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Article ; Online: Thromboembolism and bleeding after covid-19.

Ho, Frederick K / Pell, Jill P

2022 Volume 377, Page(s) o817

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Hemorrhage/etiology ; Humans ; Thromboembolism/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1362901-3
ISSN	1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
ISSN (online)	1756-1833
ISSN	0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
DOI	10.1136/bmj.o817
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Article ; Online: Reply to: "Defining severe NAFLD based on ICD codes in large cohorts: Balancing feasibility and limitations".

Petermann-Rocha, Fanny / Ho, Frederick K / Pell, Jill P

Journal of hepatology

2023 Volume 79, Issue 6, Page(s) e233–e234

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/epidemiology ; International Classification of Diseases ; Feasibility Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	605953-3
ISSN	1600-0641 ; 0168-8278
ISSN (online)	1600-0641
ISSN	0168-8278
DOI	10.1016/j.jhep.2023.08.014
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Article ; Online: Schizophrenia and Types of Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Nakada, Shinya / Ho, Frederick K / Celis-Morales, Carlos / Pell, Jill P

Journal of the American Heart Association

2024 Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) e032011

Abstract: Background: Previous studies suggest an association between schizophrenia and stroke, but no studies have investigated stroke subtypes. We examined potential causal associations between schizophrenia and a range of atherosclerotic, embolic, and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Previous studies suggest an association between schizophrenia and stroke, but no studies have investigated stroke subtypes. We examined potential causal associations between schizophrenia and a range of atherosclerotic, embolic, and hemorrhagic stroke outcomes. Methods and results: Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted. The summary-level data (restricted to European ancestry) were obtained for schizophrenia and stroke: ischemic stroke, large-artery stroke, small-vessel stroke, cardioembolic stroke, and intracerebral hemorrhage. The associations between schizophrenia and each outcome were analyzed by an inverse variance weighting method primarily and Mendelian randomization Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode subsequently. The presence of pleiotropy was also tested by Cochran Conclusions: We have provided evidence of a potentially causal association between schizophrenia and cardioembolic stroke. Our findings suggest that cardiac evaluation should be considered for those with schizophrenia.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Embolic Stroke ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Schizophrenia/epidemiology ; Schizophrenia/genetics ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/genetics ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/epidemiology ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2653953-6
ISSN	2047-9980 ; 2047-9980
ISSN (online)	2047-9980
ISSN	2047-9980
DOI	10.1161/JAHA.123.032011
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Article ; Online: Reply to: "Associations of muscle mass and grip strength with severe NAFLD: A prospective study of 333,295 UK Biobank participants".

Petermann-Rocha, Fanny / Ho, Frederick K / Pell, Jill P

Journal of hepatology

2022 Volume 77, Issue 5, Page(s) 1454–1455

MeSH term(s)	Biological Specimen Banks ; Hand Strength/physiology ; Humans ; Muscles ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Prospective Studies ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	605953-3
ISSN	1600-0641 ; 0168-8278
ISSN (online)	1600-0641
ISSN	0168-8278
DOI	10.1016/j.jhep.2022.07.023
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Article ; Online: Association between being breastfed and cardiovascular disease: a population cohort study of 320 249 participants.

Nakada, Shinya / Ho, Frederick K / Celis-Morales, Carlos / Pell, Jill P

Journal of public health (Oxford, England)

2023 Volume 45, Issue 3, Page(s) 569–576

Abstract: ... events (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-1.00, P = 0.041), CVD deaths (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.98, P = 0.017), MI ... events (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.99, P = 0.033) and MI deaths (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.98, P = 0.026 ...

Abstract	Background: Being breastfed is associated with lower cardiovascular risk factors but, to date, no studies have demonstrated a protective effect on cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aims to address the limitations of previous studies, specifically insufficient statistical power and residual confounding, to determine if such association exists. Methods: This is a population-based retrospective cohort study of 320 249 men and women aged 40-69 years. Breastfeeding status was self-reported. CVD and myocardial infarction (MI) events and deaths based via linkage to hospitalization and death records. Results: Overall, 28 469 (8.4%) participants experienced a CVD event and 5174 (1.6%) experienced an MI. Following adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle and early life confounders, breastfeeding was associated with a reduced risk of CVD events (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-1.00, P = 0.041), CVD deaths (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.98, P = 0.017), MI events (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.99, P = 0.033) and MI deaths (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.98, P = 0.026). Conclusions: Child health benefits of breastfeeding are well established. However, the benefits of breastfeeding may extend into later life reinforcing the need to encourage and support breastfeeding.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Child ; Humans ; Female ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Breast Feeding ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2142082-8
ISSN	1741-3850 ; 1741-3842
ISSN (online)	1741-3850
ISSN	1741-3842
DOI	10.1093/pubmed/fdad016
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Article ; Online: Association between 5-min Apgar score and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a Scotland-wide record linkage study of 758,423 school children.

Bala, Jecintha J / Bala, Joel D / Pell, Jill P / Fleming, Michael

BMC psychiatry

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 794

Abstract: Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects around 1 in 20 children and is associated with life-long sequelae. Previous studies of the association between Apgar score and ADHD have reported inconsistent findings.: Methods: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects around 1 in 20 children and is associated with life-long sequelae. Previous studies of the association between Apgar score and ADHD have reported inconsistent findings. Methods: Record linkage of maternity, prescribing and school pupil census databases was used to conduct a population e-cohort study of singleton children born in Scotland and attending school in Scotland at any point between 2009 and 2013. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between 5-min Apgar score and treated ADHD adjusting for sociodemographic and maternity confounders. Results: Of the 758,423 children, 7,292 (0.96%) received ADHD medication. The results suggested a potential dose-response relationship between Apgar score and treated ADHD independent of confounders. Referent to an Apgar score of 10, risk of treated ADHD was higher for scores of 0-3 (adjusted OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.32-2.34), 4-6 (adjusted OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.21-1.86) and even 7-9 (adjusted OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.18-1.36) which are traditionally considered within the normal range. Conclusions: In addition to reinforcing the need to maximise Apgar score through good obstetric practice, the findings suggest that Apgar score may be useful in predicting future risk of ADHD and therefore facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Child ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Apgar Score ; Parturition ; Scotland/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2050438-X
ISSN	1471-244X ; 1471-244X
ISSN (online)	1471-244X
ISSN	1471-244X
DOI	10.1186/s12888-023-05217-6
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Article ; Online: Reply to letter of Davie et al. regarding the article: "Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK Biobank" (Hastie et al.).

Pell, Jill P / Hastie, Claire E / Sattar, Naveed

Diabetes & metabolic syndrome

2021 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 642

MeSH term(s)	Biological Specimen Banks ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United Kingdom/epidemiology ; Vitamin D
Chemical Substances	Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2273766-2
ISSN	1878-0334 ; 1871-4021
ISSN (online)	1878-0334
ISSN	1871-4021
DOI	10.1016/j.dsx.2021.02.017
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Article ; Online: Trends in cardiovascular disease in Scottish military veterans: a retrospective cohort study.

Bergman, Beverly P / Mackay, Daniel F / Pell, Jill P

BMJ open

2021 Volume 11, Issue 7, Page(s) e044465

Abstract: ... of veterans and 4.8% of non-veterans overall, Cox proportional HR 1.16, 95% CIs 1.12 to 1.20, p=0.001 ...

Abstract	Objectives: To examine the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Scottish military veterans in comparison with people who had never served in long-term follow-up to 2017, and to compare the findings with our earlier study to 2012 to assess trends. Design: Retrospective cohort study with up to 37 years follow-up. Setting: Pseudo-anonymised extract of computerised Scottish National Health Service records and national vital records. Participants: 78 000 veterans and 253 000 people with no record of service matched for age, sex and area of residence. Outcome measures: Risk of first occurrence of acute myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease and stroke in veterans compared with non-veterans, overall and by sex and birth cohort. Results: A first episode of CVD was recorded in 5.7% of veterans and 4.8% of non-veterans overall, Cox proportional HR 1.16, 95% CIs 1.12 to 1.20, p=0.001. The difference was only significant for men, and for veterans born before 1960, and was highest in veterans with the shortest service. In all categories, the difference in risk was less than at the end of 2012. Conclusions: The excess burden of CVD in veterans which was evident at the end of 2012 has reduced in the following 5 years from 23% to 16% overall. The increased risk continues to affect only those veterans born prior to 1960, suggesting that improvements in military health promotion since 1978, when veterans born from 1960 joined the armed forces, have had an important and ongoing beneficial effect on the long-term health of veterans.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Scotland/epidemiology ; State Medicine ; Veterans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044465
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Article ; Online: Individual and joint associations of anxiety disorder and depression with cardiovascular disease: A UK Biobank prospective cohort study.

Nakada, Shinya / Ho, Frederick K / Celis-Morales, Carlos / Jackson, Caroline A / Pell, Jill P

European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists

2023 Volume 66, Issue 1, Page(s) e54

Abstract: Background: Growing evidence suggests that individuals with anxiety disorder have an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) but few studies have assessed this association independently of or jointly with depression.: Methods: We conducted a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Growing evidence suggests that individuals with anxiety disorder have an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) but few studies have assessed this association independently of or jointly with depression. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study using UK Biobank. Diagnoses of anxiety disorder, depression, and CVDs were ascertained through linked hospital admission and mortality data. Individual and joint associations between anxiety disorder and depression and CVD overall, as well as each of myocardial infarction, stroke/transient ischemic attack, and heart failure, were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models and interaction tests. Results: Among the 431,973 participants, the risk of CVD was higher among those who had been diagnosed with anxiety disorder only (hazard ratio [HR] 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32-2.24), depression only (HR 2.07; 95% CI 1.79-2.40), and both conditions (HR 2.89; 95% CI 2.03-4.11) compared to those without these conditions, respectively. There was very little evidence of multiplicative or additive interaction. Results were similar for myocardial infarction, stroke/transient ischemic attack, and heart failure. Conclusions: Having anxiety is associated with the same magnitude of increased risk of CVD among people who do not have depression and those who do. Anxiety disorder should be considered for inclusion in CVD risk prediction and stratification, in addition to depression.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/complications ; Prospective Studies ; Ischemic Attack, Transient/epidemiology ; Ischemic Attack, Transient/complications ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Risk Factors ; Anxiety Disorders/complications ; Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology ; Myocardial Infarction/complications ; Heart Failure/complications ; Stroke/complications ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1074337-6
ISSN	1778-3585 ; 0767-399X ; 0924-9338
ISSN (online)	1778-3585
ISSN	0767-399X ; 0924-9338
DOI	10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2425
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Article ; Online: Suicide among Scottish military veterans: follow-up and trends.

Bergman, Beverly P / Mackay, Daniel F / Pell, Jill P

Occupational and environmental medicine

2021 Volume 79, Issue 2, Page(s) 88–93

Abstract: Objectives: The risk of suicide among UK military veterans remains unclear. Few recent studies have been undertaken, and most studies found no clear evidence of increased risk. We used data from the Trends in Scottish Veterans Health cohort to ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The risk of suicide among UK military veterans remains unclear. Few recent studies have been undertaken, and most studies found no clear evidence of increased risk. We used data from the Trends in Scottish Veterans Health cohort to investigate suicides up to 2017 in order to examine whether there have been any changes in the long-term pattern of veteran suicides since our earlier study to 2012, and to compare trends in the risk of suicide among veterans with matched non-veterans. Method: Retrospective cohort study of 78 000 veterans and 253 000 non-veterans born between 1945 and 1995, matched for age, sex and area of residence, using survival analysis to examine the risk of suicide in veterans in comparison with non-veterans overall and by subgroup, and to investigate associations with specific mental health conditions. Results: Up to 37 years of follow-up, 388 (0.5%) veterans and 1531 (0.6%) non-veterans died from suicide. The risk of suicide among veterans did not differ from non-veterans overall. Increased risk among early service leavers was explained by differences in deprivation, and the previously reported increased risk in female veterans is now confined to older women. Suicide was most common in the fifth decade of life, and around 20 years postservice. A history of mood disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder was non-significantly more common in veterans. Conclusions: Veterans are not at increased risk of suicide overall. The highest risk for both men and women is in middle age, many years after leaving service.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mood Disorders/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Scotland/epidemiology ; Social Class ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; Suicide/statistics & numerical data ; Suicide/trends ; Veterans/statistics & numerical data
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1180733-7
ISSN	1470-7926 ; 1351-0711
ISSN (online)	1470-7926
ISSN	1351-0711
DOI	10.1136/oemed-2021-107713
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