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Article: Genomic Analyses of

Wasala, Sulochana K / Howe, Dana K / Dandurand, Louise-Marie / Zasada, Inga A / Denver, Dee R

2021 Volume 10, Issue 3

Abstract: Globodera ... ...

Abstract	Globodera pallida
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens10030363
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Article ; Online: Retraction: Pioglitazone, a PPARγ Agonist, Suppresses CYP19 Transcription: Evidence for Involvement of 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase and BRCA1.

Subbaramaiah, Kotha / Howe, Louise R / Zhou, Xi Kathy / Yang, Peiying / Hudis, Clifford A / Kopelovich, Levy / Dannenberg, Andrew J

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

2022 Volume 15, Issue 6, Page(s) 411

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Retraction of Publication
ZDB-ID	2434717-6
ISSN	1940-6215 ; 1940-6207
ISSN (online)	1940-6215
ISSN	1940-6207
DOI	10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-22-0204
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Zs.A 6766: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The relationship between type, timing and duration of exposure to adverse childhood experiences and adolescent self-harm and depression: findings from three UK prospective population-based cohorts.

Farooq, Bushra / Russell, Abigail E / Howe, Laura D / Herbert, Annie / Smith, Andrew D A C / Fisher, Helen L / Baldwin, Jessie R / Arseneault, Louise / Danese, Andrea / Mars, Becky

Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines

2024

Abstract: Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are well-established risk factors for self-harm and depression. However, despite their high comorbidity, there has been little focus on the impact of developmental timing and the duration of exposure to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are well-established risk factors for self-harm and depression. However, despite their high comorbidity, there has been little focus on the impact of developmental timing and the duration of exposure to ACEs on co-occurring self-harm and depression. Methods: Data were utilised from over 22,000 children and adolescents participating in three UK cohorts, followed up longitudinally for 14-18 years: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) and the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study. Multinomial logistic regression models estimated associations between each ACE type and a four-category outcome: no self-harm or depression, self-harm alone, depression alone and self-harm with co-occurring depression. A structured life course modelling approach was used to examine whether the accumulation (duration) of exposure to each ACE, or a critical period (timing of ACEs) had the strongest effects on self-harm and depression in adolescence. Results: The majority of ACEs were associated with co-occurring self-harm and depression, with consistent findings across cohorts. The importance of timing and duration of ACEs differed across ACEs and across cohorts. For parental mental health problems, longer duration of exposure was strongly associated with co-occurring self-harm and depression in both ALSPAC (adjusted OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.25) and MCS (1.18, 1.11-1.26) cohorts. For other ACEs in ALSPAC, exposure in middle childhood was most strongly associated with co-occurring self-harm and depression, and ACE occurrence in early childhood and adolescence was more important in the MCS. Conclusions: Efforts to mitigate the impact of ACEs should start in early life with continued support throughout childhood, to prevent long-term exposure to ACEs contributing to risk of self-harm and depression in adolescence.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218136-8
ISSN	1469-7610 ; 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
ISSN (online)	1469-7610
ISSN	0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
DOI	10.1111/jcpp.13986
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Article ; Online: Chronic pain in people living with dementia: challenges to recognising and managing pain, and personalising intervention by phenotype.

Collins, Jemima T / Harwood, Rowan H / Cowley, Alison / Di Lorito, Claudio / Ferguson, Eamonn / Minicucci, Marcos F / Howe, Louise / Masud, Tahir / Ogliari, Giulia / O'Brien, Rebecca / Azevedo, Paula S / Walsh, David A / Gladman, John R F

Age and ageing

2023 Volume 52, Issue 1

Abstract: Pain is common in people with dementia, and pain can exacerbate the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Effective pain management is challenging, not least in people with dementia. Impairments of cognition, communication and abstract ... ...

Abstract	Pain is common in people with dementia, and pain can exacerbate the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Effective pain management is challenging, not least in people with dementia. Impairments of cognition, communication and abstract thought can make communicating pain unreliable or impossible. It is unclear which biopsychosocial interventions for pain management are effective in people with dementia, and which interventions for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia are effective in people with pain. The result is that drugs, physical therapies and psychological therapies might be either underused or overused. People with dementia and pain could be helped by assessment processes that characterise an individual's pain experience and dementia behaviours in a mechanistic manner, phenotyping. Chronic pain management has moved from a 'one size fits all' approach, towards personalised medicine, where interventions recommended for an individual depend upon the key mechanisms underlying their pain, and the relative values they place on benefits and adverse effects. Mechanistic phenotyping through careful personalised evaluation would define the mechanisms driving pain and dementia behaviours in an individual, enabling the formulation of a personalised intervention strategy. Central pain processing mechanisms are particularly likely to be important in people with pain and dementia, and interventions to accommodate and address these may be particularly helpful, not only to relieve pain but also the symptoms of dementia.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pain Management ; Dementia/complications ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Dementia/therapy ; Chronic Pain/diagnosis ; Chronic Pain/therapy ; Phenotype
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	186788-x
ISSN	1468-2834 ; 0002-0729
ISSN (online)	1468-2834
ISSN	0002-0729
DOI	10.1093/ageing/afac306
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Zs.A 877: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 448: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Educational inequality in multimorbidity: causality and causal pathways. A mendelian randomisation study in UK Biobank.

North, Teri-Louise / Harrison, Sean / Bishop, Deborah C / Wootton, Robyn E / Carter, Alice R / Richardson, Tom G / Payne, Rupert A / Salisbury, Chris / Howe, Laura D

BMC public health

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 1644

Abstract: Background: Multimorbidity, typically defined as having two or more long-term health conditions, is associated with reduced wellbeing and life expectancy. Understanding the determinants of multimorbidity, including whether they are causal, may help with ...

Abstract	Background: Multimorbidity, typically defined as having two or more long-term health conditions, is associated with reduced wellbeing and life expectancy. Understanding the determinants of multimorbidity, including whether they are causal, may help with the design and prioritisation of prevention interventions. This study seeks to assess the causality of education, BMI, smoking and alcohol as determinants of multimorbidity, and the degree to which BMI, smoking and alcohol mediate differences in multimorbidity by level of education. Methods: Participants were 181,214 females and 155,677 males, mean ages 56.7 and 57.1 years respectively, from UK Biobank. We used a Mendelian randomization design; an approach that uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to interrogate causality. Results: The prevalence of multimorbidity was 55.1%. Mendelian randomization suggests that lower education, higher BMI and higher levels of smoking causally increase the risk of multimorbidity. For example, one standard deviation (equivalent to 5.1 years) increase in genetically-predicted years of education decreases the risk of multimorbidity by 9.0% (95% CI: 6.5 to 11.4%). A 5 kg/m Conclusions: Education, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption are intervenable causal risk factors for multimorbidity. Furthermore, BMI and lifetime smoking make a considerable contribution to the generation of educational inequalities in multimorbidity. Public health interventions that improve population-wide levels of these risk factors are likely to reduce multimorbidity and inequalities in its occurrence.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Causality ; Educational Status ; Ethanol ; Multimorbidity ; United Kingdom/epidemiology ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Chemical Substances	Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-023-16369-1
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Article ; Online: Retraction: Obesity Is Associated With Inflammation and Elevated Aromatase Expression in the Mouse Mammary Gland.

Subbaramaiah, Kotha / Howe, Louise R / Bhardwaj, Priya / Du, Baoheng / Gravaghi, Claudia / Yantiss, Rhonda K / Zhou, Xi Kathy / Blaho, Victoria A / Hla, Timothy / Yang, Peiying / Kopelovich, Levy / Hudis, Clifford A / Dannenberg, Andrew J

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

2022 Volume 15, Issue 6, Page(s) 413

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Retraction of Publication
ZDB-ID	2434717-6
ISSN	1940-6215 ; 1940-6207
ISSN (online)	1940-6215
ISSN	1940-6207
DOI	10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-22-0202
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Article: Rexinoids and breast cancer prevention.

Howe, Louise R

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

2007 Volume 13, Issue 20, Page(s) 5983–5987

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dimerization ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid/chemistry ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
Chemical Substances	Anticarcinogenic Agents ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-10-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1225457-5
ISSN	1557-3265 ; 1078-0432
ISSN (online)	1557-3265
ISSN	1078-0432
DOI	10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1065
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Zs.A 4223: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Immunological dysfunction persists for 8 months following initial mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Phetsouphanh, Chansavath / Darley, David R / Wilson, Daniel B / Howe, Annett / Munier, C Mee Ling / Patel, Sheila K / Juno, Jennifer A / Burrell, Louise M / Kent, Stephen J / Dore, Gregory J / Kelleher, Anthony D / Matthews, Gail V

Nature immunology

2022 Volume 23, Issue 2, Page(s) 210–216

Abstract: A proportion of patients surviving acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection develop post-acute COVID syndrome (long COVID (LC)) lasting longer than 12 weeks. Here, we studied individuals with LC compared to age- and gender-matched recovered ... ...

Abstract	A proportion of patients surviving acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection develop post-acute COVID syndrome (long COVID (LC)) lasting longer than 12 weeks. Here, we studied individuals with LC compared to age- and gender-matched recovered individuals without LC, unexposed donors and individuals infected with other coronaviruses. Patients with LC had highly activated innate immune cells, lacked naive T and B cells and showed elevated expression of type I IFN (IFN-β) and type III IFN (IFN-λ1) that remained persistently high at 8 months after infection. Using a log-linear classification model, we defined an optimal set of analytes that had the strongest association with LC among the 28 analytes measured. Combinations of the inflammatory mediators IFN-β, PTX3, IFN-γ, IFN-λ2/3 and IL-6 associated with LC with 78.5-81.6% accuracy. This work defines immunological parameters associated with LC and suggests future opportunities for prevention and treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/virology ; Biomarkers/blood ; COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/virology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cytokines/blood ; Female ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Inflammation Mediators/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Severity of Illness Index ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/virology ; Time Factors ; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Cytokines ; Inflammation Mediators
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2016987-5
ISSN	1529-2916 ; 1529-2908
ISSN (online)	1529-2916
ISSN	1529-2908
DOI	10.1038/s41590-021-01113-x
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Zs.A 5294: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Genomic Analyses of Globodera pallida , a Quarantine Agricultural Pathogen in Idaho

Sulochana K. Wasala / Dana K. Howe / Louise-Marie Dandurand / Inga A. Zasada / Dee R. Denver

Pathogens, Vol 10, Iss 363, p

2021 Volume 363

Abstract: Globodera pallida is among the most significant plant-parasitic nematodes worldwide, causing major damage to potato production. Since it was discovered in Idaho in 2006, eradication efforts have aimed to contain and eradicate G. pallida through ... ...

Abstract	Globodera pallida is among the most significant plant-parasitic nematodes worldwide, causing major damage to potato production. Since it was discovered in Idaho in 2006, eradication efforts have aimed to contain and eradicate G. pallida through phytosanitary action and soil fumigation. In this study, we investigated genome-wide patterns of G. pallida genetic variation across Idaho fields to evaluate whether the infestation resulted from a single or multiple introduction(s) and to investigate potential evolutionary responses since the time of infestation. A total of 53 G. pallida samples (~1,042,000 individuals) were collected and analyzed, representing five different fields in Idaho, a greenhouse population, and a field in Scotland that was used for external comparison. According to genome-wide allele frequency and fixation index ( F st ) analyses, most of the genetic variation was shared among the G. pallida populations in Idaho fields pre-fumigation, indicating that the infestation likely resulted from a single introduction. Temporal patterns of genome-wide polymorphisms involving (1) pre-fumigation field samples collected in 2007 and 2014 and (2) pre- and post-fumigation samples revealed nucleotide variants (SNPs, single-nucleotide polymorphisms) with significantly differentiated allele frequencies indicating genetic differentiation. This study provides insights into the genetic origins and adaptive potential of G. pallida invading new environments.
Keywords	Globodera pallida ; potato-cyst ; nematode ; plant-parasite ; genome-wide genetic variation ; F st ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Inflammation and breast cancer. Cyclooxygenase/prostaglandin signaling and breast cancer.

Howe, Louise R

Breast cancer research : BCR

2007 Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) 210

Abstract: Many human cancers exhibit elevated prostaglandin (PG) levels due to upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a key enzyme in eicosanoid biosynthesis. COX-2 over-expression has been observed in about 40% of cases of invasive breast carcinoma and at a ... ...

Abstract	Many human cancers exhibit elevated prostaglandin (PG) levels due to upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a key enzyme in eicosanoid biosynthesis. COX-2 over-expression has been observed in about 40% of cases of invasive breast carcinoma and at a higher frequency in preinvasive ductal carcinoma in situ tumors, Extensive pharmacologic and genetic evidence implicates COX enzymes in neoplasia. Epidemiologic analyses demonstrate a protective effect of COX-inhibiting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with respect to human cancer. Complementary experimental studies have established that both conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and selective COX-2 inhibitors suppress mammary tumor formation in rodent breast cancer models. Furthermore, knocking out Cox-2 reduces mammary tumorigenesis and angiogenesis, and, conversely, transgenic COX-2 over-expression induces tumor formation. The utility of COX/PG signaling as a target for chemoprevention has been established by randomized controlled clinical trials. However, these studies also identified increased cardiovascular risk associated with use of selective COX-2 inhibitors. Thus, current efforts are directed toward identifying safer approaches to antagonizing COX/PG signaling for cancer prevention and treatment, with a particular focus on PGE2 regulation and signaling, because PGE2 is a key pro-tumorigenic prostanoid.
MeSH term(s)	Breast Neoplasms/enzymology ; Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Cyclooxygenase 2/physiology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Prostaglandins/physiology ; Signal Transduction/physiology
Chemical Substances	Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; Prostaglandins ; Cyclooxygenase 2 (EC 1.14.99.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2015059-3
ISSN	1465-542X ; 1465-5411
ISSN (online)	1465-542X
ISSN	1465-5411
DOI	10.1186/bcr1678
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