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  1. Article ; Online: Hepatitis D virus interferes with hepatitis B virus RNA production via interferon-dependent and -independent mechanisms.

    Lucifora, Julie / Alfaiate, Dulce / Pons, Caroline / Michelet, Maud / Ramirez, Ricardo / Fusil, Floriane / Amirache, Fouzia / Rossi, Axel / Legrand, Anne-Flore / Charles, Emilie / Vegna, Serena / Farhat, Rayan / Rivoire, Michel / Passot, Guillaume / Gadot, Nicolas / Testoni, Barbara / Bach, Charlotte / Baumert, Thomas F / Hyrina, Anastasia /
    Beran, Rudolf K / Zoulim, Fabien / Boonstra, Andre / Büning, Hildegard / Verrier, Eloi R / Cosset, François-Loïc / Fletcher, Simon P / Salvetti, Anna / Durantel, David

    Journal of hepatology

    2023  Volume 78, Issue 5, Page(s) 958–970

    Abstract: Background & aims: Chronic coinfection with HBV and HDV leads to the most aggressive form of chronic viral hepatitis. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the widely reported observation that HDV interferes with HBV in most ... ...

    Abstract Background & aims: Chronic coinfection with HBV and HDV leads to the most aggressive form of chronic viral hepatitis. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the widely reported observation that HDV interferes with HBV in most coinfected patients.
    Methods: Patient liver tissues, primary human hepatocytes, HepaRG cells and human liver chimeric mice were used to analyze the effect of HDV on HBV using virological and RNA-sequencing analyses, as well as RNA synthesis, stability and association assays.
    Results: Transcriptomic analyses in cell culture and mouse models of coinfection enabled us to define an HDV-induced signature, mainly composed of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs). We also provide evidence that ISGs are upregulated in chronically HDV/HBV-coinfected patients but not in cells that only express HDV antigen (HDAg). Inhibition of the hepatocyte IFN response partially rescued the levels of HBV parameters. We observed less HBV RNA synthesis upon HDV infection or HDV protein expression. Additionally, HDV infection or expression of HDAg alone specifically accelerated the decay of HBV RNA, and HDAg was associated with HBV RNAs. On the contrary, HDAg expression did not affect other viruses such as HCV or SARS-CoV-2.
    Conclusions: Our data indicate that HDV interferes with HBV through both IFN-dependent and IFN-independent mechanisms. Specifically, we uncover a new viral interference mechanism in which proteins of a satellite virus affect the RNA production of its helper virus. Exploiting these findings could pave the way to the development of new therapeutic strategies against HBV.
    Impact and implications: Although the molecular mechanisms remained unexplored, it has long been known that despite its dependency, HDV decreases HBV viremia in patients. Herein, using in vitro and in vivo models, we showed that HDV interferes with HBV through both IFN-dependent and IFN-independent mechanisms affecting HBV RNA metabolism, and we defined the HDV-induced modulation signature. The mechanisms we uncovered could pave the way for the development of new therapeutic strategies against HBV by mimicking and/or increasing the effect of HDAg on HBV RNA. Additionally, the HDV-induced modulation signature could potentially be correlated with responsiveness to IFN-α treatment, thereby helping to guide management of HBV/HDV-coinfected patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Hepatitis Delta Virus/physiology ; Hepatitis B virus/physiology ; Interferons ; Hepatitis delta Antigens/metabolism ; Hepatitis D/complications ; Coinfection ; Hepatitis B/complications ; Virus Replication/physiology ; COVID-19/complications ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics
    Chemical Substances Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Hepatitis delta Antigens ; RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605953-3
    ISSN 1600-0641 ; 0168-8278
    ISSN (online) 1600-0641
    ISSN 0168-8278
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.01.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Online ; E-Book: The Global Climate Crisis

    Fletcher, William D. / Smith, Craig B.

    What to Do about It

    2024  

    Subject code 363.738/74
    Language English
    Size 1 online resource (366 pages)
    Edition 2nd ed.
    Publisher Elsevier
    Publishing place San Diego
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    ISBN 9780443273230 ; 9780443273223 ; 0443273235 ; 0443273227
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article ; Online: Determination of the Ratio of b-Quark Fragmentation Fractions f(s)/f(d) in pp Collisions at √s=7  TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

    Aad, G / Abbott, B / Abdallah, J / Abdinov, O / Aben, R / Abolins, M / AbouZeid, O S / Abramowicz, H / Abreu, H / Abreu, R / Abulaiti, Y / Acharya, B S / Adamczyk, L / Adams, D L / Adelman, J / Adomeit, S / Adye, T / Affolder, A A / Agatonovic-Jovin, T /
    Agricola, J / Aguilar-Saavedra, J A / Ahlen, S P / Ahmadov, F / Aielli, G / Akerstedt, H / Åkesson, T P A / Akimov, A V / Alberghi, G L / Albert, J / Albrand, S / Alconada Verzini, M J / Aleksa, M / Aleksandrov, I N / Alexa, C / Alexander, G / Alexopoulos, T / Alhroob, M / Alimonti, G / Alio, L / Alison, J / Alkire, S P / Allbrooke, B M M / Allport, P P / Aloisio, A / Alonso, A / Alonso, F / Alpigiani, C / Altheimer, A / Alvarez Gonzalez, B / Álvarez Piqueras, D / Alviggi, M G / Amadio, B T / Amako, K / Amaral Coutinho, Y / Amelung, C / Amidei, D / Amor Dos Santos, S P / Amorim, A / Amoroso, S / Amram, N / Amundsen, G / Anastopoulos, C / Ancu, L S / Andari, N / Andeen, T / Anders, C F / Anders, G / Anders, J K / Anderson, K J / Andreazza, A / Andrei, V / Angelidakis, S / Angelozzi, I / Anger, P / Angerami, A / Anghinolfi, F / Anisenkov, A V / Anjos, N / Annovi, A / Antonelli, M / Antonov, A / Antos, J / Anulli, F / Aoki, M / Aperio Bella, L / Arabidze, G / Arai, Y / Araque, J P / Arce, A T H / Arduh, F A / Arguin, J-F / Argyropoulos, S / Arik, M / Armbruster, A J / Arnaez, O / Arnal, V / Arnold, H / Arratia, M / Arslan, O / Artamonov, A / Artoni, G / Asai, S / Asbah, N / Ashkenazi, A / Åsman, B / Asquith, L / Assamagan, K / Astalos, R / Atkinson, M / Atlay, N B / Augsten, K / Aurousseau, M / Avolio, G / Axen, B / Ayoub, M K / Azuelos, G / Baak, M A / Baas, A E / Baca, M J / Bacci, C / Bachacou, H / Bachas, K / Backes, M / Backhaus, M / Bagiacchi, P / Bagnaia, P / Bai, Y / Bain, T / Baines, J T / Baker, O K / Baldin, E M / Balek, P / Balestri, T / Balli, F / Banas, E / Banerjee, Sw / Bannoura, A A E / Bansil, H S / Barak, L / Barberio, E L / Barberis, D / Barbero, M / Barillari, T / Barisonzi, M / Barklow, T / Barlow, N / Barnes, S L / Barnett, B M / Barnett, R M / Barnovska, Z / Baroncelli, A / Barone, G / Barr, A J / Barreiro, F / Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J / Bartoldus, R / Barton, A E / Bartos, P / Basalaev, A / Bassalat, A / Basye, A / Bates, R L / Batista, S J / Batley, J R / Battaglia, M / Bauce, M / Bauer, F / Bawa, H S / Beacham, J B / Beattie, M D / Beau, T / Beauchemin, P H / Beccherle, R / Bechtle, P / Beck, H P / Becker, K / Becker, M / Becker, S / Beckingham, M / Becot, C / Beddall, A J / Beddall, A / Bednyakov, V A / Bee, C P / Beemster, L J / Beermann, T A / Begel, M / Behr, J K / Belanger-Champagne, C / Bell, W H / Bella, G / Bellagamba, L / Bellerive, A / Bellomo, M / Belotskiy, K / Beltramello, O / Benary, O / Benchekroun, D / Bender, M / Bendtz, K / Benekos, N / Benhammou, Y / Benhar Noccioli, E / Benitez Garcia, J A / Benjamin, D P / Bensinger, J R / Bentvelsen, S / Beresford, L / Beretta, M / Berge, D / Bergeaas Kuutmann, E / Berger, N / Berghaus, F / Beringer, J / Bernard, C / Bernard, N R / Bernius, C / Bernlochner, F U / Berry, T / Berta, P / Bertella, C / Bertoli, G / Bertolucci, F / Bertsche, C / Bertsche, D / Besana, M I / Besjes, G J / Bessidskaia Bylund, O / Bessner, M / Besson, N / Betancourt, C / Bethke, S / Bevan, A J / Bhimji, W / Bianchi, R M / Bianchini, L / Bianco, M / Biebel, O / Biedermann, D / Bieniek, S P / Biglietti, M / Bilbao De Mendizabal, J / Bilokon, H / Bindi, M / Binet, S / Bingul, A / Bini, C / Biondi, S / Black, C W / Black, J E / Black, K M / Blackburn, D / Blair, R E / Blanchard, J-B / Blanco, J E / Blazek, T / Bloch, I / Blocker, C / Blum, W / Blumenschein, U / Bobbink, G J / Bobrovnikov, V S / Bocchetta, S S / Bocci, A / Bock, C / Boehler, M / Bogaerts, J A / Bogavac, D / Bogdanchikov, A G / Bohm, C / Boisvert, V / Bold, T / Boldea, V / Boldyrev, A S / Bomben, M / Bona, M / Boonekamp, M / Borisov, A / Borissov, G / Borroni, S / Bortfeldt, J / Bortolotto, V / Bos, K / Boscherini, D / Bosman, M / Boudreau, J / Bouffard, J / Bouhova-Thacker, E V / Boumediene, D / Bourdarios, C / Bousson, N / Boveia, A / Boyd, J / Boyko, I R / Bozic, I / Bracinik, J / Brandt, A / Brandt, G / Brandt, O / Bratzler, U / Brau, B / Brau, J E / Braun, H M / Brazzale, S F / Breaden Madden, W D / Brendlinger, K / Brennan, A J / Brenner, L / Brenner, R / Bressler, S / Bristow, K / Bristow, T M / Britton, D / Britzger, D / Brochu, F M / Brock, I / Brock, R / Bronner, J / Brooijmans, G / Brooks, T / Brooks, W K / Brosamer, J / Brost, E / Brown, J / Bruckman de Renstrom, P A / Bruncko, D / Bruneliere, R / Bruni, A / Bruni, G / Bruschi, M / Bruscino, N / Bryngemark, L / Buanes, T / Buat, Q / Buchholz, P / Buckley, A G / Buda, S I / Budagov, I A / Buehrer, F / Bugge, L / Bugge, M K / Bulekov, O / Bullock, D / Burckhart, H / Burdin, S / Burgard, C D / Burghgrave, B / Burke, S / Burmeister, I / Busato, E / Büscher, D / Büscher, V / Bussey, P / Butler, J M / Butt, A I / Buttar, C M / Butterworth, J M / Butti, P / Buttinger, W / Buzatu, A / Buzykaev, A R / Cabrera Urbán, S / Caforio, D / Cairo, V M / Cakir, O / Calace, N / Calafiura, P / Calandri, A / Calderini, G / Calfayan, P / Caloba, L P / Calvet, D / Calvet, S / Camacho Toro, R / Camarda, S / Camarri, P / Cameron, D / Caminal Armadans, R / Campana, S / Campanelli, M / Campoverde, A / Canale, V / Canepa, A / Cano Bret, M / Cantero, J / Cantrill, R / Cao, T / Capeans Garrido, M D M / Caprini, I / Caprini, M / Capua, M / Caputo, R / Cardarelli, R / Cardillo, F / Carli, T / Carlino, G / Carminati, L / Caron, S / Carquin, E / Carrillo-Montoya, G D / Carter, J R / Carvalho, J / Casadei, D / Casado, M P / Casolino, M / Castaneda-Miranda, E / Castelli, A / Castillo Gimenez, V / Castro, N F / Catastini, P / Catinaccio, A / Catmore, J R / Cattai, A / Caudron, J / Cavaliere, V / Cavalli, D / Cavalli-Sforza, M / Cavasinni, V / Ceradini, F / Cerio, B C / Cerny, K / Cerqueira, A S / Cerri, A / Cerrito, L / Cerutti, F / Cerv, M / Cervelli, A / Cetin, S A / Chafaq, A / Chakraborty, D / Chalupkova, I / Chang, P / Chapman, J D / Charlton, D G / Chau, C C / Chavez Barajas, C A / Cheatham, S / Chegwidden, A / Chekanov, S / Chekulaev, S V / Chelkov, G A / Chelstowska, M A / Chen, C / Chen, H / Chen, K / Chen, L / Chen, S / Chen, X / Chen, Y / Cheng, H C / Cheng, Y / Cheplakov, A / Cheremushkina, E / Cherkaoui El Moursli, R / Chernyatin, V / Cheu, E / Chevalier, L / Chiarella, V / Chiarelli, G / Chiodini, G / Chisholm, A S / Chislett, R T / Chitan, A / Chizhov, M V / Choi, K / Chouridou, S / Chow, B K B / Christodoulou, V / Chromek-Burckhart, D / Chudoba, J / Chuinard, A J / Chwastowski, J J / Chytka, L / Ciapetti, G / Ciftci, A K / Cinca, D / Cindro, V / Cioara, I A / Ciocio, A / Cirotto, F / Citron, Z H / Ciubancan, M / Clark, A / Clark, B L / Clark, P J / Clarke, R N / Cleland, W / Clement, C / Coadou, Y / Cobal, M / Coccaro, A / Cochran, J / Coffey, L / Cogan, J G / Colasurdo, L / Cole, B / Cole, S / Colijn, A P / Collot, J / Colombo, T / Compostella, G / Conde Muiño, P / Coniavitis, E / Connell, S H / Connelly, I A / Consorti, V / Constantinescu, S / Conta, C / Conti, G / Conventi, F / Cooke, M / Cooper, B D / Cooper-Sarkar, A M / Cornelissen, T / Corradi, M / Corriveau, F / Corso-Radu, A / Cortes-Gonzalez, A / Cortiana, G / Costa, G / Costa, M J / Costanzo, D / Côté, D / Cottin, G / Cowan, G / Cox, B E / Cranmer, K / Cree, G / Crépé-Renaudin, S / Crescioli, F / Cribbs, W A / Crispin Ortuzar, M / Cristinziani, M / Croft, V / Crosetti, G / Cuhadar Donszelmann, T / Cummings, J / Curatolo, M / Cuthbert, C / Czirr, H / Czodrowski, P / D'Auria, S / D'Onofrio, M / Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, M J / Da Via, C / Dabrowski, W / Dafinca, A / Dai, T / Dale, O / Dallaire, F / Dallapiccola, C / Dam, M / Dandoy, J R / Dang, N P / Daniells, A C / Danninger, M / Dano Hoffmann, M / Dao, V / Darbo, G / Darmora, S / Dassoulas, J / Dattagupta, A / Davey, W / David, C / Davidek, T / Davies, E / Davies, M / Davison, P / Davygora, Y / Dawe, E / Dawson, I / Daya-Ishmukhametova, R K / De, K / de Asmundis, R / De Benedetti, A / De Castro, S / De Cecco, S / De Groot, N / de Jong, P / De la Torre, H / De Lorenzi, F / De Pedis, D / De Salvo, A / De Sanctis, U / De Santo, A / De Vivie De Regie, J B / Dearnaley, W J / Debbe, R / Debenedetti, C / Dedovich, D V / Deigaard, I / Del Peso, J / Del Prete, T / Delgove, D / Deliot, F / Delitzsch, C M / Deliyergiyev, M / Dell'Acqua, A / Dell'Asta, L / Dell'Orso, M / Della Pietra, M / della Volpe, D / Delmastro, M / Delsart, P A / Deluca, C / DeMarco, D A / Demers, S / Demichev, M / Demilly, A / Denisov, S P / Derendarz, D / Derkaoui, J E / Derue, F / Dervan, P / Desch, K / Deterre, C / Deviveiros, P O / Dewhurst, A / Dhaliwal, S / Di Ciaccio, A / Di Ciaccio, L / Di Domenico, A / Di Donato, C / Di Girolamo, A / Di Girolamo, B / Di Mattia, A / Di Micco, B / Di Nardo, R / Di Simone, A / Di Sipio, R / Di Valentino, D / Diaconu, C / Diamond, M / Dias, F A / Diaz, M A / Diehl, E B / Dietrich, J / Diglio, S / Dimitrievska, A / Dingfelder, J / Dita, P / Dita, S / Dittus, F / Djama, F / Djobava, T / Djuvsland, J I / do Vale, M A B / Dobos, D / Dobre, M / Doglioni, C / Dohmae, T / Dolejsi, J / Dolezal, Z / Dolgoshein, B A / Donadelli, M / Donati, S / Dondero, P / Donini, J / Dopke, J / Doria, A / Dova, M T / Doyle, A T / Drechsler, E / Dris, M / Dubreuil, E / Duchovni, E / Duckeck, G / Ducu, O A / Duda, D / Dudarev, A / Duflot, L / Duguid, L / Dührssen, M / Dunford, M / Duran Yildiz, H / Düren, M / Durglishvili, A / Duschinger, D / Dyndal, M / Eckardt, C / Ecker, K M / Edgar, R C / Edson, W / Edwards, N C / Ehrenfeld, W / Eifert, T / Eigen, G / Einsweiler, K / Ekelof, T / El Kacimi, M / Ellert, M / Elles, S / Ellinghaus, F / Elliot, A A / Ellis, N / Elmsheuser, J / Elsing, M / Emeliyanov, D / Enari, Y / Endner, O C / Endo, M / Erdmann, J / Ereditato, A / Ernis, G / Ernst, J / Ernst, M / Errede, S / Ertel, E / Escalier, M / Esch, H / Escobar, C / Esposito, B / Etienvre, A I / Etzion, E / Evans, H / Ezhilov, A / Fabbri, L / Facini, G / Fakhrutdinov, R M / Falciano, S / Falla, R J / Faltova, J / Fang, Y / Fanti, M / Farbin, A / Farilla, A / Farooque, T / Farrell, S / Farrington, S M / Farthouat, P / Fassi, F / Fassnacht, P / Fassouliotis, D / Faucci Giannelli, M / Favareto, A / Fayard, L / Federic, P / Fedin, O L / Fedorko, W / Feigl, S / Feligioni, L / Feng, C / Feng, E J / Feng, H / Fenyuk, A B / Feremenga, L / Fernandez Martinez, P / Fernandez Perez, S / Ferrando, J / Ferrari, A / Ferrari, P / Ferrari, R / Ferreira de Lima, D E / Ferrer, A / Ferrere, D / Ferretti, C / Ferretto Parodi, A / Fiascaris, M / Fiedler, F / Filipčič, A / Filipuzzi, M / Filthaut, F / Fincke-Keeler, M / Finelli, K D / Fiolhais, M C N / Fiorini, L / Firan, A / Fischer, A / Fischer, C / Fischer, J / Fisher, W C / Fitzgerald, E A / Flaschel, N / Fleck, I / Fleischmann, P / Fleischmann, S / Fletcher, G T / Fletcher, G / Fletcher, R R M / Flick, T / Floderus, A / Flores Castillo, L R / Flowerdew, M J / Formica, A / Forti, A / Fournier, D / Fox, H / Fracchia, S / Francavilla, P / Franchini, M / Francis, D / Franconi, L / Franklin, M / Frate, M / Fraternali, M / Freeborn, D / French, S T / Friedrich, F / Froidevaux, D / Frost, J A / Fukunaga, C / Fullana Torregrosa, E / Fulsom, B G / Fusayasu, T / Fuster, J / Gabaldon, C / Gabizon, O / Gabrielli, A / Gach, G P / Gadatsch, S / Gadomski, S / Gagliardi, G / Gagnon, P / Galea, C / Galhardo, B / Gallas, E J / Gallop, B J / Gallus, P / Galster, G / Gan, K K / Gao, J / Gao, Y / Gao, Y S / Garay Walls, F M / Garberson, F / García, C / García Navarro, J E / Garcia-Sciveres, M / Gardner, R W / Garelli, N / Garonne, V / Gatti, C / Gaudiello, A / Gaudio, G / Gaur, B / Gauthier, L / Gauzzi, P / Gavrilenko, I L / Gay, C / Gaycken, G / Gazis, E N / Ge, P / Gecse, Z / Gee, C N P / Geich-Gimbel, Ch / Geisler, M P / Gemme, C / Genest, M H / Gentile, S / George, M / George, S / Gerbaudo, D / Gershon, A / Ghasemi, S / Ghazlane, H / Giacobbe, B / Giagu, S / Giangiobbe, V / Giannetti, P / Gibbard, B / Gibson, S M / Gilchriese, M / Gillam, T P S / Gillberg, D / Gilles, G / Gingrich, D M / Giokaris, N / Giordani, M P / Giorgi, F M / Giraud, P F / Giromini, P / Giugni, D / Giuliani, C / Giulini, M / Gjelsten, B K / Gkaitatzis, S / Gkialas, I / Gkougkousis, E L / Gladilin, L K / Glasman, C / Glatzer, J / Glaysher, P C F / Glazov, A / Goblirsch-Kolb, M / Goddard, J R / Godlewski, J / Goldfarb, S / Golling, T / Golubkov, D / Gomes, A / Gonçalo, R / Goncalves Pinto Firmino Da Costa, J / Gonella, L / González de la Hoz, S / Gonzalez Parra, G / Gonzalez-Sevilla, S / Goossens, L / Gorbounov, P A / Gordon, H A / Gorelov, I / Gorini, B / Gorini, E / Gorišek, A / Gornicki, E / Goshaw, A T / Gössling, C / Gostkin, M I / Goujdami, D / Goussiou, A G / Govender, N / Gozani, E / Grabas, H M X / Graber, L / Grabowska-Bold, I / Gradin, P O J / Grafström, P / Grahn, K-J / Gramling, J / Gramstad, E / Grancagnolo, S / Gratchev, V / Gray, H M / Graziani, E / Greenwood, Z D / Gregersen, K / Gregor, I M / Grenier, P / Griffiths, J / Grillo, A A / Grimm, K / Grinstein, S / Gris, Ph / Grivaz, J-F / Grohs, J P / Grohsjean, A / Gross, E / Grosse-Knetter, J / Grossi, G C / Grout, Z J / Guan, L / 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/ Heim, S / Heim, T / Heinemann, B / Heinrich, L / Hejbal, J / Helary, L / Hellman, S / Hellmich, D / Helsens, C / Henderson, J / Henderson, R C W / Heng, Y / Hengler, C / Henrichs, A / Henriques Correia, A M / Henrot-Versille, S / Herbert, G H / Hernández Jiménez, Y / Herrberg-Schubert, R / Herten, G / Hertenberger, R / Hervas, L / Hesketh, G G / Hessey, N P / Hetherly, J W / Hickling, R / Higón-Rodriguez, E / Hill, E / Hill, J C / Hiller, K H / Hillier, S J / Hinchliffe, I / Hines, E / Hinman, R R / Hirose, M / Hirschbuehl, D / Hobbs, J / Hod, N / Hodgkinson, M C / Hodgson, P / Hoecker, A / Hoeferkamp, M R / Hoenig, F / Hohlfeld, M / Hohn, D / Holmes, T R / Homann, M / Hong, T M / Hooft van Huysduynen, L / Hopkins, W H / Horii, Y / Horton, A J / Hostachy, J-Y / Hou, S / Hoummada, A / Howard, J / Howarth, J / Hrabovsky, M / Hristova, I / Hrivnac, J / Hryn'ova, T / Hrynevich, A / Hsu, C / Hsu, P J / Hsu, S-C / Hu, D / Hu, Q / Hu, X / Huang, Y / Hubacek, Z / Hubaut, F / Huegging, F / 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    Physical review letters

    2015  Volume 115, Issue 26, Page(s) 262001

    Abstract: ... the exclusive decays B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ and B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0) of B mesons produced in pp collisions at √s=7  TeV are ... used to determine the ratio of fragmentation fractions f(s)/f(d). From the observed B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ and B ... d)(0)→J/ψK(*0) yields, the quantity (f(s)/f(d))[B(B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ)/B(B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0))] is measured ...

    Abstract With an integrated luminosity of 2.47  fb(-1) recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, the exclusive decays B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ and B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0) of B mesons produced in pp collisions at √s=7  TeV are used to determine the ratio of fragmentation fractions f(s)/f(d). From the observed B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ and B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0) yields, the quantity (f(s)/f(d))[B(B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ)/B(B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0))] is measured to be 0.199±0.004(stat)±0.008(syst). Using a recent theory prediction for [B(B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ)/B(B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0))] yields (f(s)/f(d))=0.240±0.004(stat)±0.010(syst)±0.017(th). This result is based on a new approach that provides a significant improvement of the world average.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.262001
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  4. Article ; Online: Association Between Myopia, Ultraviolet B Radiation Exposure, Serum Vitamin D Concentrations, and Genetic Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Metabolic Pathways in a Multicountry European Study.

    Williams, Katie M / Bentham, Graham C G / Young, Ian S / McGinty, Ann / McKay, Gareth J / Hogg, Ruth / Hammond, Christopher J / Chakravarthy, Usha / Rahu, Mati / Seland, Johan / Soubrane, Gisele / Tomazzoli, Laura / Topouzis, Fotis / Fletcher, Astrid E

    JAMA ophthalmology

    2016  Volume 135, Issue 1, Page(s) 47–53

    Abstract: ... this association is poorly understood.: Objective: To examine the association of myopia with ultraviolet B ... radiation (UVB; directly associated with time outdoors and sunlight exposure), serum vitamin D ... concentrations, and vitamin D pathway genetic variants, adjusting for years in education.: Design, setting, and ...

    Abstract Importance: Myopia is becoming increasingly common globally and is associated with potentially sight-threatening complications. Spending time outdoors is protective, but the mechanism underlying this association is poorly understood.
    Objective: To examine the association of myopia with ultraviolet B radiation (UVB; directly associated with time outdoors and sunlight exposure), serum vitamin D concentrations, and vitamin D pathway genetic variants, adjusting for years in education.
    Design, setting, and participants: A cross-sectional, population-based random sample of participants 65 years and older was chosen from 6 study centers from the European Eye Study between November 6, 2000, to November 15, 2002. Of 4187 participants, 4166 attended an eye examination including refraction, gave a blood sample, and were interviewed by trained fieldworkers using a structured questionnaire. Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent of -0.75 diopters or less. Exclusion criteria included aphakia, pseudophakia, late age-related macular degeneration, and vision impairment due to cataract, resulting in 371 participants with myopia and 2797 without.
    Exposures: Exposure to UVB estimated by combining meteorological and questionnaire data at different ages, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolic pathway genes, serum vitamin D3 concentrations, and years of education.
    Main outcomes and measures: Odds ratios (ORs) of UVB, serum vitamin D3 concentrations, vitamin D single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and myopia estimated from logistic regression.
    Result: Of the included 3168 participants, the mean (SD) age was 72.4 (5) years, and 1456 (46.0%) were male. An SD increase in UVB exposure at age 14 to 19 years (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.92) and 20 to 39 years (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.62-0.93) was associated with a reduced adjusted OR of myopia; those in the highest tertile of years of education had twice the OR of myopia (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.41-3.06). No independent associations between myopia and serum vitamin D3 concentrations nor variants in genes associated with vitamin D metabolism were found. An unexpected finding was that the highest quintile of plasma lutein concentrations was associated with a reduced OR of myopia (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.46-0.72).
    Conclusions and relevance: Increased UVB exposure was associated with reduced myopia, particularly in adolescence and young adulthood. The association was not altered by adjusting for education. We found no convincing evidence for a direct role of vitamin D in myopia risk. The relationship between high plasma lutein concentrations and a lower risk of myopia requires replication.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; DNA/genetics ; Europe/epidemiology ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Middle Aged ; Myopia/blood ; Myopia/epidemiology ; Myopia/genetics ; Odds Ratio ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Population Surveillance ; Refraction, Ocular/radiation effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effects ; Visual Acuity ; Vitamin D/blood ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 2701705-9
    ISSN 2168-6173 ; 2168-6165
    ISSN (online) 2168-6173
    ISSN 2168-6165
    DOI 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.4752
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  5. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Reaching net zero

    Fletcher, William D. / Smith, Craig B.

    what it takes to solve the global climate crisis

    2020  

    Author's details William D. Fletcher, Craig B. Smith
    Keywords Electronic books
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xxvi, 324 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Publisher Elsevier
    Publishing place Amsterdam
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Note Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT020554710
    ISBN 978-0-12-823557-7 ; 9780128233665 ; 0-12-823557-8 ; 0128233664
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  6. Article: Hormone release by islet B cell-enriched and A and D cell-enriched populations prepared by flow cytometry.

    Fletcher, D J / Grogan, W M / Barras, E / Weir, G C

    Endocrinology

    1983  Volume 113, Issue 5, Page(s) 1791–1798

    Abstract: ... basal secretion fell, and responsiveness returned. In both the A/D cell-enriched and the B cell-enriched ... that the structural organization of islets influences A cell function, but a clear influence upon B cell function has not been ...

    Abstract Dispersed pancreatic islet cells were analyzed for their low forward angle light scatter using flow cytometry. The cells produced a distinct light scatter pattern which appeared to be a function of cell size and not cell granularity. RIA of hormone content of cells collected from different regions of the pattern revealed that glucagon- and somatostatin-containing cells were concentrated in regions of lower scatter intensity and that insulin-containing cells were more numerous in regions of higher intensity. Relative to the original cell suspension, these preparations were enriched 3-fold in glucagon and somatostatin content and 6-fold in insulin content. The function of intact islets, unsorted dispersed cells, and sorted dispersed cells was examined before and after 4 days of culture. Before culture, all of the dispersed cell populations had elevated basal secretion compared with intact islets and did not respond to stimulatory concentrations of glucose, arginine, or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. After culture for 4 days, basal secretion fell, and responsiveness returned. In both the A/D cell-enriched and the B cell-enriched cultured populations, the percentage of single cells was approximately 95%. The insulin release patterns from these populations were similar to those from intact islets and unsorted dispersed cells. Glucagon release from all of the dispersed cell populations far exceeded that from intact islets. This study suggests that the structural organization of islets influences A cell function, but a clear influence upon B cell function has not been demonstrated.
    MeSH term(s) 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Arginine ; Flow Cytometry ; Glucagon/metabolism ; Glucose ; Glyburide/pharmacology ; Insulin/metabolism ; Islets of Langerhans/cytology ; Islets of Langerhans/metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
    Chemical Substances Insulin ; Glucagon (9007-92-5) ; Arginine (94ZLA3W45F) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Glyburide (SX6K58TVWC) ; 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine (TBT296U68M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1983-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 427856-2
    ISSN 1945-7170 ; 0013-7227
    ISSN (online) 1945-7170
    ISSN 0013-7227
    DOI 10.1210/endo-113-5-1791
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  7. Article ; Online: Intention to Engage in Alcohol Use during Pregnancy: The Role of Attitudes and Prototypes.

    Fletcher, Tess M D / Mullan, Barbara / Finlay-Jones, Amy

    Substance use & misuse

    2023  Volume 58, Issue 11, Page(s) 1333–1342

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Intention ; Attitude ; Health Behavior ; Alcohol Drinking ; Self Efficacy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1310358-1
    ISSN 1532-2491 ; 1082-6084
    ISSN (online) 1532-2491
    ISSN 1082-6084
    DOI 10.1080/10826084.2023.2215292
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  8. Article ; Online: Maximizing the Reliability and Precision of Measures of Prefrontal Cortical Oxygenation Using Frequency-Domain Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

    Fletcher, Elizabeth K S / Burma, Joel S / Javra, Raelyn M / Friesen, Kenzie B / Emery, Carolyn A / Dunn, Jeff F / Smirl, Jonathan D

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 8

    Abstract: Frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) has been used for non-invasive assessment of cortical oxygenation since the late 1990s. However, there is limited research demonstrating clinical validity and general reproducibility. To address this ... ...

    Abstract Frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) has been used for non-invasive assessment of cortical oxygenation since the late 1990s. However, there is limited research demonstrating clinical validity and general reproducibility. To address this limitation, recording duration for adequate validity and within- and between-day reproducibility of prefrontal cortical oxygenation was evaluated. To assess validity, a reverse analysis of 10-min-long measurements (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/methods ; Male ; Female ; Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging ; Prefrontal Cortex/metabolism ; Adult ; Reproducibility of Results ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Oxygen/analysis ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Oxygen Saturation/physiology ; Young Adult ; Oxyhemoglobins/metabolism ; Oxyhemoglobins/analysis
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065) ; Hemoglobins ; Oxyhemoglobins ; deoxyhemoglobin (9008-02-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s24082630
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Virtual avatars as a new tool for human immunodeficiency virus prevention among men who have sex with men: a narrative review.

    Orta Portillo, Gilbert A / Fletcher, Jesse B / Young, Lindsay E / Klausner, Jeffrey D

    mHealth

    2023  Volume 9, Page(s) 29

    Abstract: Background and objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to affect sexual and gender minorities, predominantly men who have sex with men (MSM). Stigma, medical mistrust, and apprehension towards discussing sexual health with one's medical ... ...

    Abstract Background and objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to affect sexual and gender minorities, predominantly men who have sex with men (MSM). Stigma, medical mistrust, and apprehension towards discussing sexual health with one's medical provider are significant barriers in seeking or accessing preventive services. Those obstacles could be surpassed through novel digital and electronic health interventions, specifically with virtual avatar technology. Avatars are digital self-representative agents that are controlled with an interactive electronic device. Avatars allow for virtual self-immersion within infinitely customizable environments to practice skill building, fostering relationships and more, through an optional incognito approach. The objective of this narrative review is to examine recent uses of and developments in avatar technology, highlight the personalization attribute of this technology, and evaluate its strengths and limitations as a tool for HIV prevention among MSM.
    Methods: We reviewed recent scientific literature generated by PubMed that use virtual avatar technology in HIV prevention and treatment among populations put at risk. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were then categorized on how the avatar technology was used.
    Key content and findings: We identified eleven studies that met inclusion criteria. Avatar technology was found to create a comfortable environment for participants to address and discuss their sexual behaviors with less hesitation. Avatars can build rapport with populations put at high risk, creating an opportunity for reevaluation of their sexual behavior while assisting them in being able seek information, preventive services, or treatment for HIV or other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
    Conclusions: Given the increased use of digital technology in health and prevention, avatars might be useful in sexual health education and HIV prevention among populations put at risk. The benefits and potential in utilizing this technology for HIV prevention are highlighted.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-28
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2306-9740
    ISSN 2306-9740
    DOI 10.21037/mhealth-22-33
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Avapritinib-based SAR studies unveil a binding pocket in KIT and PDGFRA.

    Teuber, A / Schulz, T / Fletcher, B S / Gontla, R / Mühlenberg, T / Zischinsky, M-L / Niggenaber, J / Weisner, J / Kleinbölting, S B / Lategahn, J / Sievers, S / Müller, M P / Bauer, S / Rauh, D

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 63

    Abstract: Avapritinib is the only potent and selective inhibitor approved for the treatment of D842V-mutant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), the most common primary mutation of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA). The approval was based ... ...

    Abstract Avapritinib is the only potent and selective inhibitor approved for the treatment of D842V-mutant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), the most common primary mutation of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA). The approval was based on the NAVIGATOR trial, which revealed overall response rates of more than 90%. Despite this transformational activity, patients eventually progress, mostly due to acquired resistance mutations or following discontinuation due to neuro-cognitive side effects. These patients have no therapeutic alternative and face a dismal prognosis. Notable, little is known about this drug's binding mode and its medicinal chemistry development, which is instrumental for the development of the next generation of drugs. Against this background, we solve the crystal structures of avapritinib in complex with wild-type and mutant PDGFRA and stem cell factor receptor (KIT), which provide evidence and understanding of inhibitor binding and lead to the identification of a sub-pocket (Gα-pocket). We utilize this information to design, synthesize and characterize avapritinib derivatives for the determination of key pharmacophoric features to overcome drug resistance and limit potential blood-brain barrier penetration.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/genetics ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/drug therapy ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/genetics ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/pathology ; Pyrazoles/therapeutic use ; Pyrroles/pharmacology ; Pyrroles/therapeutic use ; Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances avapritinib (513P80B4YJ) ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Pyrazoles ; Pyrroles ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Antineoplastic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-44376-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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