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  1. Article: [Rezension von: Moore, Michael J., ..., Compensation mechanisms for job risks]

    Butler, Richard / Moore, Michael J

    Journal of economic literature 30 ,3, S. 1524-1525

    1992  

    Author's details Richard J. Butler
    Keywords 40;49
    Language English
    Publisher Assoc
    Publishing place Nashville, Tenn
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 3076-4 ; 2010159-4
    ISSN 0022-0515
    ISSN 0022-0515
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  2. Book ; Online: Securitization Revisited : Contemporary Applications and Insights

    Butler, Michael J.

    2019  

    Keywords Military history ; International relations ; Political control & freedoms ; Warfare & defence ; empirical applications; Climate Change; Conflict Management; Copenhagen School; constructivism; desecuritization; gender-based violence; inter-state conflict; processes; securitization; securitization applications; terrorism
    Size 1 electronic resource (232 pages)
    Publisher Taylor and Francis
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021031052
    ISBN 9780429054648 ; 0429054645
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article ; Online: The role of Western diets and obesity in peripheral immune cell recruitment and inflammation in the central nervous system.

    Butler, Michael J

    Brain, behavior, & immunity - health

    2021  Volume 16, Page(s) 100298

    Abstract: As the prevalence of obesity and chronic disease increases, the role of nutrition is taking center stage as a potential root cause of not just metabolic-related illnesses, but also of disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Consumption of a modern, ...

    Abstract As the prevalence of obesity and chronic disease increases, the role of nutrition is taking center stage as a potential root cause of not just metabolic-related illnesses, but also of disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Consumption of a modern, westernized diet, such as a high fat diet (HFD) that contains excess saturated fatty acids (SFAs), refined carbohydrates, and ultra-processed ingredients has been shown to induce neuroinflammation in multiple brain regions important for energy homeostasis, cognitive function, and mood regulation in rodents, non-human primates, and humans. This review article summarizes the literature showing Western diets, via SFA increases, can increase the reactivity and alter the function of multiple types of immune cells from both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system, with a specific focus on microglia, macrophages, dendritic cells, and T-cells. These changes in immune and neuroimmune signaling have important implications for neuroinflammation and brain health and will be an important factor in future psychoneuroimmunology research.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2666-3546
    ISSN (online) 2666-3546
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100298
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

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  4. Article: The skeletal completeness of the Palaeozoic chondrichthyan fossil record.

    Schnetz, Lisa / Butler, Richard J / Coates, Michael I / Sansom, Ivan J

    Royal Society open science

    2024  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 231451

    Abstract: Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, ratfish and their extinct relatives) originated and diversified in the Palaeozoic but are rarely preserved as articulated or partly articulated remains because of their predominantly cartilaginous endoskeletons. Consequently, ...

    Abstract Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, ratfish and their extinct relatives) originated and diversified in the Palaeozoic but are rarely preserved as articulated or partly articulated remains because of their predominantly cartilaginous endoskeletons. Consequently, their evolutionary history is perceived to be documented predominantly by isolated teeth, scales and fin spines. Here, we aim to capture and analyse the quality of the Palaeozoic chondrichthyan fossil record by using a variation of the skeletal completeness metric, which calculates how complete the skeletons of individuals are compared to estimates of their original entirety. Notably, chondrichthyan completeness is significantly lower than any published vertebrate group: low throughout the Silurian and Permian but peaking in the Devonian and Carboniferous. Scores increase to a range similar to pelycosaurs and parareptiles only when taxa identified solely from isolated teeth, scales and spines are excluded. We argue that environmental influences probably played an important role in chondrichthyan completeness. Sea level significantly negatively correlates with chondrichthyan completeness records and resembles patterns already evident in records of ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs and sauropodomorphs. Such observed variations in completeness highlight the impact of different sampling biases on the chondrichthyan fossil record and the need to acknowledge these when inferring patterns of chondrichthyan macroevolution.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2787755-3
    ISSN 2054-5703
    ISSN 2054-5703
    DOI 10.1098/rsos.231451
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Privacy-Preserving Gaze Data Streaming in Immersive Interactive Virtual Reality: Robustness and User Experience.

    Wilson, Ethan / Ibragimov, Azim / Proulx, Michael J / Tetali, Sai Deep / Butler, Kevin / Jain, Eakta

    IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics

    2024  Volume 30, Issue 5, Page(s) 2257–2268

    Abstract: Eye tracking is routinely being incorporated into virtual reality (VR) systems. Prior research has shown that eye tracking data, if exposed, can be used for re-identification attacks [14]. The state of our knowledge about currently existing privacy ... ...

    Abstract Eye tracking is routinely being incorporated into virtual reality (VR) systems. Prior research has shown that eye tracking data, if exposed, can be used for re-identification attacks [14]. The state of our knowledge about currently existing privacy mechanisms is limited to privacy-utility trade-off curves based on data-centric metrics of utility, such as prediction error, and black-box threat models. We propose that for interactive VR applications, it is essential to consider user-centric notions of utility and a variety of threat models. We develop a methodology to evaluate real-time privacy mechanisms for interactive VR applications that incorporate subjective user experience and task performance metrics. We evaluate selected privacy mechanisms using this methodology and find that re-identification accuracy can be decreased to as low as 14% while maintaining a high usability score and reasonable task performance. Finally, we elucidate three threat scenarios (black-box, black-box with exemplars, and white-box) and assess how well the different privacy mechanisms hold up to these adversarial scenarios. This work advances the state of the art in VR privacy by providing a methodology for end-to-end assessment of the risk of re-identification attacks and potential mitigating solutions. f.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1941-0506
    ISSN (online) 1941-0506
    DOI 10.1109/TVCG.2024.3372032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Primary School Students' Experiences using Minecraft Education during a National Project-Based Initiative: An Irish Study.

    Slattery, Eadaoin J / Butler, Deirdre / O'Leary, Michael / Marshall, Kevin

    TechTrends : for leaders in education & training

    2023  , Page(s) 1–13

    Abstract: Minecraft Education is a digital game-based learning platform that is thought to support the development of twenty-first century competencies and skills. The purpose of this study is to explore primary students' experiences of using Minecraft Education ... ...

    Abstract Minecraft Education is a digital game-based learning platform that is thought to support the development of twenty-first century competencies and skills. The purpose of this study is to explore primary students' experiences of using Minecraft Education during an innovative national project-based initiative. The initiative had two phases: 1) educational episodes for teachers and students on how to use the platform and 2) a national competition that required students to re-imagine a sustainable version of their community. We used a mixed-methods design with a sample of classes taking part in the initiative. First, third to sixth class students (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2144706-8
    ISSN 1559-7075 ; 8756-3894
    ISSN (online) 1559-7075
    ISSN 8756-3894
    DOI 10.1007/s11528-023-00851-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Aldosterone: Essential for Life but Damaging to the Vascular Endothelium.

    Crompton, Michael / Skinner, Laura J / Satchell, Simon C / Butler, Matthew J

    Biomolecules

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 6

    Abstract: The renin angiotensin aldosterone system is a key regulator of blood pressure. Aldosterone is the final effector of this pathway, acting predominantly via mineralocorticoid receptors. Aldosterone facilitates the conservation of sodium and, with it, water ...

    Abstract The renin angiotensin aldosterone system is a key regulator of blood pressure. Aldosterone is the final effector of this pathway, acting predominantly via mineralocorticoid receptors. Aldosterone facilitates the conservation of sodium and, with it, water and acts as a powerful stimulus for potassium excretion. However, evidence for the pathological impact of excess mineralocorticoid receptor stimulation is increasing. Here, we discussed how in the heart, hyperaldosteronism is associated with fibrosis, cardiac dysfunction, and maladaptive hypertrophy. In the kidney, aldosterone was shown to cause proteinuria and fibrosis and may contribute to the progression of kidney disease. More recently, studies suggested that aldosterone excess damaged endothelial cells. Here, we reviewed how damage to the endothelial glycocalyx may contribute to this process. The endothelial glycocalyx is a heterogenous, negatively charged layer on the luminal surface of cells. Aldosterone exposure alters this layer. The resulting structural changes reduced endothelial reactivity in response to protective shear stress, altered permeability, and increased immune cell trafficking. Finally, we reviewed current therapeutic strategies for limiting endothelial damage and suggested that preventing glycocalyx remodelling in response to aldosterone exposure may provide a novel strategy, free from the serious adverse effect of hyperkalaemia seen in response to mineralocorticoid blockade.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aldosterone/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Fibrosis
    Chemical Substances Aldosterone (4964P6T9RB) ; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2701262-1
    ISSN 2218-273X ; 2218-273X
    ISSN (online) 2218-273X
    ISSN 2218-273X
    DOI 10.3390/biom13061004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Measurement and control of foam generation in a mammalian cell culture.

    Flynn, James / Breen, Laura / Narayanan, Shankara / Butler, Michael

    Biotechnology progress

    2024  , Page(s) e3450

    Abstract: Foam is generated in mammalian cell cultures by excessive agitation or gas sparging. This occurs particularly in cultures that generate recombinant proteins at high cell concentrations. Three antifoam agents were tested for their compatibility with ... ...

    Abstract Foam is generated in mammalian cell cultures by excessive agitation or gas sparging. This occurs particularly in cultures that generate recombinant proteins at high cell concentrations. Three antifoam agents were tested for their compatibility with antibody-producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. One agent (antifoam 204) was completely inhibitory to growth at a concentration of 10 ppm, one agent (antifoam C) showed partial inhibition and a third (antifoam SE-15) showed no inhibition at this concentration. A novel foam image analyzer (LabCam) was used to evaluate two antifoams (C and SE-15) for their ability to dissipate foam generated in cell culture media by enhanced agitation. The presence of antifoam in the media reduced significantly the foam layer that was generated and this was shown to be rapidly dissipated in the presence of 10 ppm SE-15. The antifoams were also tested for foam dissipation in cultures of CHO cells at >10
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 165657-0
    ISSN 1520-6033 ; 8756-7938
    ISSN (online) 1520-6033
    ISSN 8756-7938
    DOI 10.1002/btpr.3450
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  9. Article ; Online: BASHH feedback from the 2023 IUSTI-Europe conference in Malta.

    Richardson, Daniel / Butler, Michael / Bull Olozabal, Oliver / Gupta, Nadi / Naser, Fahad / Sultan, Binta / Caswell, Rachel J

    Sexually transmitted infections

    2024  Volume 100, Issue 3, Page(s) 197–198

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Malta/epidemiology ; Feedback ; Europe/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1420303-0
    ISSN 1472-3263 ; 1368-4973
    ISSN (online) 1472-3263
    ISSN 1368-4973
    DOI 10.1136/sextrans-2024-056111
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ui VI Zs.108: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Reply to the Letter to the Editor: Regional differences in dietary use of immune-modulating catechins should be investigated regarding COVID-19.

    Butler, Michael J / Barrientos, Ruth M

    Brain, behavior, and immunity

    2020  Volume 89, Page(s) 528

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Catechin/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections ; Diet ; Immune System/physiology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Catechin (8R1V1STN48)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 639219-2
    ISSN 1090-2139 ; 0889-1591
    ISSN (online) 1090-2139
    ISSN 0889-1591
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.07.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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