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  1. Article ; Online: Adjuvant materials that enhance bovine γδ T cell responses.

    Hedges, Jodi F / Holderness, Jeff / Jutila, Mark A

    Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

    2016  Volume 181, Page(s) 30–38

    Abstract: Despite the availability of vaccines and antibiotics, viral, bacterial and parasite-induced intestinal and pulmonary diseases still cause significant losses to the livestock industry. Excepting improvements in calf survival due to predation, there have ... ...

    Abstract Despite the availability of vaccines and antibiotics, viral, bacterial and parasite-induced intestinal and pulmonary diseases still cause significant losses to the livestock industry. Excepting improvements in calf survival due to predation, there have been only modest improvements in bovine calf survival since 1991. Strikingly, digestive and respiratory diseases still account for almost half of the non-predator deaths in calves. The innate immune system has evolved to rapidly recognize and respond to invasive microbial threats. Augmentation of innate immunity is a broad-spectrum, potent and non-specific alternative approach to effectively counter a microbial invasion. In recent years we have focused our research efforts on the development of effective and inexpensive adjuvant therapies for cattle that can be used to help mitigate infection. Unique in our approach to the development of the potential new treatments, is our focus on bovine γδ T cells, which are important lymphocytes of the innate immune system and of particular importance to ruminant immunological health. This review focuses on recent results obtained using two such adjuvant materials.
    MeSH term(s) Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology ; Amphotericin B/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cattle/immunology ; Euterpe ; Immunity, Innate/drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/analysis ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
    Chemical Substances Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Plant Extracts ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta ; Amphotericin B (7XU7A7DROE)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 754160-0
    ISSN 1873-2534 ; 0165-2427
    ISSN (online) 1873-2534
    ISSN 0165-2427
    DOI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.03.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Adjuvant materials that enhance bovine γδ T cell responses

    Hedges, Jodi F / Holderness, Jeff / Jutila, Mark A

    Veterinary immunology and immunopathology. 2016 Nov. 15, v. 181

    2016  

    Abstract: Despite the availability of vaccines and antibiotics, viral, bacterial and parasite-induced intestinal and pulmonary diseases still cause significant losses to the livestock industry. Excepting improvements in calf survival due to predation, there have ... ...

    Abstract Despite the availability of vaccines and antibiotics, viral, bacterial and parasite-induced intestinal and pulmonary diseases still cause significant losses to the livestock industry. Excepting improvements in calf survival due to predation, there have been only modest improvements in bovine calf survival since 1991. Strikingly, digestive and respiratory diseases still account for almost half of the non-predator deaths in calves. The innate immune system has evolved to rapidly recognize and respond to invasive microbial threats. Augmentation of innate immunity is a broad-spectrum, potent and non-specific alternative approach to effectively counter a microbial invasion. In recent years we have focused our research efforts on the development of effective and inexpensive adjuvant therapies for cattle that can be used to help mitigate infection. Unique in our approach to the development of the potential new treatments, is our focus on bovine γδ T cells, which are important lymphocytes of the innate immune system and of particular importance to ruminant immunological health. This review focuses on recent results obtained using two such adjuvant materials.
    Keywords adjuvants ; antibiotics ; calves ; innate immunity ; livestock and meat industry ; predation ; respiratory tract diseases ; T-lymphocytes ; vaccines
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-1115
    Size p. 30-38.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 754160-0
    ISSN 1873-2534 ; 0165-2427
    ISSN (online) 1873-2534
    ISSN 0165-2427
    DOI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.03.010
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Comparative biology of γδ T cell function in humans, mice, and domestic animals.

    Holderness, Jeff / Hedges, Jodi F / Ramstead, Andrew / Jutila, Mark A

    Annual review of animal biosciences

    2013  Volume 1, Page(s) 99–124

    Abstract: γδ T cells are a functionally heterogeneous population and contribute to many early immune responses. The majority of their activity is described in humans and mice, but the immune systems of all jawed vertebrates include the γδ T cell lineage. Although ... ...

    Abstract γδ T cells are a functionally heterogeneous population and contribute to many early immune responses. The majority of their activity is described in humans and mice, but the immune systems of all jawed vertebrates include the γδ T cell lineage. Although some aspects of γδ T cells vary between species, critical roles in early immune responses are often conserved. Common features of γδ T cells include innate receptor expression, antigen presentation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production. Herein we compare studies describing these conserved γδ T cell functions and other, potentially unique, functions. γδ T cells are well documented for their potential immunotherapeutic properties; however, these proposed therapies are often focused on human diseases and the mouse models thereof. This review consolidates some of these studies with those in other animals to provide a consensus for the current understanding of γδ T cell function across species.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression Regulation/immunology ; Humans ; Mice ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2700164-7
    ISSN 2165-8110 ; 2165-8102
    ISSN (online) 2165-8110
    ISSN 2165-8102
    DOI 10.1146/annurev-animal-031412-103639
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Oral delivery of oligomeric procyanidins in Apple Poly® enhances type I IFN responses in vivo.

    Snyder, Deann T / Robison, Amanda / Kemoli, Sharon / Kimmel, Emily / Holderness, Jeff / Jutila, Mark A / Hedges, Jodi F

    Journal of leukocyte biology

    2014  Volume 95, Issue 5, Page(s) 841–847

    Abstract: Type I IFN signaling is a central pathway that provides critical innate protection from viral and bacterial infection and can have regulatory outcomes in inflammatory settings. We determined previously that OPCs contained in the dietary supplement APP ... ...

    Abstract Type I IFN signaling is a central pathway that provides critical innate protection from viral and bacterial infection and can have regulatory outcomes in inflammatory settings. We determined previously that OPCs contained in the dietary supplement APP enhanced responses to type I IFN in vitro. Here, we confirm that OPCs from two different sources significantly increased pSTAT1, whereas a monomeric form of procyanidin did not. We hypothesized that similar responses could be induced in vivo following ingestion of APP. Ingestion of APP before injection of polyI:C enhanced in vivo responses to type I IFNs in mice. When human subjects ingested APP, enhanced responses to type I IFN and enhanced pSTAT1 ex vivo were detected, whereas ingestion of RES, a monomeric polyphenol, induced minimal such changes. Polyphenols are best known for induction of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses; however, our findings suggest a unique, nonantioxidant aspect of OPCs that is broadly applicable to many disease settings. The capacity of oral OPCs to enhance type I IFN signaling in vivo can augment innate protection and may, in part, contribute to the noted anti-inflammatory outcome of ingestion of OPCs from many sources.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biflavonoids/administration & dosage ; Catechin/administration & dosage ; Chlorogenic Acid/administration & dosage ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Flavonoids/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/drug effects ; Interferon Type I/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Proanthocyanidins/administration & dosage ; Tannins/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Biflavonoids ; Flavonoids ; Interferon Type I ; Proanthocyanidins ; Tannins ; apple polyphenol extract ; Chlorogenic Acid (318ADP12RI) ; procyanidin (4852-22-6) ; Catechin (8R1V1STN48)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 605722-6
    ISSN 1938-3673 ; 0741-5400
    ISSN (online) 1938-3673
    ISSN 0741-5400
    DOI 10.1189/jlb.0513296
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 603: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article: Antigen-independent priming: a transitional response of bovine gammadelta T-cells to infection.

    Jutila, Mark A / Holderness, Jeff / Graff, Jill C / Hedges, Jodi F

    Animal health research reviews

    2008  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 47–57

    Abstract: Analysis of global gene expression in immune cells has provided unique insights into immune system function and response to infection. Recently, we applied microarray and serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) techniques to the study of gammadelta T- ... ...

    Abstract Analysis of global gene expression in immune cells has provided unique insights into immune system function and response to infection. Recently, we applied microarray and serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) techniques to the study of gammadelta T-cell function in humans and cattle. The intent of this review is to summarize the knowledge gained since our original comprehensive studies of bovine gammadelta T-cell subsets. More recently, we have characterized the effects of mucosal infection or treatment with microbial products or mitogens on gene expression patterns in sorted gammadelta and alphabeta T-cells. These studies provided new insights into the function of bovine gammadelta T-cells and led to a model in which response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) induces 'priming' of gammadelta T-cells, resulting in more robust responses to downstream cytokine and/or antigen signals. PAMP primed gammadelta T-cells are defined by up-regulation of a select number of cytokines, including MIP1alpha and MIP1beta, and by antigens such as surface IL2 receptor alpha (IL-2Ralpha) and CD69, in the absence of a prototypic marker for an activated gammadelta T-cell, IFN-gamma. Furthermore, PAMP primed gammadelta T-cells are more capable of proliferation in response to IL-2 or IL-15 in the absence of antigen. PAMPs such as endotoxin, peptidoglycan and beta-glucan are effective gammadelta T-cell priming agents, but the most potent antigen-independent priming agonists defined to date are condensed oligomeric tannins produced by some plants.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Lymphocyte Activation/genetics ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/microbiology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2072117-1
    ISSN 1475-2654 ; 1466-2523
    ISSN (online) 1475-2654
    ISSN 1466-2523
    DOI 10.1017/S1466252307001363
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Z 7597: Show issues

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  6. Article ; Online: Tolerant anti-insulin B cells are effective APCs.

    Kendall, Peggy L / Case, James B / Sullivan, Allison M / Holderness, Jeff S / Wells, K Sam / Liu, Edwin / Thomas, James W

    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

    2013  Volume 190, Issue 6, Page(s) 2519–2526

    Abstract: Autoreactive B lymphocytes that are not culled by central tolerance in the bone marrow frequently enter the peripheral repertoire in a state of functional impairment, termed anergy. These cells are recognized as a liability for autoimmunity, but their ... ...

    Abstract Autoreactive B lymphocytes that are not culled by central tolerance in the bone marrow frequently enter the peripheral repertoire in a state of functional impairment, termed anergy. These cells are recognized as a liability for autoimmunity, but their contribution to disease is not well understood. Insulin-specific 125Tg B cells support T cell-mediated type 1 diabetes in NOD mice, despite being anergic to B cell mitogens and T cell-dependent immunization. Using this model, the potential of anergic, autoreactive B cells to present Ag and activate T cells was investigated. The data show that 1) insulin is captured and rapidly internalized by 125Tg BCRs, 2) these Ag-exposed B cells are competent to activate both experienced and naive CD4(+) T cells, 3) anergic 125Tg B cells are more efficient than naive B cells at activating T cells when Ag is limiting, and 4) 125Tg B cells are competent to generate low-affinity insulin B chain epitopes necessary for activation of diabetogenic anti-insulin BDC12-4.1 T cells, indicating the pathological relevance of anergic B cells in type 1 diabetes. Thus, phenotypically tolerant B cells that are retained in the repertoire may promote autoimmunity by driving activation and expansion of autoaggressive T cells via Ag presentation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/metabolism ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/pathology ; B-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology ; B-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism ; B-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Clonal Anergy/immunology ; Coculture Techniques ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism ; Immune Tolerance ; Insulin Antibodies/therapeutic use ; Lymphocyte Activation/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, Transgenic ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/physiology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
    Chemical Substances Insulin Antibodies ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3056-9
    ISSN 1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    ISSN (online) 1550-6606
    ISSN 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.1202104
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Ud II Zs.37: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Oligomeric procyanidins stimulate innate antiviral immunity in dengue virus infected human PBMCs.

    Kimmel, Emily M / Jerome, Maria / Holderness, Jeff / Snyder, Deann / Kemoli, Sharon / Jutila, Mark A / Hedges, Jodi F

    Antiviral research

    2011  Volume 90, Issue 1, Page(s) 80–86

    Abstract: Oligomeric procyanidins (OPCs) have been shown to have antiviral and immunostimulatory effects. OPCs isolated from non-ripe apple peel were tested for capacity to reduce dengue virus (DENV) titers. Similar to published accounts, OPCs exhibited direct ... ...

    Abstract Oligomeric procyanidins (OPCs) have been shown to have antiviral and immunostimulatory effects. OPCs isolated from non-ripe apple peel were tested for capacity to reduce dengue virus (DENV) titers. Similar to published accounts, OPCs exhibited direct antiviral activity. The possibility of enhanced innate immune protection was also tested by measuring and characterizing gene and protein expression induced by OPCs during DENV infection. Treatment of DENV-infected human PBMCs with OPCs decreased viral titers and affected the expression of critical innate antiviral immune products. OPCs enhanced expression of MXI and IFNB transcripts in high MOI DENV infected PBMC cultures, and phosphorylation of STAT2 in response to recombinant type I IFN (IFN I). During low MOI infection, addition of OPCs increased expression of STAT1 transcripts, MHC I and TNFα protein production. Thus, OPCs exhibited innate immune stimulation of cells in DENV-infected cultures and uninfected cells treated with IFN I. While OPCs from a number of sources are known to exhibit antiviral effects, their mechanisms are not precisely defined. The capacity of OPCs to increase sensitivity to IFN I could be broadly applicable to many viral infections and two separate antiviral mechanisms suggest that OPCs may represent a novel, robust antiviral therapy.
    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/isolation & purification ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dengue Virus/immunology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/isolation & purification ; Immunologic Factors/pharmacology ; Interferons/biosynthesis ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology ; Malus/chemistry ; Proanthocyanidins/isolation & purification ; Proanthocyanidins/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Immunologic Factors ; Proanthocyanidins ; Interferons (9008-11-1)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 306628-9
    ISSN 1872-9096 ; 0166-3542
    ISSN (online) 1872-9096
    ISSN 0166-3542
    DOI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.02.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1627: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Polysaccharides isolated from Açaí fruit induce innate immune responses.

    Holderness, Jeff / Schepetkin, Igor A / Freedman, Brett / Kirpotina, Liliya N / Quinn, Mark T / Hedges, Jodi F / Jutila, Mark A

    PloS one

    2011  Volume 6, Issue 2, Page(s) e17301

    Abstract: The Açaí (Acai) fruit is a popular nutritional supplement that purportedly enhances immune system function. These anecdotal claims are supported by limited studies describing immune responses to the Acai polyphenol fraction. Previously, we characterized ... ...

    Abstract The Açaí (Acai) fruit is a popular nutritional supplement that purportedly enhances immune system function. These anecdotal claims are supported by limited studies describing immune responses to the Acai polyphenol fraction. Previously, we characterized γδ T cell responses to both polyphenol and polysaccharide fractions from several plant-derived nutritional supplements. Similar polyphenol and polysaccharide fractions are found in Acai fruit. Thus, we hypothesized that one or both of these fractions could activate γδ T cells. Contrary to previous reports, we did not identify agonist activity in the polyphenol fraction; however, the Acai polysaccharide fraction induced robust γδ T cell stimulatory activity in human, mouse, and bovine PBMC cultures. To characterize the immune response to Acai polysaccharides, we fractionated the crude polysaccharide preparation and tested these fractions for activity in human PBMC cultures. The largest Acai polysaccharides were the most active in vitro as indicated by activation of myeloid and γδ T cells. When delivered in vivo, Acai polysaccharide induced myeloid cell recruitment and IL-12 production. These results define innate immune responses induced by the polysaccharide component of Acai and have implications for the treatment of asthma and infectious disease.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Arecaceae/chemistry ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Fruit/chemistry ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor alpha ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/drug effects ; Immunity, Innate/genetics ; Immunity, Innate/physiology ; Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/genetics ; Phenols/pharmacology ; Polysaccharides/isolation & purification ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics ; Up-Regulation/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Myd88 protein, mouse ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; Phenols ; Polysaccharides ; Tlr4 protein, mouse ; Toll-Like Receptor 4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0017301
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Response of gammadelta T Cells to plant-derived tannins.

    Holderness, Jeff / Hedges, Jodi F / Daughenbaugh, Katie / Kimmel, Emily / Graff, Jill / Freedman, Brett / Jutila, Mark A

    Critical reviews in immunology

    2009  Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 377–402

    Abstract: Many pharmaceutical drugs arc isolated from plants used in traditional medicines, and new plant-derived pharmaceutical drugs continue to be identified. Relevant to this review, different plant-derived agonists for gammadelta T cells are described that ... ...

    Abstract Many pharmaceutical drugs arc isolated from plants used in traditional medicines, and new plant-derived pharmaceutical drugs continue to be identified. Relevant to this review, different plant-derived agonists for gammadelta T cells are described that impart effector functions upon distinct subsets of these cells. Recently, plant tannins have been defined as one class of gammadelta T cell agonist and appear to preferentially activate the mucosal population. Mucosal gammadelta T cells function to modulate tissue immune responses and induce epithelium repair. Select tannins, isolated from apple peel, rapidly induce immune gene transcription in gammadelta T cells, leading to cytokinc production and increased responsiveness to secondary signals. Activity of these tannin preparations tracks to the procyanidin fraction, with the procyanidin trimer (C1) having the most robust activity defined to date. The response to the procyanidins is evolutionarily conserved in that responses are seen with human, bovine, and murine gammadelta T cells, although human cells show less selectivity. Procyanidin-induced responses described in this review likely account for the expansion of mucosal gammadelta T cells seen in mice and rats fed soluble extracts of tannins. Use of procyanidins to activate gammadelta T cells may represent a novel approach for the treatment of tissue damage and autoimmune diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavonoids/pharmacology ; Herbal Medicine ; Humans ; Phenols/pharmacology ; Plant Preparations/pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; Polyphenols ; Proanthocyanidins/isolation & purification ; Proanthocyanidins/pharmacology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/agonists ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/analysis ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Tannins/isolation & purification ; Tannins/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Flavonoids ; Phenols ; Plant Preparations ; Polyphenols ; Proanthocyanidins ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta ; Tannins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-01-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1353116-5
    ISSN 1040-8401
    ISSN 1040-8401
    DOI 10.1615/critrevimmunol.v28.i5.20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1699: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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  10. Article ; Online: Polysaccharides derived from Yamoa (Funtumia elastica) prime gammadelta T cells in vitro and enhance innate immune responses in vivo.

    Graff, Jill C / Kimmel, Emily M / Freedman, Brett / Schepetkin, Igor A / Holderness, Jeff / Quinn, Mark T / Jutila, Mark A / Hedges, Jodi F

    International immunopharmacology

    2009  Volume 9, Issue 11, Page(s) 1313–1322

    Abstract: Yamoa (ground bark of Funtumia elastica tree) is marketed and sold as a dietary supplement with anecdotal therapeutic effects in the treatment of asthma and hay fever. We determined that Yamoa and Yamoa-derived polysaccharides affected innate immunity, ... ...

    Abstract Yamoa (ground bark of Funtumia elastica tree) is marketed and sold as a dietary supplement with anecdotal therapeutic effects in the treatment of asthma and hay fever. We determined that Yamoa and Yamoa-derived polysaccharides affected innate immunity, in part, by priming gammadelta T cells. Gene expression patterns in purified bovine gammadelta T cells and monocytes induced by Yamoa were similar to those induced by ultrapure lipopolysaccharide (uLPS). In the presence of accessory cells, Yamoa had priming effects that were similar to those of LPS on bovine and murine gammadelta T cells, but much more potent than LPS on human gammadelta T cells. The bioactive component of Yamoa was delineated to a complex polysaccharide fraction (Yam-I). Intraperitoneal injection of Yamoa and Yam-I in mice induced rapid increases in peritoneal neutrophils directed by changes in chemokine expression. In support of a unique agonist found in Yam-I, similar peritonitis responses were also observed in TLR4- and MyD88-deficient mice. Therapeutic treatment with Yam-I resulted in decreased bacterial counts in feces from mice with Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (ST)-induced enterocolitis. This characterization of the immune stimulatory properties of polysaccharides derived from Yamoa suggests mechanisms for the anecdotal positive effects of its ingestion and that these polysaccharides show potential for application in innate protection from disease.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Enterocolitis/drug therapy ; Enterocolitis/immunology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/drug effects ; Lipopolysaccharides/chemistry ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism ; Neutrophil Infiltration/drug effects ; Plant Extracts/immunology ; Plant Extracts/therapeutic use ; Polysaccharides/chemistry ; Polysaccharides/immunology ; Polysaccharides/therapeutic use ; Salmonella Infections/immunology ; Salmonella Infections/prevention & control ; Salmonella typhimurium ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Lipopolysaccharides ; MYD88 protein, human ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; Plant Extracts ; Polysaccharides ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; yamoa
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-08-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2043785-7
    ISSN 1878-1705 ; 1567-5769
    ISSN (online) 1878-1705
    ISSN 1567-5769
    DOI 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.07.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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