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  1. Article: An empirical analysis of surface-level methane emission from anthropogenic sources in India

    Kulkarni, Bhargavi N. / Kulkarni, Nagaraj B. / Anantharama, V.

    Journal of cleaner production. 2022 Apr. 20, v. 346

    2022  

    Abstract: This study presents an empirical analysis of surface-level methane emission from anthropogenic sources in two major Indian cities. Three categories of sources were considered- (1) fossil fuel exploration and energy production (2) agriculture and ... ...

    Abstract This study presents an empirical analysis of surface-level methane emission from anthropogenic sources in two major Indian cities. Three categories of sources were considered- (1) fossil fuel exploration and energy production (2) agriculture and livestock farming and (3) waste processing and disposal. In each city, specific sources were identified and mapped to the nearest methane monitoring station. As these sources were active for varying periods, treatment and control periods were designed by partitioning the observation period based on the activity of sources. This experimental design framework was used to formulate and test hypotheses on contribution of these sources to methane emission. Given the limitations and statistical properties (non-normal residuals and heteroskedasticity) of the data a robust alternative to classical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test three hypotheses. Tests confirmed that these sources contributed significantly to methane emission. Specifically, emission from MSW disposal facilities was substantial as evident from the data in Delhi. In Bengaluru, aggregate emission from following sources was found significant- (1) a diesel-based power plant and a landfill (2) a sewage treatment plant and a landfill. This empirical work compliments previous studies on greenhouse gas emissions, which were based on climate models and satellite remote sensing data. This analysis of natural experiment ends with recommendations to manage methane emission from anthropogenic sources.
    Keywords analysis of variance ; climate ; empirical research ; energy ; experimental design ; fossil fuels ; greenhouse gases ; heteroskedasticity ; landfills ; livestock ; methane ; methane production ; power plants ; satellites ; sewage treatment ; India
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0420
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0959-6526
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131101
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic on municipal solid waste management: Challenges and opportunities.

    Kulkarni, Bhargavi N / Anantharama, V

    The Science of the total environment

    2020  Volume 743, Page(s) 140693

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused global emergency and has raised social and economic concerns which will also spill over to environmental issues. Amid this natural experiment, current study evaluates prevailing municipal solid waste (MSW) management ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has caused global emergency and has raised social and economic concerns which will also spill over to environmental issues. Amid this natural experiment, current study evaluates prevailing municipal solid waste (MSW) management practices, with the emphasis on MSW treatment and disposal facilities in select developed and developing countries. The data and information used in this paper is collected from several scientific research papers from different disciplines, publications from governments and multilateral agencies and media reports. Despite limited literature on MSW management during such pandemics, this article presets a global backdrop of MSW management during COVID-19 outbreak and examines various aspects of MSW management. Discussion includes identifying parameters of disease transmission through solid waste handling, consequences of medical waste surge on current municipal waste treatment and disposal systems. Further, based on previous pandemic and disaster waste management studies, this study also presents challenges and opportunities in the aftermath of the ongoing pandemic. The paper recommends alternatives approaches for MSW treatment and disposal and outlines the future scope of work to achieve sustainable waste management during and aftermath of the pandemics.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Refuse Disposal ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Solid Waste ; Waste Management
    Chemical Substances Solid Waste
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-02
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140693
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic on municipal solid waste management

    Kulkarni, Bhargavi N. / Anantharama, V.

    Science of The Total Environment

    Challenges and opportunities

    2020  Volume 743, Page(s) 140693

    Keywords Environmental Engineering ; Waste Management and Disposal ; Pollution ; Environmental Chemistry ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140693
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic on municipal solid waste management: Challenges and opportunities

    Kulkarni, Bhargavi N / Anantharama, V

    Sci Total Environ

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused global emergency and has raised social and economic concerns which will also spill over to environmental issues. Amid this natural experiment, current study evaluates prevailing municipal solid waste (MSW) management ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has caused global emergency and has raised social and economic concerns which will also spill over to environmental issues. Amid this natural experiment, current study evaluates prevailing municipal solid waste (MSW) management practices, with the emphasis on MSW treatment and disposal facilities in select developed and developing countries. The data and information used in this paper is collected from several scientific research papers from different disciplines, publications from governments and multilateral agencies and media reports. Despite limited literature on MSW management during such pandemics, this article presets a global backdrop of MSW management during COVID-19 outbreak and examines various aspects of MSW management. Discussion includes identifying parameters of disease transmission through solid waste handling, consequences of medical waste surge on current municipal waste treatment and disposal systems. Further, based on previous pandemic and disaster waste management studies, this study also presents challenges and opportunities in the aftermath of the ongoing pandemic. The paper recommends alternatives approaches for MSW treatment and disposal and outlines the future scope of work to achieve sustainable waste management during and aftermath of the pandemics.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #627572
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article ; Online: Biology and oviposition preference of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on fodder crops and its natural enemies from Central India

    Keerthi, M. C. / Mahesha, H. S. / Manjunatha, N. / Gupta, Ankita / Saini, Ravi Prakash / Shivakumara, K. T. / Bhargavi, H. A. / Gupta, Gaurendra / Kulkarni, Narendra S.

    International Journal of Pest Management. 2023 July 3, v. 69, no. 3 p.215-224

    2023  

    Abstract: The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda is a ruinous insect pest, native to tropical and subtropical regions of western hemisphere. It has recently invaded Indian subcontinent during 2018, causing severe damage to crops of several genera of many ... ...

    Abstract The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda is a ruinous insect pest, native to tropical and subtropical regions of western hemisphere. It has recently invaded Indian subcontinent during 2018, causing severe damage to crops of several genera of many plant families. The incidence of FAW infestation ranged from 12% to 74%, indicating its establishment in central India where it poses an immediate and significant economic threat to crop production. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh isolate is closely related to the isolates of southern states of India. Studies on biology of FAW indicated no variation in biological parameters, when reared on fodder maize and fodder sorghum, however recorded longer larval and pupal duration (16.07 and 10.00 days) when reared on artificial diet. The adults laid more number of eggs under crop mosaic condition with varied phenological crop growth stages and the fodder maize (782.33 eggs) was most preferred for oviposition. A total of five parasitoids were recovered from the field collected larvae and also predation by generalist predator, Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) was recorded during the study period.
    Keywords Eocanthecona furcellata ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; artificial diets ; corn ; crop production ; forage ; insect pests ; larvae ; oviposition ; oviposition preference ; parasitoids ; pest management ; phenology ; phylogeny ; predation ; pupae ; India ; fall armyworm ; fodder crops ; biology ; natural enemies
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0703
    Size p. 215-224.
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1490770-7
    ISSN 1366-5863 ; 0967-0874
    ISSN (online) 1366-5863
    ISSN 0967-0874
    DOI 10.1080/09670874.2020.1871530
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: An Unprecedented Opportunity as Prospective Drug Target.

    Kulkarni, Bhargavi / Cruz-Martins, Natália / Kumar, Dileep

    Molecular neurobiology

    2022  Volume 59, Issue 5, Page(s) 2678–2693

    Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an ever more common neurodegenerative disease among the elderly, characterized by recurrent neuroinflammation and amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation in the brain parenchyma. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown ...

    Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an ever more common neurodegenerative disease among the elderly, characterized by recurrent neuroinflammation and amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation in the brain parenchyma. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown a distinct role for the innate immune system in AD, with microglia playing a key role. The function of microglial cells is stringently regulated by the neighboring microenvironment in the brain. Upon interruption in diseases, like AD, it demonstrates neurotoxic and neuroprotective action by M1 (neurotoxic) and M2 (neuroprotective) microglial phenotypes, respectively, in the brain. Microglial cells on activation by complement factors, toll-like receptors, and genetic variants result in Aβ' phagocytosis, synaptic pruning, and reactivation of complement pathway. Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of potential therapeutic targets in microglial cells. Immune receptors revealed on microglia as potential drug targets can be paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor (PILR), CD3358, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), as they can have impact on late-onset AD occurrence and progression. Thus, targeting these receptors can accentuate the beneficial effects of microglial cells required to decelerate the progression of AD. This review emphasizes the microglial phenotypes, its function in AD brain, and potential immunological and therapeutic targets to fight this highly progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Microglia/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 645020-9
    ISSN 1559-1182 ; 0893-7648
    ISSN (online) 1559-1182
    ISSN 0893-7648
    DOI 10.1007/s12035-021-02661-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Role of TREM2 in Alzheimer's Disease: A Long Road Ahead.

    Kulkarni, Bhargavi / Kumar, Dileep / Cruz-Martins, Natália / Sellamuthu, Satheeshkumar

    Molecular neurobiology

    2021  Volume 58, Issue 10, Page(s) 5239–5252

    Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by an increasing deterioration of memory, which is concomitant with additional cognitive deficits. Neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques are two pivotal proteins inside the brain ... ...

    Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by an increasing deterioration of memory, which is concomitant with additional cognitive deficits. Neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques are two pivotal proteins inside the brain that are considered essential to obstruct the normal cognitive function of the brain. Genetic variations in TREM2 gene disturb the neuroinflammatory action of microglia in reducing the progression of the disease.TREM2 is a transmembrane receptor present on the microglia, which has an important function in neuroinflammation. Genome-wide association studies identified variants of TREM2 gene and linked it with the risk of developing AD, by 2-4 folds. Numerous studies on mice models have revealed the relationship between mutations of TREM2 gene and its effect on amyloid burden and tau pathology in the brain that gets affected by AD. This review summarizes the role of TREM2 and its variants in the progression of AD and tries to delve deep into the role of soluble TREM2 as an effective biomarker and impending neuroprotection in AD. It also focuses on the strategies to develop therapeutic agents against TREM2 by employing its expression, function, and signalling pathways. The current challenges posed against prospective therapy for AD are also discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/genetics ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Genetic Variation/genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics ; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Microglia/drug effects ; Microglia/metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics ; Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism ; tau Proteins/genetics ; tau Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Biomarkers ; MAPT protein, human ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Receptors, Immunologic ; TREM2 protein, human ; tau Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 645020-9
    ISSN 1559-1182 ; 0893-7648
    ISSN (online) 1559-1182
    ISSN 0893-7648
    DOI 10.1007/s12035-021-02477-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Outcome of COVID-19-positive children with heart disease and grown-ups with congenital heart disease: A multicentric study from India.

    Sachdeva, Sakshi / Ramakrishnan, Sivasubramanian / Choubey, Mrigank / Koneti, Nageswara Rao / Mani, Kalaivani / Bakhru, Shweta / Gupta, Saurabh Kumar / Gangopadhyay, Debasree / Kasturi, Soumya / Mishra, Jayashree / Nayak, Hemant Kumar / Sivakumar, Kothandam / Bobhate, Prashant / Awasthy, Neeraj / Das, Debasis / Chakrabarti, Manisha / Muthukumaran, Chinnaswamy Sivaprakasam / Saileela, Rajan / Dhulipudi, Bhargavi /
    Chaudhary, Shiv Kumar / Jayranganath, Mahimarangaiah / Saxena, Anita / Iyer, Krishna Subramony / Kumar, Raman Krishna / Kothari, Shyam S / Kulkarni, Snehal / Rao, Suresh G

    Annals of pediatric cardiology

    2021  Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 269–277

    Abstract: Background: Outcome data of children with heart disease who acquired COVID-19 infection are limited.: Aims: We sought to analyze outcome data and identify risk factors associated with mortality in children with heart disease and grown-ups with ... ...

    Abstract Background: Outcome data of children with heart disease who acquired COVID-19 infection are limited.
    Aims: We sought to analyze outcome data and identify risk factors associated with mortality in children with heart disease and grown-ups with congenital heart disease (GUCH) who had a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection.
    Settings and design: This is a retrospective, multicentric, observational study.
    Materials and methods: The study included children with heart disease and GUCH population, who presented with either symptomatic or asymptomatic COVID-19 infection to any of the participating centers. COVID-19-negative patients admitted to these centers constituted the control group.
    Results: From 24 pediatric cardiac centers across India, we included 94 patients with a median age of 12.5 (interquartile range 3-96) months and 49 (52.1%) patients were males. Majority (83 patients, 88.3%) were children. One-third of the patients (
    Conclusions: Children with heart disease are at a higher risk of death when they acquire COVID-19 infection. Systematic preventive measures and management strategies are needed for improving the outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-26
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2430956-4
    ISSN 0974-5149 ; 0974-2069
    ISSN (online) 0974-5149
    ISSN 0974-2069
    DOI 10.4103/apc.apc_134_21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric cardiac services in India.

    Choubey, Mrigank / Ramakrishnan, Sivasubramanian / Sachdeva, Sakshi / Mani, Kalaivani / Gangopadhyay, Debasree / Sivakumar, Kothandam / Kappanayil, Mahesh / Jayranganath, Mahimarangaiah / Koneti, Nageswara Rao / Awasthy, Neeraj / Bobhate, Prashant / Gupta, Saurabh Kumar / Azad, Sushil / Dhulipudi, Bhargavi / Sonawane, Bhushan / Bandopadhyay, Biswajit / Muthukumaran, Chinnaswamy Sivaprakasam / Das, Debasis / Sivalingam, Devaprasath /
    Ramamurthy, Harpanahalli Ravi / Nayak, Hemant Kumar / Mishra, Jayashree / Muthusamy, Kalyanasundaram / Chakrabarti, Manisha / Islam, Nurul / Mahawar, Prashant / Shah, Prashant / Rajan, Saileela / Remadevi, Kavasseri Subramaniaiyer / Abqari, Shaad / Chaudhary, Shiv Kumar / Kasturi, Soumya / Kumar, Raghavannair Suresh / Saxena, Anita / Iyer, Krishna Subramony / Sharma, Rajesh / Kumar, Raman Krishna / Radhakrishnan, Sitaraman / Kothari, Shyam Sunder / Kulkarni, Snehal / Rao, Suresh G

    Annals of pediatric cardiology

    2021  Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 260–268

    Abstract: Background: COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted pediatric cardiac services across the globe. Limited data are available on the impact of COVID.19 on pediatric cardiac care in India.: Aims: The aims are to study the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the care ...

    Abstract Background: COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted pediatric cardiac services across the globe. Limited data are available on the impact of COVID.19 on pediatric cardiac care in India.
    Aims: The aims are to study the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the care of children with heart disease in India in terms of number of outpatient visits, hospitalizations, catheter-based interventions, and cardiac surgeries.
    Settings and design: This is a retrospective, multicentric, observational study.
    Methods: We collected monthly data on the number and characteristics of outpatient visits, hospitalizations, catheter-based interventions, and cardiac surgeries and major hospital statistics, over a period of 5 months (April to August 2020), which coincided with the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India and compared it with data from the corresponding months in 2019.
    Results: The outpatient visits across the 24 participating pediatric cardiac centers decreased by 74.5% in 2020 (
    Conclusions: The current COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the delivery of pediatric cardiac care across India with two-third reduction in hospitalizations and cardiac surgeries. In an already resource-constrained environment, the impact of such a massive reduction in the number of surgeries could be significant over the coming years. These findings may prove useful in formulating strategy to manage subsequent waves of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-26
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2430956-4
    ISSN 0974-5149 ; 0974-2069
    ISSN (online) 0974-5149
    ISSN 0974-2069
    DOI 10.4103/apc.apc_133_21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Outcome of COVID-19-positive children with heart disease and grown-ups with congenital heart disease

    Sakshi Sachdeva / Sivasubramanian Ramakrishnan / Mrigank Choubey / Nageswara Rao Koneti / Kalaivani Mani / Shweta Bakhru / Saurabh Kumar Gupta / Debasree Gangopadhyay / Soumya Kasturi / Jayashree Mishra / Hemant Kumar Nayak / Kothandam Sivakumar / Prashant Bobhate / Neeraj Awasthy / Debasis Das / Manisha Chakrabarti / Chinnaswamy Sivaprakasam Muthukumaran / Rajan Saileela / Bhargavi Dhulipudi /
    Shiv Kumar Chaudhary / Mahimarangaiah Jayranganath / Anita Saxena / Krishna Subramony Iyer / Raman Krishna Kumar / Shyam S Kothari / Snehal Kulkarni / Suresh G Rao / For the PCSI-COVID-19 study group

    Annals of Pediatric Cardiology, Vol 14, Iss 3, Pp 269-

    A multicentric study from India

    2021  Volume 277

    Abstract: ... third of the patients (n = 31, 33.0%) had acyanotic congenital heart disease, and 41.5% (n = 39) were ...

    Abstract Background : Outcome data of children with heart disease who acquired COVID-19 infection are limited. Aims : We sought to analyze outcome data and identify risk factors associated with mortality in children with heart disease and grown-ups with congenital heart disease (GUCH) who had a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Settings and Design : This is a retrospective, multicentric, observational study. Materials and Methods : The study included children with heart disease and GUCH population, who presented with either symptomatic or asymptomatic COVID-19 infection to any of the participating centers. COVID-19-negative patients admitted to these centers constituted the control group. Results : From 24 pediatric cardiac centers across India, we included 94 patients with a median age of 12.5 (interquartile range 3–96) months and 49 (52.1%) patients were males. Majority (83 patients, 88.3%) were children. One-third of the patients (n = 31, 33.0%) had acyanotic congenital heart disease, and 41.5% (n = 39) were cyanotic, with > 80% of the patients being unoperated. Only 30 (31.9%) patients were symptomatic for COVID-19 infection, while the rest were incidentally detected positive on screening. A total of 13 patients died (case fatality rate: 13.8%). The in-hospital mortality rate among hospitalized patients was significantly higher among COVID-19-positive cases (13 of 48; 27.1%) as compared to COVID-negative admissions (9.2%) during the study period (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of mortality among COVID-19-positive cases were severity of illness at admission (odds ratio [OR]: 535.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.9–41,605, P = 0.005) and lower socioeconomic class (OR: 29.5, 95% CI: 1.1–814.7, P = 0.046). Conclusions : Children with heart disease are at a higher risk of death when they acquire COVID-19 infection. Systematic preventive measures and management strategies are needed for improving the outcomes.
    Keywords congenital heart disease ; grown-ups with congenital heart disease ; low- and middle-income countries and sars-cov-2 infection ; outcome ; surgery ; Medicine ; R ; Pediatrics ; RJ1-570 ; Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ; RC666-701
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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