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Article ; Online: T regulatory lymphocytes specific for SARS-CoV-2 display increased functional plasticity.

Esparcia-Pinedo, Laura / Lancho-Sánchez, Ángel / Tsukalov, Ilya / Pacheco, María I / Martínez-Fleta, Pedro / Pérez-Miés, Belén / Palacios-Calvo, José / Sánchez-Madrid, Francisco / Martín-Gayo, Enrique / Alfranca, Arantzazu

Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

2023 Volume 256, Page(s) 109806

Abstract: The study of phenotypic and functional characteristics of immune cells involved in host response to SARS-CoV-2 is relevant for understanding COVID-19 pathogenesis and individual differences in disease progression. We have analyzed chemokine receptor ... ...

Abstract	The study of phenotypic and functional characteristics of immune cells involved in host response to SARS-CoV-2 is relevant for understanding COVID-19 pathogenesis and individual differences in disease progression. We have analyzed chemokine receptor expression in SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes from vaccinated donors, and have found an increase of CCR9+ and CCR6+ cells. CCR9+ specific CD4+ cells are enriched in T regulatory (Treg) lymphocytes. These cells specifically show heterogeneous regulatory activity, associated with different profiles of CCR9/CCR6 expression, individual differences in IL-10 and IL-17 production, and variable FoxP3 and Notch4 expression. A higher heterogeneity in FoxP3 is selectively observed in convalescent individuals within vaccinated population. Accordingly, SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ lymphocytes from COVID-19 patients are also enriched in CCR9+ and CCR6+ cells. CCR6+ specific Treg lymphocytes are mainly increased in critically ill individuals, indicating a preferential role for these cells in lung injury pathogenesis. We provide experimental evidence for a SARS-CoV-2-specific Treg population with increased plasticity, which may contribute to the differential pathogenic response against SARS-CoV-2 among individuals, and underlie the development of autoimmune conditions following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19/metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Chemokine ; Forkhead Transcription Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1459903-x
ISSN	1521-7035 ; 1521-6616
ISSN (online)	1521-7035
ISSN	1521-6616
DOI	10.1016/j.clim.2023.109806
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Article ; Online: Beneficial effect of temporary methotrexate interruption on B and T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis.

Martínez-Fleta, Pedro / Vicente-Rabaneda, Esther F / Triguero-Martínez, Ana / Roy-Vallejo, Emilia / Uriarte-Ecenarro, Miren / Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Francisco / Quiroga-Colina, Patricia / Romero-Robles, Ana / Montes, Nuria / García-Castañeda, Noelia / Mejía-Abril, Gina P / García-Vadillo, Jesús A / Llorente-Cubas, Irene / Villagrasa, José R / Serra López-Matencio, José M / Ancochea, Julio / Urzainqui, Ana / Esparcia-Pinedo, Laura / Alfranca, Arantzazu /

de la Fuente, Hortensia / García-Vicuña, Rosario / Sánchez-Madrid, Francisco / González-Álvaro, Isidoro / Castañeda, Santos

NPJ vaccines

2024 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 21

Abstract: B and T cell responses were evaluated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) after 1 or 2 weeks of methotrexate (MTX) withdrawal following each COVID-19 vaccine dose and compared with those who maintained MTX. Adult RA ... ...

Abstract	B and T cell responses were evaluated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) after 1 or 2 weeks of methotrexate (MTX) withdrawal following each COVID-19 vaccine dose and compared with those who maintained MTX. Adult RA and PsA patients treated with MTX were recruited and randomly assigned to 3 groups: MTX-maintenance (n = 72), MTX-withdrawal for 1 week (n = 71) or MTX-withdrawal for 2 weeks (n = 73). Specific antibodies to several SARS-CoV-2 antigens and interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-21 responses were assessed. MTX withdrawal in patients without previous COVID-19 was associated with higher levels of anti-RBD IgG and neutralising antibodies, especially in the 2-week withdrawal group and with higher IFN-γ secretion upon stimulation with pools of SARS-CoV-2 S peptides. No increment of RA/PsA relapses was detected across groups. Our data indicate that two-week MTX interruption following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with RA or PsA improves humoral and cellular immune responses.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2059-0105
ISSN (online)	2059-0105
DOI	10.1038/s41541-024-00805-3
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Article ; Online: NFκB and NLRP3/NLRC4 inflammasomes regulate differentiation, activation and functional properties of monocytes in response to distinct SARS-CoV-2 proteins.

Tsukalov, Ilya / Sánchez-Cerrillo, Ildefonso / Rajas, Olga / Avalos, Elena / Iturricastillo, Gorane / Esparcia, Laura / Buzón, María José / Genescà, Meritxell / Scagnetti, Camila / Popova, Olga / Martin-Cófreces, Noa / Calvet-Mirabent, Marta / Marcos-Jimenez, Ana / Martínez-Fleta, Pedro / Delgado-Arévalo, Cristina / de Los Santos, Ignacio / Muñoz-Calleja, Cecilia / Calzada, María José / González Álvaro, Isidoro /

Palacios-Calvo, José / Alfranca, Arantzazu / Ancochea, Julio / Sánchez-Madrid, Francisco / Martin-Gayo, Enrique

Nature communications

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 2100

Abstract: Increased recruitment of transitional and non-classical monocytes in the lung during SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with COVID-19 severity. However, whether specific innate sensors mediate the activation or differentiation of monocytes in response to ...

Abstract	Increased recruitment of transitional and non-classical monocytes in the lung during SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with COVID-19 severity. However, whether specific innate sensors mediate the activation or differentiation of monocytes in response to different SARS-CoV-2 proteins remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 but not nucleoprotein induce differentiation of monocytes into transitional or non-classical subsets from both peripheral blood and COVID-19 bronchoalveolar lavage samples in a NFκB-dependent manner, but this process does not require inflammasome activation. However, NLRP3 and NLRC4 differentially regulated CD86 expression in monocytes in response to Spike 1 and Nucleoprotein, respectively. Moreover, monocytes exposed to Spike 1 induce significantly higher proportions of Th1 and Th17 CD4 + T cells. In contrast, monocytes exposed to Nucleoprotein reduce the degranulation of CD8 + T cells from severe COVID-19 patients. Our study provides insights in the differential impact of innate sensors in regulating monocytes in response to different SARS-CoV-2 proteins, which might be useful to better understand COVID-19 immunopathology and identify therapeutic targets.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/metabolism ; COVID-19/pathology ; Inflammasomes/metabolism ; Monocytes/metabolism ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism ; Nucleoproteins/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Calcium-Binding Proteins ; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; Inflammasomes ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; NLRC4 protein, human ; Nucleoproteins ; NLRP3 protein, human ; NFKB1 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-024-46322-8
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Article ; Online: CD4+ T Cell Immune Specificity Changes After Vaccination in Healthy And COVID-19 Convalescent Subjects.

Esparcia-Pinedo, Laura / Martínez-Fleta, Pedro / Ropero, Noelia / Vera-Tomé, Paula / Reyburn, Hugh T / Casasnovas, José M / Rodríguez Frade, José M / Valés-Gómez, Mar / Vilches, Carlos / Martín-Gayo, Enrique / Muñoz-Calleja, Cecilia / Sanchez-Madrid, Francisco / Alfranca, Arantzazu

Frontiers in immunology

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) 755891

Abstract: The immune response promoted by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is relevant to develop novel vaccines and optimized prevention strategies. We analyzed the adaptive immunity in healthy donors (HD) and convalescent individuals (CD), before and after administering ... ...

Abstract	The immune response promoted by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is relevant to develop novel vaccines and optimized prevention strategies. We analyzed the adaptive immunity in healthy donors (HD) and convalescent individuals (CD), before and after administering BNT162b2 vaccine. Our results revealed specific changes in CD4+ T cell reactivity profile in vaccinated HD and CD, with an increase in S1 and S2 positive individuals, proportionally higher for S2. On the contrary, NCAP reactivity observed in HD and CD patients was no longer detectable after vaccination. Despite the substantial antibody response in CD, MPro-derived peptides did not elicit CD4+ lymphocyte activation in our assay in either condition. HD presented an increment in anti-S and anti-RBD IgG after first dose vaccination, which increased after the second vaccination. Conversely, anti-S and anti-RBD IgG and IgA titers increased in already positive CD after first dose administration, remaining stable after second dose inoculation. Interestingly, we found a strong significant correlation between S1-induced CD4+ response and anti-S IgA pre-vaccination, which was lost after vaccine administration.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; BNT162 Vaccine/immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; COVID-19/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Convalescence ; Female ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Immunization, Secondary ; Immunoglobulin A/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin G/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2021.755891
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Article ; Online: Flow cytometry multiplexed method for the detection of neutralizing human antibodies to the native SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

Horndler, Lydia / Delgado, Pilar / Abia, David / Balabanov, Ivaylo / Martínez-Fleta, Pedro / Cornish, Georgina / Llamas, Miguel A / Serrano-Villar, Sergio / Sánchez-Madrid, Francisco / Fresno, Manuel / van Santen, Hisse M / Alarcón, Balbino

EMBO molecular medicine

2021 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e13549

Abstract: A correct identification of seropositive individuals for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is of paramount relevance to assess the degree of protection of a human population to present and future outbreaks of the ... ...

Abstract	A correct identification of seropositive individuals for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is of paramount relevance to assess the degree of protection of a human population to present and future outbreaks of the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe here a sensitive and quantitative flow cytometry method using the cytometer-friendly non-adherent Jurkat T-cell line that stably expresses the full-length native spike "S" protein of SARS-CoV-2 and a truncated form of the human EGFR that serves a normalizing role. S protein and huEGFRt coding sequences are separated by a T2A self-cleaving sequence, allowing to accurately quantify the presence of anti-S immunoglobulins by calculating a score based on the ratio of fluorescence intensities obtained by double-staining with the test sera and anti-EGFR. The method allows to detect immune individuals regardless of the result of other serological tests or even repeated PCR monitoring. As examples of its use, we show that as much as 28% of the personnel working at the CBMSO in Madrid is already immune. Additionally, we show that anti-S antibodies with protective neutralizing activity are long-lasting and can be detected in sera 8 months after infection.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19 Serological Testing/methods ; COVID-19 Serological Testing/statistics & numerical data ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; ErbB Receptors/genetics ; Female ; Flow Cytometry/methods ; Flow Cytometry/statistics & numerical data ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutralization Tests ; Pandemics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; EGFR protein, human (EC 2.7.10.1) ; ErbB Receptors (EC 2.7.10.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	2467145-9
ISSN	1757-4684 ; 1757-4676
ISSN (online)	1757-4684
ISSN	1757-4676
DOI	10.15252/emmm.202013549
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Article ; Online: Antiretroviral therapy duration and immunometabolic state determine efficacy of ex vivo dendritic cell-based treatment restoring functional HIV-specific CD8+ T cells in people living with HIV.

Calvet-Mirabent, Marta / Sánchez-Cerrillo, Ildefonso / Martín-Cófreces, Noa / Martínez-Fleta, Pedro / de la Fuente, Hortensia / Tsukalov, Ilya / Delgado-Arévalo, Cristina / Calzada, María José / de Los Santos, Ignacio / Sanz, Jesús / García-Fraile, Lucio / Sánchez-Madrid, Francisco / Alfranca, Arantzazu / Muñoz-Fernández, María Ángeles / Buzón, Maria J / Martín-Gayo, Enrique

EBioMedicine

2022 Volume 81, Page(s) 104090

Abstract: Background: Dysfunction of CD8: Methods: We studied association of restoration of functional HIV-1-specific CD8: Findings: HIV-1-specific CD8: Interpretation: Together, our study identifies specific immunometabolic parameters for different PLWH ...

Abstract	Background: Dysfunction of CD8 Methods: We studied association of restoration of functional HIV-1-specific CD8 Findings: HIV-1-specific CD8 Interpretation: Together, our study identifies specific immunometabolic parameters for different PLWH subgroups potentially useful for future personalized DC-based HIV-1 vaccines. Funding: NIH (R21AI140930), MINECO/FEDER RETOS (RTI2018-097485-A-I00) and CIBERINF grants.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Retroviral Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Dendritic Cells ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV-1 ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Anti-Retroviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2851331-9
ISSN	2352-3964
ISSN (online)	2352-3964
DOI	10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104090
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Article ; Online: A Differential Signature of Circulating miRNAs and Cytokines Between COVID-19 and Community-Acquired Pneumonia Uncovers Novel Physiopathological Mechanisms of COVID-19.

Martínez-Fleta, Pedro / Vera-Tomé, Paula / Jiménez-Fernández, María / Requena, Silvia / Roy-Vallejo, Emilia / Sanz-García, Ancor / Lozano-Prieto, Marta / López-Sanz, Celia / Vara, Alicia / Lancho-Sánchez, Ángel / Martín-Gayo, Enrique / Muñoz-Calleja, Cecilia / Alfranca, Arantzazu / González-Álvaro, Isidoro / Galván-Román, José María / Aspa, Javier / de la Fuente, Hortensia / Sánchez-Madrid, Francisco

Frontiers in immunology

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) 815651

Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a life-threatening infectious disease, especially for elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. Despite enormous efforts to understand its underlying etiopathogenic mechanisms, most of them remain ... ...

Abstract	Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a life-threatening infectious disease, especially for elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. Despite enormous efforts to understand its underlying etiopathogenic mechanisms, most of them remain elusive. In this study, we compared differential plasma miRNAs and cytokines profiles between COVID-19 and other community-acquired pneumonias (CAP). A first screening and subsequent validation assays in an independent cohort of patients revealed a signature of 15 dysregulated miRNAs between COVID-19 and CAP patients. Additionally, multivariate analysis displayed a combination of 4 miRNAs (miR-106b-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-25-3p and miR-30a-5p) that significantly discriminated between both pathologies. Search for targets of these miRNAs, combined with plasma protein measurements, identified a differential cytokine signature between COVID-19 and CAP that included EGFR, CXCL12 and IL-10. Significant differences were also detected in plasma levels of CXCL12, IL-17, TIMP-2 and IL-21R between mild and severe COVID-19 patients. These findings provide new insights into the etiopathological mechanisms underlying COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers/blood ; COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/immunology ; Circulating MicroRNA/blood ; Cohort Studies ; Community-Acquired Infections/blood ; Community-Acquired Infections/immunology ; Cytokines/blood ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia/blood ; Pneumonia/immunology
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Circulating MicroRNA ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2021.815651
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Article ; Online: Flow cytometry multiplexed method for the detection of neutralizing human antibodies to the native SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein

Lydia Horndler / Pilar Delgado / David Abia / Ivaylo Balabanov / Pedro Martínez‐Fleta / Georgina Cornish / Miguel A Llamas / Sergio Serrano‐Villar / Francisco Sánchez‐Madrid / Manuel Fresno / Hisse M van Santen / Balbino Alarcón

EMBO Molecular Medicine, Vol 13, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)

2021

Abstract: Abstract A correct identification of seropositive individuals for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection is of paramount relevance to assess the degree of protection of a human population to present and future ... ...

Abstract	Abstract A correct identification of seropositive individuals for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection is of paramount relevance to assess the degree of protection of a human population to present and future outbreaks of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We describe here a sensitive and quantitative flow cytometry method using the cytometer‐friendly non‐adherent Jurkat T‐cell line that stably expresses the full‐length native spike “S” protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 and a truncated form of the human EGFR that serves a normalizing role. S protein and huEGFRt coding sequences are separated by a T2A self‐cleaving sequence, allowing to accurately quantify the presence of anti‐S immunoglobulins by calculating a score based on the ratio of fluorescence intensities obtained by double‐staining with the test sera and anti‐EGFR. The method allows to detect immune individuals regardless of the result of other serological tests or even repeated PCR monitoring. As examples of its use, we show that as much as 28% of the personnel working at the CBMSO in Madrid is already immune. Additionally, we show that anti‐S antibodies with protective neutralizing activity are long‐lasting and can be detected in sera 8 months after infection.
Keywords	flow cytometry ; method ; S protein ; SARS‐CoV‐2 ; seropositivity ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Genetics ; QH426-470
Subject code	612
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible proteins (GADD45) in psoriasis.

Rodríguez-Jiménez, Pedro / Fernández-Messina, Lola / Ovejero-Benito, María C / Chicharro, Pablo / Vera-Tomé, Paula / Vara, Alicia / Cibrian, Danay / Martínez-Fleta, Pedro / Jiménez-Fernández, María / Sánchez-García, Inés / Llamas-Velasco, Mar / Abad-Santos, Francisco / Sánchez-Madrid, Francisco / Dauden, Esteban / de la Fuente, Hortensia

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 14579

Abstract: The interplay between T cells, dendritic cells and keratinocytes is crucial for the development and maintenance of inflammation in psoriasis. GADD45 proteins mediate DNA repair in different cells including keratinocytes. In the immune system, GADD45a and ...

Abstract	The interplay between T cells, dendritic cells and keratinocytes is crucial for the development and maintenance of inflammation in psoriasis. GADD45 proteins mediate DNA repair in different cells including keratinocytes. In the immune system, GADD45a and GADD45b regulate the function and activation of both T lymphocytes and dendritic cells and GADD45a links DNA repair and epigenetic regulation through its demethylase activity. Here, we analyzed the expression of GADD45a and GADD45b in the skin, dendritic cells and circulating T cells in a cohort of psoriasis patients and their regulation by inflammatory signals. Thirty patients (17 male/13 female) with plaque psoriasis and 15 controls subjects (7 male/8 female), were enrolled. Psoriasis patients exhibited a lower expression of GADD45a at the epidermis but a higher expression in dermal infiltrating T cells in lesional skin. The expression of GADD45a and GADD45b was also higher in peripheral T cells from psoriasis patients, although no differences were observed in p38 activation. The expression and methylation state of the GADD45a target UCHL1 were evaluated, revealing a hypermethylation of its promoter in lesional skin compared to controls. Furthermore, reduced levels of GADD45a correlated with a lower expression UCHL1 in lesional skin. We propose that the demethylase function of GADD45a may account for its pleiotropic effects, and the complex and heterogeneous pattern of expression observed in psoriatic disease.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, Differentiation/genetics ; Antigens, Differentiation/immunology ; Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; Cell Cycle Proteins/immunology ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Dendritic Cells/metabolism ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation/immunology ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Keratinocytes/immunology ; Keratinocytes/metabolism ; Male ; Methylation ; Middle Aged ; Psoriasis/genetics ; Psoriasis/immunology ; Psoriasis/metabolism ; Skin/immunology ; Skin/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Antigens, Differentiation ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; GADD45A protein, human ; GADD45B protein, human ; UCHL1 protein, human ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase (EC 3.4.19.12)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-93780-x
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Article: COVID-19 Vaccination and Immunosuppressive Therapy in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases.

Serra López-Matencio, José M / Vicente-Rabaneda, Esther F / Alañón, Estefanía / Aranguren Oyarzabal, Ainhoa / Martínez Fleta, Pedro / Castañeda, Santos

Vaccines

2023 Volume 11, Issue 12

Abstract: The COVID-19 vaccination program has probably been the most complex and extensive project in history until now, which has been a challenge for all the people involved in the planning and management of this program. Patients with immune-mediated ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 vaccination program has probably been the most complex and extensive project in history until now, which has been a challenge for all the people involved in the planning and management of this program. Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) on immunosuppressive therapy have required special attention, not only because of the particular haste in carrying out the process but also because of the uncertainty regarding their response to the vaccines. We now have strong scientific evidence that supports the hypothesis that immunosuppressive therapy inhibits the humoral response to vaccines against other infectious agents, such as influenza, pneumococcus and hepatitis B. This has led to the hypothesis that the same could happen with the COVID-19 vaccine. Several studies have therefore already been carried out in this area, suggesting that temporarily discontinuing the administration of methotrexate for 2 weeks post-vaccination could improve the vaccine response, and other studies with various immunosuppressive drugs are in the same line. However, the fact of withholding or interrupting immunosuppressive therapy when dealing with COVID-19 vaccination remains unclear. On this basis, our article tries to compile the information available on the effect of immunosuppressant agents on COVID-19 vaccine responses in patients with IMIDs and proposes an algorithm for the management of these patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines11121813
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