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Article ; Online: Timing of Cleft Palate Repair in Patients With and Without Robin Sequence.

Skolnick, Gary B / Keller, Matthew R / Baughman, Ethan J / Nguyen, Dennis C / Nickel, Katelin B / Naidoo, Sybill D / Olsen, Margaret A / Patel, Kamlesh B

The Journal of craniofacial surgery

2020 Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) 931–935

Abstract: ... patients with and without Robin Sequence using a national database of commercial healthcare claims ... Commercial Database based on ICD-9-CM and CPT procedure codes. They were divided into Robin and non-Robin ... cleft palate groups, and further divided by time of initial cleft palate repair: Robin Sequence into 2 ...

Abstract	Background: This cohort study aimed to assess how age at repair affects outcomes in nonsyndromic patients with and without Robin Sequence using a national database of commercial healthcare claims. Methods: Children under 4 years of age undergoing palatoplasty were identified in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database based on ICD-9-CM and CPT procedure codes. They were divided into Robin and non-Robin cleft palate groups, and further divided by time of initial cleft palate repair: Robin Sequence into 2 groups: age ≤10 months or >10 months; non-Robin cleft palate into 3 groups: age ≤10 months, >10-14 months, or >14 months age. Time to cleft palate revision within each group was assessed using Cox proportional-hazard models. Results: A total of 261 patients with Robin Sequence and 3046 with non-Robin cleft palate were identified. In patients with Robin, later repair was associated with decreased risk of secondary procedures compared with early repair (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.19, 95%CI 0.09-0.39, P < 0.001). In patients with non-Robin cleft palate, decreased risk of revision compared to early repair was associated both with repair at >10-14 months (adjusted HR 0.40, 95%CI 0.31-0.52, P < 0.001) and > 14 months (adjusted HR 0.71, 95%CI 0.57-0.88, P = 0.002). Adjusting for timing of repair, patients with non-Robin cleft palate were at significantly increased risk of secondary procedure if diagnosed with failure to thrive or anemia in the 30 days prior to palatoplasty. Conclusions: In patients with and without Robin sequence, cleft palate repair at or before 10 months of age was associated with higher risk for secondary procedures.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Palate/surgery ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Pierre Robin Syndrome/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1159501-2
ISSN	1536-3732 ; 1049-2275
ISSN (online)	1536-3732
ISSN	1049-2275
DOI	10.1097/SCS.0000000000007311
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Article: Pierre Robin sequence: Subdivision, data, theories, and treatment - Part 2: Syndromic and nonsyndromic Pierre Robin sequence.

Bütow, Kurt-W / Morkel, Jean A / Naidoo, Sharan / Zwahlen, Roger Arthur

Annals of maxillofacial surgery

2016 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 35–37

Abstract: Context: The disorder currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/anomaly/sequence (PRS) has been ... and genetic abnormalities were found in cases of Fairbairn-Robin triad (FRT) and Siebold-Robin ...

Abstract	Context: The disorder currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/anomaly/sequence (PRS) has been plagued by controversy ever since initially being described. Controversy exists not only about the appropriate terminology and etiopathogenesis of the disorder but also about its management. Clinical findings and treatment outcomes of a large database of 266 PRS cases were compared with the current state of knowledge in the scientific literature, relating to history, clinical description, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, theories of oligohydramnios, mandibular catch-up growth, midfacial hyperplasia, and the early management. Aims of part 2: Contribute to the sparse scientific knowledge about pathogenesis and involved genetics. Subjects and methods: An analysis of this large database was conducted focusing on genetic involvement, family history, and the incidence of additional syndromes. Results: Beside of differences related to clinical signs of dyspnea, feeding problems and mortality rates, various concomitant syndromes, and genetic abnormalities were found in cases of Fairbairn-Robin triad (FRT) and Siebold-Robin sequence (SRS), in addition to differences in relation to clinical signs of dyspnea, feeding problems, and mortality rates. Conclusion: Multiple FRT cases presented with various concomitant syndromes and genetic abnormalities, but only one type occurred in two SRS cases. The latter presented a significantly different mortality rate when compared to the FRT subgroup.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-08-11
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2696991-9
ISSN	2249-3816 ; 2231-0746
ISSN (online)	2249-3816
ISSN	2231-0746
DOI	10.4103/2231-0746.186134
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Pierre Robin sequence: Subdivision, data, theories, and treatment - Part 4: Recommended management and treatment of Pierre Robin sequence and its application.

Bütow, Kurt-W / Naidoo, Sharan / Zwahlen, Roger Arthur / Morkel, Jean A

Annals of maxillofacial surgery

2016 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 44–49

Abstract: Context: The disorder currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/anomaly/sequence (PRS) has been ... for Fairbairn-Robin triad (FRT) and Siebold Robin sequence (SRS) patients based on clinical findings and ...

Abstract	Context: The disorder currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/anomaly/sequence (PRS) has been plagued by controversy ever since initially being described. Controversy exists not only about the appropriate terminology and etiopathogenesis of the disorder but also about its management. Therefore, clinical findings and treatment outcomes of a large database of 266 PRS cases were compared with the current state of knowledge in the scientific literature related to history, clinical description, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, theories of oligohydramnios, mandibular catch-up growth, midfacial hyperplasia, and early management. Aims of part 4: To provide a systematic treatment protocol for Fairbairn-Robin triad (FRT) and Siebold Robin sequence (SRS) patients based on clinical findings and experience with 266 PRS cases. Subjects and methods: A plethora of treatment modalities and their outcome in literature have been compared to those applied in this database and their outcomes. Results: The management of SRS/FRT depends on various factors including compromised airways, feeding difficulties, as well as the sequence of the reconstructive ladder. Conclusion: Based on the novel PRS subdivisions, a stepwise sequential treatment approach is outlined, addressing the particular needs of each disorder systematically.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-08-11
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2696991-9
ISSN	2249-3816 ; 2231-0746
ISSN (online)	2249-3816
ISSN	2231-0746
DOI	10.4103/2231-0746.186136
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Article: Pierre Robin sequence: Subdivision, data, theories, and treatment - Part 3: Prevailing controversial theories related to Pierre Robin sequence.

Bütow, Kurt-W / Zwahlen, Roger Arthur / Morkel, Jean A / Naidoo, Sharan

Annals of maxillofacial surgery

2016 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 38–43

Abstract: Context: The disorder currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/anomaly/sequence (PRS) has been ... been compared and discussed with the findings provided by this large database of 266 Siebold-Robin ... sequence (SRS) and Fairbairn-Robin triad (FRT) cases.: Results: History and clinical findings evaluated ...

Abstract	Context: The disorder currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/anomaly/sequence (PRS) has been plagued by controversy ever since initially being described. Controversy exists not only about the appropriate terminology and etiopathogenesis of the disorder but also about its management. Therefore, clinical findings and treatment outcomes of a large database of 266 PRS cases were compared with the current state of knowledge in the scientific literature related to history, clinical description, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, theories of oligohydramnios, mandibular catch-up growth, midfacial hyperplasia, and the early management. Aim: The aims of Part 3 debate the controversial biological theories relating to PRS. Materials and methods: Oligo-/poly-hydramnios, mandibular catch-up growth, and midfacial hyperplasia, the three in the literature most prevailing theories related to PRS, have been compared and discussed with the findings provided by this large database of 266 Siebold-Robin sequence (SRS) and Fairbairn-Robin triad (FRT) cases. Results: History and clinical findings evaluated in this database refute the first two theories. Although manifold midfacial appearances were demonstrated in FRT cases, a third of all SRS cases presented with mid-facial hyperplasia. Conclusion: The three main biological theories regarding PRS could not be verified after thorough analysis of the database.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-08-11
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2696991-9
ISSN	2249-3816 ; 2231-0746
ISSN (online)	2249-3816
ISSN	2231-0746
DOI	10.4103/2231-0746.186135
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Article: Pierre Robin sequence: Subdivision, data, theories, and treatment - Part 1: History, subdivisions, and data.

Bütow, Kurt-W / Zwahlen, Roger Arthur / Morkel, Jean A / Naidoo, Sharan

Annals of maxillofacial surgery

2016 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 31–34

Abstract: Context: The disorder currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/anomaly/sequence (PRS) has been ... diagnostic criteria two subdivisions, the Fairbairn-Robin triad (FRT) and the Siebold-Robin sequence (SRS ...

Abstract	Context: The disorder currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/anomaly/sequence (PRS) has been plagued by controversy ever since initially being described. Controversy exists not only about the appropriate terminology and etiopathogenesis of the disorder but also about its management. Therefore, clinical findings and treatment outcomes of a large database of 266 PRS cases were compared with the current state of knowledge in scientific literature related to history, clinical description, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, theories of oligohydramnios, mandibular catch-up growth, midfacial hyperplasia, and the timing of management. Aims of part 1: Display disparities of the widely published subject of PRS that exist within the literature. Subjects and methods: A literature search related to diagnostic criteria was compared to findings of one of the largest PRS databases worldwide. Results: Regarding diagnostic criteria two subdivisions, the Fairbairn-Robin triad (FRT) and the Siebold-Robin sequence (SRS) can be clearly distinguished. Both present with micrognathia and glossoptosis, the former with, the latter, however, without a palatal cleft. Conclusions: According to clear diagnostic criteria, PRS has to be subdivided in the future into FRT and SRS cases, as they may require different treatment approaches.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-08-25
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2696991-9
ISSN	2249-3816 ; 2231-0746
ISSN (online)	2249-3816
ISSN	2231-0746
DOI	10.4103/2231-0746.186133
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Shifting baselines and biodiversity success stories.

Mehrabi, Zia / Naidoo, Robin

Nature

2022 Volume 601, Issue 7894, Page(s) E17–E18

MeSH term(s)	Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/s41586-021-03750-6
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Article ; Online: Human presence and infrastructure impact wildlife nocturnality differently across an assemblage of mammalian species.

Procko, Michael / Naidoo, Robin / LeMay, Valerie / Burton, A Cole

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) e0286131

Abstract: Wildlife species may shift towards more nocturnal behavior in areas of higher human influence, but it is unclear how consistent this shift might be. We investigated how humans impact large mammal diel activities in a heavily recreated protected area and ... ...

Abstract	Wildlife species may shift towards more nocturnal behavior in areas of higher human influence, but it is unclear how consistent this shift might be. We investigated how humans impact large mammal diel activities in a heavily recreated protected area and an adjacent university-managed forest in southwest British Columbia, Canada. We used camera trap detections of humans and wildlife, along with data on land-use infrastructure (e.g., recreation trails and restricted-access roads), in Bayesian regression models to investigate impacts of human disturbance on wildlife nocturnality. We found moderate evidence that black bears (Ursus americanus) were more nocturnal in response to human detections (mean posterior estimate = 0.35, 90% credible interval = 0.04 to 0.65), but no other clear relationships between wildlife nocturnality and human detections. However, we found evidence that coyotes (Canis latrans) (estimates = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.46 to 1.17) were more nocturnal and snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) (estimate = -0.87, 95% CI = -1.29 to -0.46) were less nocturnal in areas of higher trail density. We also found that coyotes (estimate = -0.87, 95% CI = -1.29 to -0.46) and cougars (Puma concolor) (estimate = -1.14, 90% CI = -2.16 to -0.12) were less nocturnal in areas of greater road density. Furthermore, coyotes, black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and snowshoe hares were moderately more nocturnal in areas near urban-wildland boundaries (estimates and 90% CIs: coyote = -0.29, -0.55 to -0.04, black-tailed deer = -0.25, -0.45 to -0.04, snowshoe hare = -0.24, -0.46 to -0.01). Our findings imply anthropogenic landscape features may influence medium to large-sized mammal diel activities more than direct human presence. While increased nocturnality may be a promising mechanism for human-wildlife coexistence, shifts in temporal activity can also have negative repercussions for wildlife, warranting further research into the causes and consequences of wildlife responses to increasingly human-dominated landscapes.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Animals, Wild/physiology ; Coyotes/physiology ; Hares ; Bayes Theorem ; Deer ; British Columbia ; Ecosystem
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0286131
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Article ; Online: Reset Sustainable Development Goals for a pandemic world.

Naidoo, Robin / Fisher, Brendan

Nature

2020 Volume 583, Issue 7815, Page(s) 198–201

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/economics ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Economic Recession ; Environmental Policy/trends ; Female ; Global Warming/economics ; Global Warming/prevention & control ; Global Warming/statistics & numerical data ; Goals ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pandemics/economics ; Pneumonia, Viral/economics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Policy Making ; Population Growth ; Pregnancy ; Sustainable Development/economics ; Sustainable Development/trends ; United Nations/organization & administration
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/d41586-020-01999-x
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Article ; Online: Private and civic actions as distinct types of individual engagement for transforming the exotic pet trade

Rumi Naito / Jiaying Zhao / Robin Naidoo / Kai M. A. Chan

People and Nature, Vol 5, Iss 5, Pp 1526-

2023 Volume 1538

Abstract: Abstract In the pathway toward environmental sustainability, it is important that we understand how individuals can make a difference through diverse types of engagement. Theories suggest that transformative change toward a sustainable future requires ... ...

Abstract	Abstract In the pathway toward environmental sustainability, it is important that we understand how individuals can make a difference through diverse types of engagement. Theories suggest that transformative change toward a sustainable future requires individuals to engage in not only private actions (e.g. household energy saving, recycling) but also social‐signalling and system‐changing civic actions (e.g. opinion sharing, voting, petition signing and protesting). Yet, past research on pro‐environmental behaviour has primarily focused on private actions, while overlooking individual contributions to facilitating widespread change through civic actions. We use the exotic pet trade as a focal case to understand how individuals may act to promote environmental sustainability through different patterns of engagement and what factors might explain these distinct patters of action. Results from an online survey about behavioural intentions in the United States (n = 527) revealed three types of individual action that could transform the exotic pet trade. Private actions clustered separately from civic actions. Within the category of civic actions, a distinction emerged between lower social‐commitment actions and higher social‐commitment actions, based on the perceived level of social engagement and personal efforts involved. We also found that each type of action was associated with unique factors, highlighting the importance of attitudes, perceived social norms, and relational values for variously promoting individual engagement among the U.S. public. Our findings suggest that these distinct types of action should be treated differently when designing future wildlife conservation campaigns and behaviour change interventions. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Keywords	attitudes ; behaviour change ; collective action ; relational values ; social norms ; transformative change ; Human ecology. Anthropogeography ; GF1-900 ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Human presence and infrastructure impact wildlife nocturnality differently across an assemblage of mammalian species

Michael Procko / Robin Naidoo / Valerie LeMay / A. Cole Burton

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss

2023 Volume 5

Abstract	Wildlife species may shift towards more nocturnal behavior in areas of higher human influence, but it is unclear how consistent this shift might be. We investigated how humans impact large mammal diel activities in a heavily recreated protected area and an adjacent university-managed forest in southwest British Columbia, Canada. We used camera trap detections of humans and wildlife, along with data on land-use infrastructure (e.g., recreation trails and restricted-access roads), in Bayesian regression models to investigate impacts of human disturbance on wildlife nocturnality. We found moderate evidence that black bears (Ursus americanus) were more nocturnal in response to human detections (mean posterior estimate = 0.35, 90% credible interval = 0.04 to 0.65), but no other clear relationships between wildlife nocturnality and human detections. However, we found evidence that coyotes (Canis latrans) (estimates = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.46 to 1.17) were more nocturnal and snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) (estimate = -0.87, 95% CI = -1.29 to -0.46) were less nocturnal in areas of higher trail density. We also found that coyotes (estimate = -0.87, 95% CI = -1.29 to -0.46) and cougars (Puma concolor) (estimate = -1.14, 90% CI = -2.16 to -0.12) were less nocturnal in areas of greater road density. Furthermore, coyotes, black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and snowshoe hares were moderately more nocturnal in areas near urban-wildland boundaries (estimates and 90% CIs: coyote = -0.29, -0.55 to -0.04, black-tailed deer = -0.25, -0.45 to -0.04, snowshoe hare = -0.24, -0.46 to -0.01). Our findings imply anthropogenic landscape features may influence medium to large-sized mammal diel activities more than direct human presence. While increased nocturnality may be a promising mechanism for human-wildlife coexistence, shifts in temporal activity can also have negative repercussions for wildlife, warranting further research into the causes and consequences of wildlife responses to increasingly human-dominated landscapes.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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