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  1. Article ; Online: Respiratory viral infections in the immunocompromised.

    Ison, Michael G

    Current opinion in pulmonary medicine

    2022  Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 205–210

    Abstract: Purpose of review: During much of the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 did not infect immunocompromised patients. As mitigation strategies lighten, there has been a rapid resurgence of respiratory viruses globally. This ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: During much of the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 did not infect immunocompromised patients. As mitigation strategies lighten, there has been a rapid resurgence of respiratory viruses globally. This review will summarize our current options for the management of the common respiratory viruses in transplant recipients.
    Recent findings: Expansion of the availability and increased utilization of multiplex molecular assays have allowed the recognition of the scope of respiratory virus infections in the transplant populations. New antivirals for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV) and adenovirus show promise to improve outcomes of these important infections.
    Summary: Several new antiviral agents, including combination therapy of oseltamivir as well as baloxavir for influenza, fusion and nucleoprotein inhibitors for RSV, DAS181 for PIV and brincidofovir for adenovirus, hold promise to speed clearance of the virus, improve clinical outcomes and reduce the risk of resistance emergence.
    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy ; Pandemics ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1285505-4
    ISSN 1531-6971 ; 1070-5287 ; 1078-1641
    ISSN (online) 1531-6971
    ISSN 1070-5287 ; 1078-1641
    DOI 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000858
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Transplant infectious disease: Renewing a home for TID research.

    Ison, Michael G

    Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society

    2021  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) e13760

    MeSH term(s) Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Transplants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-11
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1476094-0
    ISSN 1399-3062 ; 1398-2273
    ISSN (online) 1399-3062
    ISSN 1398-2273
    DOI 10.1111/tid.13760
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Systematic fungal biomarker or polymerase chain reaction testing in lung transplant recipients: Retrospective analysis to optimize their use.

    Boutin, Catherine-Audrey / Ison, Michael G

    Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 5, Page(s) e14136

    Abstract: Background: Among lung transplant recipients, serial bronchoscopies are performed frequently. Often, serial galactomannan (GM), 1,3-β-d-glucan (BDG), and Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJ) testing is performed with these broncho-alveolar lavages (BALs) as ... ...

    Abstract Background: Among lung transplant recipients, serial bronchoscopies are performed frequently. Often, serial galactomannan (GM), 1,3-β-d-glucan (BDG), and Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJ) testing is performed with these broncho-alveolar lavages (BALs) as standard of care with limited data to support their routine use.
    Methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, we retrospectively collected all blood and BAL GM, BDG, and PJ test results from January 2015 to July 20, 2022. Primary data collection from the Northwestern Medicine EDW was supplemented by manual chart review.
    Results: During the study period, 236 lung transplant recipients were cared for by our center. Of these patients, 217 (91.9%) had 1418 GM tests performed; 61 (4.3%) were positive (index ≥1). Fungal cultures were requested for most BAL-GM (90.7%). Out of duplicates in same BAL, results discrepancy was minimal (3.4%). 172 (72.9%) had BDG tests were performed; 25.6% were positive. Thirteen patients had multiple BDG during one hospitalization (mean 2.3 tests); none of the negative test repeated became positive. Eleven negative BDG were seen in patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA). Note that, 577 PJ testing were performed (direct fluorescent antibody [n = 494] or polymerase chain reaction [PCR] [n = 80], or both [n = 3]) in 174 different patients. None were positive.
    Conclusion: Despite supplemental GM, BDG, and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia PCR being performed routinely on lung transplant recipients undergoing BAL at our center, the data suggests a more tailored approach may be appropriate. There is no role for routine serial testing with these assays during a single hospitalization. BDG confers no added-value over GM with cultures for IA diagnosis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplant Recipients ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Lung ; Aspergillosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pneumocystis carinii/genetics ; Invasive Fungal Infections ; Biomarkers ; beta-Glucans ; Mannans
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; beta-Glucans ; Mannans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-22
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1476094-0
    ISSN 1399-3062 ; 1398-2273
    ISSN (online) 1399-3062
    ISSN 1398-2273
    DOI 10.1111/tid.14136
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Deceased donors with multidrug-resistant organisms: implications and future directions.

    Pouch, Stephanie M / Ison, Michael G

    Current opinion in organ transplantation

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 250–256

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Organ utilization from donors infected or colonized with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) remains inconsistent, and hesitancy to accept organs from these donors may relate to poor outcomes among solid organ transplant recipients ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Organ utilization from donors infected or colonized with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) remains inconsistent, and hesitancy to accept organs from these donors may relate to poor outcomes among solid organ transplant recipients with MDRO donor-derived infections (DDIs). An improved understanding of the risk factors for donor MDRO colonization or infection and the risk of MDRO DDI is needed to safely expand the donor pool while minimizing unnecessary organ discard.
    Recent findings: Recent studies have begun to delineate risk factors for MDRO acquisition among deceased donors and the epidemiology of MDRO DDIs, but additional efforts are warranted to inform optimal approaches to donor evaluation, risk stratification, management, interfacility and interagency data sharing, and approaches to recipient management.
    Summary: This review summaries recent data regarding risk factors for MDRO colonization and infection in deceased donors, epidemiology of MDRO DDIs, and current approaches to donors harboring MDROs and provides a framework for future research and collaboration.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Tissue Donors ; Transplant Recipients ; Risk Factors ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1390429-2
    ISSN 1531-7013 ; 1087-2418
    ISSN (online) 1531-7013
    ISSN 1087-2418
    DOI 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000991
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Letter to the Editor.

    Ison, Michael G / Hirsch, Hans H

    Transplantation

    2021  Volume 105, Issue 12, Page(s) e397

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 208424-7
    ISSN 1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
    ISSN (online) 1534-6080
    ISSN 0041-1337
    DOI 10.1097/TP.0000000000003853
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Utility of deceased donor cultures in solid organ transplantation in preventing donor-derived bacterial and fungal infectious diseases transmission.

    Boutin, Catherine-Audrey / Pouch, Stephanie M / Ison, Michael G

    Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) e14032

    Abstract: Deceased donor and organ perfusion fluid cultures are obtained in order to inform recipient antimicrobial management and therefore reduce the risk of donor-derived bacterial and fungal infections. However, important heterogeneity exists in laboratory ... ...

    Abstract Deceased donor and organ perfusion fluid cultures are obtained in order to inform recipient antimicrobial management and therefore reduce the risk of donor-derived bacterial and fungal infections. However, important heterogeneity exists in laboratory practice across organ procurement organizations and clinical management of culture results across transplant centers. While not standardized, the clinical approach to donors with positive bacterial and/or fungal cultures should be informed by the risk of donor-derived infection (DDI) and the consequence of organ non-utilization and account for potential unintended effects of antimicrobial use in the recipient. In this review, we summarize the literature on bacterial and fungal DDIs, describe the significance of positive cultures by anatomic site, and summarize current guidance on the management of positive cultures from donors or preservation fluids.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Organ Transplantation/adverse effects ; Tissue Donors ; Mycoses/prevention & control ; Bacteria ; Communicable Diseases
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-07
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1476094-0
    ISSN 1399-3062 ; 1398-2273
    ISSN (online) 1399-3062
    ISSN 1398-2273
    DOI 10.1111/tid.14032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Update on Covid-19: vaccines, timing of transplant after COVID-19 infection and use of positive donors.

    Boutin, Catherine-Audrey / Alamri, Maha / Ison, Michael G

    Current opinion in organ transplantation

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 2, Page(s) 76–84

    Abstract: Purpose of review: SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a global pandemic that had a chilling effect on transplantation early in the pandemic and continues to result in significant morbidity and mortality of transplant recipients. Over the past 2.5 years, our ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a global pandemic that had a chilling effect on transplantation early in the pandemic and continues to result in significant morbidity and mortality of transplant recipients. Over the past 2.5 years, our understanding of the clinical utility of vaccination and mAbs to prevent COVID-19 in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients has been studied. Likewise, approach to donors and candidates with SARS-CoV-2 has been better understood. This review will attempt to summarize our current understanding of these important COVID-19 topics.
    Recent findings: Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is effective in reducing the risk of severe disease and death among transplant patients. Unfortunately, humoral and, to a lesser extent, cellular immune response to existing COVID-19 vaccines is reduced in SOT recipients compared with healthy controls. Additional doses of vaccine are required to optimize protection of this population and still may be insufficient in those who are highly immunosuppressed, those receiving belatacept, rituximab and other B-cell active mAbs. Until recently, mAbs were options for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 but are markedly less effective with recent omicron variants. SARS-CoV-2-infected donors can generally be used for nonlung, nonsmall bowel transplants unless they have died of acute severe COVID-19 or COVID-19-associated clotting disorders.
    Summary: Our transplant recipients require a three-dose mRNA or adenovirus-vector and one dose of mRNA vaccine to be optimally protected initially; they then need to receive a bivalent booster 2+ months after completing their initial series. Most nonlung, nonsmall bowel donors with SARS-CoV-2 can be utilized as organ donors.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tissue Donors ; Vaccines ; Transplant Recipients ; Antibodies, Monoclonal
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines ; Antibodies, Monoclonal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1390429-2
    ISSN 1531-7013 ; 1087-2418
    ISSN (online) 1531-7013
    ISSN 1087-2418
    DOI 10.1097/MOT.0000000000001056
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Influenza in Transplant Recipients: Many Outstanding Questions Despite a Growing Body of Data.

    Ison, Michael G

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

    2018  Volume 67, Issue 9, Page(s) 1330–1332

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Prospective Studies ; Transplant Recipients ; Vaccination
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1099781-7
    ISSN 1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
    ISSN (online) 1537-6591
    ISSN 1058-4838
    DOI 10.1093/cid/ciy300
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Understanding the pharmacokinetics of Favipiravir: Implications for treatment of influenza and COVID-19.

    Ison, Michael G / Scheetz, Marc H

    EBioMedicine

    2021  Volume 63, Page(s) 103204

    MeSH term(s) Amides/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy ; Orthomyxoviridae/drug effects ; Pyrazines/therapeutic use ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Amides ; Antiviral Agents ; Pyrazines ; favipiravir (EW5GL2X7E0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2851331-9
    ISSN 2352-3964
    ISSN (online) 2352-3964
    DOI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103204
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in heart transplantation: What we do and do not know.

    Aslam, Saima / Ison, Michael G

    The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation

    2021  Volume 41, Issue 2, Page(s) 158–160

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Heart Transplantation ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1062522-7
    ISSN 1557-3117 ; 1053-2498
    ISSN (online) 1557-3117
    ISSN 1053-2498
    DOI 10.1016/j.healun.2021.10.017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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