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  1. Article ; Online: Contributions to the Improvement of Climate Data Availability and Quality for Sub-Saharan Africa

    Frank Kaspar / Axel Andersson / Markus Ziese / Rainer Hollmann

    Frontiers in Climate, Vol

    2022  Volume 3

    Abstract: Reliable weather observations are the basis to assess climate change and variability. Compared to other regions of the world, long time series of weather observations are sparse in many countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Various activities at national or ... ...

    Abstract Reliable weather observations are the basis to assess climate change and variability. Compared to other regions of the world, long time series of weather observations are sparse in many countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Various activities at national or international level are ongoing to improve the availability and quality of climate databases. Here, we present ongoing international contributions with a focus on representative examples hosted at Germany's national meteorological service DWD (Deutscher Wetterdienst). The international exchange of monthly climate reports (CLIMAT) is monitored within the Monitoring Centre of the GCOS Surface Network (Global Climate Observing System). In that context also quality control is performed and data are made publicly available. Recent climate observations can be complemented by digitization of historical hand-written weather observations which are available in distributed archives. International data centers, such as the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), collect international data. They perform quality-control of these observations and provide derived products in support of global and regional climate assessments. These activities can also contribute to the improvement of national climate databases, as e.g., demonstrated in a cooperation among selected countries with the SASSCAL initiative (Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management). Satellite-based observations are an additional source that can provide climatological information for selected parameters. In particular, the METEOSAT satellite series provides valuable data for the African continent. The Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM SAF) provides high resolution climate data covering the last decades derived from observations of such meteorological satellites. Based on these examples the paper illustrates the variety of ongoing international efforts in support of regional observation-based climate information, but also identifies the needs for further activities.
    Keywords climatology ; climate data ; climate monitoring ; weather observation ; Africa ; precipitation ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Green One-Step Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained from Schinus areira Leaf Extract: Characterization and Antibacterial Mechanism Analysis.

    Ferreyra Maillard, Anike P V / Bordón, Anahí / Cutro, Andrea C / Dalmasso, Pablo R / Hollmann, Axel

    Applied biochemistry and biotechnology

    2023  Volume 196, Issue 2, Page(s) 1104–1121

    Abstract: The increased emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a serious health problem worldwide. In this sense, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have received increasing attention for their antimicrobial activity. In this context, the goal of this study was ... ...

    Abstract The increased emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a serious health problem worldwide. In this sense, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have received increasing attention for their antimicrobial activity. In this context, the goal of this study was to produce AgNPs by a green synthesis protocol using an aqueous leaf extract of Schinus areira as biocomposite to later characterize their antimicrobial action. The nanomaterials obtained were characterized by UV‒vis spectroscopy, DLS, TEM, and Raman, confirming the presence of quasi-spherical AgNPs with a negative surface charge and diameter around 11 nm. Afterward, the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration of the AgNPs against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were obtained, showing high antibacterial activity. In both of the examined bacteria, the AgNPs were able to raise intracellular ROS levels. In E. coli, the AgNPs can harm the bacterial membrane as well. Overall, it can be concluded that it was possible to obtain AgNPs with colloidal stability and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Our findings point to at least two separate mechanisms that can cause cell death, one of which involves bacterial membrane damage and the other of which involves intracellular ROS induction.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Silver/pharmacology ; Silver/chemistry ; Schinus ; Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Escherichia coli ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Bacteria ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Silver (3M4G523W1G) ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Plant Extracts
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392344-7
    ISSN 1559-0291 ; 0273-2289
    ISSN (online) 1559-0291
    ISSN 0273-2289
    DOI 10.1007/s12010-023-04591-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Antimicrobial properties of the essential oil of Schinus areira (Aguaribay) against planktonic cells and biofilms of S. aureus.

    Cutro, Andrea C / Coria, M Sumampa / Bordon, Anahi / Rodriguez, Sergio A / Hollmann, Axel

    Archives of biochemistry and biophysics

    2023  Volume 744, Page(s) 109670

    Abstract: The essential oil (EO) of Schinus areira L. (Anacardiaceae) leaves has shown antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, we aimed to unravel the mechanisms of its antibacterial action by using bacterial cells and model membranes. ...

    Abstract The essential oil (EO) of Schinus areira L. (Anacardiaceae) leaves has shown antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, we aimed to unravel the mechanisms of its antibacterial action by using bacterial cells and model membranes. First, the integrity of the S. aureus membrane was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. It was observed that there was an increase in the permeability of cells that was dependent on the EO concentration as well as the incubation time. For a deep comprension of the action of the EO on the lipids, its effect on the membrane fluidity was evaluated on DMPC (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine): DMPG (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1'-rac-glycerol) (5:1) liposomes by dynamic light scattering and by using Laurdan doped liposomes. The results indicate that EO produces changes in lipid membrane packing, increasing the fluidity, reducing the cooperative cohesive interaction between phospholipids and increasing access of water or the insertion of some components of the EO to the interior of the membrane. In addition, the potential effect of EO on intracellular targets, such as the increase of cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage, were analyzed. The EO was capable of increasing the production of ROS as well as inducing a partial DNA degradation. Finally, the effect of EO on S. aureus biofilm was tested. These assays showed that EO was able to inhibit the biofilm formation, and also eradicate preformed biofilms. The results show, that the EO seems to have several bacterial targets involved in its antibacterial activity, from the bacterial membrane to DNA. Furthermore, the antibacterial action affects not only planktonic cells but also biofilms; reinforcing the potential application of this EO.
    MeSH term(s) Staphylococcus aureus ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Oils, Volatile/pharmacology ; Schinus ; Liposomes ; Plankton ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Biofilms ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
    Chemical Substances Oils, Volatile ; Liposomes ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 523-x
    ISSN 1096-0384 ; 0003-9861
    ISSN (online) 1096-0384
    ISSN 0003-9861
    DOI 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109670
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Insecticidal activity of the essential oil of Schinus areira against Rhipibruchus picturatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchinae), and its inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase.

    Mattar, Valeria Tapia / Borioni, José Luis / Hollmann, Axel / Rodriguez, Sergio A

    Pesticide biochemistry and physiology

    2022  Volume 185, Page(s) 105134

    Abstract: During the storage of Prosopis alba pods, substantial quantitative and qualitative losses were observed. One of the main factors is the seed beetle Rhipibruchus picturatus. A key strategy to develop new pest control management is the use of essential ... ...

    Abstract During the storage of Prosopis alba pods, substantial quantitative and qualitative losses were observed. One of the main factors is the seed beetle Rhipibruchus picturatus. A key strategy to develop new pest control management is the use of essential oils (EOs) due they are efficient, less toxic, and less persistent in the environment compared to synthetic pesticides. In this context, seeds and leaves of Schinus areira L. (Anacardiaceae) EOs and Citrus spp. EO were studied in the present work. In the leaves of S. areira EO, 1-epi-cadinol, sesquiterpenoid alcohol, was the major compound. On the other hand, the main compounds of the EO extracted from S. areira seeds are the monoterpenes sabinene, and α-pinene. Finally, in the Citrus EO, limonene is the principal component. The three EOs obtained exhibited insecticidal activity against R. picturatus, being the first report of the use of EOs against this insect pest. The best insecticidal results were obtained with the leaves of S. areira EO. Moreover, this EO inhibits the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in vitro assays. Molecular docking studies on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) suggest that the main components of the leaves of S, areira EOs, bind to the active site of the enzyme, in good agreement with in vitro competitive inhibition against AChE observed for this EO. The data obtained demonstrate the potential use of Schinus areira EOs in the development of new storage pest control strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Acetylcholinesterase ; Anacardiaceae/chemistry ; Animals ; Coleoptera ; Insecticides/chemistry ; Insecticides/pharmacology ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Oils, Volatile/chemistry ; Oils, Volatile/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Insecticides ; Oils, Volatile ; Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184819-7
    ISSN 1095-9939 ; 0048-3583 ; 0048-3575
    ISSN (online) 1095-9939
    ISSN 0048-3583 ; 0048-3575
    DOI 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105134
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Low-Temperature Isolation of a Labile Silylated Hydrazinium-yl Radical Cation, [(Me

    Reiß, Fabian / Villinger, Alexander / Brand, Harald / Baumann, Wolfgang / Hollmann, Dirk / Schulz, Axel

    Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

    2022  Volume 28, Issue 33, Page(s) e202200854

    Abstract: The oxidation of silylated hydrazine, ( ... ...

    Abstract The oxidation of silylated hydrazine, (Me
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-29
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1478547-X
    ISSN 1521-3765 ; 0947-6539
    ISSN (online) 1521-3765
    ISSN 0947-6539
    DOI 10.1002/chem.202200854
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The

    Bohl, Valentin / Hollmann, Nele Merret / Melzer, Tobias / Katikaridis, Panagiotis / Meins, Lena / Simon, Bernd / Flemming, Dirk / Sinning, Irmgard / Hennig, Janosch / Mogk, Axel

    eLife

    2024  Volume 12

    Abstract: Heat stress can cause cell death by triggering the aggregation of essential proteins. In bacteria, aggregated proteins are rescued by the canonical Hsp70/AAA+ (ClpB) bi-chaperone disaggregase. Man-made, severe stress conditions applied during, e.g., food ...

    Abstract Heat stress can cause cell death by triggering the aggregation of essential proteins. In bacteria, aggregated proteins are rescued by the canonical Hsp70/AAA+ (ClpB) bi-chaperone disaggregase. Man-made, severe stress conditions applied during, e.g., food processing represent a novel threat for bacteria by exceeding the capacity of the Hsp70/ClpB system. Here, we report on the potent autonomous AAA+ disaggregase ClpL from
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Listeria monocytogenes ; Cell Death ; Estrus ; Food ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Neural Tube Defects
    Chemical Substances HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.92746
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  7. Article ; Online: 25-Hydroxycholesterol Effect on Membrane Structure and Mechanical Properties.

    Domingues, Marco M / Gomes, Bárbara / Hollmann, Axel / Santos, Nuno C

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 5

    Abstract: Cholesterol is responsible for the plasticity of plasma membranes and is involved in physiological and pathophysiological responses. Cholesterol homeostasis is regulated by oxysterols, such as 25-hydroxycholesterol. The presence of 25-hydroxycholesterol ... ...

    Abstract Cholesterol is responsible for the plasticity of plasma membranes and is involved in physiological and pathophysiological responses. Cholesterol homeostasis is regulated by oxysterols, such as 25-hydroxycholesterol. The presence of 25-hydroxycholesterol at the membrane level has been shown to interfere with several viruses' entry into their target cells. We used atomic force microscopy to assess the effect of 25-hydroxycholesterol on different properties of supported lipid bilayers with controlled lipid compositions. In particular, we showed that 25-hydroxycholesterol inhibits the lipid-condensing effects of cholesterol, rendering the bilayers less rigid. This study indicates that the inclusion of 25-hydroxycholesterol in plasma membranes or the conversion of part of their cholesterol content into 25-hydroxycholesterol leads to morphological alterations of the sphingomyelin (SM)-enriched domains and promotes lipid packing inhomogeneities. These changes culminate in membrane stiffness variations.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Membrane/chemistry ; Cholesterol/chemistry ; Hydroxycholesterols/chemistry ; Lipid Bilayers/chemistry ; Lipids/chemistry ; Microscopy, Atomic Force/methods ; Sphingomyelins/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Hydroxycholesterols ; Lipid Bilayers ; Lipids ; Sphingomyelins ; 25-hydroxycholesterol (767JTD2N31) ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms22052574
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  8. Article ; Online: Review of antiviral peptides for use against zoonotic and selected non-zoonotic viruses.

    Hollmann, Axel / Cardoso, Nancy P / Espeche, Juan C / Maffía, Paulo C

    Peptides

    2021  Volume 142, Page(s) 170570

    Abstract: Viruses remain one of the leading causes of animal and human disease. Some animal viral infections spread sporadically to human populations, posing a serious health risk. Particularly the emerging viral zoonotic diseases such as the novel, zoonotic ... ...

    Abstract Viruses remain one of the leading causes of animal and human disease. Some animal viral infections spread sporadically to human populations, posing a serious health risk. Particularly the emerging viral zoonotic diseases such as the novel, zoonotic coronavirus represent an actual challenge for the scientific and medical community. Besides human health risks, some animal viral infections, although still not zoonotic, represent important economic loses to the livestock industry. Viral infections pose a genuine concern for which there has been an increasing interest for new antiviral molecules. Among these novel compounds, antiviral peptides have been proposed as promising therapeutic options, not only for the growing body of evidence showing hopeful results but also due to the many adverse effects of chemical-based drugs. Here we review the current progress, key targets and considerations for the development of antiviral peptides (AVPs). The review summarizes the state of the art of the AVPs tested in zoonotic (coronaviruses, Rift Valley fever viruses, Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, Dengue and Junín virus) and also non-zoonotic farm animal viruses (avian and cattle viruses). Their molecular target, amino acid sequence and mechanism of action are summarized and reviewed. Antiviral peptides are currently on the cutting edge since they have been reported to display anti-coronavirus activity. Particularly, the review will discuss the specific mode of action of AVPs that specifically inhibit the fusion of viral and host-cell membranes for SARS-CoV-2, showing in detail some important features of the fusion inhibiting peptides that target the spike protein of these risky viruses.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Dengue Virus/drug effects ; Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine/drug effects ; Humans ; Junin virus/drug effects ; Peptides/pharmacology ; Rift Valley fever virus/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; Viral Zoonoses/drug therapy ; Viruses/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 769028-9
    ISSN 1873-5169 ; 0196-9781
    ISSN (online) 1873-5169
    ISSN 0196-9781
    DOI 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170570
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: 25-Hydroxycholesterol Effect on Membrane Structure and Mechanical Properties

    Marco M. Domingues / Bárbara Gomes / Axel Hollmann / Nuno C. Santos

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 5, p

    2021  Volume 2574

    Abstract: Cholesterol is responsible for the plasticity of plasma membranes and is involved in physiological and pathophysiological responses. Cholesterol homeostasis is regulated by oxysterols, such as 25-hydroxycholesterol. The presence of 25-hydroxycholesterol ... ...

    Abstract Cholesterol is responsible for the plasticity of plasma membranes and is involved in physiological and pathophysiological responses. Cholesterol homeostasis is regulated by oxysterols, such as 25-hydroxycholesterol. The presence of 25-hydroxycholesterol at the membrane level has been shown to interfere with several viruses’ entry into their target cells. We used atomic force microscopy to assess the effect of 25-hydroxycholesterol on different properties of supported lipid bilayers with controlled lipid compositions. In particular, we showed that 25-hydroxycholesterol inhibits the lipid-condensing effects of cholesterol, rendering the bilayers less rigid. This study indicates that the inclusion of 25-hydroxycholesterol in plasma membranes or the conversion of part of their cholesterol content into 25-hydroxycholesterol leads to morphological alterations of the sphingomyelin (SM)-enriched domains and promotes lipid packing inhomogeneities. These changes culminate in membrane stiffness variations.
    Keywords cholesterol ; 25-hydroxycholesterol ; atomic force microscopy ; force spectroscopy ; supported lipid bilayers ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article: Review of antiviral peptides for use against zoonotic and selected non-zoonotic viruses

    Hollmann, Axel / Cardoso, Nancy P / Espeche, Juan C / Maffía, Paulo C

    Peptides. 2021 Aug., v. 142

    2021  

    Abstract: Viruses remain one of the leading causes of animal and human disease. Some animal viral infections spread sporadically to human populations, posing a serious health risk. Particularly the emerging viral zoonotic diseases such as the novel, zoonotic ... ...

    Abstract Viruses remain one of the leading causes of animal and human disease. Some animal viral infections spread sporadically to human populations, posing a serious health risk. Particularly the emerging viral zoonotic diseases such as the novel, zoonotic coronavirus represent an actual challenge for the scientific and medical community. Besides human health risks, some animal viral infections, although still not zoonotic, represent important economic loses to the livestock industry. Viral infections pose a genuine concern for which there has been an increasing interest for new antiviral molecules. Among these novel compounds, antiviral peptides have been proposed as promising therapeutic options, not only for the growing body of evidence showing hopeful results but also due to the many adverse effects of chemical-based drugs. Here we review the current progress, key targets and considerations for the development of antiviral peptides (AVPs). The review summarizes the state of the art of the AVPs tested in zoonotic (coronaviruses, Rift Valley fever viruses, Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, Dengue and Junín virus) and also non-zoonotic farm animal viruses (avian and cattle viruses). Their molecular target, amino acid sequence and mechanism of action are summarized and reviewed.Antiviral peptides are currently on the cutting edge since they have been reported to display anti-coronavirus activity. Particularly, the review will discuss the specific mode of action of AVPs that specifically inhibit the fusion of viral and host-cell membranes for SARS-CoV-2, showing in detail some important features of the fusion inhibiting peptides that target the spike protein of these risky viruses.
    Keywords Eastern equine encephalitis virus ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; amino acid sequences ; birds ; cattle ; dengue ; human health ; humans ; livestock and meat industry ; mechanism of action ; peptides ; risk ; therapeutics ; viruses
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-08
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 769028-9
    ISSN 1873-5169 ; 0196-9781
    ISSN (online) 1873-5169
    ISSN 0196-9781
    DOI 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170570
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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