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Article ; Online: Global and regional heterogeneity of lung aeration in neonates with different respiratory disorders: a physiological, observational study.

Loi, Barbara / Sartorius, Victor / Vivalda, Laura / Fardi, Avand / Regiroli, Giulia / Dellacà, Raffaele / Ahsani-Nasab, Sara / Vedovelli, Luca / De Luca, Daniele

Anesthesiology

2024

Abstract: Background.: Aeration heterogeneity affects lung stress and influences outcomes in adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We hypothesize that aeration heterogeneity may differ between neonatal respiratory disorders and is associated ... ...

Abstract	Background.: Aeration heterogeneity affects lung stress and influences outcomes in adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We hypothesize that aeration heterogeneity may differ between neonatal respiratory disorders and is associated with oxygenation, so its evaluation may be relevant in managing respiratory support. Methods.: Observational, prospective study. Neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), transient tachypnea (TTN), evolving bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and neonatal ARDS (NARDS) were enrolled. Quantitative lung ultrasound and transcutaneous blood gas measurements were simultaneously performed. Global aeration heterogeneity (with its intra- and inter-patient components) and regional aeration heterogeneity were primary outcomes; oxygenation metrics were the secondary outcomes. Results.: 230 (50 RDS, TTN or evolving BPD and 80 NARDS) patients were studied. Intra-patient aeration heterogeneity was higher in TTN (mean: 61% [standard deviation: 33%]) and evolving BPD (mean: 57% [standard deviation: 20%], p<0.001), with distinctive aeration distributions. Inter-patient aeration heterogeneity was high for all disorders (Gini-Simpson index: between 0.6 and 0.72) except RDS (Gini-Simpson index: 0.5) whose heterogeneity was significantly lower than all others (p<0.001). NARDS and evolving BPD had the most diffuse injury and worst gas exchange metrics. Regional aeration heterogeneity was mostly localized in upper anterior and posterior zones. Aeration heterogeneity and total lung aeration had an exponential relationship (p<0.001; adj-R 2=0.62). Aeration heterogeneity is associated with greater total lung aeration (i.e., higher heterogeneity means a relatively higher proportion of normally aerated lung zones, thus greater aeration; p<0.001; adj-R 2=0.83) and better oxygenation metrics upon multivariable analyses. Conclusions.: Global aeration heterogeneity and regional aeration heterogeneity differ amongst neonatal respiratory disorders. TTN and evolving BPD have the highest intra-patient aeration heterogeneity. TTN, evolving BPD and NARDS have the highest inter-patient aeration heterogeneity, but the latter two have the most diffuse injury and worst gas exchange. Higher aeration heterogeneity is associated with better total lung aeration and oxygenation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	269-0
ISSN	1528-1175 ; 0003-3022
ISSN (online)	1528-1175
ISSN	0003-3022
DOI	10.1097/ALN.0000000000005026
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Article: Children with Cerebral Palsy can imagine actions like their normally developed peers.

Galli, Jessica / Garofalo, Gioacchino / Brunetti, Sara / Loi, Erika / Portesi, Michela / Pelizzari, Giovanni / Rossi, Andrea / Fazzi, Elisa / Buccino, Giovanni

Frontiers in neurology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 951152

Abstract: The present study aimed at assessing whether children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) can imagine object directed actions similarly to their normally developed peers. We asked children with CP ( ...

Abstract	The present study aimed at assessing whether children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) can imagine object directed actions similarly to their normally developed peers. We asked children with CP (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2022.951152
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Article ; Online: Limited impact of discretization/interpolation parameters on the predictive power of CT radiomic features in a surgical cohort of pancreatic cancer patients.

Loi, Sara / Mori, Martina / Palumbo, Diego / Crippa, Stefano / Palazzo, Gabriele / Spezi, Emiliano / Del Vecchio, Antonella / Falconi, Massimo / De Cobelli, Francesco / Fiorino, Claudio

La Radiologia medica

2023 Volume 128, Issue 7, Page(s) 799–807

Abstract: Purpose: To explore the variation of the discriminative power of CT (Computed Tomography) radiomic features (RF) against image discretization/interpolation in predicting early distant relapses (EDR) after upfront surgery.: Materials and methods: Data ...

Abstract	Purpose: To explore the variation of the discriminative power of CT (Computed Tomography) radiomic features (RF) against image discretization/interpolation in predicting early distant relapses (EDR) after upfront surgery. Materials and methods: Data of 144 patients with pre-surgical high contrast CT were processed consistently with IBSI (Image Biomarker Standardization Initiative) guidelines. Image interpolation/discretization parameters were intentionally changed, including cubic voxel size (0.21-27 mm Results: Despite RF variability against discretization/interpolation parameters was large and only 30/80 RF showed %COV < 20 (%COV = 100STDEV/MEAN), AUC changes were relatively limited: for 30 RF significantly associated with EDR (AUC values around 0.60-0.70), the mean values of SD of AUC variability and AUC range were 0.02 and 0.05 respectively. AUC ranges were between 0.00 and 0.11, with values ≤ 0.05 in 16/30 RF. These variations were further reduced when excluding the extreme values of 32 and 128 for grey levels (Average AUC range 0.04, with values between 0.00 and 0.08). Conclusions:* The discriminative power of CT RF in the prediction of EDR after upfront surgery for pancreatic cancer is relatively invariant against image interpolation/discretization within a large range of voxel sizes and binning.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Pancreatic Neoplasms
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-08
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	205751-7
ISSN	1826-6983 ; 0033-8362
ISSN (online)	1826-6983
ISSN	0033-8362
DOI	10.1007/s11547-023-01649-y
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Article ; Online: Origin, Genetic Variation and Molecular Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 Strains Circulating in Sardinia (Italy) during the First and Second COVID-19 Epidemic Waves.

Rocchigiani, Angela Maria / Ferretti, Luca / Ledda, Alice / Di Nardo, Antonello / Floris, Matteo / Bonelli, Piero / Loi, Federica / Idda, Maria Laura / Angioi, Pier Paolo / Zinellu, Susanna / Fiori, Mariangela Stefania / Bechere, Roberto / Capitta, Paola / Coccollone, Annamaria / Coradduzza, Elisabetta / Dettori, Maria Antonietta / Fattaccio, Maria Caterina / Gallisai, Elena / Maestrale, Caterina /

Manunta, Daniela / Pedditzi, Aureliana / Piredda, Ivana / Palmas, Bruna / Salza, Sara / Sechi, Anna Maria / Tanda, Barbara / Madrau, Maria Paola / Sanna, Maria Luisa / Cherchi, Simonetta / Ponti, Nicoletta / Masala, Giovanna / Sirica, Roberto / Evangelista, Eloisa / Oggiano, Annalisa / Puggioni, Giantonella / Ligios, Ciriaco / Dei Giudici, Silvia

Viruses

2023 Volume 15, Issue 2

Abstract: ... among SARS-CoV-2 strains circulating in northern Sardinia during the first and second Italian waves using ...

Abstract	Understanding how geography and human mobility shape the patterns and spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 is key to control future epidemics. An interesting example is provided by the second wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Europe, which was facilitated by the intense movement of tourists around the Mediterranean coast in summer 2020. The Italian island of Sardinia is a major tourist destination and is widely believed to be the origin of the second Italian wave. In this study, we characterize the genetic variation among SARS-CoV-2 strains circulating in northern Sardinia during the first and second Italian waves using both Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies Next Generation Sequencing methods. Most viruses were placed into a single clade, implying that despite substantial virus inflow, most outbreaks did not spread widely. The second epidemic wave on the island was actually driven by local transmission of a single B.1.177 subclade. Phylogeographic analyses further suggest that those viral strains circulating on the island were not a relevant source for the second epidemic wave in Italy. This result, however, does not rule out the possibility of intense mixing and transmission of the virus among tourists as a major contributor to the second Italian wave.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Italy/epidemiology ; Phylogeography ; Genetic Variation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v15020277
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Article: Decoy peptides effectively inhibit the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 on oral epithelial cells.

Loi, Lai-Keng / Yang, Cheng-Chieh / Lin, Yu-Cheng / Su, Yee-Fun / Juan, Yi-Chen / Chen, Yi-Hsin / Chang, Hsiu-Chuan

Heliyon

2023 Volume 9, Issue 12, Page(s) e22614

Abstract: The entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells involves the interaction between the viral spike protein ... peptides as a new therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infections, opening avenues for further ...

Abstract	The entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells involves the interaction between the viral spike protein and the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Given that the spike protein evolves rapidly to evade host immunity, therapeutics that block ACE2 accessibility, such as spike decoys, could serve as an alternative strategy for attenuating viral infection. Here, we constructed a drug screening platform based on oral epithelial cells to rapidly identify peptides or compounds capable of blocking the spike-ACE2 interaction. We engineered short decoy peptides, 8 to 14 amino acids in length, using the spike protein's receptor-binding motif (RBM) and demonstrated that these peptides can effectively inhibit virus attachment to host cells. Additionally, we discovered that diminazene aceturate (DIZE), an ACE2 activator, similarly inhibited virus binding. Our research thus validates the potential of decoy peptides as a new therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infections, opening avenues for further development and study.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22614
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Article ; Online: Reply to "Dermatoses caused by face mask wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic".

Bardazzi, F / Sacchelli, L / Loi, C / Filippi, F / Guglielmo, A

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV

2022 Volume 36, Issue 6, Page(s) e425–e427

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; Masks/adverse effects ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Skin Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1128828-0
ISSN	1468-3083 ; 0926-9959
ISSN (online)	1468-3083
ISSN	0926-9959
DOI	10.1111/jdv.18012
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Article ; Online: Quantification and prospective evaluation of serum NfL and GFAP as blood-derived biomarkers of outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

2023 Volume 43, Issue 9, Page(s) 1601–1611

Abstract: Identification of reliable and accessible biomarkers to characterize ischemic stroke patients' prognosis remains a clinical challenge. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are markers of brain injury, detectable in ... ...

Abstract	Identification of reliable and accessible biomarkers to characterize ischemic stroke patients' prognosis remains a clinical challenge. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are markers of brain injury, detectable in blood by high-sensitive technologies. Our aim was to measure serum NfL and GFAP after stroke, and to evaluate their correlation with functional outcome and the scores in rehabilitation scales at 3-month follow-up. Stroke patients were prospectively enrolled in a longitudinal observational study within 24 hours from symptom onset (D1) and monitored after 7 (D7), 30 ± 3 (M1) and 90 ± 5 (M3) days. At each time-point serum NfL and GFAP levels were measured by Single Molecule Array and correlated with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin scale (mRS), Trunk Control Test (TCT), Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores. Serum NfL and GFAP showed different temporal profiles: NfL increased after stroke with a peak value at D7; GFAP showed an earlier peak at D1. NfL and GFAP concentrations correlated with clinical/rehabilitation outcomes both longitudinally and prospectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that NfL-D7 and GFAP-D1 were independent predictors of 3-month NIHSS, TCT, FAC and FIM scores, with NfL being the biomarker with the best predictive performance.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ischemic Stroke ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Intermediate Filaments ; Biomarkers ; Stroke
Chemical Substances	Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604628-9
ISSN	1559-7016 ; 0271-678X
ISSN (online)	1559-7016
ISSN	0271-678X
DOI	10.1177/0271678X231172520
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Article ; Online: Modulation of tumor-associated macrophage activity with radiation therapy: a systematic review.

Becherini, Carlotta / Lancia, Andrea / Detti, Beatrice / Lucidi, Sara / Scartoni, Daniele / Ingrosso, Gianluca / Carnevale, Maria Grazia / Roghi, Manuele / Bertini, Niccolò / Orsatti, Carolina / Mangoni, Monica / Francolini, Giulio / Marani, Simona / Giacomelli, Irene / Loi, Mauro / Pergolizzi, Stefano / Bonzano, Elisabetta / Aristei, Cynthia / Livi, Lorenzo

Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al

2023 Volume 199, Issue 12, Page(s) 1173–1190

Abstract: Objective: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most represented cells of the immune system in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Besides its effects on cancer cells, radiation therapy (RT) can alter TME composition. With this systematic review, ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most represented cells of the immune system in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Besides its effects on cancer cells, radiation therapy (RT) can alter TME composition. With this systematic review, we provide a better understanding on how RT can regulate macrophage characterization, namely the M1 antitumor and the M2 protumor polarization, with the aim of describing new effective RT models and exploration of the possibility of integrating radiation with other available therapies. Methods: A systematic search in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Articles from January 2000 to April 2020 which focus on the role of M1 and M2 macrophages in the response to RT were identified. Results: Of the 304 selected articles, 29 qualitative summary papers were included in our analysis (16 focusing on administration of RT and concomitant systemic molecules, and 13 reporting on RT alone). Based on dose intensity, irradiation was classified into low (low-dose irradiation, LDI; corresponding to less than 1 Gy), moderate (moderate-dose irradiation, MDI; between 1 and 10 Gy), and high (high-dose irradiation, HDI; greater than 10 Gy). While HDI seems to be responsible for induced angiogenesis and accelerated tumor growth through early M2-polarized TAM infiltration, MDI stimulates phagocytosis and local LDI may represent a valid treatment option for possible combination with cancer immunotherapeutic agents. Conclusion: TAMs seem to have an ambivalent role on the efficacy of cancer treatment. Radiation therapy, which exerts its main antitumor activity via cell killing, can in turn interfere with TAM characterization through different modalities. The plasticity of TAMs makes them an attractive target for anticancer therapies and more research should be conducted to explore this potential therapeutic strategy.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Tumor-Associated Macrophages ; Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Macrophages/pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	84983-2
ISSN	1439-099X ; 0179-7158 ; 0039-2073
ISSN (online)	1439-099X
ISSN	0179-7158 ; 0039-2073
DOI	10.1007/s00066-023-02097-3
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Article ; Online: Illicit drug use in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Loi, Natasha M / Thorsteinsson, Einar B / Rice, Kylie / Rock, Adam J

Journal of global health

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) 3026

MeSH term(s)	Australia/epidemiology ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Illicit Drugs ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Illicit Drugs
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-30
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2741629-X
ISSN	2047-2986 ; 2047-2986
ISSN (online)	2047-2986
ISSN	2047-2986
DOI	10.7189/jogh.12.03026
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Article ; Online: Chronic Pallidal Local Field Potentials Are Associated With Dystonic Symptoms in Children.

Ebden, Mark / Elkaim, Lior M / Breitbart, Sara / Yan, Han / Warsi, Nebras / Huynh, MyLoi / Mithani, Karim / Venetucci Gouveia, Flavia / Fasano, Alfonso / Ibrahim, George M / Gorodetsky, Carolina

Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society

2023 Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 551–556

Abstract: Background: Novel deep brain stimulation devices can record local field potentials (LFPs), which represent the synchronous synaptic activity of neuronal populations. The clinical relevance of LFPs in patients with dystonia remains unclear.: Objectives! ...

Abstract	Background: Novel deep brain stimulation devices can record local field potentials (LFPs), which represent the synchronous synaptic activity of neuronal populations. The clinical relevance of LFPs in patients with dystonia remains unclear. Objectives: We sought to determine whether chronic LFPs recorded from the globus pallidus internus (GPi) were associated with symptoms of dystonia in children. Materials and methods: Ten patients with heterogeneous forms of dystonia (genetic and acquired) were implanted with neurostimulators that recorded LFP spectral snapshots. Spectra were compared across parent-reported asymptomatic and symptomatic periods, with daily narrowband data superimposed in 24 one-hour bins. Results: Spectral power increased during periods of registered dystonic symptoms: mean increase = 102%, CI: (76.7, 132). Circadian rhythms within the LFP narrowband time series correlated with dystonic symptoms: for delta/theta-waves, correlation = 0.33, CI: (0.18, 0.47) and for alpha waves, correlation = 0.27, CI: (0.14, 0.40). Conclusions: LFP spectra recorded in the GPi indicate a circadian pattern and are associated with the manifestation of dystonic symptoms.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Globus Pallidus ; Dystonia/diagnosis ; Dystonia/therapy ; Deep Brain Stimulation ; Dystonic Disorders/diagnosis ; Dystonic Disorders/therapy ; Electrodes, Implanted
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1500372-3
ISSN	1525-1403 ; 1094-7159
ISSN (online)	1525-1403
ISSN	1094-7159
DOI	10.1016/j.neurom.2023.08.003
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