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Article ; Online: Viral recognition and the antiviral interferon response.

Dalskov, Louise / Gad, Hans Henrik / Hartmann, Rune

2023 Volume 42, Issue 14, Page(s) e112907

Abstract: Interferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines that play a key role in the innate immune response to viral infections. In response to viral stimuli, cells produce and release interferons, which then act on neighboring cells to induce the transcription of ... ...

Abstract	Interferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines that play a key role in the innate immune response to viral infections. In response to viral stimuli, cells produce and release interferons, which then act on neighboring cells to induce the transcription of hundreds of genes. Many of these gene products either combat the viral infection directly, e.g., by interfering with viral replication, or help shape the following immune response. Here, we review how viral recognition leads to the production of different types of IFNs and how this production differs in spatial and temporal manners. We then continue to describe how these IFNs play different roles in the ensuing immune response depending on when and where they are produced or act during an infection.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Interferons ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/metabolism ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Immunity, Innate ; Cytokines ; Virus Diseases/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 ; Antiviral Agents ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	586044-1
ISSN	1460-2075 ; 0261-4189
ISSN (online)	1460-2075
ISSN	0261-4189
DOI	10.15252/embj.2022112907
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Article ; Online: Management of oral biofilms by nisin delivery in adhesive microdevices.

Birk, Stine Egebro / Mosgaard, Mette Dalskov / Kjeldsen, Rolf Bech / Boisen, Anja / Meyer, Rikke Louise / Nielsen, Line Hagner

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V

2021 Volume 167, Page(s) 83–88

Abstract: Numerous beneficial microbes thrive in the oral cavity where they form biofilms on dental and mucosal surfaces to get access to nutrients, and to avoid being carried away with the saliva. However, biofilm formation is also a virulence factor as it also ... ...

Abstract	Numerous beneficial microbes thrive in the oral cavity where they form biofilms on dental and mucosal surfaces to get access to nutrients, and to avoid being carried away with the saliva. However, biofilm formation is also a virulence factor as it also protects pathogenic bacteria, providing them with an environment for proliferation causing oral infections. Oral hygiene relies on mechanical removal of biofilms. Some oral care products also contain antimicrobials, but effective eradication of biofilms with antimicrobials requires both a high concentration and long exposure time. In the present communication, we investigate the potential of using miniaturized drug delivery devices, known as microcontainers (MCs), to deliver the antimicrobial peptide, nisin to an oral multi-species biofilm. MCs are loaded with nisin and X-ray micro-computed tomography reveals a full release of nisin through a chitosan lid within 15 min. Chitosan-coated MCs display substantial bioadhesion to the buccal mucosa compared to non-coated MCs (68.6 ± 14.3% vs 33.8 ± 5.2%). Confocal monitoring of multi-species biofilms reveals antibacterial effects of nisin-loaded chitosan-coated MCs with a faster onset (after 3 h) compared to solution-based delivery (after 9 h). Our study shows the potential of using MCs for treatment of multi-species oral biofilms and is encouraging for further design of drug delivery devices to treat oral diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Adhesives ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Chitosan/chemistry ; Drug Carriers/chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Liberation ; Humans ; Mouth Mucosa/metabolism ; Nisin/administration & dosage ; Nisin/chemistry ; Nisin/pharmacology ; Particle Size ; Swine ; X-Ray Microtomography
Chemical Substances	Adhesives ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Drug Carriers ; Nisin (1414-45-5) ; Chitosan (9012-76-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-22
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1065368-5
ISSN	1873-3441 ; 0939-6411
ISSN (online)	1873-3441
ISSN	0939-6411
DOI	10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.07.007
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 evades immune detection in alveolar macrophages.

Dalskov, Louise / Møhlenberg, Michelle / Thyrsted, Jacob / Blay-Cadanet, Julia / Poulsen, Ebbe Toftgaard / Folkersen, Birgitte Holst / Skaarup, Søren Helbo / Olagnier, David / Reinert, Line / Enghild, Jan Johannes / Hoffmann, Hans Jürgen / Holm, Christian Kanstrup / Hartmann, Rune

EMBO reports

2020 Volume 21, Issue 12, Page(s) e51252

Abstract: Respiratory infections, like the current COVID-19 pandemic, target epithelial cells in the respiratory tract. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are tissue-resident macrophages located within the lung. They play a key role in the early phases of an immune ... ...

Abstract	Respiratory infections, like the current COVID-19 pandemic, target epithelial cells in the respiratory tract. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are tissue-resident macrophages located within the lung. They play a key role in the early phases of an immune response to respiratory viruses. AMs are likely the first immune cells to encounter SARS-CoV-2 during an infection, and their reaction to the virus will have a profound impact on the outcome of the infection. Interferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines and among the first cytokines produced upon viral infection. In this study, AMs from non-infectious donors are challenged with SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrate that challenged AMs are incapable of sensing SARS-CoV-2 and of producing an IFN response in contrast to other respiratory viruses, like influenza A virus and Sendai virus, which trigger a robust IFN response. The absence of IFN production in AMs upon challenge with SARS-CoV-2 could explain the initial asymptotic phase observed during COVID-19 and argues against AMs being the sources of pro-inflammatory cytokines later during infection.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/immunology ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/virology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines/immunology ; Epithelial Cells/immunology ; Epithelial Cells/virology ; Humans ; Immune Evasion ; Interferon Type I/immunology ; Lung/immunology ; Lung/virology ; Macrophages, Alveolar/immunology ; Macrophages, Alveolar/virology ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Cytokines ; Interferon Type I
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2020896-0
ISSN	1469-3178 ; 1469-221X
ISSN (online)	1469-3178
ISSN	1469-221X
DOI	10.15252/embr.202051252
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Article ; Online: Two cGAS-like receptors induce antiviral immunity in Drosophila.

Holleufer, Andreas / Winther, Kasper Grønbjerg / Gad, Hans Henrik / Ai, Xianlong / Chen, Yuqiang / Li, Lihua / Wei, Ziming / Deng, Huimin / Liu, Jiyong / Frederiksen, Ninna Ahlmann / Simonsen, Bine / Andersen, Line Lykke / Kleigrewe, Karin / Dalskov, Louise / Pichlmair, Andreas / Cai, Hua / Imler, Jean-Luc / Hartmann, Rune

Nature

2021 Volume 597, Issue 7874, Page(s) 114–118

Abstract: In mammals, cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) produces the cyclic dinucleotide 2'3'-cGAMP in response to cytosolic DNA and this triggers an antiviral immune response. cGAS belongs to a large family of cGAS/DncV-like nucleotidyltransferases that is ... ...

Abstract	In mammals, cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) produces the cyclic dinucleotide 2'3'-cGAMP in response to cytosolic DNA and this triggers an antiviral immune response. cGAS belongs to a large family of cGAS/DncV-like nucleotidyltransferases that is present in both prokaryotes
MeSH term(s)	Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Drosophila Proteins/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/immunology ; Drosophila melanogaster/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/virology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/genetics ; Immunity, Innate/immunology ; Ligands ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Nucleotides, Cyclic/metabolism ; Nucleotidyltransferases/classification ; Nucleotidyltransferases/deficiency ; Nucleotidyltransferases/immunology ; Nucleotidyltransferases/metabolism ; RNA, Double-Stranded/analysis ; RNA, Double-Stranded/immunology ; RNA, Double-Stranded/metabolism ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/classification ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/deficiency ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/immunology ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/metabolism ; Viruses/immunology
Chemical Substances	Drosophila Proteins ; Ligands ; Membrane Proteins ; NF-kappa B ; Nucleotides, Cyclic ; RNA, Double-Stranded ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition ; STING1 protein, human ; Sting protein, Drosophila ; cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate ; Nucleotidyltransferases (EC 2.7.7.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/s41586-021-03800-z
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Article ; Online: Characterization of distinct molecular interactions responsible for IRF3 and IRF7 phosphorylation and subsequent dimerization.

Dalskov, Louise / Narita, Ryo / Andersen, Line L / Jensen, Nanna / Assil, Sonia / Kristensen, Kennith H / Mikkelsen, Jacob G / Fujita, Takashi / Mogensen, Trine H / Paludan, Søren R / Hartmann, Rune

Nucleic acids research

2020 Volume 48, Issue 20, Page(s) 11421–11433

Abstract: IRF3 and IRF7 are critical transcription factors in the innate immune response. Their activation is controlled by phosphorylation events, leading to the formation of homodimers that are transcriptionally active. Phosphorylation occurs when IRF3 is ... ...

Abstract	IRF3 and IRF7 are critical transcription factors in the innate immune response. Their activation is controlled by phosphorylation events, leading to the formation of homodimers that are transcriptionally active. Phosphorylation occurs when IRF3 is recruited to adaptor proteins via a positively charged surface within the regulatory domain of IRF3. This positively charged surface also plays a crucial role in forming the active homodimer by interacting with the phosphorylated sites stabilizing the homodimer. Here, we describe a distinct molecular interaction that is responsible for adaptor docking and hence phosphorylation as well as a separate interaction responsible for the formation of active homodimer. We then demonstrate that IRF7 can be activated by both MAVS and STING in a manner highly similar to that of IRF3 but with one key difference. Regulation of IRF7 appears more tightly controlled; while a single phosphorylation event is sufficient to activate IRF3, at least two phosphorylation events are required for IRF7 activation.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/chemistry ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Dimerization ; Genes, Reporter ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/chemistry ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/genetics ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/metabolism ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7/genetics ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding/genetics ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Signal Transduction/immunology ; NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
Chemical Substances	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; IRF3 protein, human ; IRF7 protein, human ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7 ; MAVS protein, human ; Membrane Proteins ; STING1 protein, human ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	186809-3
ISSN	1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
ISSN (online)	1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
ISSN	0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
DOI	10.1093/nar/gkaa873
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Article ; Online: Introducing the "hip call" to facilitate early surgical treatment of hip fractures: A feasibility study.

Jensen, Thomas G / Vinstrup, Louise Ø / Dalskov, Simone / Aasbrenn, Martin / Palm, Henrik / Rugolo, Søren A / Vendelø, Merete T / Dollerup, Signe / Eriksen, Sine A N / Lunn, Troels H

Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica

2020 Volume 64, Issue 8, Page(s) 1202–1209

Abstract: Introduction: Surgical treatment of hip fractures within 24-48 hours decreases morbidity and mortality, but goals for early surgery have not been widely achieved so far. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of implementation ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Surgical treatment of hip fractures within 24-48 hours decreases morbidity and mortality, but goals for early surgery have not been widely achieved so far. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of implementation of a hip call, and the secondary aim was to investigate the effect of the hip call on time for pre-operative preparation and surgery compared to a historical control cohort. Materials and methods: From March 4, 2019 until June 30, 2019, admission of patients at Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Denmark, with a suspected hip fracture triggered an acute hip call. Key personnel are summoned to secure rapid pre-operative preparation and surgery. The implementation was defined feasible, if ≥ 75% of the patients were ready for surgery within 4 hours and had surgery initiated within 24 hours of hospital arrival. The historical control cohort was patients with hip fractures in the same period in 2018. Results: A total of 128 patients were included in 2019, and 99 in 2018. After implementation of hip call, 83% of patients were ready for surgery within 4 hours. After vs before hip call, 88% vs 51% were operated within 24 hours and 96% vs 79% within 36 hours. Time from admission to surgery (hh:mm) was reduced by mean 10:33 (CI 07:46-13:20), P < .001. Conclusion: The implementation of a hip call was feasible with 83% of patients being ready for surgery within 4 hours, and 88% being operated within 24 hours. Future large-scale studies should clarify potential benefits on clinical outcome.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cohort Studies ; Denmark ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Hip Fractures/surgery ; Humans ; Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control ; Prospective Studies ; Time-to-Treatment/statistics & numerical data
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80002-8
ISSN	1399-6576 ; 0001-5172
ISSN (online)	1399-6576
ISSN	0001-5172
DOI	10.1111/aas.13615
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Article: SARS-CoV-2 evades immune detection in alveolar macrophages

EMBO Rep

Abstract	Respiratory infections, like the current COVID-19 pandemic, target epithelial cells in the respiratory tract. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are tissue-resident macrophages located within the lung. They play a key role in the early phases of an immune response to respiratory viruses. AMs are likely the first immune cells to encounter SARS-CoV-2 during an infection, and their reaction to the virus will have a profound impact on the outcome of the infection. Interferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines and among the first cytokines produced upon viral infection. In this study, AMs from non-infectious donors are challenged with SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrate that challenged AMs are incapable of sensing SARS-CoV-2 and of producing an IFN response in contrast to other respiratory viruses, like influenza A virus and Sendai virus, which trigger a robust IFN response. The absence of IFN production in AMs upon challenge with SARS-CoV-2 could explain the initial asymptotic phase observed during COVID-19 and argues against AMs being the sources of pro-inflammatory cytokines later during infection.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #895751
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 evades immune detection in alveolar macrophages

Dalskov , L , Møhlenberg , M , Thyrsted , J , Blay-Cadanet , J , Poulsen , E T , Folkersen , B H , Skaarup , S H , Olagnier , D , Reinert , L , Enghild , J J , Hoffmann , H J , Holm , C K & Hartmann , R 2020 , ' SARS-CoV-2 evades immune detection in alveolar macrophages ' , EMBO Reports , pp. e51252 . https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.202051252

2020

Abstract	Respiratory infections, like the current COVID-19 pandemic, target epithelial cells in the respiratory tract. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are tissue-resident macrophages located within the lung. They play a key role in the early phases of an immune response to respiratory viruses. AMs are likely the first immune cells to encounter SARS-CoV-2 during an infection, and their reaction to the virus will have a profound impact on the outcome of the infection. Interferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines and among the first cytokines produced upon viral infection. In this study, AMs from non-infectious donors are challenged with SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrate that challenged AMs are incapable of sensing SARS-CoV-2 and of producing an IFN response in contrast to other respiratory viruses, like influenza A virus and Sendai virus, which trigger a robust IFN response. The absence of IFN production in AMs upon challenge with SARS-CoV-2 could explain the initial asymptotic phase observed during COVID-19 and argues against AMs being the sources of pro-inflammatory cytokines later during infection.
Keywords	covid19
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-28
Publishing country	dk
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Vitamin D status and its determinants during autumn in children at northern latitudes: a cross-sectional analysis from the optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet (OPUS) School Meal Study.

Petersen, Rikke A / Damsgaard, Camilla T / Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde / Sørensen, Louise B / Hjorth, Mads F / Ritz, Christian / Kjølbæk, Louise / Andersen, Rikke / Tetens, Inge / Krarup, Henrik / Astrup, Arne / Michaelsen, Kim F / Mølgaard, Christian

The British journal of nutrition

2016 Volume 115, Issue 2, Page(s) 239–250

Abstract: Sufficient summer/autumn vitamin D status appears important to mitigate winter nadirs at northern latitudes. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate autumn vitamin D status and its determinants in 782 Danish 8-11-year-old children (55°N) using ... ...

Abstract	Sufficient summer/autumn vitamin D status appears important to mitigate winter nadirs at northern latitudes. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate autumn vitamin D status and its determinants in 782 Danish 8-11-year-old children (55°N) using baseline data from the Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet (OPUS) School Meal Study, a large randomised controlled trial. Blood samples and demographic and behavioural data, including 7-d dietary recordings, objectively measured physical activity, and time spent outdoors during school hours, were collected during September-November. Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was 60·8 (sd 18·7) nmol/l. Serum 25(OH)D levels ≤50 nmol/l were found in 28·4 % of the children and 2·4 % had concentrations <25 nmol/l. Upon multivariate adjustment, increasing age (per year) (β -2·9; 95 % CI -5·1, -0·7 nmol/l), female sex (β -3·3; 95 % CI -5·9, -0·7 nmol/l), sampling in October (β -5·2; 95 % CI -10·1, -0·4 nmol/l) and November (β -13·3; 95 % CI -17·7, -9·1), and non-white ethnicity (β -5·7; 95 % CI -11·1, -0·3 nmol/l) were negatively associated with 25(OH)D (all P<0·05). Likewise, immigrant/descendant background was negatively associated with 25(OH)D, particularly in females (β -16·3; 95 % CI -21·9, -10·7) (P<0·001) (P interaction=0·003). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (min/d) (β 0·06; 95 % CI 0·01, 0·12), outdoor walking during school hours (min/week) (β 0·4; 95 % CI 0·1, 0·6) and intake of vitamin D-containing supplements ≥3 d/week (β 8·7; 95 % CI 6·4, 11·0) were positively associated with 25(OH)D (all P<0·05). The high proportion of children with vitamin D status below the recommended sufficiency level of 50 nmol/l raises concern as levels expectedly drop further during winter months. Frequent intake of vitamin D supplements was strongly associated with status. MVPA and outdoor activity during school hours should be investigated further in interventions to improve autumn vitamin D status in children at northern latitudes.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Animals ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Denmark/epidemiology ; Diet ; Dietary Supplements ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Fishes ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Nutritional Status ; Puberty ; Schools ; Seasons ; Sex Factors ; Sunlight ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage ; Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives ; Vitamin D/blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency/blood
Chemical Substances	Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; 25-hydroxyvitamin D (A288AR3C9H)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-01-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	280396-3
ISSN	1475-2662 ; 0007-1145
ISSN (online)	1475-2662
ISSN	0007-1145
DOI	10.1017/S000711451500433X
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Article ; Online: The effects of Nordic school meals on concentration and school performance in 8- to 11-year-old children in the OPUS School Meal Study: a cluster-randomised, controlled, cross-over trial.

Sørensen, Louise B / Dyssegaard, Camilla B / Damsgaard, Camilla T / Petersen, Rikke A / Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde / Hjorth, Mads F / Andersen, Rikke / Tetens, Inge / Ritz, Christian / Astrup, Arne / Lauritzen, Lotte / Michaelsen, Kim F / Egelund, Niels

The British journal of nutrition

2015 Volume 113, Issue 8, Page(s) 1280–1291

Abstract: It is widely assumed that nutrition can improve school performance in children; however, evidence remains limited and inconclusive. In the present study, we investigated whether serving healthy school meals influenced concentration and school performance ...

Abstract	It is widely assumed that nutrition can improve school performance in children; however, evidence remains limited and inconclusive. In the present study, we investigated whether serving healthy school meals influenced concentration and school performance of 8- to 11-year-old Danish children. The OPUS (Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet) School Meal Study was a cluster-randomised, controlled, cross-over trial comparing a healthy school meal programme with the usual packed lunch from home (control) each for 3 months (NCT 01457794). The d2 test of attention, the Learning Rating Scale (LRS) and standard tests on reading and mathematics proficiency were administered at baseline and at the end of each study period. Intervention effects were evaluated using hierarchical mixed models. The school meal intervention did not influence concentration performance (CP; primary outcome, n 693) or processing speed; however, the decrease in error percentage was 0·18 points smaller (P<0·001) in the intervention period than in the control period (medians: baseline 2·03%; intervention 1·46%; control 1·37%). In contrast, the intervention increased reading speed (0·7 sentence, P=0·009) and the number of correct sentences (1·8 sentences, P<0·001), which corresponded to 11 and 25%, respectively, of the effect of one school year. The percentage of correct sentences also improved (P<0·001), indicating that the number correct improved relatively more than reading speed. There was no effect on overall math performance or outcomes from the LRS. In conclusion, school meals did not affect CP, but improved reading performance, which is a complex cognitive activity that involves inference, and increased errors related to impulsivity and inattention. These findings are worth examining in future trials.
MeSH term(s)	Achievement ; Anthropometry ; Attention ; Child ; Cluster Analysis ; Cross-Over Studies ; Denmark ; Diet ; Female ; Food Services ; Humans ; Learning ; Male ; Mathematics ; Meals ; Models, Statistical ; Nutritional Sciences ; Reading ; Reproducibility of Results ; Schools ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-04-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	280396-3
ISSN	1475-2662 ; 0007-1145
ISSN (online)	1475-2662
ISSN	0007-1145
DOI	10.1017/S0007114515000033
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Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito