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  1. Article: New approaches to combat

    Gerits, Evelien / Verstraeten, Natalie / Michiels, Jan

    Journal of oral microbiology

    2017  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 1300366

    Abstract: In nature, bacteria predominantly reside in structured, surface-attached communities embedded in a self-produced, extracellular matrix. These so-called biofilms play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of many infections, as they are ... ...

    Abstract In nature, bacteria predominantly reside in structured, surface-attached communities embedded in a self-produced, extracellular matrix. These so-called biofilms play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of many infections, as they are difficult to eradicate due to their resistance to antimicrobials and host defense mechanisms. This review focusses on the biofilm-forming periodontal bacterium
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2000-2297
    ISSN 2000-2297
    DOI 10.1080/20002297.2017.1300366
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Repurposing AM404 for the treatment of oral infections by Porphyromonas gingivalis.

    Gerits, Evelien / Spincemaille, Pieter / De Cremer, Kaat / De Brucker, Katrijn / Beullens, Serge / Thevissen, Karin / Cammue, Bruno P A / Vandamme, Katleen / Fauvart, Maarten / Verstraeten, Natalie / Michiels, Jan

    Clinical and experimental dental research

    2017  Volume 3, Issue 2, Page(s) 69–76

    Abstract: Porphyromonas ... ...

    Abstract Porphyromonas gingivalis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2829558-4
    ISSN 2057-4347
    ISSN 2057-4347
    DOI 10.1002/cre2.65
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Implant functionalization with mesoporous silica: A promising antibacterial strategy, but does such an implant osseointegrate?

    Vandamme, Katleen / Thevissen, Karin / Mesquita, Marcelo F / Coropciuc, Ruxandra-Gabriella / Agbaje, Jimoh / Thevissen, Patrick / da Silva, Wander José / Vleugels, Jozef / De Cremer, Kaat / Gerits, Evelien / Martens, Johan A / Michiels, Jan / Cammue, Bruno P A / Braem, Annabel

    Clinical and experimental dental research

    2020  Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) 502–511

    Abstract: Objectives: New strategies for implant surface functionalization in the prevention of peri-implantitis while not compromising osseointegration are currently explored. The aim of this in vivo study was to assess the osseointegration of a titanium-silica ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: New strategies for implant surface functionalization in the prevention of peri-implantitis while not compromising osseointegration are currently explored. The aim of this in vivo study was to assess the osseointegration of a titanium-silica composite implant, previously shown to enable controlled release of therapeutic concentrations of chlorhexidine, in the Göttingen mini-pig oral model.
    Material and methods: Three implant groups were designed: macroporous titanium implants (Ti-Porous); macroporous titanium implants infiltrated with mesoporous silica (Ti-Porous + SiO
    Results: Bone-to-implant contact and peri-implant bone volume for Ti-Porous versus Ti-Porous + SiO
    Conclusions: Next-generation implants made of macroporous Ti infiltrated with mesoporous SiO
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Dental Implants ; Peri-Implantitis/prevention & control ; Prostheses and Implants ; Silicon Dioxide ; Surface Properties ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Titanium
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Dental Implants ; Silicon Dioxide (7631-86-9) ; Titanium (D1JT611TNE)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2829558-4
    ISSN 2057-4347 ; 2057-4347
    ISSN (online) 2057-4347
    ISSN 2057-4347
    DOI 10.1002/cre2.389
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Repurposing Toremifene for Treatment of Oral Bacterial Infections.

    Gerits, Evelien / Defraine, Valerie / Vandamme, Katleen / De Cremer, Kaat / De Brucker, Katrijn / Thevissen, Karin / Cammue, Bruno P A / Beullens, Serge / Fauvart, Maarten / Verstraeten, Natalie / Michiels, Jan

    Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

    2017  Volume 61, Issue 3

    Abstract: The spread of antibiotic resistance and the challenges associated with antiseptics such as chlorhexidine have necessitated a search for new antibacterial agents against oral bacterial pathogens. As a result of failing traditional approaches, drug ... ...

    Abstract The spread of antibiotic resistance and the challenges associated with antiseptics such as chlorhexidine have necessitated a search for new antibacterial agents against oral bacterial pathogens. As a result of failing traditional approaches, drug repurposing has emerged as a novel paradigm to find new antibacterial agents. In this study, we examined the effects of the FDA-approved anticancer agent toremifene against the oral bacteria
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/ultrastructure ; Cell Membrane Permeability/drug effects ; Dental Plaque/drug therapy ; Dental Plaque/microbiology ; Drug Repositioning ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/physiology ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Periodontitis/drug therapy ; Periodontitis/microbiology ; Porphyromonas gingivalis/drug effects ; Porphyromonas gingivalis/metabolism ; Porphyromonas gingivalis/ultrastructure ; Streptococcus mutans/drug effects ; Streptococcus mutans/metabolism ; Streptococcus mutans/ultrastructure ; Titanium/analysis ; Toremifene/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ; Toremifene (7NFE54O27T) ; Titanium (D1JT611TNE)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 217602-6
    ISSN 1098-6596 ; 0066-4804
    ISSN (online) 1098-6596
    ISSN 0066-4804
    DOI 10.1128/AAC.01846-16
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: In vitro activity of the antiasthmatic drug zafirlukast against the oral pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans.

    Gerits, Evelien / Van der Massen, Isolde / Vandamme, Katleen / De Cremer, Kaat / De Brucker, Katrijn / Thevissen, Karin / Cammue, Bruno P A / Beullens, Serge / Fauvart, Maarten / Verstraeten, Natalie / Michiels, Jan

    FEMS microbiology letters

    2017  Volume 364, Issue 2

    Abstract: Oral infections are among the most common diseases worldwide. Many protocols for the prevention and treatment of oral infections have been described, yet no golden standard has been developed so far. The antiseptic chlorhexidine and antibiotics are often ...

    Abstract Oral infections are among the most common diseases worldwide. Many protocols for the prevention and treatment of oral infections have been described, yet no golden standard has been developed so far. The antiseptic chlorhexidine and antibiotics are often used in these treatment procedures. However, long-term use of chlorhexidine can lead to side effects and extensive use of antibiotics can promote the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which in turn can compromise the effectiveness of the treatment. Consequently, it remains important to search for new antibacterial agents for the treatment of oral infections. In this study, we report on the antibacterial activity of the antiasthma drug zafirlukast against oral pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans. Furthermore, its activity against oral biofilms grown on titanium surfaces was confirmed. In addition, we demonstrated that zafirlukast displays no cytotoxicity against human osteoblasts. Combined, this study paves the way for further research to determine the potential of zafirlukast to be used as a new antibiotic against oral pathogens.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Asthmatic Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Asthmatic Agents/toxicity ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/toxicity ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Drug Repositioning ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Osteoblasts/drug effects ; Porphyromonas gingivalis/drug effects ; Porphyromonas gingivalis/physiology ; Streptococcus mutans/drug effects ; Streptococcus mutans/physiology ; Tosyl Compounds/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Tosyl Compounds ; zafirlukast (XZ629S5L50)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 752343-9
    ISSN 1574-6968 ; 0378-1097
    ISSN (online) 1574-6968
    ISSN 0378-1097
    DOI 10.1093/femsle/fnx005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Oral administration of the broad-spectrum antibiofilm compound toremifene inhibits Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation in vivo.

    De Cremer, Kaat / Delattin, Nicolas / De Brucker, Katrijn / Peeters, Annelies / Kucharíková, Soña / Gerits, Evelien / Verstraeten, Natalie / Michiels, Jan / Van Dijck, Patrick / Cammue, Bruno P A / Thevissen, Karin

    Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

    2014  Volume 58, Issue 12, Page(s) 7606–7610

    Abstract: We here report on the in vitro activity of toremifene to inhibit biofilm formation of different fungal and bacterial pathogens, including Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida dubliniensis, Candida krusei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus ... ...

    Abstract We here report on the in vitro activity of toremifene to inhibit biofilm formation of different fungal and bacterial pathogens, including Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida dubliniensis, Candida krusei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. We validated the in vivo efficacy of orally administered toremifene against C. albicans and S. aureus biofilm formation in a rat subcutaneous catheter model. Combined, our results demonstrate the potential of toremifene as a broad-spectrum oral antibiofilm compound.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Candida/drug effects ; Candida/growth & development ; Candidiasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy ; Candidiasis, Cutaneous/microbiology ; Catheters, Indwelling ; Female ; Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy ; Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/growth & development ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/pharmacology ; Skin/drug effects ; Skin/microbiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus/growth & development ; Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects ; Staphylococcus epidermidis/growth & development ; Toremifene/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Infective Agents ; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators ; Toremifene (7NFE54O27T)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-10-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 217602-6
    ISSN 1098-6596 ; 0066-4804
    ISSN (online) 1098-6596
    ISSN 0066-4804
    DOI 10.1128/AAC.03869-14
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Elucidation of the Mode of Action of a New Antibacterial Compound Active against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

    Gerits, Evelien / Blommaert, Eline / Lippell, Anna / O'Neill, Alex J / Weytjens, Bram / De Maeyer, Dries / Fierro, Ana Carolina / Marchal, Kathleen / Marchand, Arnaud / Chaltin, Patrick / Spincemaille, Pieter / De Brucker, Katrijn / Thevissen, Karin / Cammue, Bruno P A / Swings, Toon / Liebens, Veerle / Fauvart, Maarten / Verstraeten, Natalie / Michiels, Jan

    PloS one

    2016  Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) e0155139

    Abstract: Nosocomial and community-acquired infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria represent a major human health problem. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of antibiotics with new modes of action. In this study, we investigated the ... ...

    Abstract Nosocomial and community-acquired infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria represent a major human health problem. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of antibiotics with new modes of action. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial characteristics and mode of action of a new antimicrobial compound, SPI031 (N-alkylated 3, 6-dihalogenocarbazol 1-(sec-butylamino)-3-(3,6-dichloro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)propan-2-ol), which was previously identified in our group. This compound exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including activity against the human pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We found that SPI031 has rapid bactericidal activity (7-log reduction within 30 min at 4x MIC) and that the frequency of resistance development against SPI031 is low. To elucidate the mode of action of SPI031, we performed a macromolecular synthesis assay, which showed that SPI031 causes non-specific inhibition of macromolecular biosynthesis pathways. Liposome leakage and membrane permeability studies revealed that SPI031 rapidly exerts membrane damage, which is likely the primary cause of its antibacterial activity. These findings were supported by a mutational analysis of SPI031-resistant mutants, a transcriptome analysis and the identification of transposon mutants with altered sensitivity to the compound. In conclusion, our results show that SPI031 exerts its antimicrobial activity by causing membrane damage, making it an interesting starting point for the development of new antibacterial therapies.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Biosynthetic Pathways/drug effects ; Carbazoles/chemistry ; Carbazoles/pharmacology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cell Membrane Permeability/drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects ; Fatty Acids/biosynthesis ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Regulatory Networks/drug effects ; Genes, Bacterial ; Kinetics ; Lipid Metabolism/drug effects ; Lipid Metabolism/genetics ; Liposomes/chemistry ; Macromolecular Substances/metabolism ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microbial Viability/drug effects ; Mutation/genetics ; Phospholipids/metabolism ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus/genetics ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Proteins ; Carbazoles ; Fatty Acids ; Liposomes ; Macromolecular Substances ; Phospholipids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-05-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0155139
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Antibacterial activity of a new broad-spectrum antibiotic covalently bound to titanium surfaces.

    Gerits, Evelien / Kucharíková, Soňa / Van Dijck, Patrick / Erdtmann, Martin / Krona, Annika / Lövenklev, Maria / Fröhlich, Mirjam / Dovgan, Barbara / Impellizzeri, Frédéric / Braem, Annabel / Vleugels, Jef / Robijns, Stijn C A / Steenackers, Hans P / Vanderleyden, Jozef / De Brucker, Katrijn / Thevissen, Karin / Cammue, Bruno P A / Fauvart, Maarten / Verstraeten, Natalie /
    Michiels, Jan

    Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society

    2016  Volume 34, Issue 12, Page(s) 2191–2198

    Abstract: Biofilm-associated infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, are a major cause of implant failure. Covalent coupling of broad-spectrum antimicrobials to implants is a promising approach to reduce the risk of infections. In this ... ...

    Abstract Biofilm-associated infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, are a major cause of implant failure. Covalent coupling of broad-spectrum antimicrobials to implants is a promising approach to reduce the risk of infections. In this study, we developed titanium substrates on which the recently discovered antibacterial agent SPI031, a N-alkylated 3, 6-dihalogenocarbazol 1-(sec-butylamino)-3-(3,6-dichloro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)propan-2-ol, was covalently linked (SPI031-Ti). We found that SPI031-Ti substrates prevent biofilm formation of S. aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro, as quantified by plate counting and fluorescence microscopy. To test the effectiveness of SPI031-Ti substrates in vivo, we used an adapted in vivo biomaterial-associated infection model in mice in which SPI031-Ti substrates were implanted subcutaneously and subsequently inoculated with S. aureus. Using this model, we found a significant reduction in biofilm formation (up to 98%) on SPI031-Ti substrates compared to control substrates. Finally, we demonstrated that the functionalization of the titanium surfaces with SPI031 did not influence the adhesion and proliferation of human cells important for osseointegration and bone repair. In conclusion, these data demonstrate the clinical potential of SPI031 to be used as an antibacterial coating for implants, thereby reducing the incidence of implant-associated infections. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:2191-2198, 2016.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use ; Carbazoles/pharmacology ; Carbazoles/therapeutic use ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Female ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/prevention & control ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Titanium
    Chemical Substances Anti-Infective Agents ; Carbazoles ; SPI031 ; Titanium (D1JT611TNE)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605542-4
    ISSN 1554-527X ; 0736-0266
    ISSN (online) 1554-527X
    ISSN 0736-0266
    DOI 10.1002/jor.23238
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Elucidation of the Mode of Action of a New Antibacterial Compound Active against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

    Evelien Gerits / Eline Blommaert / Anna Lippell / Alex J O'Neill / Bram Weytjens / Dries De Maeyer / Ana Carolina Fierro / Kathleen Marchal / Arnaud Marchand / Patrick Chaltin / Pieter Spincemaille / Katrijn De Brucker / Karin Thevissen / Bruno P A Cammue / Toon Swings / Veerle Liebens / Maarten Fauvart / Natalie Verstraeten / Jan Michiels

    PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 5, p e

    2016  Volume 0155139

    Abstract: Nosocomial and community-acquired infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria represent a major human health problem. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of antibiotics with new modes of action. In this study, we investigated the ... ...

    Abstract Nosocomial and community-acquired infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria represent a major human health problem. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of antibiotics with new modes of action. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial characteristics and mode of action of a new antimicrobial compound, SPI031 (N-alkylated 3, 6-dihalogenocarbazol 1-(sec-butylamino)-3-(3,6-dichloro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)propan-2-ol), which was previously identified in our group. This compound exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including activity against the human pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We found that SPI031 has rapid bactericidal activity (7-log reduction within 30 min at 4x MIC) and that the frequency of resistance development against SPI031 is low. To elucidate the mode of action of SPI031, we performed a macromolecular synthesis assay, which showed that SPI031 causes non-specific inhibition of macromolecular biosynthesis pathways. Liposome leakage and membrane permeability studies revealed that SPI031 rapidly exerts membrane damage, which is likely the primary cause of its antibacterial activity. These findings were supported by a mutational analysis of SPI031-resistant mutants, a transcriptome analysis and the identification of transposon mutants with altered sensitivity to the compound. In conclusion, our results show that SPI031 exerts its antimicrobial activity by causing membrane damage, making it an interesting starting point for the development of new antibacterial therapies.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 572
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Identification and characterization of an anti-pseudomonal dichlorocarbazol derivative displaying anti-biofilm activity.

    Liebens, Veerle / Gerits, Evelien / Knapen, Wouter J / Swings, Toon / Beullens, Serge / Steenackers, Hans P / Robijns, Stijn / Lippell, Anna / O'Neill, Alex J / Veber, Matija / Fröhlich, Mirjam / Krona, Annika / Lövenklev, Maria / Corbau, Romu / Marchand, Arnaud / Chaltin, Patrick / De Brucker, Katrijn / Thevissen, Karin / Cammue, Bruno P /
    Fauvart, Maarten / Verstraeten, Natalie / Michiels, Jan

    Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters

    2014  Volume 24, Issue 23, Page(s) 5404–5408

    Abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant towards all currently available antibiotics are increasingly encountered, raising the need for new anti-pseudomonal drugs. We therefore conducted a medium-throughput screen of a small-molecule collection resulting ...

    Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant towards all currently available antibiotics are increasingly encountered, raising the need for new anti-pseudomonal drugs. We therefore conducted a medium-throughput screen of a small-molecule collection resulting in the identification of the N-alkylated 3,6-dihalogenocarbazol 1-(sec-butylamino)-3-(3,6-dichloro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)propan-2-ol (MIC = 18.5 μg mL⁻¹). This compound, compound 1, is bacteriostatic towards a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including P. aeruginosa. Importantly, 1 also eradicates mature biofilms of P. aeruginosa. 1 displays no cytotoxicity against various human cell types, pointing to its potential for further development as a novel antibacterial drug.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Biofilms ; Carbazoles/analysis ; Carbazoles/chemistry ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Carbazoles
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-12-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1063195-1
    ISSN 1464-3405 ; 0960-894X
    ISSN (online) 1464-3405
    ISSN 0960-894X
    DOI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.039
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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