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Article ; Online: Examining the contributions of desirable difficulty and reminding to the spacing effect.

Maddox, Geoffrey B / Pyc, Mary A / Kauffman, Zachary S / Gatewood, Jessica D / Schonhoff, Aubrey M

2018 Volume 46, Issue 8, Page(s) 1376–1388

Abstract: Although substantial evidence indicates that spacing repeated study events with intervening material generally enhances memory performance relative to massing study events, the mechanism underlying this benefit is less clear. Two experiments examined the ...

Abstract	Although substantial evidence indicates that spacing repeated study events with intervening material generally enhances memory performance relative to massing study events, the mechanism underlying this benefit is less clear. Two experiments examined the role of reminding difficulty during the acquisition of material in modulating final memory performance for spaced repetitions utilizing recognition (Experiment 1) and recall tests (Experiment 2). Specifically, participants studied a list of words presented one or two times separated by one or five items. On each trial participants reported whether the item had been previously presented (i.e., repetition detection judgment), and the response latency served as a proxy for reminding difficulty such that longer response latencies reflected more difficult reminding. A third experiment extended this paradigm with the inclusion of a massed condition and novel lag conditions (three and ten items). Results revealed significant lag effects in final test performance across experiments despite comparable repetition detection difficulty between lag conditions during acquisition. Moreover, results from within-participant point-biserial analyses and mediation analyses converged on overall performance measures in suggesting that repetition detection difficulty failed to modulate final test performance in the current paradigm. Discussion considers the implications of the current results for mechanisms proposed to underlie the benefits of spaced study and spaced retrieval practice.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Mental Recall/physiology ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Reading ; Recognition (Psychology)/physiology ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	185691-1
ISSN	1532-5946 ; 0090-502X
ISSN (online)	1532-5946
ISSN	0090-502X
DOI	10.3758/s13421-018-0843-3
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Zs.A 4560: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Factors Influencing the Use of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Autistic Adults: A Survey of Community Mental Health Clinicians.

Maddox, Brenna B / Crabbe, Samantha R / Fishman, Jessica M / Beidas, Rinad S / Brookman-Frazee, Lauren / Miller, Judith S / Nicolaidis, Christina / Mandell, David S

Journal of autism and developmental disorders

2019 Volume 49, Issue 11, Page(s) 4421–4428

Abstract: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can improve anxiety and depression in autistic adults, but few autistic adults receive this treatment. We examined factors that may influence clinicians' use of CBT with autistic adults. One hundred clinicians completed ...

Abstract	Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can improve anxiety and depression in autistic adults, but few autistic adults receive this treatment. We examined factors that may influence clinicians' use of CBT with autistic adults. One hundred clinicians completed an online survey. Clinicians reported stronger intentions (p = .001), more favorable attitudes (p < .001), greater normative pressure (p < .001), and higher self-efficacy (p < .001) to start CBT with non-autistic adults than with autistic adults. The only significant predictor of intentions to begin CBT with clients with anxiety or depression was clinicians' attitudes (p < .001), with more favorable attitudes predicting stronger intentions. These findings are valuable for designing effective, tailored implementation strategies to increase clinicians' adoption of CBT for autistic adults.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anxiety/psychology ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Autistic Disorder/psychology ; Autistic Disorder/therapy ; Cognition ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Community Health Workers/psychology ; Community Mental Health Services/statistics & numerical data ; Depression/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Intention ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Self Efficacy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391999-7
ISSN	1573-3432 ; 0162-3257
ISSN (online)	1573-3432
ISSN	0162-3257
DOI	10.1007/s10803-019-04156-0
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Article ; Online: Toxic Shock Syndrome in Patients Younger than 21 Years of Age, United States, 2006-2018.

Leung, Jessica / Abrams, Joseph Y / Maddox, Ryan A / Godfred-Cato, Shana / Schonberger, Lawrence B / Belay, Ermias D

The Pediatric infectious disease journal

2021 Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) e125–e128

Abstract: We examined the incidence of toxic shock syndrome in the United States during 2006-2018 among persons <21 years old with commercial or Medicaid-insurance using administrative data. There were 1008 commercially-insured and 481 Medicaid-insured toxic shock ...

Abstract	We examined the incidence of toxic shock syndrome in the United States during 2006-2018 among persons <21 years old with commercial or Medicaid-insurance using administrative data. There were 1008 commercially-insured and 481 Medicaid-insured toxic shock syndrome cases. The annual rate was 1 per 100,000 and stable over time. Rates were even lower in children <5 years old and stable over time.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Insurance, Health/classification ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Shock, Septic/epidemiology ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392481-6
ISSN	1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
ISSN (online)	1532-0987
ISSN	0891-3668
DOI	10.1097/INF.0000000000003011
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Article ; Online: Concordance between a U.S. Educational Autism Classification and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule.

Maddox, Brenna B / Rump, Keiran M / Stahmer, Aubyn C / Suhrheinrich, Jessica / Rieth, Sarah R / Nahmias, Allison S / Nuske, Heather J / Reisinger, Erica M / Crabbe, Samantha R / Bronstein, Briana / Mandell, David S

Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53

2019 Volume 49, Issue 4, Page(s) 469–475

Abstract: States in the United States differ in how they determine special education eligibility for autism services. Few states include an autism-specific diagnostic tool in their evaluation. In research, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS for first ...

Abstract	States in the United States differ in how they determine special education eligibility for autism services. Few states include an autism-specific diagnostic tool in their evaluation. In research, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS for first edition, ADOS-2 for second edition) is considered the gold-standard autism assessment. The purpose of this study was to estimate the proportion of children with an educational classification of autism who exceed the ADOS/ADOS-2 threshold for autism spectrum (concordance rate). Data were drawn from 4 school-based studies across 2 sites (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and San Diego, California). Participants comprised 627 children (2-12 years of age; 83% male) with an autism educational classification. Analyses included (a) calculating the concordance rate between educational and ADOS/ADOS-2 classifications and (b) estimating the associations between concordance and child's cognitive ability, study site, and ADOS/ADOS-2 administration year using logistic regression. More San Diego participants (97.5%, all assessed with the ADOS-2) met ADOS/ADOS-2 classification than did Philadelphia participants assessed with the ADOS-2 (92.2%) or ADOS (82.9%). Children assessed more recently were assessed with the ADOS-2; this group was more likely to meet ADOS/ADOS-2 classification than the group assessed longer ago with the ADOS. Children with higher IQ were less likely to meet ADOS/ADOS-2 classification. Most children with an educational classification of autism meet ADOS/ADOS-2 criteria, but results differ by site and by ADOS version and/or recency of assessment. Educational classification may be a reasonable but imperfect measure to include children in community-based trials.
MeSH term(s)	Autistic Disorder/classification ; Child ; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/diagnosis ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2073310-0
ISSN	1537-4424 ; 1537-4416
ISSN (online)	1537-4424
ISSN	1537-4416
DOI	10.1080/15374416.2019.1567345
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Article ; Online: Smoking cessation support strategies for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women of reproductive age: findings from the Which Way? study.

Kennedy, Michelle / Heris, Christina / Barrett, Eden / Bennett, Jessica / Maidment, Sian / Chamberlain, Catherine / Hussein, Paul / Longbottom, Hayley / Bacon, Shanell / Field, Belinda G / Field, Breannon / Ralph, Frances / Maddox, Raglan

The Medical journal of Australia

2022 Volume 217 Suppl 2, Page(s) S19–S26

Abstract: Objective: To identify smoking cessation support strategies that resonate with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women.: Design, setting and participants: A national cross-sectional survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women aged 16-49 ...

Abstract	Objective: To identify smoking cessation support strategies that resonate with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. Design, setting and participants: A national cross-sectional survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women aged 16-49 years who were smokers or ex-smokers was conducted online during the period July to October 2020. Main outcome measures: Preferred strategies, providers and locations for smoking cessation support. Results: Among a total of 428 women who participated in the survey, group-based support and holistic support were the most preferred strategies (preferred by 31.8% and 22.2% of women, respectively). Use of an Aboriginal health service was positively associated with choosing holistic support programs (prevalence ratio, 1.14 [95% CI, ≥ 1.00-1.28]). Women with high or moderate nicotine dependency were more likely to consider group-based support to be helpful (prevalence ratio, 1.13 [95% CI, ≥ 1.00-1.27]) than those with low nicotine dependency. The most preferred providers for smoking cessation support were Aboriginal health workers (64.3%). Most women (73.4%) preferred face-to-face support at an Aboriginal health service, 38.8% preferred online support and 34.8% preferred phone support. A higher percentage of older women (≥ 35 years) preferred online or phone support (prevalence ratio, 1.70 [95% CI, 1.03-2.80]) compared with younger women (16-20 years). Use of an Aboriginal health service was positively associated with preference for an Aboriginal health worker (prevalence ratio, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.12-1.62]), and receiving face-to-face support at an Aboriginal health service (prevalence ratio, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.10-1.49]). Conclusion: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women prefer a range of cessation supports, with most women preferring group support and holistic approaches. Cessation supports that resonated with women varied by age, remoteness, nicotine dependence, and whether participants used an Aboriginal health service. Women want support to quit smoking from the Aboriginal health workers at their Aboriginal health service, at their health care providers and in their community. Comprehensive, multifaceted supports are required. Online support and phone-based support are also preferred by some women, which helps to increase accessibility. Appropriate models of care - including sufficient funding for Aboriginal health services and Aboriginal health workers - are required and should be developed in partnership with communities to implement meaningful and culturally safe cessation care. This research demonstrates the need for and importance of multifaceted, comprehensive cessation support strategies.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Services, Indigenous ; Nicotine ; Smoking Cessation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Use Disorder ; Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged
Chemical Substances	Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-30
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	186082-3
ISSN	1326-5377 ; 0025-729X
ISSN (online)	1326-5377
ISSN	0025-729X
DOI	10.5694/mja2.51631
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Article ; Online: Endolysin Regulation in Phage Mu Lysis.

Chamblee, Jake S / Ramsey, Jolene / Chen, Yi / Maddox, Lori T / Ross, Curtis / To, Kam H / Cahill, Jesse L / Young, Ry

mBio

2022 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e0081322

Abstract: Bacteriophage Mu is a paradigm coliphage studied mainly because of its use of transposition for genome replication. However, in extensive nonsense mutant screens, only one lysis gene has been identified, the endolysin gp22. This is surprising because in ... ...

Abstract	Bacteriophage Mu is a paradigm coliphage studied mainly because of its use of transposition for genome replication. However, in extensive nonsense mutant screens, only one lysis gene has been identified, the endolysin gp22. This is surprising because in Gram-negative hosts, lysis by
MeSH term(s)	Bacteriophage mu/metabolism ; Bacteriophages/physiology ; Endopeptidases/genetics ; Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; Viral Proteins/genetics ; Viral Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Membrane Proteins ; Viral Proteins ; Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.-) ; endolysin (EC 3.4.99.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2557172-2
ISSN	2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
ISSN (online)	2150-7511
ISSN	2161-2129
DOI	10.1128/mbio.00813-22
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Article ; Online: Electronic health records and outpatient cardiovascular disease care delivery: Insights from the American College of Cardiology's PINNACLE India Quality Improvement Program (PIQIP).

Kalra, Ankur / Bhatt, Deepak L / Wei, Jessica / Anderson, Karen L / Rykowski, Stefan / Kerkar, Prafulla G / Kumar, Ganesh / Maddox, Thomas M / Oetgen, William J / Virani, Salim S

Indian heart journal

2018 Volume 70, Issue 5, Page(s) 750–752

Abstract: Background: There has been a push toward implementation of electronic health records (EHRs) in federally-funded hospitals under the current policies initiated by the Indian government, with a lack of evidence supporting their adoption. We analyzed data ... ...

Abstract	Background: There has been a push toward implementation of electronic health records (EHRs) in federally-funded hospitals under the current policies initiated by the Indian government, with a lack of evidence supporting their adoption. We analyzed data from the American College of Cardiology's PINNACLE (Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence) India Quality Improvement Program (PIQIP) to evaluate the association between EHR use and quality of cardiovascular disease care in India. Methods and results: Between 2011-2016, we collected data on performance measures for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) among 17 participating practices in PIQIP. There were 19,035 patients with CAD, 9,373 patients with HF, and 1,127 patients with AF. Documentation of co-morbidity burden in patients with CAD was lower among practices with EHR-hypertension (49.8% vs. 52.1%, p=0.003), diabetes (34.9% vs. 38.3%, p<0.001), and hyperlipidemia (0.2 vs. 3.9%, p<0.001). On the contrary, documentation of medication prescription was higher in CAD patients seen at practices with EHR-aspirin (63.2% vs. 17.8%, p<0.001), clopidogrel (41.7% vs. 27.4%, p<0.001), beta-blockers (61.4% vs. 9.8%, p<0.001), and ACE-i or ARBs (53.9% vs. 16.4%, p<0.001). Similarly, documentation of receipt of beta-blockers (43.8% vs. 10.7%, p<0.001), ACE-i or ARBs (40.8% vs. 16.1%, p<0.001), and beta-blockers+ACE-i or ARBs (36.4% vs. 3.6%, p<0.001) was also significantly higher in patients with HF seen at practices with EHR. Among patients with AF, documentation of oral anticoagulation use was significantly higher among EHR practices-warfarin (42.5% vs. 26.1%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Documentation of receipt of guideline-directed medical therapy in CAD, HF, and AF was significantly higher in practices with EHRs in India compared with sites without EHRs. Our findings shed a spotlight on the value of EHRs in future health care policy-making in India with regard to widespread adoption of EHRs in primary and advanced specialty care settings across public and private sectors.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiology/standards ; Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy ; Delivery of Health Care/standards ; Electronic Health Records/organization & administration ; Female ; Guideline Adherence ; Humans ; India ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outpatients/statistics & numerical data ; Quality Improvement/organization & administration ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-07
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	604366-5
ISSN	2213-3763 ; 0019-4832
ISSN (online)	2213-3763
ISSN	0019-4832
DOI	10.1016/j.ihj.2018.03.002
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Zs.A 616: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The Pandemic as a Portal: Reimagining Psychological Science as Truly Open and Inclusive.

Ledgerwood, Alison / Hudson, Sa-Kiera Tiarra Jolynn / Lewis, Neil A / Maddox, Keith B / Pickett, Cynthia L / Remedios, Jessica D / Cheryan, Sapna / Diekman, Amanda B / Dutra, Natalia B / Goh, Jin X / Goodwin, Stephanie A / Munakata, Yuko / Navarro, Danielle J / Onyeador, Ivuoma N / Srivastava, Sanjay / Wilkins, Clara L

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

2022 Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 937–959

Abstract: Psychological science is at an inflection point: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated inequalities that stem from our historically closed and exclusive culture. Meanwhile, reform efforts to change the future of our science are too narrow in focus to ... ...

Abstract	Psychological science is at an inflection point: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated inequalities that stem from our historically closed and exclusive culture. Meanwhile, reform efforts to change the future of our science are too narrow in focus to fully succeed. In this article, we call on psychological scientists-focusing specifically on those who use quantitative methods in the United States as one context for such conversations-to begin reimagining our discipline as fundamentally open and inclusive. First, we discuss whom our discipline was designed to serve and how this history produced the inequitable reward and support systems we see today. Second, we highlight how current institutional responses to address worsening inequalities are inadequate, as well as how our disciplinary perspective may both help and hinder our ability to craft effective solutions. Third, we take a hard look in the mirror at the disconnect between what we ostensibly value as a field and what we actually practice. Fourth and finally, we lead readers through a roadmap for reimagining psychological science in whatever roles and spaces they occupy, from an informal discussion group in a department to a formal strategic planning retreat at a scientific society.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Communication ; Humans ; Pandemics ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2224911-4
ISSN	1745-6924 ; 1745-6916
ISSN (online)	1745-6924
ISSN	1745-6916
DOI	10.1177/17456916211036654
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Article ; Online: A frontal dopamine system for reflective exploratory behavior.

Blanco, Nathaniel J / Love, Bradley C / Cooper, Jessica A / McGeary, John E / Knopik, Valerie S / Maddox, W Todd

Neurobiology of learning and memory

2015 Volume 123, Page(s) 84–91

Abstract: The COMT gene modulates dopamine levels in prefrontal cortex with Met allele carriers having lower COMT enzyme activity and, therefore, higher dopamine levels compared to Val/Val homozygotes. Concordantly, Val/Val homozygotes tend to perform worse and ... ...

Abstract	The COMT gene modulates dopamine levels in prefrontal cortex with Met allele carriers having lower COMT enzyme activity and, therefore, higher dopamine levels compared to Val/Val homozygotes. Concordantly, Val/Val homozygotes tend to perform worse and display increased (interpreted as inefficient) frontal activation in certain cognitive tasks. In a sample of 209 participants, we test the hypothesis that Met carriers will be advantaged in a decision-making task that demands sequencing exploratory and exploitive choices to minimize uncertainty about the reward structure in the environment. Previous work suggests that optimal performance depends on limited cognitive resources supported by prefrontal systems. If so, Met carriers should outperform Val/Val homozygotes, particularly under dual-task conditions that tax limited cognitive resources. In accord with these a priori predictions, Met carriers were more resilient in the face of cognitive load, continuing to explore in a sophisticated manner. We fit computational models that embody sophisticated reflective and simple reflexive strategies to further evaluate participants' exploration behavior. The Ideal Actor model reflectively updates beliefs and plans ahead, taking into account the information gained by each choice and making choices that maximize long-term payoffs. In contrast, the Naïve Reinforcement Learning (RL) model instantiates the reflexive account of choice, in which the values of actions are based only on the rewards experienced so far. Its beliefs are updated reflexively in response to observed changes in rewards. Converging with standard analyses, Met carriers were best characterized by the Ideal Actor model, whereas Val/Val homozygotes were best characterized by the Naive RL model, particularly under dual-task conditions.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Catechol O-Methyltransferase/genetics ; Decision Making/physiology ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Executive Function ; Exploratory Behavior/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methionine ; Models, Theoretical ; Prefrontal Cortex/metabolism ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Reward ; Valine ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Methionine (AE28F7PNPL) ; COMT protein, human (EC 2.1.1.6) ; Catechol O-Methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.6) ; Valine (HG18B9YRS7) ; Dopamine (VTD58H1Z2X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1223366-3
ISSN	1095-9564 ; 1074-7427
ISSN (online)	1095-9564
ISSN	1074-7427
DOI	10.1016/j.nlm.2015.05.004
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Article ; Online: Risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer with azathioprine use.

Maddox, Jessica S / Soltani, Keyoumars

Inflammatory bowel diseases

2001 Volume 14, Issue 10, Page(s) 1425–1431

Abstract: While often life-saving for many complex diseases, iatrogenic immunosuppression has been associated with life-threatening infections and malignancies. Among these malignancies is skin cancer. Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United ... ...

Abstract	While often life-saving for many complex diseases, iatrogenic immunosuppression has been associated with life-threatening infections and malignancies. Among these malignancies is skin cancer. Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States; the nonmelanoma skin cancers have an annual incidence of greater than 1,000,000 people in the US. It is well documented that the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is increased in those who are immunosuppressed. While many articles have been published on skin cancer risk in organ transplant recipients, little has been written regarding the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in inflammatory bowel disease. A review of the literature of patients who are immunosuppressed for autoimmune disorders, and specifically, inflammatory bowel diseases, is discussed, as well as clinical presentations and treatment options.
MeSH term(s)	Azathioprine/adverse effects ; Azathioprine/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Incidence ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/immunology ; Risk Factors ; Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Skin Neoplasms/etiology ; Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Immunosuppressive Agents ; Azathioprine (MRK240IY2L)
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-04-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1340971-2
ISSN	1536-4844 ; 1078-0998
ISSN (online)	1536-4844
ISSN	1078-0998
DOI	10.1002/ibd.20444
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