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Article ; Online: National Joint Registry recorded untoward intraoperative events during primary total hip arthroplasty: an investigation into the data accuracy, causal mechanisms and attributability.

Singhal, R / Leong, J W / Rajpura, A / Porter, M L / Board, T N

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

2022 Volume 105, Issue 2, Page(s) 150–156

Abstract: Introduction: Untoward intraoperative events occurring during total hip arthroplasty are recorded by the National Joint Registry through Minimum Data Set (MDS) forms. This data may be used to assess the safety of implants. The aim of this study is to ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Untoward intraoperative events occurring during total hip arthroplasty are recorded by the National Joint Registry through Minimum Data Set (MDS) forms. This data may be used to assess the safety of implants. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the untoward intraoperative events, assess the mechanism and ascertain whether these events were attributable to the implants inserted. Methods: A retrospective analysis was undertaken of primary total hip arthroplasties performed between 2005 and 2018 in which an untoward intraoperative event was recorded. Results: Of 12,802 primary hip replacements, 64 patients (0.5%) had untoward intraoperative events recorded on the MDS form. In 43 of 64 cases, the intraoperative untoward event recorded on the MDS form matched the operation notes. Among these 43 cases, in 30 (69%) patients the intraoperative event could be attributed to the implant recorded. In the remaining 13 (31%) cases, the events recorded could not be attributed to the implant. In six cases, the untoward events were attributed to implants used to manage the events rather than the implants which caused them. In seven cases, the untoward events were related to surgical technique rather than to the implant or instrumentation. Conclusions: Our analysis highlights that all untoward intraoperative events recorded on the NJR form are not implant related or attributable to the implant inserted. Provision should be made on the MDS form to clarify whether a particular untoward intraoperative event was related to the implant inserted.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Data Accuracy ; Registries ; Risk Factors ; Reoperation ; Hip Prosthesis/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80044-2
ISSN	1478-7083 ; 0035-8843
ISSN (online)	1478-7083
ISSN	0035-8843
DOI	10.1308/rcsann.2021.0281
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Article ; Online: Influence of mid-afternoon nap duration and sleep parameters on memory encoding, mood, processing speed, and vigilance.

Leong, Ruth L F / Lau, TeYang / Dicom, Andrew R / Teo, Teck Boon / Ong, Ju Lynn / Chee, Michael W L

Sleep

2023 Volume 46, Issue 4

Abstract: Study objectives: To determine how mid-afternoon naps of differing durations benefit memory encoding, vigilance, speed of processing (SOP), mood, and sleepiness; to evaluate if these benefits extend past 3 hr post-awakening and to examine how sleep ... ...

Abstract	Study objectives: To determine how mid-afternoon naps of differing durations benefit memory encoding, vigilance, speed of processing (SOP), mood, and sleepiness; to evaluate if these benefits extend past 3 hr post-awakening and to examine how sleep macrostructure during naps modulate these benefits. Methods: Following short habitual sleep, 32 young adults underwent four experimental conditions in randomized order: wake; naps of 10 min, 30 min, and 60 min duration verified with polysomnography. A 10-min test battery was delivered at a pre-nap baseline, and at 5 min, 30 min, 60 min, and 240 min post-nap. Participants encoded pictures 90 min post-nap and were tested for recognition 210 min later. Results: Naps ranging from 10 to 60 min increased positive mood and alleviated self-reported sleepiness up to 240 min post-nap. Compared to waking, only naps of 30 min improved memory encoding. Improvements in vigilance were moderate, and benefits for SOP were not observed. Sleep inertia was observed for the 30 min to 60 min naps but was resolved within 30 min after waking. We found no significant associations between sleep macrostructure and memory benefits. Conclusions: With short habitual sleep, naps ranging from 10 to 60 min had clear and lasting benefits for positive mood and self-reported sleepiness/alertness. Cognitive improvements were moderate, with only the 30 min nap showing benefits for memory encoding. While there is no clear "winning" nap duration, a 30 min nap appears to have the best trade-off between practicability and benefit. Clinical trial id: Effects of Varying Duration of Naps on Cognitive Performance and Memory Encoding, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04984824, NCT04984824.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Young Adult ; Attention ; Processing Speed ; Sleep ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Sleepiness ; Wakefulness
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	424441-2
ISSN	1550-9109 ; 0161-8105
ISSN (online)	1550-9109
ISSN	0161-8105
DOI	10.1093/sleep/zsad025
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Article ; Online: A systematic scoping review of the effects of central nervous system active drugs on sleep spindles and sleep-dependent memory consolidation.

Leong, Celeste W Y / Leow, Josiah W S / Grunstein, Ronald R / Naismith, Sharon L / Teh, Jun Z / D'Rozario, Angela L / Saini, Bandana

Sleep medicine reviews

2022 Volume 62, Page(s) 101605

Abstract: Sleep spindles are key electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillatory events that occur during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Deficits in sleep spindles are present in populations with sleep and neurological disorders, and in severe mental illness. ... ...

Abstract	Sleep spindles are key electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillatory events that occur during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Deficits in sleep spindles are present in populations with sleep and neurological disorders, and in severe mental illness. Pharmacological manipulation of these waveforms is of growing interest with therapeutic potential in targeting spindle deficits relating to memory impairment. This review integrates studies that provide insight into the feasibility of manipulating sleep spindles by using psychoactive drug classes, with consequent effects on sleep-dependent memory. Most studies showed that benzodiazepines and Z-drugs consistently enhanced sleep spindle activity unlike other psychoactive drug classes reviewed. However, how these spindle enhancements translate into improved sleep-dependent memory remains to be fully elucidated. From the few studies that examined both spindles and memory, preliminary evidence suggests that zolpidem may have some therapeutic potential to enhance declarative memory through boosting sleep spindle activity. There is a greater need to standardise methodological approaches for identifying and quantifying spindle activity as well as more exploratory studies to elucidate the role of spindle enhancement for other types of memory.
MeSH term(s)	Central Nervous System ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Memory Consolidation ; Polysomnography ; Sleep/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1414211-9
ISSN	1532-2955 ; 1087-0792
ISSN (online)	1532-2955
ISSN	1087-0792
DOI	10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101605
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Article: Enhanced Goat Milk MUFA Quality

Abd Rahman, M R / Hassan, Z / Hassan, M S / Hashim, R / Wong, L S / Leong, W Y / Syd Jaafar, S H / Salvamani, S

International journal of food science

2023 Volume 2023, Page(s) 1797017

Abstract: Date pits are agricultural waste byproducts and are available in tons yearly. Milk MUFAs are lipids beneficial for health and sorted out for food product development. This work is aimed at researching the effect of supplementing dairy goats with date pit ...

Abstract	Date pits are agricultural waste byproducts and are available in tons yearly. Milk MUFAs are lipids beneficial for health and sorted out for food product development. This work is aimed at researching the effect of supplementing dairy goats with date pit powder (DPP) as a source of fatty acids (FA), an alternative to enhancing the unsaturated FA in milk and analysed
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2760370-2
ISSN	2314-5765
ISSN	2314-5765
DOI	10.1155/2023/1797017
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Article: Genomic Analyses of Germline and Somatic Variation in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.

Adamson, A W / Ding, Y C / Steele, L / Leong, L A / Morgan, R / Wakabayashi, M T / Han, E S / Dellinger, T H / Lin, P S / Hakim, A A / Wilczynski, S / Warden, C D / Tao, S / Bedell, V / Cristea, M C / Neuhausen, S L

Research square

2023

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.21203/rs.3.rs-2592107/v1
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Article ; Online: Effect of the use of earplugs and eye masks on the quality of sleep after major abdominal surgery: a randomised controlled trial.

Leong, R W / Davies, L J / Fook-Chong, S / Ng, S Y / Lee, Y L

Anaesthesia

2021 Volume 76, Issue 11, Page(s) 1482–1491

Abstract: Significant sleep disturbance can occur following major abdominal surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of earplugs and eye masks in improving sleep quality and patient satisfaction, reducing nursing demands and in the incidence of delirium in ... ...

Abstract	Significant sleep disturbance can occur following major abdominal surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of earplugs and eye masks in improving sleep quality and patient satisfaction, reducing nursing demands and in the incidence of delirium in patients after major abdominal surgery. We conducted a randomised controlled trial in 100 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. We randomly allocated participants to sleep with or without earplugs and eye masks on postoperative days 1-3. The primary outcome measure was sleep quality as measured by the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were patient satisfaction, frequency of nursing demand and incidence of delirium measured by the Neelon and Champagne Confusion Scale. Median (IQR [range]) sleep scores were 64 (38-74 [0-100] and 60 (44-82 [18-100]) for the control and intervention groups, respectively (p = 0.310). Age and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were found to be significant factors affecting sleep quality. There were no differences in patient satisfaction, reduction in frequency of nursing demands or incidence of delirium on postoperative days 1-3 after major abdominal surgery. The compliance rate in the intervention group was 60-65%. This study has demonstrated that the use of earplugs and eye masks did not contribute to improvements in sleep quality. Of note, sleep quality was moderate, with higher age and worse baseline sleep quality contributing to worse sleep scores. More studies are needed to investigate interventions to improve sleep quality after major abdominal surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Abdomen/surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ear Protective Devices ; Eye Protective Devices ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Satisfaction ; Postoperative Period ; Prospective Studies ; Single-Blind Method ; Sleep/physiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80033-8
ISSN	1365-2044 ; 0003-2409
ISSN (online)	1365-2044
ISSN	0003-2409
DOI	10.1111/anae.15468
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Article: A prospective study of incidence and outcome of acute kidney injury among hospitalised patients in Malaysia (My-AKI).

Goh, C Y / Visvanathan, R / Leong, C T / Hooi, L S / Ch'ng, C C / Yee, S Y / Abd Manaf, K A / Mushahar, L / Goh, K W / Liew, Y F / Manocha, A B / Ong, L M

The Medical journal of Malaysia

2023 Volume 78, Issue 6, Page(s) 733–742

Abstract: Introduction: The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among hospitalised patients has not been well studied in Malaysia.: Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective, multicentre study in seven hospitals in West Malaysia. All the adults ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among hospitalised patients has not been well studied in Malaysia. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective, multicentre study in seven hospitals in West Malaysia. All the adults admitted in March 2017 fulfilling Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria for AKI were included. Results: Of the 34,204 patients screened, 2,457 developed AKI (7.18%), 13.1% of which occurred in intensive care unit (ICU). There were 60.2% males with a mean age of 57.8 (±17.5) years. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (55.0%), diabetes (46.6%), ischaemic heart disease (15.1%) and chronic kidney disease (12.0%). The commonest causes of AKI were sepsis (41.7%), pre-renal (24.2%) and cardiorenal syndrome (10.8%). Nephrotoxin exposure was reported in 31%. At diagnosis, the proportion of AKI stages 1, 2 and 3 were 79.1%, 9.7%, 11.2%, respectively. Referral to nephrologists was reported in 16.5%. Dialysis was required in 176 (7.2%) patients and 55.6% were performed in the ICU. Acidosis (46.2%), uraemia (31.6%) and electrolyte disturbance (11.1%) were the commonest indications. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was required in 14%. The average length of hospital stay was 9.5 days. In-hospital mortality was 16.4%. Among survivors, full and partial renal recovery was seen in 74.7% and 16.4% respectively while 8.9% failed to recover. After a mean follow-up of 13.7 months, 593 (30.2%) of survivors died and 38 (1.9%) initiated chronic dialysis. Mortality was highest among those with malignancies (Hazard Ratio, HR 2.14), chronic liver disease (HR 2.13), neurological disease (HR 1.56) and cardiovascular disease (HR 1.17). Conclusion: AKI is common in hospitalised patients and is with associated high mortality during and after hospitalisation.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology ; Acute Kidney Injury/etiology ; Acute Kidney Injury/therapy ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-29
Publishing country	Malaysia
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604286-7
ISSN	0300-5283
ISSN	0300-5283
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Article ; Online: Measuring the burden of cystic fibrosis: A scoping review.

Cheema, Zain M / Gomez, Lilian C / Johnson, Noah / Laflamme, Olivier D / Rabin, Harvey R / Steele, Kim / Leong, Jeanette / Cheng, Stephanie Y / Quon, Bradley S / Stephenson, Anne L / Wranik, W Dominika / Sadatsafavi, Mohsen / Stanojevic, Sanja

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society

2023

Abstract: Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) contributes a significant economic burden on individuals, healthcare systems, and society. Understanding the economic impact of CF is crucial for planning resource allocation.: Methods: We conducted a scoping review ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) contributes a significant economic burden on individuals, healthcare systems, and society. Understanding the economic impact of CF is crucial for planning resource allocation. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of literature published between 1990 and 2022 that reported the cost of illness, and/or economic burden of CF. Costs were adjusted for inflation and reported as United States dollars. Results: A total of 39 studies were included. Direct healthcare costs (e.g., medications, inpatient and outpatient care) were the most frequently reported. Most studies estimated the cost of CF using a prevalence-based (n = 18, 46.2 %), bottom-up approach (n = 23, 59 %). Direct non-healthcare costs and indirect costs were seldom included. The most frequently reported direct cost components were medications (n = 34, 87.2 %), inpatient care (n = 33, 84.6 %), and outpatient care (n = 31, 79.5 %). Twenty-eight percent (n = 11) of studies reported the burden of CF from all three perspectives (healthcare system (payer), individual, and society). Indirect costs of CF were reported in approximately 20 % of studies (n = 8). The reported total cost of CF varied widely, ranging from $451 to $160,000 per person per year (2022 US$). The total cost depended on the number of domains and perspectives included in each study. Conclusions: Most studies only reported costs to the healthcare system (i.e., hospitalizations and healthcare encounters) which likely underestimates the total costs of CF. The wide range of costs reported highlights the importance of standardizing perspectives, domains and costs when estimating the economic burden of CF.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2084724-5
ISSN	1873-5010 ; 1569-1993
ISSN (online)	1873-5010
ISSN	1569-1993
DOI	10.1016/j.jcf.2023.11.014
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Zs.A 6028: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 459: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Genomic analyses of germline and somatic variation in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Journal of ovarian research

2023 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 141

Abstract: Background: High-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSCs) display a high degree of complex genetic alterations. In this study, we identified germline and somatic genetic alterations in HGSC and their association with relapse-free and overall survival. Using ...

Abstract	Background: High-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSCs) display a high degree of complex genetic alterations. In this study, we identified germline and somatic genetic alterations in HGSC and their association with relapse-free and overall survival. Using a targeted capture of 557 genes involved in DNA damage response and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways, we conducted next-generation sequencing of DNA from matched blood and tumor tissue from 71 HGSC participants. In addition, we performed the OncoScan assay on tumor DNA from 61 participants to examine somatic copy number alterations (SCNA). Results: Approximately one-third of tumors had loss-of-function (LOF) germline (18/71, 25.4%) or somatic (7/71, 9.9%) variants in the DNA homologous recombination repair pathway genes BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, MRE11A, BLM, and PALB2. LOF germline variants also were identified in other Fanconi anemia genes and in MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway genes. Most tumors harbored somatic TP53 variants (65/71, 91.5%). Using the OncoScan assay on tumor DNA from 61 participants, we identified focal homozygous deletions in BRCA1, BRCA2, MAP2K4, PTEN, RB1, SLX4, STK11, CREBBP, and NF1. In total, 38% (27/71) of HGSC patients harbored pathogenic variants in DNA homologous recombination repair genes. For patients with multiple tissues from the primary debulking or from multiple surgeries, the somatic mutations were maintained with few newly acquired point mutations suggesting that tumor evolution was not through somatic mutations. There was a significant association of LOF variants in homologous recombination repair pathway genes and high-amplitude somatic copy number alterations. Using GISTIC analysis, we identified NOTCH3, ZNF536, and PIK3R2 in these regions that were significantly associated with an increase in cancer recurrence and a reduction in overall survival. Conclusions: From 71 patients with HGCS, we performed targeted germline and tumor sequencing and provided a comprehensive analysis of these 557 genes. We identified germline and somatic genetic alterations including somatic copy number alterations and analyzed their associations with relapse-free and overall survival. This single-site long-term follow-up study provides additional information on genetic alterations related to occurrence and outcome of HGSC. Our findings suggest that targeted treatments based on both variant and SCNA profile potentially could improve relapse-free and overall survival.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Genomics ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
Chemical Substances	Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2455679-8
ISSN	1757-2215 ; 1757-2215
ISSN (online)	1757-2215
ISSN	1757-2215
DOI	10.1186/s13048-023-01234-x
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Article ; Online: Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk in 109,954 Veterans With Adult-Onset Diabetes: The Million Veteran Program (MVP).

Diabetes care

2024

Abstract: Objective: To characterize high type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk in a population where type 2 diabetes (T2D) predominates.: Research design and methods: Characteristics typically associated with T1D were assessed in 109,594 Million Veteran Program ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To characterize high type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk in a population where type 2 diabetes (T2D) predominates. Research design and methods: Characteristics typically associated with T1D were assessed in 109,594 Million Veteran Program participants with adult-onset diabetes, 2011-2021, who had T1D genetic risk scores (GRS) defined as low (0 to <45%), medium (45 to <90%), high (90 to <95%), or highest (≥95%). Results: T1D characteristics increased progressively with higher genetic risk (P < 0.001 for trend). A GRS ≥ 90% was more common with diabetes diagnoses before age 40 years, but 95% of those participants were diagnosed at age ≥40 years, and they resembled T2D in mean age (64.3 years) and BMI (32.3 kg/m2). Compared with the low risk group, the highest-risk group was more likely to have diabetic ketoacidosis (low 0.9% vs. highest GRS 3.7%), hypoglycemia prompting emergency visits (3.7% vs. 5.8%), outpatient plasma glucose <50 mg/dL (7.5% vs. 13.4%), a shorter median time to start insulin (3.5 vs. 1.4 years), use of a T1D diagnostic code (16.3% vs. 28.1%), low C-peptide levels if tested (1.8% vs. 32.4%), and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (6.9% vs. 45.2%), all P < 0.001. Conclusions: Characteristics associated with T1D were increased with higher genetic risk, and especially with the top 10% of risk. However, the age and BMI of those participants resemble people with T2D, and a substantial proportion did not have diagnostic testing or use of T1D diagnostic codes. T1D genetic screening could be used to aid identification of adult-onset T1D in settings in which T2D predominates.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	441231-x
ISSN	1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
ISSN (online)	1935-5548
ISSN	0149-5992
DOI	10.2337/dc23-1927
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