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Article: Akt Inhibition Promotes Autophagy and Clearance of Group B

Pantazi, Ioanna / Papafragkos, Iosif / Kolliniati, Ourania / Lapi, Ioanna / Tsatsanis, Christos / Vergadi, Eleni

2022 Volume 11, Issue 10

Abstract: ... Group ... ...

Abstract	Group B
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens11101134
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Article: Promises and Pitfalls of Next-Generation Treg Adoptive Immunotherapy.

Christofi, Panayiota / Pantazi, Chrysoula / Psatha, Nikoleta / Sakellari, Ioanna / Yannaki, Evangelia / Papadopoulou, Anastasia

Cancers

2023 Volume 15, Issue 24

Abstract: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are fundamental to maintaining immune homeostasis by inhibiting immune responses to self-antigens and preventing the excessive activation of the immune system. Their functions extend beyond immune surveillance and ... ...

Abstract	Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are fundamental to maintaining immune homeostasis by inhibiting immune responses to self-antigens and preventing the excessive activation of the immune system. Their functions extend beyond immune surveillance and subpopulations of tissue-resident Treg cells can also facilitate tissue repair and homeostasis. The unique ability to regulate aberrant immune responses has generated the concept of harnessing Tregs as a new cellular immunotherapy approach for reshaping undesired immune reactions in autoimmune diseases and allo-responses in transplantation to ultimately re-establish tolerance. However, a number of issues limit the broad clinical applicability of Treg adoptive immunotherapy, including the lack of antigen specificity, heterogeneity within the Treg population, poor persistence, functional Treg impairment in disease states, and in vivo plasticity that results in the loss of suppressive function. Although the early-phase clinical trials of Treg cell therapy have shown the feasibility and tolerability of the approach in several conditions, its efficacy has remained questionable. Leveraging the smart tools and platforms that have been successfully developed for primary T cell engineering in cancer, the field has now shifted towards "next-generation" adoptive Treg immunotherapy, where genetically modified Treg products with improved characteristics are being generated, as regards antigen specificity, function, persistence, and immunogenicity. Here, we review the state of the art on Treg adoptive immunotherapy and progress beyond it, while critically evaluating the hurdles and opportunities towards the materialization of Tregs as a living drug therapy for various inflammation states and the broad clinical translation of Treg therapeutics.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers15245877
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Article ; Online: Systemic Thrombolysis for Treatment of Acute Life-threatening Pulmonary Embolism During Cesarean Section Followed by Post-partum Rescue Hysterectomy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Karakosta, Agathi / Evangelou, Theocharis / Flindris, Stefanos / Samara, Ioanna / Styliara, Effrosyni / Dalkalitsis, Alexandros / Pantazi, Danai / Bolosi, Maria / Argyri, Urania / Michalis, Lampros K / Argyropoulou, Maria I / Naurozoglou, Iordanis / Paschopoulos, Minas / Tzimas, Petros

In vivo (Athens, Greece)

2023 Volume 37, Issue 1, Page(s) 498–502

Abstract: Background/aim: Acute pulmonary embolism during cesarean section is extremely rare and only a limited number of cases have been reported in literature. The aim of this study was to report a case of acute high risk pulmonary embolism during elective ... ...

Abstract	Background/aim: Acute pulmonary embolism during cesarean section is extremely rare and only a limited number of cases have been reported in literature. The aim of this study was to report a case of acute high risk pulmonary embolism during elective cesarean section treated with systemic thrombolysis and discuss the multidisciplinary management in both early recognition and prompt treatment. Case report: A 39-year-old, G5P2, ASA II parturient presented for repeat cesarean section under general anesthesia. A sudden drop in end-tidal CO Conclusion: Though pregnancy is one of the major risk factors of the development of venous thromboembolism, acute intraoperative pulmonary embolism is extremely rare. Specific guidelines for the management of such cases are difficult to issue due to the paucity of relevant data. Thus, an individualized approach by a multidisciplinary team for diagnosis and intervention is mandated.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Cesarean Section/adverse effects ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; Pulmonary Embolism/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Embolism/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Embolism/etiology ; Hysterectomy/adverse effects ; Thrombosis/surgery ; Thrombolytic Therapy/adverse effects ; Postpartum Period
Chemical Substances	Tissue Plasminogen Activator (EC 3.4.21.68)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-03
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Review ; Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	807031-3
ISSN	1791-7549 ; 0258-851X
ISSN (online)	1791-7549
ISSN	0258-851X
DOI	10.21873/invivo.13106
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 modulates inflammatory responses of alveolar epithelial type II cells

Al-Qahtani, Ahmed A / Pantazi, Ioanna / Alhamlan, Fatimah S / Alothaid, Hani / Matou-Nasri, Sabine / Sourvinos, George / Vergadi, Eleni / Tsatsanis, Christos

Frontiers in immunology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 1020624

Abstract: Background: SARS-CoV-2 infects through the respiratory route and triggers inflammatory response by affecting multiple cell types including type II alveolar epithelial cells. SARS-CoV-2 triggers signals : Aim: Aim of the present study was to ... ...

Abstract	Background: SARS-CoV-2 infects through the respiratory route and triggers inflammatory response by affecting multiple cell types including type II alveolar epithelial cells. SARS-CoV-2 triggers signals Aim: Aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of SARS-CoV2 on type II alveolar epithelial cells, focusing on signals initiated by its S protein and their impact on the expression of inflammatory mediators. Results: For this purpose A549 alveolar type II epithelial cells were exposed to SARS CoV2 S recombinant protein and the expression of inflammatory mediators was measured. The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 S protein decreased the expression and secretion of IL8, IL6 and TNFα, 6 hours following stimulation, while it had no effect on IFNα, CXCL5 and PAI-1 expression. We further examined whether SARS-CoV-2 S protein, when combined with TLR2 signals, which are also triggered by SARS-CoV2 and its envelope protein, exerts a different effect in type II alveolar epithelial cells. Simultaneous treatment of A549 cells with SARS-CoV-2 S protein and the TLR2 ligand PAM3csk4 decreased secretion of IL8, IL6 and TNFα, while it significantly increased IFNα, CXCL5 and PAI-1 mRNA expression. To investigate the molecular pathway through which SARS-CoV-2 S protein exerted this immunomodulatory action in alveolar epithelial cells, we measured the induction of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways and found that SARS-CoV-2 S protein induced the activation of the serine threonine kinase AKT. Treatment with the Akt inhibitor MK-2206, abolished the inhibitory effect of SARS-CoV-2 S protein on IL8, IL6 and TNFα expression, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 S protein mediated its action Conclusion: The findings of our study, showed that SARS-CoV-2 S protein suppressed inflammatory responses in alveolar epithelial type II cells at early stages of infection through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Thus, our results suggest that at early stages SARS-CoV-2 S protein signals inhibit immune responses to the virus allowing it to propagate the infection while in combination with TLR2 signals enhances PAI-1 expression, potentially affecting the local coagulation cascade.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; RNA, Viral ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukin-8 ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; COVID-19
Chemical Substances	spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; RNA, Viral ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukin-8 ; Toll-Like Receptor 2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020624
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Article: Dumping of Dredge Spoil in the Pelagic Habitat: Focus on Trophic Status, Phytoplankton Diversity Responses and Generation of Blooms

Varkitzi, Ioanna / Pavlidou, Alexandra / Pantazi, Maria / Rousselaki, Eleni / Hatiris, Georgios-Angelos / Gratsia, Eirini / Kapsimalis, Vasilios / Pagou, Kalliopi

Water. 2022 July 29, v. 14, no. 15

2022

Abstract: This study presents the impacts of dredge spoil dumping in the pelagic habitat during a 27-month monitoring survey in eastern Mediterranean coastal waters (Saronikos Gulf, Aegean Sea), with a focus on changes in trophic status and eutrophication levels, ... ...

Abstract	This study presents the impacts of dredge spoil dumping in the pelagic habitat during a 27-month monitoring survey in eastern Mediterranean coastal waters (Saronikos Gulf, Aegean Sea), with a focus on changes in trophic status and eutrophication levels, phytoplankton diversity and bloom dynamics. A number of environmental parameters and phytoplankton metrics were significantly influenced by the dumping operations, specifically phytoplankton diversity indices (number of species, Diatoms:Dinoflagellates ratio) and total abundance, Chlorophyll-a, light transmission, dissolved oxygen and inorganic nutrients, N:P ratio, and the Eutrophication ndex (a metric for trophic status assessment). Phosphates started to increase after the first year of dumping operations, shifting the N:P ratio to values lower than 10. A similarity cluster analysis highlighted that the phytoplankton community structure during the pre-dumping and the early-dumping period was clearly discriminated from the period during and after the dumping operations. A clear shift with an increase in the Diatoms:Dinoflagellates ratio was observed immediately after the initiation of dumping operations, which maximized in the dumping site after two years of operations. Diatoms dominated the phytoplankton communities, reaching ~ 95% relative abundance in the dumping site. High biomass producers or potentially toxic diatom species proliferated forming blooms. Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries was the most frequent potentially toxic species. A multivariate analysis (RDA) highlighted that among a suite of phytoplankton metrics plotted against stressors relevant to dumping, the Eutrophication Index, Chlorophyll-a, the diversity index Diatoms:Dinoflagellates ratio and the abundance of the potentially toxic diatom P. multiseries emerged as the most suitable to reflect the responses of phytoplankton communities to dumping. Dredge spoil dumping at sea poses pressures to ecosystem components addressed by the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) monitoring programs. In such a context, this study further supports the role of phytoplankton diversity and blooms as sensitive monitoring elements for the environmental status assessment and dumping management in coastal waters.
Keywords	Pseudo-nitzschia ; biomass ; chlorophyll ; cluster analysis ; community structure ; dredged materials ; ecosystems ; eutrophication ; habitats ; light transmission ; multivariate analysis ; oxygen ; phytoplankton ; surveys ; toxicity ; Aegean Sea
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0729
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2521238-2
ISSN	2073-4441
ISSN	2073-4441
DOI	10.3390/w14152343
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Article ; Online: Circulating cell-free DNA release in vitro: kinetics, size profiling, and cancer-related gene methylation.

Panagopoulou, Maria / Karaglani, Makrina / Balgkouranidou, Ioanna / Pantazi, Chrisoula / Kolios, George / Kakolyris, Stylianos / Chatzaki, Ekaterini

Journal of cellular physiology

2019 Volume 234, Issue 8, Page(s) 14079–14089

Abstract: Circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) is a biological entity of great interest due to its potential as liquid biopsy biomaterial carrying clinically valuable information. To better understand its nature, we studied ccfDNA in vitro in two human cancer cell ... ...

Abstract	Circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) is a biological entity of great interest due to its potential as liquid biopsy biomaterial carrying clinically valuable information. To better understand its nature, we studied ccfDNA in vitro in two human cancer cell lines MCF-7 and HeLa. Normalized indexes of ccfDNA per cell population decreased over time of culture but were significantly elevated after exposure to IC
MeSH term(s)	Azacitidine/pharmacology ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids/drug effects ; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids/genetics ; DNA Methylation/genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Kinetics ; MCF-7 Cells ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/pathology
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids ; Azacitidine (M801H13NRU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3116-1
ISSN	1097-4652 ; 0021-9541
ISSN (online)	1097-4652
ISSN	0021-9541
DOI	10.1002/jcp.28097
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 Interaction Suppresses IRAK-M Expression and Promotes Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Macrophages.

Pantazi, Ioanna / Al-Qahtani, Ahmed A / Alhamlan, Fatimah S / Alothaid, Hani / Matou-Nasri, Sabine / Sourvinos, George / Vergadi, Eleni / Tsatsanis, Christos

Frontiers in immunology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 683800

Abstract: The major cause of death in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients is due to de-regulation of the innate immune system and development of cytokine storm. SARS-CoV-2 infects multiple cell types in the lung, including macrophages, by engagement of its spike (S) ... ...

Abstract	The major cause of death in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients is due to de-regulation of the innate immune system and development of cytokine storm. SARS-CoV-2 infects multiple cell types in the lung, including macrophages, by engagement of its spike (S) protein on angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. ACE2 receptor initiates signals in macrophages that modulate their activation, including production of cytokines and chemokines. IL-1R-associated kinase (IRAK)-M is a central regulator of inflammatory responses regulating the magnitude of TLR responsiveness. Aim of the work was to investigate whether SARS-CoV-2 S protein-initiated signals modulate pro-inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages. For this purpose, we treated PMA-differentiated THP-1 human macrophages with SARS-CoV-2 S protein and measured the induction of inflammatory mediators including IL6, TNFα, IL8, CXCL5, and MIP1a. The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 S protein induced IL6, MIP1a and TNFα mRNA expression, while it had no effect on IL8 and CXCL5 mRNA levels. We further examined whether SARS-CoV-2 S protein altered the responsiveness of macrophages to TLR signals. Treatment of LPS-activated macrophages with SARS-CoV-2 S protein augmented IL6 and MIP1a mRNA, an effect that was evident at the protein level only for IL6. Similarly, treatment of PAM3csk4 stimulated macrophages with SARS-CoV-2 S protein resulted in increased mRNA of IL6, while TNFα and MIP1a were unaffected. The results were confirmed in primary human peripheral monocytic cells (PBMCs) and isolated CD14+ monocytes. Macrophage responsiveness to TLR ligands is regulated by IRAK-M, an inactive IRAK kinase isoform. Indeed, we found that SARS-CoV-2 S protein suppressed IRAK-M mRNA and protein expression both in THP1 macrophages and primary human PBMCs and CD14+ monocytes. Engagement of SARS-CoV-2 S protein with ACE2 results in internalization of ACE2 and suppression of its activity. Activation of ACE2 has been previously shown to induce anti-inflammatory responses in macrophages. Treatment of macrophages with the ACE2 activator DIZE suppressed the pro-inflammatory action of SARS-CoV-2. Our results demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 interaction rendered macrophages hyper-responsive to TLR signals, suppressed IRAK-M and promoted pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Thus, activation of ACE2 may be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategy to eliminate the development of cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 patients.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism ; COVID-19/immunology ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism ; Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases/genetics ; Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases/metabolism ; Interleukin-6/genetics ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Macrophages/immunology ; Macrophages/virology ; Protein Binding ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; THP-1 Cells ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Inflammation Mediators ; Interleukin-6 ; Lipopolysaccharides ; MAPKAP1 protein, human ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; IRAK3 protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2021.683800
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Article ; Online: Emotional Stroop interference for threatening words is related to reduced EEG δ-β coupling and low attentional control.

Putman, Peter / Arias-Garcia, Elsa / Pantazi, Ioanna / van Schie, Charlotte

International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology

2012 Volume 84, Issue 2, Page(s) 194–200

Abstract: Previously, electroencephalographic (EEG) delta-beta coupling (positive correlation between power in the fast beta and slow delta frequency bands) has been related to affective processing. For instance, differences in delta-beta coupling have been ... ...

Abstract	Previously, electroencephalographic (EEG) delta-beta coupling (positive correlation between power in the fast beta and slow delta frequency bands) has been related to affective processing. For instance, differences in delta-beta coupling have been observed between people in a psychological stress condition and controls. We previously reported relationships between attentional threat processing and delta-beta coupling and individual differences in attentional control. The present study extended and replicated these findings in a large mixed gender sample (N=80). Results demonstrated that emotional Stroop task interference for threatening words was related to self-reported attentional inhibition capacity and frontal delta-beta coupling. There was no clear gender difference for delta-beta coupling (only a non-significant trend) and the relationship between delta-beta coupling and attentional threat-processing was not affected by gender. These results replicate and extend an earlier finding concerning delta-beta coupling and cognitive affect regulation and further clarify relationships between delta-beta coupling, attentional control, and threat-processing.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Attention/physiology ; Delta Rhythm/physiology ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Emotions/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Stroop Test ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-05
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	605645-3
ISSN	1872-7697 ; 0167-8760
ISSN (online)	1872-7697
ISSN	0167-8760
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.02.006
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Article ; Online: EEG theta/beta ratio as a potential biomarker for attentional control and resilience against deleterious effects of stress on attention.

Putman, Peter / Verkuil, Bart / Arias-Garcia, Elsa / Pantazi, Ioanna / van Schie, Charlotte

Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience

2013 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 782–791

Abstract: Anxious stress compromises cognitive executive performance. This occurs, for instance, in cognitive performance anxiety (CPA), in which anxiety about one's cognitive performance causes that performance to actually deteriorate (e.g., test anxiety). This ... ...

Abstract	Anxious stress compromises cognitive executive performance. This occurs, for instance, in cognitive performance anxiety (CPA), in which anxiety about one's cognitive performance causes that performance to actually deteriorate (e.g., test anxiety). This is thought to result from a prefrontal cortically (PFC) mediated failure of top-down attentional control over stress-induced automatic processing of threat-related information. In addition, stress-induced increased catecholamine influx into the PFC may directly compromise attentional function. Previous research has suggested that the ratio between resting state electroencephalographic (EEG) low- and high-frequency power (the theta/beta ratio) is related to trait attentional control, which might moderate these effects of stress on attentional function. The goals of the present study were to test the novel prediction that theta/beta ratio moderates the deleterious effects of CPA-like anxious stress on state attentional control and to replicate a previous finding that the theta/beta ratio is related to self-reported trait attentional control. After recording of baseline frontal EEG signals, 77 participants performed a stress induction or a control procedure. Trait attentional control was assessed with the Attentional Control Scale, whereas stress-induced changes in attentional control and anxiety were measured with self-report visual analogue scales. The hypothesized moderating influence of theta/beta ratio on the effects of stress on state attentional control was confirmed. Theta/beta ratio explained 28% of the variance in stress-induced deterioration of self-reported attentional control. The negative relationship between theta/beta ratio and trait attentional control was replicated (r = -.33). The theta/beta ratio reflects, likely prefrontally mediated, attentional control, and should be a useful biomarker for the study of CPA and other anxiety-cognition interactions.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Analysis of Variance ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/pathology ; Beta Rhythm/physiology ; Biomarkers ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Stress, Psychological/complications ; Theta Rhythm/physiology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-11-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2029088-3
ISSN	1531-135X ; 1530-7026
ISSN (online)	1531-135X
ISSN	1530-7026
DOI	10.3758/s13415-013-0238-7
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Article: Using a holistic ecosystem-integrated approach to assess the environmental status of Saronikos Gulf, Eastern Mediterranean

Pavlidou, Alexandra / Nomiki Simboura / Κalliopi Pagou / Georgia Assimakopoulou / Vasilis Gerakaris / Ioannis Hatzianestis / Panayotis Panayotidis / Maria Pantazi / Nadia Papadopoulou / Sofia Reizopoulou / Chris Smith / Maria Triantaphyllou / Maria C. Uyarra / Ioanna Varkitzi / Vassiliki Vassilopoulou / Christina Zeri / Angel Borja

Ecological indicators. 2019 Jan., v. 96

2019

Abstract: The holistic Nested Environmental status Assessment Tool (NEAT), developed for the integrated assessment of the status of marine waters, was applied to Saronikos Gulf, in the Eastern Mediterranean. We used different spatial and decadal time series data ... ...

Abstract	The holistic Nested Environmental status Assessment Tool (NEAT), developed for the integrated assessment of the status of marine waters, was applied to Saronikos Gulf, in the Eastern Mediterranean. We used different spatial and decadal time series data covering 9 biological and chemical ecosystem components, 24 indicators and 8 descriptors of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), to test its performance under different ecosystem approaches. The results were evaluated in relation to the anthropogenic pressures affecting the study area as well as the management measures taken, and compared to the results from previous studies. NEAT has shown clear spatial gradients differentiating the impacted and slightly-impacted areas, as well as the response of the ecosystem towards the management measures taken, demonstrating the most responsive and early warning ecosystem components. The application of NEAT to Saronikos Gulf classified the whole basin into good status, with the pelagic habitat components (fish, water column and phytoplankton ecosystem components) contributing strongly to the overall environmental status of the gulf. Sediment, benthic fauna and vegetation, mammals and alien species were the most impacted ecological components in Saronikos Gulf. The most affected areas, Elefsis Bay and Psittalia (wastewater submarine outfall), were assessed as in poor and moderate status, respectively. We conclude that: (i) it is possible to integrate data from different sources, spatial and temporal scales; (ii) this integration has permitted to undertake a real ecosystem assessment; (iii) there is no loss of information, allowing full tracking of problems and cases in no good status that should be addressed at lower levels (e.g. species or species groups); (iv) the results are related with the pressures identified; (v) the assessment demonstrates the recovery of the system and the time needed to recovery; and (vi) these results could be very useful for managers, policy makers and scientists when deciding the method to use in assessing the environmental status under the MSFD.
Keywords	basins ; benthic organisms ; ecosystems ; environmental indicators ; fish ; habitats ; introduced species ; issues and policy ; mammals ; phytoplankton ; sediments ; time series analysis ; vegetation ; wastewater
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-01
Size	p. 336-350.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2036774-0
ISSN	1872-7034 ; 1470-160X
ISSN (online)	1872-7034
ISSN	1470-160X
DOI	10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.09.007
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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