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Article ; Online: Systematic Search for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors for Drug Repurposing: Ethacrynic Acid as a Potential Drug.

Isgrò, Camilla / Sardanelli, Anna Maria / Palese, Luigi Leonardo

2021 Volume 13, Issue 1

Abstract: In 2019 an outbreak occurred which resulted in a global pandemic. The causative agent has been identified in a virus belonging to ... ...

Abstract	In 2019 an outbreak occurred which resulted in a global pandemic. The causative agent has been identified in a virus belonging to the
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/chemistry ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Catalytic Domain ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/chemistry ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/metabolism ; Databases, Factual ; Drug Repositioning ; Ethacrynic Acid/chemistry ; Ethacrynic Acid/pharmacology ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Protease Inhibitors/chemistry ; Protease Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/enzymology
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Protease Inhibitors ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases (EC 3.4.22.28) ; Ethacrynic Acid (M5DP350VZV)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13010106
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Active Site Ligands in the Human Metabolome.

Sardanelli, Anna Maria / Isgrò, Camilla / Palese, Luigi Leonardo

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 26, Issue 5

Abstract: In late 2019, a global pandemic occurred. The causative agent was identified as a member of ... ...

Abstract	In late 2019, a global pandemic occurred. The causative agent was identified as a member of the
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/chemistry ; Antiviral Agents/metabolism ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Binding Sites ; Catalytic Domain/drug effects ; Computer Simulation ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/chemistry ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/metabolism ; Databases, Chemical ; Drug Discovery ; Enzyme Assays ; Humans ; Ligands ; Metabolome ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Protease Inhibitors/chemistry ; Protease Inhibitors/metabolism ; Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/enzymology ; Silymarin/chemistry ; Silymarin/metabolism ; Silymarin/pharmacology ; Software ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Ligands ; Protease Inhibitors ; Silymarin ; 3C-like proteinase, SARS-CoV-2 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases (EC 3.4.22.28)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules26051409
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Article ; Online: Oxidative Damage and Post-COVID Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Cohort of Italian Workers.

Stufano, Angela / Isgrò, Camilla / Palese, Luigi Leonardo / Caretta, Paolo / De Maria, Luigi / Lovreglio, Piero / Sardanelli, Anna Maria

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 8

Abstract: In addition to the acute symptoms after infection, patients and society are also being challenged by the long-term effects of COVID-19, known as long COVID. Oxidative stress, as a pivotal point in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, could potentially be ... ...

Abstract	In addition to the acute symptoms after infection, patients and society are also being challenged by the long-term effects of COVID-19, known as long COVID. Oxidative stress, as a pivotal point in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, could potentially be also involved in the development of the post-COVID syndrome. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between changes in oxidative status and the persistence of long-COVID symptoms in workers with a previous mild COVID-19 infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 127 employees of an Italian university (80 with a previous COVID-19 infection, and 47 healthy subjects). The TBARS assay was used to detect malondialdehyde serum levels (MDA), while total hydroperoxide (TH) production was measured by a d-ROMs kit. A significant difference in mean serum MDA values was found between previously infected subjects and healthy controls and (4.9 µm vs. 2.8 µm, respectively). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed high specificity and good sensibility (78.7% and 67.5%, respectively) for MDA serum levels. A random forest classifier identified the hematocrit value, MDA serum levels, and IgG titer against SARS-CoV-2 as features with the highest predictive value in distinguishing 34 long-COVID from 46 asymptomatic post-COVID subjects. Oxidative damage persists in subjects with previous COVID-19 infection, suggesting a possible role of oxidative stress mediators in the pathogenesis of long COVID.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Oxidative Stress/physiology ; Italy/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms24087445
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Active Site Ligands in the Human Metabolome

Anna Maria Sardanelli / Camilla Isgrò / Luigi Leonardo Palese

Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 5, p

2021 Volume 1409

Abstract: In late 2019, a global pandemic occurred. The causative agent was identified as a member of the Coronaviridae family, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this study, we present an analysis on the substances identified ... ...

Abstract	In late 2019, a global pandemic occurred. The causative agent was identified as a member of the Coronaviridae family, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this study, we present an analysis on the substances identified in the human metabolome capable of binding the active site of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro ). The substances present in the human metabolome have both endogenous and exogenous origins. The aim of this research was to find molecules whose biochemical and toxicological profile was known that could be the starting point for the development of antiviral therapies. Our analysis revealed numerous metabolites—including xenobiotics—that bind this protease, which are essential to the lifecycle of the virus. Among these substances, silybin, a flavolignan compound and the main active component of silymarin, is particularly noteworthy. Silymarin is a standardized extract of milk thistle, Silybum marianum , and has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antineoplastic, and antiviral activities. Our results—obtained in silico and in vitro—prove that silybin and silymarin, respectively, are able to inhibit M pro , representing a possible food-derived natural compound that is useful as a therapeutic strategy against COVID-19.
Keywords	coronavirus ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; M pro ; 3C-like protease ; 3CL protease ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Rhus Coriaria

Isgrò, Camilla / Spagnuolo, Ludovica / Pannucci, Elisa / Mondello, Luigi / Santi, Luca / Dugo, Laura / Sardanelli, Anna Maria

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 21

Abstract: Sumac, ...

Abstract	Sumac,
MeSH term(s)	Rhus ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Parkinson Disease/drug therapy ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Fibroblasts ; Macrophages ; Energy Metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V) ; Plant Extracts ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms232112774
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Article ; Online: PGC-1s in the Spotlight with Parkinson's Disease.

Piccinin, Elena / Sardanelli, Anna Maria / Seibel, Peter / Moschetta, Antonio / Cocco, Tiziana / Villani, Gaetano

International journal of molecular sciences

2021 Volume 22, Issue 7

Abstract: Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders worldwide, characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons mainly localized in ... ...

Abstract	Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders worldwide, characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons mainly localized in the
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Dopaminergic Neurons/metabolism ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2/metabolism ; Mice ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Organelle Biogenesis ; Oxidative Stress ; Parkinson Disease/metabolism ; Pars Compacta/metabolism ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/genetics ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Deglycase DJ-1/metabolism ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism ; Vesicular Transport Proteins/metabolism ; alpha-Synuclein/metabolism
Chemical Substances	CHCHD2 protein, human ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; PPARGC1A protein, human ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ; Transcription Factors ; VPS35 protein, human ; Vesicular Transport Proteins ; alpha-Synuclein ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27) ; parkin protein (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.-) ; LRRK2 protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2 (EC 2.7.11.1) ; PTEN-induced putative kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) ; PARK7 protein, human (EC 3.1.2.-) ; Protein Deglycase DJ-1 (EC 3.1.2.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms22073487
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Article ; Online: Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women with or without Obesity.

Leanza, Giulia / Conte, Caterina / Cannata, Francesca / Isgrò, Camilla / Piccoli, Alessandra / Strollo, Rocky / Quattrocchi, Carlo Cosimo / Papalia, Rocco / Denaro, Vincenzo / Maccarrone, Mauro / Napoli, Nicola / Sardanelli, Anna Maria

Cells

2023 Volume 12, Issue 8

Abstract: Oxidative stress, a key mediator of cardiovascular disease, metabolic alterations, and cancer, is independently associated with menopause and obesity. Yet, among postmenopausal women, the correlation between obesity and oxidative stress is poorly ... ...

Abstract	Oxidative stress, a key mediator of cardiovascular disease, metabolic alterations, and cancer, is independently associated with menopause and obesity. Yet, among postmenopausal women, the correlation between obesity and oxidative stress is poorly examined. Thus, in this study, we compared oxidative stress states in postmenopausal women with or without obesity. Body composition was assessed via DXA, while lipid peroxidation and total hydroperoxides were measured in patient's serum samples via thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and derivate-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) assays, respectively. Accordingly, 31 postmenopausal women were enrolled: 12 with obesity and 19 of normal weight (mean (SD) age 71.0 (5.7) years). Doubled levels of serum markers of oxidative stress were observed in women with obesity in women with obesity compared to those of normal weight (H
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Postmenopause ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Obesity/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Body Mass Index
Chemical Substances	Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells12081137
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Article ; Online: PGC-1s in the Spotlight with Parkinson’s Disease

Elena Piccinin / Anna Maria Sardanelli / Peter Seibel / Antonio Moschetta / Tiziana Cocco / Gaetano Villani

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 3487, p

2021 Volume 3487

Abstract: Parkinson’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders worldwide, characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons mainly localized in the substantia nigra pars compacta . In recent years, the detailed analyses of both ... ...

Abstract	Parkinson’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders worldwide, characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons mainly localized in the substantia nigra pars compacta . In recent years, the detailed analyses of both genetic and idiopathic forms of the disease have led to a better understanding of the molecular and cellular pathways involved in PD, pointing to the centrality of mitochondrial dysfunctions in the pathogenic process. Failure of mitochondrial quality control is now considered a hallmark of the disease. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 (PGC-1) family acts as a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Therefore, keeping PGC-1 level in a proper range is fundamental to guarantee functional neurons. Here we review the major findings that tightly bond PD and PGC-1s, raising important points that might lead to future investigations.
Keywords	PGC-1 ; coactivators ; neurodegenerative disease ; Parkinson’s disease ; mitochondria ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Rhus Coriaria L. Extract

Camilla Isgrò / Ludovica Spagnuolo / Elisa Pannucci / Luigi Mondello / Luca Santi / Laura Dugo / Anna Maria Sardanelli

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 12774, p

Antioxidant Effect and Modulation of Bioenergetic Capacity in Fibroblasts from Parkinson’s Disease Patients and THP-1 Macrophages

2022 Volume 12774

Abstract: Sumac, Rhus coriaria L., is a Mediterranean plant showing several useful properties, such as antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Currently, there is no evidence about its possible neuroprotective action in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We hypothesized ... ...

Abstract	Sumac, Rhus coriaria L., is a Mediterranean plant showing several useful properties, such as antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Currently, there is no evidence about its possible neuroprotective action in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We hypothesized that sumac could modulate mitochondrial functionality in fibroblasts of familial early-onset PD patients showing PARK2 mutations. Sumac extract volatile profile, polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity have been previously characterized. We evaluated ROS and ATP levels on sumac-treated patients’ and healthy control fibroblasts. In PD fibroblasts, all treatments were effective in reducing H 2 O 2 levels, while patients’ ATP content was modulated differently, probably due to the varying mutations in the PARK2 gene found in individual patients which are also involved in different mitochondrial phenotypes. We also investigated the effect of sumac extract on THP-1-differentiated macrophages, which show different embryogenic origin with respect to fibroblasts. In THP-1 macrophages, sumac treatment determined a reduction in H 2 O 2 levels and an increase in the mitochondrial ATP content in M1, assuming that sumac could polarize the M1 to M2 phenotype, as demonstrated with other food-derived compounds rich in polyphenols. In conclusion, Rhus coriaria L. extracts could represent a potential nutraceutical approach to PD.
Keywords	human fibroblasts ; early-onset Parkinson’s disease ; PARK2 ; parkin ; Rhus coriaria L ; antioxidant activity ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610 ; 616
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Identification of neutral and acidic glycosphingolipids in the human dermal fibroblasts.

Calvano, Cosima Damiana / Ventura, Giovanni / Sardanelli, Anna Maria / Losito, Ilario / Palmisano, Francesco / Cataldi, Tommaso R I

Analytical biochemistry

2019 Volume 581, Page(s) 113348

Abstract: Skin fibroblasts are recognized as a valuable model of primary human cells able of mirroring the chronological and biological aging. Here, a lipidomic study of glycosphingolipids (GSL) occurring in the easily accessible human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) is ... ...

Abstract	Skin fibroblasts are recognized as a valuable model of primary human cells able of mirroring the chronological and biological aging. Here, a lipidomic study of glycosphingolipids (GSL) occurring in the easily accessible human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) is presented. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography with negative electrospray ionization (RPLC-ESI) coupled to either orbitrap or linear ion-trap multiple-stage mass spectrometry was applied to characterize GSL in commercially adult and neonatal primary human fibroblast cells and in skin samples taken from an adult volunteer. Collision-induced dissociation in negative ion mode allowed us to get information on the monosaccharide number and ceramide composition, whereas tandem mass spectra on the ceramide anion was useful to identify the sphingoid base. Nearly sixty endogenous GSL species were successfully recognized, namely 33 hexosyl-ceramides (i.e., HexCer, Hex
MeSH term(s)	Acidic Glycosphingolipids/analysis ; Acidic Glycosphingolipids/metabolism ; Adult ; Cells, Cultured ; Dermis/cytology ; Dermis/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Neutral Glycosphingolipids/analysis ; Neutral Glycosphingolipids/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Acidic Glycosphingolipids ; Neutral Glycosphingolipids
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1110-1
ISSN	1096-0309 ; 0003-2697
ISSN (online)	1096-0309
ISSN	0003-2697
DOI	10.1016/j.ab.2019.113348
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