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Article ; Online: Psychopathological symptoms as precursors of depressive symptoms in adolescence: a prospective analysis of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies.

Greimel, Ellen / Adams, Lena / Zsigo, Carolin / Berdel, Dietrich / von Berg, Andrea / Koletzko, Sibylle / Bauer, Carl-Peter / Schikowski, Tamara / Herberth, Gunda / Heinrich, Joachim / Schulte-Körne, Gerd / Standl, Marie

Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology

2022 Volume 57, Issue 8, Page(s) 1627–1639

Abstract: ... and LISA birth cohorts, the association of each SDQ subscale at age 10 years with the presence ...

Abstract	Introduction: Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in adolescence, highlighting the need for early identification of precursors. Research into psychopathological symptoms predicting depressive psychopathology in adolescents is therefore of great relevance. Moreover, given that the prevalence of depressive symptomatology in adolescence shows marked differences between girls and boys, insight into potential sex-specific differences in precursors is important. Methods: This study examined the relationships between emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer problems, and difficulties in prosocial behaviour at age 10 (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), and the presence of depressive symptoms at age 15 (Depression Screener for Teenagers). Using data from 2824 participants of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts, the association of each SDQ subscale at age 10 years with the presence of depressive symptoms at age 15 years was analyzed using sex-specific logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Emotional problems [odds ratio (OR) 1.99, p = 0.002 for boys and OR 1.77, p < 0.001 for girls] and peer problems (OR 2.62, p < 0.001 for boys, OR 1.91, p = 0.001 for girls) at age 10 showed an increased risk for the presence of depressive symptoms at age 15. Additionally, boys with conduct problems at age 10 were at greater risk of showing depressive symptoms in adolescence (OR 2.50, p < 0.001). Discussion: Based on the identified prospective relationships in our study, it might be of particular importance to tailor prevention approaches during childhood to peer and emotional problems to reduce the risk of depressive psychopathology in adolescence. Moreover, particularly in boys, it seems important to also target conduct problems in childhood as a precursor of depressive symptoms in the adolescent period.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Birth Cohort ; Child ; Depression/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Psychopathology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-15
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	623071-4
ISSN	1433-9285 ; 0037-7813 ; 0933-7954
ISSN (online)	1433-9285
ISSN	0037-7813 ; 0933-7954
DOI	10.1007/s00127-022-02267-1
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Article ; Online: Obesogenic eating behaviour and dietary intake in German children and adolescents: results from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies.

Marb, Anne / Libuda, Lars / Standl, Marie / Koletzko, Sibylle / Bauer, Carl-Peter / Schikowski, Tamara / Berdel, Dietrich / von Berg, Andrea / Herberth, Gunda / Bühlmeier, Judith / Harris, Carla P

European journal of clinical nutrition

2022 Volume 76, Issue 10, Page(s) 1478–1485

Abstract: ... year follow-ups of the German GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies were included (N₁₀

Abstract	Background/objectives: The transition to adolescence is characterised by considerable behavioural changes, including diet. This study describes the level of obesogenic eating behaviours in 10- and 15-year-olds, and their association with dietary intake. Subjects/methods: Participants of the 10- and 15-year follow-ups of the German GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies were included (N<sub>10</sub> = 2257; N<sub>15</sub> = 1880). Eating behaviours and dietary intake were assessed via self-report questionnaires. Sex-stratified, cross-sectional associations of "external eating", "emotional eating" and "dietary restraint" (the latter at age 15 years only) with dietary intake (17 food groups-categorised into tertiles, macronutrients, and total energy) were assessed using multinomial logistic or multiple linear regression as required, adjusting for covariates and correcting for multiple testing. Results: Reported levels of eating behaviours were low in both age-groups. External eating was higher in 10-year-old males than females, while all eating behaviours were most pronounced in 15-year-old females. At 10 years, emotional eating was associated with medium vegetable intake in females (Relative Risk Ratio (RRR) = 1.84, p = 0.0017). At 15 years, external eating was associated with total energy (kJ) in females (β = 718, p = 0.0002) and high butter intake in males (RRR = 1.96, p = 0.0019). Dietary restraint in females was inversely associated with total energy (β = -967, p < 0.0001) and omega-3 fatty acids (Means Ratio (MR) = 0.94, p = 0.0017), and positively associated with high fruit (RRR = 2.20, p = 0.0003) and whole grains (RRR = 1.94, p = 0.0013). Conclusion: Obesogenic eating behaviour scores are low among children and adolescents of a predominantly high socioeconomic status population and present only few associations with specific aspects of diet, mainly among adolescent females.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Birth Cohort ; Butter ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Eating ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; Butter (8029-34-3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639358-5
ISSN	1476-5640 ; 0954-3007
ISSN (online)	1476-5640
ISSN	0954-3007
DOI	10.1038/s41430-022-01125-2
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Article ; Online: Outdoor air pollution and hormone-assessed pubertal development in children: Results from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts.

Zhao, Tianyu / Triebner, Kai / Markevych, Iana / Standl, Marie / Altug, Hicran / de Hoogh, Kees / Schikowski, Tamara / Berdel, Dietrich / Koletzko, Sibylle / Bauer, Carl-Peter / von Berg, Andrea / Nowak, Dennis / Heinrich, Joachim

Environment international

2021 Volume 152, Page(s) 106476

Abstract: ... Wesel centers of the GINIplus and LISA German birth cohorts. Female and male pubertal development was ...

Abstract	Background: Air pollution is hypothesized to affect pubertal development. However, the few studies on this topic yielded overall mixed results. These studies did not consider important pollutants like ozone, and none of them involved pubertal development assessed by estradiol and testosterone measurements. We aimed to analyze associations between long-term exposure to four pollutants and pubertal development based on sex hormone concentrations among 10-year-old children. Methods: These cross-sectional analyses were based on the 10-year follow-up medical examinations of 1945 children from the Munich and Wesel centers of the GINIplus and LISA German birth cohorts. Female and male pubertal development was assessed by dichotomizing the concentration of hormones in serum at 18.4 pmol/L and 0.087 nmol/L using the lower limits of quantification for estradiol and testosterone, respectively. Land-use regression models derived annual average concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 and 10 µm (PM Results: Around 73% of the 943 females and 25% of the 1002 males had a high level of hormones and had already started puberty at the age of 10. Overall, we found no statistically significant associations between exposure to particles (PM Conclusions: Our study did not observe the associations between ambient air pollutants and pubertal development determined by estradiol and testosterone levels in children. However, due to the current limited number of studies on this topic, our results should be cautiously interpreted. Future longitudinal studies are needed to assess the association.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollutants/toxicity ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Environmental Exposure/analysis ; Female ; Hormones ; Humans ; Male ; Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis ; Nitrogen Dioxide/toxicity ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Particulate Matter/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Hormones ; Particulate Matter ; Nitrogen Dioxide (S7G510RUBH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2021.106476
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Article ; Online: Air pollution during infancy and lung function development into adolescence: The GINIplus/LISA birth cohorts study.

Zhao, Qi / Kress, Sara / Markevych, Iana / Berdel, Dietrich / von Berg, Andrea / Gappa, Monika / Koletzko, Sibylle / Bauer, Carl-Peter / Schulz, Holger / Standl, Marie / Heinrich, Joachim / Schikowski, Tamara

Environment international

2020 Volume 146, Page(s) 106195

Abstract: ... to the age of 15 in Germany.: Methods: We investigated 915 children from the GINIplus and LISA birth ...

Abstract	Background: Limited evidence exists on how air pollution exposure during infancy, i.e. the first year of life, may affect lung function development into adolescence. Objectives: To investigate the association between exposure to air pollution during the first-year of life and lung function development up to the age of 15 in Germany. Methods: We investigated 915 children from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts from Munich (n = 181) and Wesel (n = 734), who had at least two spirometric measurements at ages 6, 10 and 15. Z-scores of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV Results: For per interquartile range increase in air pollutants during the first-year life, FEV Discussion: Infancy exposure to higher air pollution may reduce lung function development up to adolescence, with airway size more affected than lung volume restriction. The potential modifying effects of maternal age, asthmatic status of children and breastfeeding warrant further exploration.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Child ; Environmental Exposure/analysis ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Germany ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; Particulate Matter/analysis
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-21
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2020.106195
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Article ; Online: Association between objectively assessed physical activity and sleep quality in adolescence. Results from the GINIplus and LISA studies.

Negele, Laura / Flexeder, Claudia / Koletzko, Sibylle / Bauer, Carl-Peter / von Berg, Andrea / Berdel, Dietrich / Schikowski, Tamara / Standl, Marie / Peters, Annette / Schulz, Holger

Sleep medicine

2020 Volume 72, Page(s) 65–74

Abstract: ... and West Germany, LISA) to measure PA and sleep. PA was categorised into sedentary, lifestyle and ...

Abstract	Study objectives: Population-based studies on the association of objectively assessed physical activity (PA) with sleep among adolescents are rare. We examined this association by applying accelerometry and accounting for the day-by-day variability. Methods: Accelerometers (Actigraph GT3X) were worn for one week by 1223 participants during the 15-year follow-up of the German birth cohorts (German infant study on the Influence of Nutrition Intervention plus air pollution and genetics on allergy development, GINIplus) and (Influence of Lifestyle factors on the development of the Immune System and Allergies in East and West Germany, LISA) to measure PA and sleep. PA was categorised into sedentary, lifestyle and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) referring to Sasaki and Romanzini. Sleep was analysed according to the algorithm developed by Sadeh. Sleep quality was represented by sleep efficiency (SE), sleep onset latency (SOL) and time awake per hour after sleep onset (TAPH). Sleep and activity were additionally reported by diaries. Linear and generalized mixed-effects-models with logit-link with subject specific random intercepts were used stratified by sex and adjusted for confounding variables. Results: Physical activity appears to be associated only with sleep quality the following night. Among female participants, SE improved (β = 0.12 [95% CI = (0.05; 0.18)]) per 10 minutes increase of MVPA. SOL decreased (OR = 0.83 [95% CI = (0.69; 0.99)]) among male participants with at least 60 min of MVPA per day. Engaging in leisure sport MVPA was associated with higher SE among female (β = 0.70 [95% CI = (0.22; 1.17)]) and male participants (β = 0.76 [95% CI = (0.18; 1.34)]). Also, TAPH among female (β = -0.37 [95% CI = (-0.65; -0.09)]) and SOL among male subjects (OR = 0.70 [95% CI = (0.57; 0.85)]) decreased. Increasing lifestyle activity was related to longer SOL among female (OR = 1.36 [95% CI = (1.15; 1.62)]) and male subjects (OR = 1.32 [95% CI = (1.10; 1.58)]). Conclusions: In this large population-based sample of German adolescents MVPA and leisure sport improved short term sleep quality, supporting regular PA in adolescents for their health benefit.
MeSH term(s)	Accelerometry ; Adolescent ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sedentary Behavior ; Sleep ; Sports
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2012041-2
ISSN	1878-5506 ; 1389-9457
ISSN (online)	1878-5506
ISSN	1389-9457
DOI	10.1016/j.sleep.2020.03.007
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Article: Air pollution during infancy and lung function development into adolescence: The GINIplus/LISA birth cohorts study

Environment international. 2021 Jan., v. 146

2021

Abstract: ... We investigated 915 children from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts from Munich (n = 181) and Wesel (n = 734 ...

Abstract	Limited evidence exists on how air pollution exposure during infancy, i.e. the first year of life, may affect lung function development into adolescence.To investigate the association between exposure to air pollution during the first-year of life and lung function development up to the age of 15 in Germany.We investigated 915 children from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts from Munich (n = 181) and Wesel (n = 734), who had at least two spirometric measurements at ages 6, 10 and 15. Z-scores of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were calculated. Annual average concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter with diameters <2.5, <10 and 2.5–10 µm (PM₂.₅/₁₀/cₒₐᵣₛₑ), and PM₂.₅ absorbance at home addresses during the first-year of life, were estimated by land-use regression models. Associations between infancy exposure and lung function changes were fitted using multivariable linear mixed models with adjustment for potential confounders.For per interquartile range increase in air pollutants during the first-year life, FEV₁ z-scores declined annually by −0.012 (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.014, −0.009) for PM₂.₅ to −0.023 (95%CI: −0.028, −0.018) for PMcₒₐᵣₛₑ. The declines in FVC were lower than FEV₁ [−0.006 (95%CI: −0.008, −0.003) to −0.011 (95%CI: −0.019, −0.003)]. In Munich, the attenuations were only significant for FEV₁. Effect estimates of infancy exposure for certain air pollutants were higher for groups with asthma, older maternal age, and breastfeeding <12 weeks than their counterparts.Infancy exposure to higher air pollution may reduce lung function development up to adolescence, with airway size more affected than lung volume restriction. The potential modifying effects of maternal age, asthmatic status of children and breastfeeding warrant further exploration.
Keywords	absorbance ; adolescence ; air ; air pollution ; asthma ; breast feeding ; confidence interval ; environment ; infancy ; land use ; lung function ; lungs ; nitrogen dioxide ; particulates
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-01
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2020.106195
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Article: Outdoor air pollution and hormone-assessed pubertal development in children: Results from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts

Environment international. 2021 July, v. 152

2021

Abstract: ... of the GINIplus and LISA German birth cohorts. Female and male pubertal development was assessed by dichotomizing ...

Abstract	Air pollution is hypothesized to affect pubertal development. However, the few studies on this topic yielded overall mixed results. These studies did not consider important pollutants like ozone, and none of them involved pubertal development assessed by estradiol and testosterone measurements. We aimed to analyze associations between long-term exposure to four pollutants and pubertal development based on sex hormone concentrations among 10-year-old children.These cross-sectional analyses were based on the 10-year follow-up medical examinations of 1945 children from the Munich and Wesel centers of the GINIplus and LISA German birth cohorts. Female and male pubertal development was assessed by dichotomizing the concentration of hormones in serum at 18.4 pmol/L and 0.087 nmol/L using the lower limits of quantification for estradiol and testosterone, respectively. Land-use regression models derived annual average concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 and 10 µm (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀), as well as spatial models assessed yearly average concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and ozone, were calculated at the 10-year residential addresses. To evaluate associations, we utilized logistic regressions adjusted for potential covariates. The analyses were stratified by area and sex.Around 73% of the 943 females and 25% of the 1002 males had a high level of hormones and had already started puberty at the age of 10. Overall, we found no statistically significant associations between exposure to particles (PM₂.₅ or PM₁₀) and pubertal development. Results on NO₂ and ozone were not significant as well; for instance, per 10 µg/m³ increase in ozone concentration, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 0.900 (0.605, 1.339) and 0.830 (0.573, 1.203) for females and males, respectively. Stratified by area, the aforementioned results did not reveal any associations either.Our study did not observe the associations between ambient air pollutants and pubertal development determined by estradiol and testosterone levels in children. However, due to the current limited number of studies on this topic, our results should be cautiously interpreted. Future longitudinal studies are needed to assess the association.
Keywords	aerodynamics ; air ; air pollution ; blood serum ; chronic exposure ; environment ; estradiol ; females ; land use ; males ; nitrogen dioxide ; ozone ; particulates ; puberty ; testosterone
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-07
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2021.106476
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Article ; Online: Long-term Air Pollution Exposure Under European Union Limits and Adolescents' Lung Function: Modifying Effect of Abnormal Weight in the GINIplus and LISA Birth Cohorts.

Chest

2021 Volume 160, Issue 1, Page(s) 249–258

Abstract: Background: Abnormal weights, eg, obesity, has shown a strong modifying effect on the association between air pollution exposure and lung function impairment in adults.: Research question: How might weight status modify the effects of long-term air ... ...

Abstract	Background: Abnormal weights, eg, obesity, has shown a strong modifying effect on the association between air pollution exposure and lung function impairment in adults. Research question: How might weight status modify the effects of long-term air pollution exposure on adolescents' lung function, particularly in areas with pollution levels much lower than the current European Union (EU) air quality standards? Study design and methods: In this observational study, we investigated 2,224 adolescents from the German Infant Study on the Influence of Nutrition Intervention Plus Environmental and Genetic Influences on Allergy Development and the Influence of Life Style Factors on the Development of the Immune System and Allergies in East and West Germany birth cohorts. Lung function was measured at age 15 years. Underweight, normal weight, and overweight or obese were defined using percentiles of BMI. Average concentrations of air pollution were modelled at residential addresses at four exposure windows between 0 and 15 years. Multivariate linear regression models were fitted by weight group on lung function with exposure at each window or cumulative exposure since birth. Results: The median air pollution concentrations were half to two-thirds of the EU standards. Significant associations were observed only for individuals who were underweight and overweight or obese. For example, per interquartile range increase in nitrogen dioxide at the 15-year exposure window, FEV Interpretation: Exposure to low to moderate levels of air pollution was associated with lung function impairment for adolescents with abnormal weight. Longer exposure aggravated the adverse effect. Whether a critical exposure window since birth exists warrants further exploration.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Contraception/methods ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Europe/epidemiology ; European Union ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung/physiopathology ; Lung Diseases/epidemiology ; Lung Diseases/etiology ; Male ; Overweight/complications ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1032552-9
ISSN	1931-3543 ; 0012-3692
ISSN (online)	1931-3543
ISSN	0012-3692
DOI	10.1016/j.chest.2021.02.007
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Article ; Online: Residential and school greenspace and academic performance: Evidence from the GINIplus and LISA longitudinal studies of German adolescents.

Markevych, Iana / Feng, Xiaoqi / Astell-Burt, Thomas / Standl, Marie / Sugiri, Dorothea / Schikowski, Tamara / Koletzko, Sibylle / Herberth, Gunda / Bauer, Carl-Peter / von Berg, Andrea / Berdel, Dietrich / Heinrich, Joachim

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2018 Volume 245, Page(s) 71–76

Abstract: ... Munich children and 1078 Wesel children from two German birth cohorts - GINIplus and LISA. Residential ... with improved academic performance in German adolescents from the GINIplus and LISA longitudinal studies. ...

Abstract	Background: Few studies have reported the association between greenspace and academic performance at school level. We examined associations between both residential and school greenspace and individual school grades in German adolescents. Methods: German and maths grades from the latest school certificate, residential and school greenspace, and covariates were available for 1351 10 and 15 years old Munich children and 1078 Wesel children from two German birth cohorts - GINIplus and LISA. Residential and school greenspace was assessed by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), tree cover, and (in Munich only) proportion of agricultural land, forest, and urban green space in 500-m and 1000-m circular buffers. Longitudinal associations between each exposure-outcome pair were assessed by logistic mixed effects models with person and school as random intercepts and adjusted for potential confounders. Results: No associations were observed between any of the greenspace variables and grades in Wesel children. Several statistically significant associations were observed with German and maths grades in Munich children, however associations were inconsistent across sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: There is no evidence of an association of higher greenspace at residence, school or combined with improved academic performance in German adolescents from the GINIplus and LISA longitudinal studies.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Educational Status ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Residence Characteristics ; Schools ; Trees
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.053
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Zs.A 2599: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Ambient ozone exposure and depressive symptoms in adolescents: Results of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts.

Zhao, Tianyu / Markevych, Iana / Standl, Marie / Schulte-Körne, Gerd / Schikowski, Tamara / Berdel, Dietrich / Koletzko, Sibylle / Bauer, Carl-Peter / von Berg, Andrea / Nowak, Dennis / Heinrich, Joachim

Environmental research

2018 Volume 170, Page(s) 73–81

Abstract: ... from Munich and Wesel areas of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts. The depressive symptoms were assessed ...

Abstract	Background: Depression has been associated with air pollution, as reported by animal and epidemiological studies. However, the relationship between ozone exposure and depression, especially among adolescents, is scarcely investigated. Objectives: The study aimed to analyze associations between ozone exposure and depressive symptoms among German adolescents. Methods: The analyses were based on 2827 adolescents aged 15 from Munich and Wesel areas of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts. The depressive symptoms were assessed by the Depression Screener for Teenagers (DesTeen). Long-term ozone exposure was estimated by optimal interpolation techniques and assigned to home addresses. Nitrogen dioxide (NO Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms ranged from 10.9% to 13.8% depending on regions. Overall, long- and short-term exposure to ozone were not statistically significantly associated with depressive symptoms. However, subgroup analysis showed inconsistent significant protective associations for short-term exposure to ozone lag 0 day (same day) and depressive symptoms in Wesel (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: (0.59, 0.98)), but not in Munich (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: (0.83, 1.21)). Conclusions: Our study does not support the hypothesis that ambient ozone exposure might increase the prevalence of depressive symptoms in German adolescents. Nevertheless, due to a lack of similar studies, these results need to be replicated in other samples.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Air Pollutants ; Air Pollution/statistics & numerical data ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression/epidemiology ; Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Nitrogen Dioxide ; Ozone ; Particulate Matter ; Parturition ; Pregnancy
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter ; Ozone (66H7ZZK23N) ; Nitrogen Dioxide (S7G510RUBH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-07
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	205699-9
ISSN	1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
ISSN (online)	1096-0953
ISSN	0013-9351
DOI	10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.014
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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