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Article ; Online: Emerging technologies for heart disease

Eli Gabbay

Journal of the Practice of Cardiovascular Sciences, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 87-

A book review

2021 Volume 87

Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Surgery ; RD1-811 ; Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ; RC666-701
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Gahungu, Nestor / Trueick, Robert / Coopes, Martin / Gabbay, Eli

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

2021 Volume 375, Page(s) e058568

MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Anticoagulants/administration & dosage ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Atrial Fibrillation/complications ; Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Hypertension/etiology ; Male ; Obesity/etiology ; Paresis/etiology ; Pyrazoles/administration & dosage ; Pyrazoles/therapeutic use ; Pyridones/administration & dosage ; Pyridones/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Pyrazoles ; Pyridones ; apixaban (3Z9Y7UWC1J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1362901-3
ISSN	1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
ISSN (online)	1756-1833
ISSN	0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
DOI	10.1136/bmj-2021-058568
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Article ; Online: Case report of osteolytic lesions in a patient with multisystem granulomatous disease.

Nel, Henco / Davis, Brad / Adler, Brendan / Gabbay, Eli

BMJ case reports

2021 Volume 14, Issue 6

Abstract: We present a case of a 70-year-old Caucasian woman with multisystem granulomatous disease involving her lungs, bones and lymph nodes. The patient initially presented with cervical lymphadenopathy and subsequently developed progressive breathlessness. ... ...

Abstract	We present a case of a 70-year-old Caucasian woman with multisystem granulomatous disease involving her lungs, bones and lymph nodes. The patient initially presented with cervical lymphadenopathy and subsequently developed progressive breathlessness. Imaging revealed extensive mediastinal, hilar and intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy as well as bilateral pulmonary parenchymal infiltrates. Lymph node and lung biopsy confirmed non-necrotising granulomatous inflammation while a BAL showed scanty growth of Cryptococcus neoformans and moderate growth of
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Biopsy ; Female ; Granuloma/diagnostic imaging ; Granuloma/drug therapy ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphadenopathy ; Sarcoidosis/diagnosis ; Sarcoidosis/diagnostic imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2021-242685
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Warfarin is not the anticoagulant of choice for malignancy-associated venous thromboembolism.

Clay, Timothy D / Craven, Philip / Gabbay, Eli

Internal medicine journal

2019 Volume 49, Issue 7, Page(s) 934

MeSH term(s)	Anticoagulants ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Venous Thromboembolism ; Warfarin
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Warfarin (5Q7ZVV76EI)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-18
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2045436-3
ISSN	1445-5994 ; 1444-0903
ISSN (online)	1445-5994
ISSN	1444-0903
DOI	10.1111/imj.14343
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Zs.A 792: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article: Dilemmas in anticoagulation and use of inferior vena cava filters in venous thromboembolism; a survey of Respiratory Physicians, Haematologists and Medical Oncologists and a review of the literature.

Craven, Philip / Daly, Ciara / Sikotra, Nisha / Clay, Tim / Gabbay, Eli

Pulmonary circulation

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 2045894020953841

Abstract: Twenty percent of patients with Cancer Associated Thrombosis receive an inferior vena cava filter annually. Insertion is guided by practice guidelines, which do not specify or discuss the use of inferior vena cava filters in malignancy. Adherence to ... ...

Abstract	Twenty percent of patients with Cancer Associated Thrombosis receive an inferior vena cava filter annually. Insertion is guided by practice guidelines, which do not specify or discuss the use of inferior vena cava filters in malignancy. Adherence to these guidelines is known to be variable. We aimed to see if there was consistent management of venous thromboembolism among Medical Oncologists/Haematologists and Respiratory Physicians, with respect to inferior vena cava filter use in the setting of suspected and confirmed malignancy. Medical Oncologists, Haematologists and Respiratory Physicians were surveyed with four theoretical cases. Case 1 concerns a patient who develops a pulmonary embolism following spinal surgery. Cases 2 and 4 explore the use of inferior vena cava filters in the setting of malignancy. Case 3 covers the role of inferior vena cava filters in recurrent thrombosis despite systemic anticoagulation. There were 56 responses, 32 (57%) Respiratory Physicians and 24 (43%) Haematologists/Oncologists. Respiratory Physicians were significantly more likely to insert an inferior vena cava filter in case 1 (
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2638089-4
ISSN	2045-8940 ; 2045-8932
ISSN (online)	2045-8940
ISSN	2045-8932
DOI	10.1177/2045894020953841
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Article ; Online: Transfer learning artificial intelligence for automated detection of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing evaluation for suspected obstructive sleep apnoea: a feasibility study.

Gahungu, Nestor / Shariar, Afsin / Playford, David / Judkins, Christopher / Gabbay, Eli

Sleep medicine

2021 Volume 85, Page(s) 166–171

Abstract: Background: Individuals with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) experience a higher burden of atrial fibrillation (AF) than the general population, and many cases of AF remain undetected. We tested the feasibility of an artificial intelligence (AI) approach ...

Abstract	Background: Individuals with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) experience a higher burden of atrial fibrillation (AF) than the general population, and many cases of AF remain undetected. We tested the feasibility of an artificial intelligence (AI) approach to opportunistic detection of AF from single-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) which are routinely recorded during in-laboratory polysomnographic sleep studies. Methods: Using transfer learning, an existing ECG AI model was applied to 1839 single-lead ECG traces recorded during in-laboratory sleep studies without any training of the algorithm. Manual review of all traces was performed by two trained clinicians who were blinded to each other's review. Discrepancies between the two investigators were resolved by two cardiologists who were also unaware of each other's scoring. The diagnostic accuracy of the AI algorithm was calculated against the results of the manual ECG review which were considered gold standard. Results: Manual review identified AF in 144 of the 1839 single-lead ECGs (7.8%). The AI detected all cases of manually confirmed AF (sensitivity = 100%, 95% CI: 97.5-100.0). The AI model misclassified many ECGs with artefacts as AF, resulting in a specificity of 76.0 (95% CI: 73.9-78.0), and an overall diagnostic accuracy of 77.9% (95% CI: 75.9%-97.8%). Conclusion: Transfer learning AI, without additional training, can be successfully applied to disparate ECG signals, with excellent negative predictive values, and can exclude AF among patients undergoing evaluation for suspected OSA. Further signal-specific training is likely to improve the AI's specificity and decrease the need for manual verification.
MeSH term(s)	Artificial Intelligence ; Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis ; Electrocardiography ; Feasibility Studies ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2012041-2
ISSN	1878-5506 ; 1389-9457
ISSN (online)	1878-5506
ISSN	1389-9457
DOI	10.1016/j.sleep.2021.07.014
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Zs.A 5315: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: The impact of the 2022 Ukraine/Russian conflict on cancer clinical trials.

Talbot, Alice / Connor, Sophia G / Austin, Kate / Hannon, Tara / Gabbay, Eli / Clay, Timothy D

The Journal of international medical research

2022 Volume 50, Issue 12, Page(s) 3000605221143284

Abstract: Since the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, clinical trial conduct has become extremely challenging due to damage to the healthcare infrastructure and patient displacement. This current study aimed to estimate the number of cancer clinical trials at ... ...

Abstract	Since the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, clinical trial conduct has become extremely challenging due to damage to the healthcare infrastructure and patient displacement. This current study aimed to estimate the number of cancer clinical trials at risk of impact from the conflict. A descriptive analysis and narrative review were completed using data from cancer clinical trials with sites in Russia or Ukraine using the 'clinical trials.gov' online database between February 2022 and May 2022. There were 508 clinical trials involving sites in Ukraine or Russia. Most were multinational studies (470 of 508; 93%). The majority of studies were phase 3 (344 of 508; 68%) and these also had the largest sample sizes (median 624, range 12-5637). The most common tumour types were lung (128 of 508; 25%), urogenital (94 of 508; 19%) and breast (78 of 508; 15%). A meaningful number of trials had curative intent (129 of 508; 25%). The most common intervention was immunotherapy-related (218 of 508; 43%), followed by other targeted therapy (185 of 508; 36%). Ukraine and Russia are both large centres for global clinical trial activity. The invasion of Ukraine may result in underpowering of international clinical trial results with loss of future recruitment sites for both countries.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ukraine/epidemiology ; Russia ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Delivery of Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	184023-x
ISSN	1473-2300 ; 0300-0605 ; 0142-2596
ISSN (online)	1473-2300
ISSN	0300-0605 ; 0142-2596
DOI	10.1177/03000605221143284
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Article ; Online: The impact of the 2022 Ukraine/Russian conflict on cancer clinical trials

Alice Talbot / Sophia G. Connor / Kate Austin / Tara Hannon / Eli Gabbay / Timothy D. Clay

Journal of International Medical Research, Vol

2022 Volume 50

Abstract	Since the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, clinical trial conduct has become extremely challenging due to damage to the healthcare infrastructure and patient displacement. This current study aimed to estimate the number of cancer clinical trials at risk of impact from the conflict. A descriptive analysis and narrative review were completed using data from cancer clinical trials with sites in Russia or Ukraine using the ‘clinical trials.gov’ online database between February 2022 and May 2022. There were 508 clinical trials involving sites in Ukraine or Russia. Most were multinational studies (470 of 508; 93%). The majority of studies were phase 3 (344 of 508; 68%) and these also had the largest sample sizes (median 624, range 12–5637). The most common tumour types were lung (128 of 508; 25%), urogenital (94 of 508; 19%) and breast (78 of 508; 15%). A meaningful number of trials had curative intent (129 of 508; 25%). The most common intervention was immunotherapy-related (218 of 508; 43%), followed by other targeted therapy (185 of 508; 36%). Ukraine and Russia are both large centres for global clinical trial activity. The invasion of Ukraine may result in underpowering of international clinical trial results with loss of future recruitment sites for both countries.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Pulmonary arterial hypertension outcomes upon endothelin-1 receptor antagonist switch to macitentan.

Tynan, Timothy / Hird, Kathryn / Hannon, Tara / Gabbay, Eli

The Journal of international medical research

2019 Volume 47, Issue 5, Page(s) 2177–2186

Abstract: Objectives: To assess whether switching patients with suboptimally controlled pulmonary arterial hypertension from bosentan or ambrisentan to macitentan would improve six-minute walk test (6MWT) distance and World Health Organization functional class.!## ...

Abstract	Objectives: To assess whether switching patients with suboptimally controlled pulmonary arterial hypertension from bosentan or ambrisentan to macitentan would improve six-minute walk test (6MWT) distance and World Health Organization functional class. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort analysis of 37 patients from a single center. Patients were separated into three heterogeneous treatment groups and followed for 18 months: switch group (n = 14): patients switched to macitentan from bosentan/ambrisentan; added group (n = 11): patients who began macitentan as de novo therapy (n = 5) or who added macitentan to an existing sildenafil regimen (n = 6); and control group (n = 12): patients for whom sildenafil and/or bosentan/ambrisentan therapy was unchanged. Results: Mortality was observed in two patients (one each, switch and added groups). Patients in the control group had one hospital admission and 100% survival. There was significant improvement in functional class for the switch and added groups. Statistically significant improvement was observed in 6MWT distance in the added group alone. Overall, 92% of patients continued macitentan throughout the study. Conclusion: Macitentan was well tolerated. For bosentan/ambrisentan-treated patients with suboptimally controlled pulmonary arterial hypertension, switching to macitentan may facilitate an improvement in functional class.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists/adverse effects ; Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pyrimidines/adverse effects ; Pyrimidines/therapeutic use ; Receptor, Endothelin A/metabolism ; Sulfonamides/adverse effects ; Sulfonamides/therapeutic use ; Systole/drug effects ; Treatment Outcome ; Ventricular Function/drug effects ; Walk Test ; World Health Organization
Chemical Substances	Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists ; Pyrimidines ; Receptor, Endothelin A ; Sulfonamides ; macitentan (Z9K9Y9WMVL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	184023-x
ISSN	1473-2300 ; 0300-0605 ; 0142-2596
ISSN (online)	1473-2300
ISSN	0300-0605 ; 0142-2596
DOI	10.1177/0300060519840130
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Article ; Online: Advances in screening for undiagnosed atrial fibrillation for stroke prevention and implications for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: a literature review and research agenda.

Gahungu, Nestor / Judkins, Christopher / Gabbay, Eli / Playford, David

Sleep medicine

2019 Volume 57, Page(s) 107–114

Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of sustained cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice, and its burden is expected to increase in most developed countries over the next few decades. Because AF can be silent, it is often not ... ...

Abstract	Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of sustained cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice, and its burden is expected to increase in most developed countries over the next few decades. Because AF can be silent, it is often not diagnosed until an AF-related complication occurs, such as stroke. AF is also associated with increased risk of heart failure, lower quality of life, and death. Anticoagulation has been shown to dramatically decrease embolic risk in the setting of atrial fibrillation, resulting in growing interest in early detection of previously undiagnosed AF. Newly developed monitoring devices have improved the detection of AF and have been recommended in guidelines for screening of AF in individuals aged 65 years and over. While screening is currently targeted to these older individuals, younger patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are at higher risk of AF and stroke than the general population, indicating a need for targeted early detection of AF in this group. Compared to individuals without OSA, those with OSA are four times more likely to develop AF, and the risk of AF is strongly associated with OSA severity. The overall prevalence of AF among individuals with OSA remains unknown because of limitations related to study design and to the conventional methods previously used for AF detection. Recent and emerging technological advances may improve the detection of undiagnosed AF in high-risk population groups, such as those with OSA. In this clinical review, we discuss the methods of screening for AF and the applications of newer technologies for AF detection in patients with OSA. We conclude the review with a brief description of our research agenda in this area.
MeSH term(s)	Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis ; Atrial Fibrillation/prevention & control ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications ; Stroke/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2012041-2
ISSN	1878-5506 ; 1389-9457
ISSN (online)	1878-5506
ISSN	1389-9457
DOI	10.1016/j.sleep.2019.01.036
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