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Article ; Online: FORMATION OF THE CORTICAL CONCAVITY AT FERTILIZATION IN THE SEA URCHIN EGG.

Green, Jeffrey D / Summers, Robert G

2023 Volume 22, Issue 6, Page(s) 821–829

Abstract: During the initial stages of fertilization envelope elevation in eggs of Strongylocentrotus pur puratus and S. droebachiensis a large concavity of the egg cortex was observed in the light microscope. This concavity corresponded in shape and size with the ...

Abstract	During the initial stages of fertilization envelope elevation in eggs of Strongylocentrotus pur puratus and S. droebachiensis a large concavity of the egg cortex was observed in the light microscope. This concavity corresponded in shape and size with the elevating fertilization envelope. However, after the vitelline layers of eggs were disrupted and the eggs inseminated, the concavity failed to develop although the eggs were fertilized and developed normally. We propose that the concavity is formed owing to increased hydrostatic pressure within the perivitelline space. To further support this hypothesis we measured total egg protein secreted during fertilization, and found that 98% was retained within the perivitelline space. Furthermore, 80% of the total protein was contributed by the hyaline layer. Presumably, colloidal osmotic pressure and/or hydration of fertilization product, trapped beneath the fertilization envelope, is responsible for increased hydrostatic pressure within the perivitelline space, and therefore promotes not only fertilization envelope elevation, but the cortical concavity as well.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-06
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280433-5
ISSN	1440-169X ; 0012-1592
ISSN (online)	1440-169X
ISSN	0012-1592
DOI	10.1111/j.1440-169X.1980.00821.x
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Zs.A 194: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Diagnostic accuracy of diffusion-weighted imaging in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Mackenzie, G / Summers, D / Mackenzie, J / Knight, R

Neuroradiology

2023 Volume 65, Issue 12, Page(s) 1715–1727

Abstract: Purpose: This study sought to investigate the diagnostic sensitivity of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), a prion disease with significant public health implications on account of its transmissibility. The ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: This study sought to investigate the diagnostic sensitivity of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), a prion disease with significant public health implications on account of its transmissibility. The importance of this research stemmed from the first neuropathologically confirmed vCJD case in a PRNP heterozygous individual in 2016, which displayed DWI features typical of sporadic CJD (sCJD). The case was classified as 'probable' sCJD in life, predominantly based on these imaging findings. While DWI has proven valuable in diagnosing sCJD, its utility in vCJD diagnosis remains unclear. Methods: DWI and Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images from probable and definite vCJD cases referred to the National CJD Research and Surveillance Unit (NCJDRSU) were independently analysed by an expert neuroradiologist. Scans were reviewed within a mixed cohort of CJD cases including definite sCJD and non-CJD controls. Results: FLAIR sequences demonstrated greater sensitivity in identifying the pulvinar sign in vCJD compared to DWI (73% vs 41%, p-value <0.001). Basal ganglia hyperintensities were more prevalent in DWI (84%) than FLAIR (64%), and cortical hyperintensities were exclusive to DWI (24%). The pulvinar sign showed a specificity of 98% for vCJD and was rare in sCJD. Conclusion: DWI showed reduced sensitivity compared to FLAIR imaging in detecting the pulvinar sign in vCJD. Conversely, DWI can more distinctively identify basal ganglia and cortical hyperintensities, thus leading to imaging patterns more characteristic of sCJD. Therefore, DWI should be cautiously interpreted in vCJD diagnosis, with axial FLAIR potentially providing a more precise evaluation of the pulvinar sign.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome/diagnostic imaging ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Basal Ganglia
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-13
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123305-1
ISSN	1432-1920 ; 0028-3940
ISSN (online)	1432-1920
ISSN	0028-3940
DOI	10.1007/s00234-023-03230-w
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Zs.A 658: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The Effect of a Mental Task Versus Unilateral Physical Fatigue on Non-Local Muscle Fatigue in Recreationally Active Young Adults.

Ramsay, Emma / Alizadeh, Shahab / Summers, David / Hodder, Alexandra / Behm, David G

Journal of sports science & medicine

2023 Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 549–558

Abstract: ... by the interventions, there was a significant interaction (p = 0.001) small magnitude (d = 0.42) decrease in the non ... 046, d = 2.6) and non-dominant external obliques (p = 0.048, d = 0.57) activation adversely affecting ...

Abstract	Non-local muscle fatigue (NLMF) has been attributed to both physical and mental fatigue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mental exertion versus unilateral physical fatigue on NLMF. Sixteen recreationally active participants completed a physical task (2-sets of 100-s unilateral knee extension (KE) maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) with the dominant leg with 40-s recovery between sets, mental task (4-minute Stroop task), and control condition. Before and after each condition, blood lactate was collected, and contralateral 5-s KE, flexion (KF) and bilateral lateral trunk flexors MVIC (measure of trunk stability strength) was performed. Following the post-test 5-s MVICs, participants performed 12 non-dominant KE MVICs with a work-to-rest ratio of 5/10-s. Electromyography was monitored during the MVICs. Neither the 4-minute Stroop test or the unilateral KE physical fatigue intervention adversely affected the non-dominant KE forces or EMG activity with a single MVIC or 12 repetition MVICs. Although the non-dominant KF fatigue index forces and hamstrings EMG were not impaired by the interventions, there was a significant interaction (p = 0.001) small magnitude (d = 0.42) decrease in the non-dominant KF single MVIC force following the contralateral fatigue intervention, albeit with no significant change in hamstrings EMG. This MVIC deficit may be related to the significant decrease in dominant (p = 0.046, d = 2.6) and non-dominant external obliques (p = 0.048, d = 0.57) activation adversely affecting trunk stability. In conclusion, a 4-minute Stroop test or unilateral KE physical fatigue intervention did not impair non-dominant KE single or repeated 12 repetition MVIC forces or EMG activity. The small magnitude deficit in the non-dominant KF single MVIC force following the contralateral fatigue intervention are in accord with the heterogenous findings common in the literature.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Young Adult ; Muscle Fatigue ; Knee Joint ; Electromyography ; Hamstring Muscles ; Isometric Contraction
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2075564-8
ISSN	1303-2968 ; 1303-2968
ISSN (online)	1303-2968
ISSN	1303-2968
DOI	10.52082/jssm.2023.549
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Article ; Online: Identifying and Understanding Microbial Methanogenesis in CO

Tyne, R L / Barry, P H / Lawson, M / Lloyd, K G / Giovannelli, D / Summers, Z M / Ballentine, C J

Environmental science & technology

2023 Volume 57, Issue 26, Page(s) 9459–9473

Abstract: Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an important component in many national net-zero strategies. Ensuring that ... ...

Abstract	Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an important component in many national net-zero strategies. Ensuring that CO
MeSH term(s)	Carbon Dioxide ; Carbon ; Groundwater
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1520-5851
ISSN (online)	1520-5851
DOI	10.1021/acs.est.2c08652
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Article ; Online: Sagittal deformity of Garden type I and II geriatric femoral neck fractures is frequently misclassified by lateral radiographs.

Tiee, Madeline S / Golz, Andrew G / Kim, Andrew / Cohen, Joseph B / Summers, Hobie D / Alexander, Anup J / Lack, William D

OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma

2023 Volume 6, Issue 2, Page(s) e273

Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the validity and inter-rater reliability of radiographic assessment of sagittal deformity of femoral neck fractures.: Design: This is a retrospective cohort study.: Setting: Level 1 trauma center.: ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this study was to determine the validity and inter-rater reliability of radiographic assessment of sagittal deformity of femoral neck fractures. Design: This is a retrospective cohort study. Setting: Level 1 trauma center. Patients/participants: Thirty-one patients 65 years or older who sustained low-energy, Garden type I/II femoral neck fractures imaged with biplanar radiographs and either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging were included. Main outcome measurements: Preoperative sagittal tilt was measured on lateral radiographs and compared with the tilt identified on advanced imaging. Fractures were defined as "high-risk" if posterior tilt was ≥20 degrees or anterior tilt was >10 degrees. Results: Of 31 Garden type I/II femoral neck fractures, advanced imaging identified 10 high-risk fractures including 8 (25.8%) with posterior tilt ≥20 degrees and 2 (6.5%) with anterior tilt >10 degrees. Overall, there was no significant difference between sagittal tilt measured using lateral radiographs and advanced imaging ( Conclusions: Lateral radiographs frequently lead surgeons to misclassify high-risk sagittal tilt of low-energy femoral neck fractures as low-risk. Further research is necessary to improve the assessment of sagittal plane deformity for these injuries. Level of evidence: Level IV diagnostic study.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2574-2167
ISSN (online)	2574-2167
DOI	10.1097/OI9.0000000000000273
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Article ; Online: Discovery of new imidazotetrazinones with potential to overcome tumor resistance.

Summers, Helen S / Lewis, William / Williams, Huw E L / Bradshaw, Tracey D / Moody, Christopher J / Stevens, Malcolm F G

European journal of medicinal chemistry

2023 Volume 257, Page(s) 115507

Abstract: We describe the design, organic synthesis, and characterization, including X-ray crystallography, of a series of novel analogues of the clinically used antitumor agent temozolomide, together with their in vitro biological evaluation. The work has ... ...

Abstract	We describe the design, organic synthesis, and characterization, including X-ray crystallography, of a series of novel analogues of the clinically used antitumor agent temozolomide, together with their in vitro biological evaluation. The work has resulted in the discovery of a new series of anticancer imidazotetrazines that offer the potential to overcome the resistance mounted by tumors against temozolomide. The rationally designed compounds that incorporate a propargyl alkylating moiety and a thiazole ring as isosteric replacement for a carboxamide, are readily synthesized (gram-scale), exhibit defined solid-state structures, and enhanced growth-inhibitory activity against human tumor cell lines, including MGMT-expressing and MMR-deficient lines, molecular features that confer tumor resistance. The cell proliferation data were confirmed by clonogenic cell survival assays, and DNA flow cytometry analysis was undertaken to determine the effects of new analogues on cell cycle progression. Detailed
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Temozolomide/pharmacology ; Dacarbazine/pharmacology ; Dacarbazine/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Brain Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Thiazoles/pharmacology ; Thiazoles/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Glioblastoma/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Temozolomide (YF1K15M17Y) ; Dacarbazine (7GR28W0FJI) ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Thiazoles ; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-21
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	188597-2
ISSN	1768-3254 ; 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
ISSN (online)	1768-3254
ISSN	0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
DOI	10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115507
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Zs.B 784: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A virtual recruitment protocol promotes enrollment of underrepresented groups in a diabetes prevention trial.

Ritchie, Natalie D / Turk, Melanie T / Holtrop, Jodi Summers / Durfee, Michael Josh / Dickinson, L Miriam / Kaufmann, Peter G

Journal of clinical and translational science

2024 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) e26

Abstract: Strategies are needed to ensure greater participation of underrepresented groups in diabetes research. We examined the impact of a remote study protocol on enrollment in diabetes research, specifically the Pre-NDPP clinical trial. Recruitment was ... ...

Abstract	Strategies are needed to ensure greater participation of underrepresented groups in diabetes research. We examined the impact of a remote study protocol on enrollment in diabetes research, specifically the Pre-NDPP clinical trial. Recruitment was conducted among 2807 diverse patients in a safety-net healthcare system. Results indicated three-fold greater odds of enrolling in remote versus in-person protocols (AOR 2.90;
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2059-8661
ISSN (online)	2059-8661
DOI	10.1017/cts.2024.11
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Article ; Online: Apolipoprotein E secreted by astrocytes forms antiparallel dimers in discoidal lipoproteins.

Strickland, Michael R / Rau, Michael J / Summers, Brock / Basore, Katherine / Wulf, John / Jiang, Hong / Chen, Yun / Ulrich, Jason D / Randolph, Gwendalyn J / Zhang, Rui / Fitzpatrick, James A J / Cashikar, Anil G / Holtzman, David M

Neuron

2024 Volume 112, Issue 7, Page(s) 1100–1109.e5

Abstract: The Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is of great interest due to its role as a risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. ApoE is secreted by astrocytes in the central nervous system in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-like lipoproteins. Structural models ...

Abstract	The Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is of great interest due to its role as a risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. ApoE is secreted by astrocytes in the central nervous system in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-like lipoproteins. Structural models of lipidated ApoE of high resolution could aid in a mechanistic understanding of how ApoE functions in health and disease. Using monoclonal Fab and F(ab')
MeSH term(s)	Astrocytes/metabolism ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics ; Lipoproteins, HDL/chemistry ; Lipoproteins, HDL/metabolism ; Central Nervous System/metabolism ; Apolipoprotein E4/metabolism ; Apolipoprotein E3/metabolism ; Lipoproteins
Chemical Substances	discoidal lipoproteins ; Apolipoproteins E ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; Apolipoprotein E4 ; Apolipoprotein E3 ; Lipoproteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	808167-0
ISSN	1097-4199 ; 0896-6273
ISSN (online)	1097-4199
ISSN	0896-6273
DOI	10.1016/j.neuron.2023.12.018
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Zs.A 2496: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 92: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A Stereometric Analysis of Karyokinesis, Cytokinesis and Cell Arrangements during and following Fourth Cleavage Period in the Sea Urchin, Lytechinus variegatus: (sea urchin embryo/cell division patterns/stereo imaging/3-D reconstruction).

Summers, Robert G / Morrill, John B / Leith, Ardean / Marko, Michael / Piston, David W / Stonebraker, Alan T

Development, growth & differentiation

2023 Volume 35, Issue 1, Page(s) 41–57

Abstract: ... and analytical 3-D reconstructions to obtain stereo images of patterns of karyokinesis and cell ...

Abstract	Fourth cleavage of the sea urchin embryo produces 16 blastomeres that are the starting point for analyses of cell lineages and bilateral symmetry. We used optical sectioning, scanning electron microscopy and analytical 3-D reconstructions to obtain stereo images of patterns of karyokinesis and cell arrangements between 4th and 6th cleavage. At 4th cleavage, 8 mesomeres result from a variant, oblique cleavage of the animal quartet with the mesomeres arranged in a staggered, offset pattern and not a planar ring. This oblique, non-radial cleavage pattern and polygonal packing of cells persists in the animal hemisphere throughout the cleavage period. Contrarily, at 4th cleavage, the 4 vegetal quartet nuclei migrate toward the vegetal pole during interphase; mitosis and cytokinesis are latitudinal and subequatorial. The 4 macromeres and 4 micromeres form before the animal quartet divides to produce a 12-cell stage. Subsequently, macromeres and their derivatives divide synchronously and radially through 8th cleavage according to the Sachs-Hertwig rule. At 5th cleavage, mesomeres and macromeres divide first; then the micromeres divide latitudinally and unequally to form the small and large micromeres. This temporal sequence produces 28-and 32-cell stages. At 6th cleavage, macromere and mesomere descendants divide synchronously before the 4 large micromeres divide parasynchronously to produce 56- and 60-cell stages.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-06
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280433-5
ISSN	1440-169X ; 0012-1592
ISSN (online)	1440-169X
ISSN	0012-1592
DOI	10.1111/j.1440-169X.1993.00041.x
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Zs.A 194: Show issues

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Article: COVID-19 and Australian school psychology: Qualitative perspectives for enhancing future practice.

Reupert, Andrea / Greenfeld, Daliya / May, Fiona / Berger, Emily / Morris, Zoe A / Allen, Kelly-Ann / Summers, Dianne / Wurf, Gerald

School Psychology International

2022 Volume 43, Issue 3, Page(s) 219–236

Abstract: ... b) alternative delivery modes and associated challenges, (c) close collaboration with families, (d ... students in future pandemics or where physical school attendance is disrupted (e.g., natural disasters). ...

Abstract	The challenges and changes driven by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the education sector have been linked to high rates of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic symptoms in school-aged populations. Despite this, it is also acknowledged that children and young people can be resilient and adaptable, with the right support in place. In schools, psychologists play an important role in supporting students' learning, behavior, wellbeing, and mental health. The aim of this study is to investigate the practices of Australian school psychologists during COVID-19 related school closures, focusing on their experiences and challenges and how they adapted their practices. Twelve Australian school psychologists were interviewed and, after member checks were undertaken, interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Six interrelated themes were identified including: (a) heightened student psychological stress, (b) alternative delivery modes and associated challenges, (c) close collaboration with families, (d) participants personal challenges during COVID-19, (e) assessment during COVID-19, and (f) possible long-term practice changes post pandemic. The results of this study have implications for policies to support students in future pandemics or where physical school attendance is disrupted (e.g., natural disasters).
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2060753-2
ISSN	1461-7374 ; 0143-0343
ISSN (online)	1461-7374
ISSN	0143-0343
DOI	10.1177/01430343221091953
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