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  1. Article ; Online: Improving valuation sampling of EQ-5D health states.

    Bagust, Adrian

    Health and quality of life outcomes

    2013  Volume 11, Page(s) 14

    Abstract: Background: The original valuation exercise which formed the basis of the UK EQ-5D time trade-off social tariff of health states, employed a sampling scheme involving 43 health states. Neither that study, nor other published international valuations ... ...

    Abstract Background: The original valuation exercise which formed the basis of the UK EQ-5D time trade-off social tariff of health states, employed a sampling scheme involving 43 health states. Neither that study, nor other published international valuations studies have used explicit quantifiable criteria to justify the choice of sampled states. New criteria are proposed and methods described to aid researchers in designing improved sampling schemes for future EQ-5D sampling exercises.
    Method: Four such criteria are described, and applied to assess the merits of four sampling schemes previously reported, using three large observational databases to quantify relative performance. An alternative sampling design conforming to these criteria is described, which aims to generate improved performance.
    Results: Previous published approaches are shown to perform poorly against the measured criteria. The alternative sampling design is demonstrated to provide superior performance on all measures.
    Conclusion: Future valuation exercises using sampled health states based on this approach may be expected to offer benefits in terms of greater precision, avoidance of bias in favour of less severe states, and a higher proportion of research observations valued directly rather than dependent on extrapolation modelling.
    MeSH term(s) Activities of Daily Living ; Health Status ; Humans ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sampling Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Surveys and Questionnaires/standards
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-01-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1477-7525
    ISSN (online) 1477-7525
    DOI 10.1186/1477-7525-11-14
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Exploring the Effects of Early Censoring and Analysis of Clinical Trial Survival Data on Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness Estimation through a Case Study in Advanced Breast Cancer.

    Bagust, Adrian / Beale, Sophie J

    Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making

    2018  Volume 38, Issue 7, Page(s) 789–796

    Abstract: Interim analyses of clinical trial data are frequently used to provide evidence to obtain marketing authorization for new drugs. However, results from such analyses may not reflect true estimates of relative effectiveness when trial follow-up is complete. ...

    Abstract Interim analyses of clinical trial data are frequently used to provide evidence to obtain marketing authorization for new drugs. However, results from such analyses may not reflect true estimates of relative effectiveness when trial follow-up is complete. Survival results, available at 2 time points from a breast cancer clinical trial, were compared to test the hypothesis that using immature data and a widely used right-censoring rule leads to biased survival estimates. Kaplan-Meier progression-free and overall survival data from 2 published CLEOPATRA trial reports (2012 and 2014) were digitized. Overlaying these results highlighted divergent trends. Parametric functions were fitted to both data sets but did not indicate consistent patterns that could be used as a basis for long-term extrapolation. Heavy censoring of patients in the early data cut coincides with sudden changes in hazard trends and survival patterns, supporting the hypothesis of censoring bias. This challenges the validity of estimates of clinical benefit (progression-free survival and overall survival) based on extrapolation of results from interim analyses of trial data, using a commonly employed censoring rule.
    MeSH term(s) Bias ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Clinical Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical data ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Survival Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604497-9
    ISSN 1552-681X ; 0272-989X
    ISSN (online) 1552-681X
    ISSN 0272-989X
    DOI 10.1177/0272989X18790966
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Survival analysis and extrapolation modeling of time-to-event clinical trial data for economic evaluation: an alternative approach.

    Bagust, Adrian / Beale, Sophie

    Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making

    2014  Volume 34, Issue 3, Page(s) 343–351

    Abstract: A recent publication includes a review of survival extrapolation methods used in technology appraisals of treatments for advanced cancers. The author of the article also noted shortcomings and inconsistencies in the analytical methods used in appraisals. ...

    Abstract A recent publication includes a review of survival extrapolation methods used in technology appraisals of treatments for advanced cancers. The author of the article also noted shortcomings and inconsistencies in the analytical methods used in appraisals. He then proposed a survival model selection process algorithm to guide modelers' choice of projective models for use in future appraisals. This article examines the proposed algorithm and highlights various shortcomings that involve questionable assumptions, including researchers' access to patient-level data, the relevance of proportional hazards modeling, and the appropriateness of standard probability functions for characterizing risk, which may mislead practitioners into employing biased structures for projecting limited data in decision models. An alternative paradigm is outlined. This paradigm is based on the primacy of the experimental data and adherence to the scientific method through hypothesis formulation and validation. Drawing on extensive experience of survival modeling and extrapolation in the United Kingdom, practical advice is presented on issues of importance when using data from clinical trials terminated without complete follow-up as a basis for survival extrapolation.
    MeSH term(s) Clinical Trials as Topic ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Models, Statistical ; Survival Analysis ; Uncertainty
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604497-9
    ISSN 1552-681X ; 0272-989X
    ISSN (online) 1552-681X
    ISSN 0272-989X
    DOI 10.1177/0272989X13497998
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Eribulin for Treating Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer After One Chemotherapy Regimen: An Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Single Technology Appraisal.

    Fleeman, Nigel / Bagust, Adrian / Duarte, Rui / Richardson, Marty / Nevitt, Sarah / Boland, Angela / Kotas, Eleanor / McEntee, Joanne / Thorp, Nicky

    PharmacoEconomics - open

    2019  Volume 3, Issue 3, Page(s) 293–302

    Abstract: Eribulin is a recommended treatment option for locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (LABC/MBC) in adults whose disease has progressed after at least two chemotherapy regimens. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) invited ... ...

    Abstract Eribulin is a recommended treatment option for locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (LABC/MBC) in adults whose disease has progressed after at least two chemotherapy regimens. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) invited the manufacturer of eribulin (Halaven
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2874287-4
    ISSN 2509-4254 ; 2509-4262
    ISSN (online) 2509-4254
    ISSN 2509-4262
    DOI 10.1007/s41669-018-0114-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: League tables.

    Bagust, A

    British journal of hospital medicine

    1996  Volume 55, Issue 6, Page(s) 369–370

    Abstract: Each year a new set of hospital league tables features briefly in the press, and on TV and radio stations. Local newspapers carry articles praising or berating their local hospitals to a bemused and mystified public. How seriously should we take this ... ...

    Abstract Each year a new set of hospital league tables features briefly in the press, and on TV and radio stations. Local newspapers carry articles praising or berating their local hospitals to a bemused and mystified public. How seriously should we take this annual ritual? Where do the figures come from and what do they mean?
    MeSH term(s) Health Services/standards ; Humans ; Public Health/standards ; United Kingdom
    Language English
    Publishing date 1996-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604230-2
    ISSN 1759-7390 ; 0007-1064 ; 1462-3935 ; 1750-8460
    ISSN (online) 1759-7390
    ISSN 0007-1064 ; 1462-3935 ; 1750-8460
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Paclitaxel as Albumin-Bound Nanoparticles with Gemcitabine for Untreated Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: An Evidence Review Group Perspective of a NICE Single Technology Appraisal.

    Stainthorpe, Angela / Greenhalgh, Janette / Bagust, Adrian / Richardson, Marty / Boland, Angela / Beale, Sophie / Duarte, Rui / Kotas, Eleanor / Banks, Lindsay / Palmer, Daniel

    PharmacoEconomics

    2018  Volume 36, Issue 10, Page(s) 1153–1163

    Abstract: As part of the single technology appraisal (STA) process, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) invited Celgene Ltd to submit clinical and cost-effectiveness evidence for paclitaxel as albumin-bound nanoparticles (Nab-Pac) in ... ...

    Abstract As part of the single technology appraisal (STA) process, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) invited Celgene Ltd to submit clinical and cost-effectiveness evidence for paclitaxel as albumin-bound nanoparticles (Nab-Pac) in combination with gemcitabine (Nab-Pac + Gem) for patients with untreated metastatic pancreatic cancer. The STA was a review of NICE's 2015 guidance (TA360) in which Nab-Pac + Gem was not recommended for patients with untreated metastatic pancreatic cancer. The review was prompted by a proposed Patient Access Scheme (PAS) discount on the price of Nab-Pac and new evidence that might lead to a change in the guidance. The Liverpool Reviews and Implementation Group at the University of Liverpool was the Evidence Review Group (ERG). This article summarises the ERG's review of the company's evidence submission for Nab-Pac + Gem, and the Appraisal Committee (AC) decision. The final scope issued by NICE listed three comparators: gemcitabine monotherapy (Gem), gemcitabine in combination with capecitabine (Gem + Cap), and a combination of oxaliplatin, irinotecan, leucovorin and fluorouracil (FOLFIRINOX). Clinical evidence for the comparison of Nab-Pac + Gem versus Gem was from the phase III CA046 randomized controlled trial. Analysis of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) showed statistically significant improvement for patients treated with Nab-Pac + Gem versus Gem. Clinical evidence for the comparison of Nab-Pac + Gem versus FOLFIRINOX and versus Gem + Cap was derived from a network meta-analysis (NMA). Results of the NMA did not indicate a statistically significant difference in OS or PFS for the comparison of Nab-Pac + Gem versus either Gem + Cap or FOLFIRINOX. The ERG's main concerns with the clinical effectiveness evidence were difficulties in identifying the patient population for whom treatment with Nab-Pac + Gem is most appropriate, and violation of the proportional hazards (PH) assumption in the CA046 trial. The ERG highlighted methodological issues in the cost-effectiveness analysis pertaining to the modelling of survival outcomes, estimation of drug costs and double counting of adverse-event disutilities. The AC accepted all the ERG's amendments to the company's cost-effectiveness model; however, these did not make important differences to the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). The company's base-case ICER was £46,932 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained for the comparison of Nab-Pac + Gem versus Gem. Treatment with Nab-Pac + Gem was dominated both by treatment with Gem + Cap and with FOLFIRINOX in the company's base case. The AC concluded that the most plausible ICER for treatment with Nab-Pac + Gem versus Gem was in the range of £41,000-£46,000 per QALY gained. The AC concluded that Nab-Pac + Gem was not cost effective compared with Gem + Cap or FOLFIRINOX, and accepted that treatment with Nab-Pac + Gem met the end-of-life criteria versus Gem but did not consider Nab-Pac + Gem to meet the end-of-life criteria compared with Gem + Cap or FOLFIRINOX. The AC also concluded that although patients who would receive Nab-Pac + Gem rather than FOLFIRINOX or Gem + Cap were difficult to distinguish, they were identifiable in clinical practice. The AC recommended treatment with Nab-Pac + Gem for patients with untreated metastatic pancreatic cancer for whom other combination chemotherapies were unsuitable and who would otherwise receive Gem.
    MeSH term(s) Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/economics ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/economics ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/economics ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Capecitabine/economics ; Capecitabine/therapeutic use ; Cost-Benefit Analysis/statistics & numerical data ; Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives ; Deoxycytidine/economics ; Deoxycytidine/therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Fluorouracil/economics ; Fluorouracil/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Irinotecan/economics ; Irinotecan/therapeutic use ; Leucovorin/economics ; Leucovorin/therapeutic use ; Models, Economic ; Nanoparticles/economics ; Nanoparticles/therapeutic use ; Oxaliplatin/economics ; Oxaliplatin/therapeutic use ; Paclitaxel/economics ; Paclitaxel/therapeutic use ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/economics ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/secondary ; Technology Assessment, Biomedical/statistics & numerical data
    Chemical Substances Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; folfirinox ; Oxaliplatin (04ZR38536J) ; Deoxycytidine (0W860991D6) ; Capecitabine (6804DJ8Z9U) ; Irinotecan (7673326042) ; gemcitabine (B76N6SBZ8R) ; Paclitaxel (P88XT4IS4D) ; Leucovorin (Q573I9DVLP) ; Fluorouracil (U3P01618RT)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-29
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1100273-6
    ISSN 1179-2027 ; 1170-7690
    ISSN (online) 1179-2027
    ISSN 1170-7690
    DOI 10.1007/s40273-018-0646-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Inspiratory conductance: an alternative index of the relationship between inspiratory effort and airflow with potential for clinical use.

    Allen, Stephen / Brown, Ian / Khattab, Ahmed / Bagust, Jeff

    The clinical respiratory journal

    2012  Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 26–34

    Abstract: Introduction and objectives: There is a need for a measure of airway status that is easier for patients to use. If airflow is briefly occluded at the onset of inspiration, the maximum rate of pressure fall, dP/dtmax can be measured. After the occlusion ... ...

    Abstract Introduction and objectives: There is a need for a measure of airway status that is easier for patients to use. If airflow is briefly occluded at the onset of inspiration, the maximum rate of pressure fall, dP/dtmax can be measured. After the occlusion is released, the maximum rate of change of inspiratory airflow (dF/dtmax) can be measured and expressed as a ratio of dP/dtmax to generate an index of inspiratory conductance (IC). We explored the characteristics of IC as a preliminary step towards developing it as an easy-to-use alternative.
    Methods: To measure IC, we constructed an apparatus consisting of a pneumotachograph, a low-resistance spring-loaded valve and a pressure transducer to measure airflow and pressure drop at the start of inspiration. We studied 30 healthy adults to define the values of the index, its stability and its response to external inspiratory resistive loads.
    Results: Mean IC was 2.49 (SD 0.96) Ls(-1) kPa(-1) , with no significant difference between men and women. The index was stable with a mean long-term variation of 11.25% around the normalised mean, compared with 2.1% for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and within-test variation < 5%. In response to external resistive loading, IC fell in a non-linear but consistent manner from 3.96 (0.32) to 0.96 (0.10) Ls(-1) kPa(-1) across an added resistance range of 0-70 kPasL(-1) .
    Conclusion: We showed that IC was measurable with a minimal need for subject participation. It was stable and reproducible in normal individuals and responded to added inspiratory resistive loads in a way that suggested it could be of clinical utility.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Airway Resistance/physiology ; Analysis of Variance ; Female ; Humans ; Inhalation/physiology ; Male ; Respiratory Function Tests
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2442214-9
    ISSN 1752-699X ; 1752-6981
    ISSN (online) 1752-699X
    ISSN 1752-6981
    DOI 10.1111/j.1752-699X.2011.00241.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Lenvatinib and sorafenib for differentiated thyroid cancer after radioactive iodine: a systematic review and economic evaluation.

    Fleeman, Nigel / Houten, Rachel / Bagust, Adrian / Richardson, Marty / Beale, Sophie / Boland, Angela / Dundar, Yenal / Greenhalgh, Janette / Hounsome, Juliet / Duarte, Rui / Shenoy, Aditya

    Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)

    2020  Volume 24, Issue 2, Page(s) 1–180

    Abstract: Background: Thyroid cancer is a rare cancer, accounting for only 1% of all malignancies in England and Wales. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) accounts for ≈94% of all thyroid cancers. Patients with DTC often require treatment with radioactive iodine. ...

    Abstract Background: Thyroid cancer is a rare cancer, accounting for only 1% of all malignancies in England and Wales. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) accounts for ≈94% of all thyroid cancers. Patients with DTC often require treatment with radioactive iodine. Treatment for DTC that is refractory to radioactive iodine [radioactive iodine-refractory DTC (RR-DTC)] is often limited to best supportive care (BSC).
    Objectives: We aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of lenvatinib (Lenvima
    Data sources: EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, The Cochrane Library and EconLit were searched (date range 1999 to 10 January 2017; searched on 10 January 2017). The bibliographies of retrieved citations were also examined.
    Review methods: We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, prospective observational studies and economic evaluations of lenvatinib or sorafenib. In the absence of relevant economic evaluations, we constructed a de novo economic model to compare the cost-effectiveness of lenvatinib and sorafenib with that of BSC.
    Results: Two RCTs were identified: SELECT (Study of [E7080] LEnvatinib in 131I-refractory differentiated Cancer of the Thyroid) and DECISION (StuDy of sorafEnib in loCally advanced or metastatIc patientS with radioactive Iodine-refractory thyrOid caNcer). Lenvatinib and sorafenib were both reported to improve median progression-free survival (PFS) compared with placebo: 18.3 months (lenvatinib) vs. 3.6 months (placebo) and 10.8 months (sorafenib) vs. 5.8 months (placebo). Patient crossover was high (≥ 75%) in both trials, confounding estimates of overall survival (OS). Using OS data adjusted for crossover, trial authors reported a statistically significant improvement in OS for patients treated with lenvatinib compared with those given placebo (SELECT) but not for patients treated with sorafenib compared with those given placebo (DECISION). Both lenvatinib and sorafenib increased the incidence of adverse events (AEs), and dose reductions were required (for > 60% of patients). The results from nine prospective observational studies and 13 systematic reviews of lenvatinib or sorafenib were broadly comparable to those from the RCTs. Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) data were collected only in DECISION. We considered the feasibility of comparing lenvatinib with sorafenib via an indirect comparison but concluded that this would not be appropriate because of differences in trial and participant characteristics, risk profiles of the participants in the placebo arms and because the proportional hazard assumption was violated for five of the six survival outcomes available from the trials. In the base-case economic analysis, using list prices only, the cost-effectiveness comparison of lenvatinib versus BSC yields an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained of £65,872, and the comparison of sorafenib versus BSC yields an ICER of £85,644 per QALY gained. The deterministic sensitivity analyses show that none of the variations lowered the base-case ICERs to < £50,000 per QALY gained.
    Limitations: We consider that it is not possible to compare the clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of lenvatinib and sorafenib.
    Conclusions: Compared with placebo/BSC, treatment with lenvatinib or sorafenib results in an improvement in PFS, objective tumour response rate and possibly OS, but dose modifications were required to treat AEs. Both treatments exhibit estimated ICERs of > £50,000 per QALY gained. Further research should include examination of the effects of lenvatinib, sorafenib and BSC (including HRQoL) for both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, and the positioning of treatments in the treatment pathway.
    Study registration: This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42017055516.
    Funding: The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use ; Phenylurea Compounds/therapeutic use ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Quinolines/therapeutic use ; Sorafenib/therapeutic use ; Technology Assessment, Biomedical ; Thyroid Neoplasms/drug therapy ; United Kingdom
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Iodine-131 ; Phenylurea Compounds ; Quinolines ; Sorafenib (9ZOQ3TZI87) ; lenvatinib (EE083865G2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2006765-3
    ISSN 2046-4924 ; 1366-5278
    ISSN (online) 2046-4924
    ISSN 1366-5278
    DOI 10.3310/hta24020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of first-line chemotherapy for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

    Pilkington, Gerlinde / Boland, Angela / Brown, Tamara / Oyee, James / Bagust, Adrian / Dickson, Rumona

    Thorax

    2015  Volume 70, Issue 4, Page(s) 359–367

    Abstract: Our aim was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of chemotherapy treatments currently licensed in Europe and recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) for the first-line treatment of adult patients with locally ... ...

    Abstract Our aim was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of chemotherapy treatments currently licensed in Europe and recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) for the first-line treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2001 to 2010 was carried out. Relative treatment effects for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using standard meta-analysis and mixed treatment comparison methodology. A total of 23 RCTs were included: 18 trials compared platinum-based chemotherapy, two compared pemetrexed and three compared gefitinib. There are no statistically significant differences in OS between any of the four third-generation chemotherapy regimens. There is statistically significant evidence that pemetrexed+platinum increases OS compared with gemcitabine+platinum. There are no statistically significant differences in OS between gefitinib and docetaxel+platinum or between gefitinib and paclitaxel+platinum. There is a statistically significant improvement in PFS with gefitinib compared with docetaxel+platinum and gefitinib compared with paclitaxel+platinum. Due to reduced generic pricing, third-generation chemotherapy regimens (except vinorelbine) are still competitive options for most patients. This research provides a comprehensive evidence base, which clinicians and decision-makers can use when deciding on the optimal first-line chemotherapy treatment regimen for patients diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC.
    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/economics ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/economics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/secondary ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Drug Costs/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/economics ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 204353-1
    ISSN 1468-3296 ; 0040-6376
    ISSN (online) 1468-3296
    ISSN 0040-6376
    DOI 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-205914
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Young people's experiences of COVID-19 messaging at the start of the UK lockdown: lessons for positive engagement and information sharing.

    Strömmer, Sofia T / Sivaramakrishnan, Divya / Shaw, Sarah C / Morrison, Kathleen / Barrett, Millie / Manner, Jillian / Jenner, Sarah / Hughes, Tom / Hardy-Johnson, Polly / Andreas, Marike / Lovelock, Donna / Paramananthan, Sorna / Bagust, Lisa / Buelo, Audrey / Woods-Townsend, Kathryn / Burgess, Rochelle Ann / Kanu, Nancy / Gul, Malik / Matthews, Tanya /
    Smith-Gul, Amina / Barker, Mary / Jepson, Ruth

    BMC public health

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 352

    Abstract: Background: To reduce COVID-19 infection rates during the initial stages of the pandemic, the UK Government mandated a strict period of restriction on freedom of movement or 'lockdown'. For young people, closure of schools and higher education ... ...

    Abstract Background: To reduce COVID-19 infection rates during the initial stages of the pandemic, the UK Government mandated a strict period of restriction on freedom of movement or 'lockdown'. For young people, closure of schools and higher education institutions and social distancing rules may have been particularly challenging, coming at a critical time in their lives for social and emotional development. This study explored young people's experiences of the UK Government's initial response to the pandemic and related government messaging.
    Methods: This qualitative study combines data from research groups at the University of Southampton, University of Edinburgh and University College London. Thirty-six online focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 150 young people (Southampton: n = 69; FGD = 7; Edinburgh: n = 41; FGD = 5; UCL: n = 40; FGD = 24). Thematic analysis was conducted to explore how young people viewed the government's response and messaging and to develop recommendations for how to best involve young people in addressing similar crises in the future.
    Results: The abrupt onset of lockdown left young people shocked, confused and feeling ignored by government and media messaging. Despite this, they were motivated to adhere to government advice by the hope that life might soon return to normal. They felt a responsibility to help with the pandemic response, and wanted to be productive with their time, but saw few opportunities to volunteer.
    Conclusions: Young people want to be listened to and feel they have a part to play in responding to a national crisis such as the COVID-19 epidemic. To reduce the likelihood of disenfranchising the next generation, Government and the media should focus on developing messaging that reflects young people's values and concerns and to provide opportunities for young people to become involved in responses to future crises.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United Kingdom
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2041338-5
    ISSN 1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
    ISSN (online) 1471-2458
    ISSN 1471-2458
    DOI 10.1186/s12889-022-12755-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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