulties that were experienced.
    Keywords strategy ; ISO 27001 ; information security ; IT sector ; impact assessment ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 650
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Balkans: Clonal distribution and associated resistance determinants.

    Chatzidimitriou, Maria / Kavvada, Asimoula / Kavvadas, Dimitrios / Kyriazidi, Maria Anna / Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos / Varlamis, Sotirios / Papaliagkas, Vassilis / Mitka, Stella

    Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica

    2024  Volume 71, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–24

    Abstract: Carbapenems are considered to be among the last line antibiotics against extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has been frequently reported and its spread in Europe is indisputable and ...

    Abstract Carbapenems are considered to be among the last line antibiotics against extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has been frequently reported and its spread in Europe is indisputable and poses an enormous threat to hospitalized patients which is of growing concern. This review aims to record prevalence of CRKP in the Balkan region and to review the current knowledge about this life-threatening pathogen. In this review, we summarize data about clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae from Greece, Croatia, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Albania from published reports between 2000 and 2023. Among Balkan countries, Greece and Romania are the ones with the most reports about CRKP. Since 2007, KPCs are the dominant carbapenemases in both countries. KPC-2 and NDM-1-producing K. pneumoniae strains have been identified as the most frequent CRKP in Croatia, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Slovenia. OXA-48 enzyme has been identified in most Balkan countries. In addition, since 2018, CRKP sequence type 11 (ST11) seems to have replaced ST258 in Balkan Peninsula, while ST15 continues to thrive throughout the years. Not only efficacy of colistin against CRKP has decreased dramatically during the last ten years but colistin resistance mechanism is based on alterations of chromosomal mgrB gene, rather than the already known mcr genes.Moreover, ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant CRKP were detected mostly in Greece. Emergence of CRKP poses a severe threat to the Balkan countries. Due to the narrow therapeutic window, it is essential to prevent the spread of multiresistant K. pneumoniae strains.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Colistin ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Balkan Peninsula/epidemiology ; Klebsiella Infections/epidemiology ; Klebsiella Infections/drug therapy ; beta-Lactamases/genetics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Carbapenems/pharmacology ; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
    Chemical Substances Colistin (Z67X93HJG1) ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Carbapenems
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country Hungary
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 918256-1
    ISSN 1588-2640 ; 1217-8950
    ISSN (online) 1588-2640
    ISSN 1217-8950
    DOI 10.1556/030.2024.02230
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: mcr Genes Conferring Colistin Resistance in Enterobacterales; a Five Year Overview.

    Chatzidimitriou, Maria / Kavvada, Asimoula / Kavvadas, Dimitrios / Kyriazidi, Maria Anna / Meletis, Georgios / Chatzopoulou, Fani / Chatzidimitriou, Dimitrios

    Acta medica academica

    2022  Volume 50, Issue 3, Page(s) 365–371

    Abstract: The present review aims to study and detect the global emergence of mcr genes in E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp., isolates from human specimens over the last six years. Nowadays the rise of multidrug-resistant superbugs has made essential the ... ...

    Abstract The present review aims to study and detect the global emergence of mcr genes in E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp., isolates from human specimens over the last six years. Nowadays the rise of multidrug-resistant superbugs has made essential the return of drugs that were previously abandoned. A clear example is colistin, which acts against multidrug - resistant gram - negative pathogens, including Enterobacterales. Colistin resistance is an unfortunate fact, with the emergence of mcr genes conferring resistance to colistin in Enterobacterales posing the most recent threat. Literature about mcr genes and their spread in E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp. is cited, focusing on the emergence of mcr genes in human specimens since 2015. The data were taken from the PubMed and Scopus databases. It seems that the mcr-1 gene continues to be the protagonist among the three species. E. coli is the dominant species harbouring mcr genes. Moreover, plasmid - mediated colistin resistance is also conferred upon other species that carry different genes resistant to antibiotics. There are only scarse reports on human Salmonella spp isolates harbouring mcr genes. Finally, the emergence of the mcr-9 gene in all of them is quite remarkable. CONCLUSION: Plasmid - mediated colistin resistance in Enterobacterales is a global issue and has been worsening over the years. The continuous mutations of mcr gene subtypes underline the need for better surveillance, constant investigation and wise use of colistin, especially in countries with high levels of antibiotic resistance.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Colistin/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; MCR-1 protein, E coli ; Colistin (Z67X93HJG1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-14
    Publishing country Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2558604-X
    ISSN 1840-2879 ; 1840-2879
    ISSN (online) 1840-2879
    ISSN 1840-2879
    DOI 10.5644/ama2006-124.355
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Levels among University Students: Three Years from the Beginning of the Pandemic.

    Kavvadas, Dimitrios / Kavvada, Asimoula / Karachrysafi, Sofia / Papaliagkas, Vasileios / Chatzidimitriou, Maria / Papamitsou, Theodora

    Clinics and practice

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 596–609

    Abstract: Background: Three years after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, psychological distress among college students remains increased. This study assesses stress, anxiety, and depression levels among students of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki ... ...

    Abstract Background: Three years after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, psychological distress among college students remains increased. This study assesses stress, anxiety, and depression levels among students of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki by the end of the third year of the pandemic (November 2022), revealing demographic characteristics and probable stressors.
    Methods: A questionnaire was distributed in November 2022 via the academic students' e-mails. The evaluation was performed with the DASS21 survey tool. The correlation analysis and the effect size calculation were performed with the
    Results: The majority of participants were undergraduates, on their first or second academic year, female students (67%), age of 18 to 21, unmarried or single (91%), and vaccinated against COVID-19 infection (83.4%). Severely increased levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (21.3%, 23.3%, and 25.1%, respectively) were measured. The normal and mild levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were 64.0%, 66.5%, and 57.2%, respectively. Female and younger students were at a higher risk of extremely severe stress, anxiety and depression prevalence (ORs up to 2.07,
    Conclusions: Despite the undeniable withdrawal of the COVID-19 pandemic, the community of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki presents high stress, anxiety, and depression levels, similar to those reported during the first year of the pandemic (November 2020). Stressors and risk factors were according to the reported literature and previous studies on Greek students. Academic psychological support offices should consider the students' "profile" in order to evaluate properly the potential risk for emotional and psychological distress. Evidence suggest that new technology (virtual reality, tele-psychiatry or tele-support apps and sessions) should also be implemented in universities.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2605724-4
    ISSN 2039-7283 ; 2039-7275
    ISSN (online) 2039-7283
    ISSN 2039-7275
    DOI 10.3390/clinpract13030054
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  6. Article: Vitamin D Status in Osteoporotic and Diabetic Patients and Athletic Healthy Individuals from Northern Greece.

    Anetakis, Constantine / Mitka, Stella / Chatzidimitriou, Maria / Anagnostopoulos, Konstantinos / Eleftheriou, Phaedra / Lialiaris, Theodoros

    Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) 565–576

    Abstract: Background: Vitamin D deficiency is recognised as a pandemic in the developed world. However, the importance of prudent sun exposure tends to be overlooked, which is responsible for this pandemic.: Methods: We investigated the vitamin D status in 326 ...

    Abstract Background: Vitamin D deficiency is recognised as a pandemic in the developed world. However, the importance of prudent sun exposure tends to be overlooked, which is responsible for this pandemic.
    Methods: We investigated the vitamin D status in 326 adults, 165 females and 161 males: 99 Osteoporosis patients, 53 Type 1 Diabetes patients, 51 Type 2 Diabetes patients, and 123 Athletic Healthy individuals, from Northern Greece, through the measurement of total calcidiol in winter and summer by immunoenzymatic assay.
    Results: In the Whole Sample 23.31% had severe deficiency, 13.50% mild deficiency, 17.48% insufficiency, and 45.71% adequacy at the end of winter. Mean concentrations differed significantly (p <0.001) between males and females. The prevalence of deficiency in the young was significantly lower than in the middle-aged (p = 0.004) and in the elderly (p <0.001), while it was significantly lower (p = 0.014) in the middle-aged than in the elderly. The best vitamin D status was found in the Athletic Healthy individuals, followed by the Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic patients, while Osteoporotic patients had the poorest status. The difference in mean concentrations between winter and summer was significant (p <0.001).
    Conclusions: Vitamin D status deteriorated with increasing age and it was better in males than in females. Our findings suggest that outdoor physical activity in a Mediterranean country can cover the vitamin D needs of the young and the middle-aged, but not of the elderly, without the need for dietary supplements.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-18
    Publishing country Iran
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2743890-9
    ISSN 2322-3480
    ISSN 2322-3480
    DOI 10.52547/rbmb.11.4.565
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: CSF Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.

    Papaliagkas, Vasileios / Kalinderi, Kallirhoe / Vareltzis, Patroklos / Moraitou, Despoina / Papamitsou, Theodora / Chatzidimitriou, Maria

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 10

    Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a rapidly growing disease that affects millions of people worldwide, therefore there is an urgent need for its early diagnosis and treatment. A huge amount of research studies are performed on possible accurate and reliable ... ...

    Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a rapidly growing disease that affects millions of people worldwide, therefore there is an urgent need for its early diagnosis and treatment. A huge amount of research studies are performed on possible accurate and reliable diagnostic biomarkers of AD. Due to its direct contact with extracellular space of the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the most useful biological fluid reflecting molecular events in the brain. Proteins and molecules that reflect the pathogenesis of the disease, e.g., neurodegeneration, accumulation of Abeta, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and apoptosis may be used as biomarkers. The aim of the current manuscript is to present the most commonly used CSF biomarkers for AD as well as novel biomarkers. Three CSF biomarkers, namely total tau, phospho-tau and Abeta42, are believed to have the highest diagnostic accuracy for early AD diagnosis and the ability to predict AD development in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients. Moreover, other biomarkers such as soluble amyloid precursor protein (APP), apoptotic proteins, secretases and inflammatory and oxidation markers are believed to have increased future prospects.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; tau Proteins/cerebrospinal fluid ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/cerebrospinal fluid ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ; Brain/pathology ; Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid ; Peptide Fragments/cerebrospinal fluid ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/cerebrospinal fluid
    Chemical Substances tau Proteins ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ; Biomarkers ; Peptide Fragments ; Amyloid beta-Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms24108976
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Vital Pulp Therapy of Young First Permanent Molars: A Retrospective Study on Radiographic Findings 24 Months Post-treatment.

    Chatzidimitriou, Konstantina / Seremidi, Kyriaki / Balta, Maria G / Katechi, Victoria / Petroleka, Konstantina / Gizani, Sotiria

    Oral health & preventive dentistry

    2023  Volume 21, Page(s) 357–364

    Abstract: Purpose: With success rates comparable to that of root canal treatment, vital pulp therapy (VPT) has gained clinical interest and has been used in the management of young permanent teeth with inflamed pulps. The aim of the present study was to ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: With success rates comparable to that of root canal treatment, vital pulp therapy (VPT) has gained clinical interest and has been used in the management of young permanent teeth with inflamed pulps. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the radiographic success of VPT in young first permanent molars 24 months post-treatment and correlate findings with tooth and treatment-related characteristics.
    Materials and methods: Dental records of all patients with first permanent molars which received VPT in the Department of Paediatric Dentistry (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens) were retrieved. Demographic characteristics and data regarding the treatment performed were recorded. Patients' radiographs were evaluated at 6, 12 and 24 months post-treatment by two qualified paediatric dentists blinded regarding the treatment performed. Radiographic success, reasons for failure and continuation of root development were evaluated. Differences were tested using the Χ2 and Student's t-test, and possible correlations were determined by calculating the odds ratio.
    Results: Overall radiographic success rate at 24 months was 77%, ranging between 50% for direct pulp capping and 92% for full pulpotomy. Differences were not statistically significant. Continuation of root development was recorded in almost 1/3 of the teeth and completion in almost 1/5. No statistically significant association was recorded between the outcome and any tooth and treatment-related variables.
    Conclusion: VPT seems to be a reliable option in the long term for the treatment of deep carious lesions in young permanent molars.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Pulpitis/diagnostic imaging ; Pulpitis/therapy ; Pulpitis/pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Dental Pulp Exposure/pathology ; Dental Pulp Exposure/therapy ; Molar/diagnostic imaging ; Dental Caries/diagnostic imaging ; Dental Caries/therapy ; Dental Caries/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-02
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2136786-3
    ISSN 1757-9996 ; 1602-1622
    ISSN (online) 1757-9996
    ISSN 1602-1622
    DOI 10.3290/j.ohpd.b4586789
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Associations between Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Quality of Life, and Mental Health in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

    Dakanalis, Antonios / Tryfonos, Christina / Pavlidou, Eleni / Vadikolias, Konstantinos / Papadopoulou, Sousana K / Alexatou, Olga / Vorvolakos, Theofanis / Chrysafi, Maria / Fotiou, Dimitrios / Mentzelou, Maria / Serdari, Aspasia / Chatzidimitriou, Maria / Dimoliani, Sophia / Tsourouflis, Gerasimos / Giaginis, Constantinos

    Journal of personalized medicine

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 2

    Abstract: Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is well-known as a diet which may exert a protective effect against neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, only a few clinical surveys have assessed the potential effects of the MD ...

    Abstract Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is well-known as a diet which may exert a protective effect against neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, only a few clinical surveys have assessed the potential effects of the MD in patients with MS. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the potential effects of MD compliance on disease disability, quality of life, physical activity, depressive symptomatology, and blood biochemical parameters related to nutritional status in MS patients, considering several socio-demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle characteristics.
    Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 558 adults with MS aged 18-64 years. Relevant questionnaires were utilized to evaluate socio-demographic and anthropometric parameters, disease disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS), multidimensional health-related quality (MS Quality of Life-54, MSQOL-54), physical activity levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ), depression (Beck Depression Inventory II, BDI-II), and MD adherence (MedDietScore), while several blood biochemical parameters were retrieved from the patients' medical records.
    Results: Enhanced MD compliance was independently associated with a decreased frequency of overweight/obesity, as well as abdominal obesity, in patients suffering from MS. Elevated MD compliance was also independently associated with a decreased incidence of advanced disease disability, a higher prevalence of elevated physical activity, an improved quality of life, and lower depressive symptoms, as well as higher levels of certain blood biochemical parameters, which are effective indicators of iron deficiency and malnutrition.
    Conclusions: The present study found that higher MD adherence may slow down disease disability, promoting a better quality of life and mental health in adults with MS. Future prospective surveys are required to obtain conclusive results.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662248-8
    ISSN 2075-4426
    ISSN 2075-4426
    DOI 10.3390/jpm14020199
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Developing a Risk Analysis Strategy Framework for Impact Assessment in Information Security Management Systems

    Fotis Kitsios / Elpiniki Chatzidimitriou / Maria Kamariotou

    Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 1269, p

    A Case Study in IT Consulting Industry

    2022  Volume 1269

    Abstract: Organizations must be committed to ensuring the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of the information in their possession to manage legal and regulatory obligations and to maintain trusted business relationships. Information security management ...

    Abstract Organizations must be committed to ensuring the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of the information in their possession to manage legal and regulatory obligations and to maintain trusted business relationships. Information security management systems (ISMSs) support companies to better deal with information security risks and cyber-attacks. Although there are many different approaches to successfully implementing an ISMS in a company, the most important and time-consuming part of establishing an ISMS is a risk assessment. The purpose of this paper was to develop a risk assessment framework that a company followed in the information technology sector to conduct the risk assessment process to comply with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 27001. The findings analyze the conditions that force organizations to invest in protecting information and the benefits they can derive from this process. In particular, the paper delves into a multinational IT consulting services company that undertakes and implements large business support installation and customization projects. It explains the risk assessment process and the management of the necessary configurations so that its functions are acceptable and in line with information security standards. Finally, it presents the difficulties and challenges encountered.
    Keywords information security management system (ISMS) ; ISO 27001 ; software consulting company ; risk analysis ; impact assessment ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 650
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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