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Article: Qing Hua Chang Yin alleviates chronic colitis of mice by protecting intestinal barrier function and improving colonic microflora.

Han, Yuying / Liu, Liya / Chen, Youqin / Zheng, Huifang / Yao, Mengying / Cao, Liujing / Sferra, Thomas J / Ke, Xiao / Peng, Jun / Shen, Aling

Frontiers in pharmacology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1176579

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587355-6
ISSN	1663-9812
ISSN	1663-9812
DOI	10.3389/fphar.2023.1176579
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Ruan Jian Qing Mai's Formula Promotes Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration and Proliferation.

Zong, Yuan / Zhang, Yongkang / Xv, Yongcheng / Fang, Yudong / Zhao, Cheng / Wang, Yuzhen / Cao, Yemin

Alternative therapies in health and medicine

2023 Volume 29, Issue 8, Page(s) 172–177

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the response of (BM-MSCs) to the Ruan Jian Qing Mai formula (RJQM ...

Abstract	Objective: To investigate the response of (BM-MSCs) to the Ruan Jian Qing Mai formula (RJQM) in the treatment of atherosclerotic occlusion (ASO), and consequently promoting the development of collateral circulation and angiogenesis. Method: 35 male rats were randomly assigned to 6 experimental groups and A control group. 0.9% NaCl solution and 2.7, 5.4, 10.8, 16.2, 21.6, and 27 g × kg-1 × d-1 of RJQM formula were gavaged to the experimental groups twice a day for 8 days. After the last administration, medicated serum was prepared from the blood collected from the abdominal aorta. The human BM-MSCs were divided into an experimental group and a control group. A blank group of cells was added with a complete medium without rat serum; an experimental group of cells was added with the prepared drug-containing serum. Under hypoxic conditions, the drug-containing serum was used to treat BM-MSCs and/or endothelial cells of human umbilical vein (HUVECs). A Cell counting kit (CCK8) was used to detect cell proliferation. Western blot (WB) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to identify related genes expression. Results: The results of this study showed that the purity of the BM-MSCs was >95%. The drug-containing serum significantly rise in CCND1 expression (encoding cyclin D1) and MYC, especially when the concentration of medicated serum was 10.8 g × kg-1 × d-1. Treatment of either BM-MSCs or HUVECs alone or both with medicated serum aids in the spread of mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow to HUVECs. qPCR results showed that the mRNA expression of CCL2, CCL3, CCL25, IL8, IGF1, and PDGFB increased dramatically after treatment with medicated serum. The expression of the corresponding receptors for these up-regulated chemokines was detected in BM-MSCs, and it was found that CXCR1, CXCR4, CXCR7, and PDGFRB were up-regulated. Conclusion: This study provides a preliminary understanding of the mechanism of RJQM in the treatment of ASO.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Animals ; Endothelial Cells ; Bone Marrow ; Cell Proliferation ; Signal Transduction ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1225073-9
ISSN	1078-6791
ISSN	1078-6791
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Article: Ruan Jian Qing Mai Recipe Inhibits the Inflammatory Response in Acute Lower Limb Ischemic Mice through the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway.

Zhu, Di / Jia, Chenglin / Cai, Tongkai / Li, Jiacheng / Feng, Xia / Chen, Nan / Zhao, Cheng / Wang, Yuzhen / Cao, Yongbing / Cao, Yemin

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 2481022

Abstract: Ruan jian qing mai recipe (RJQM) is an empirical prescription for treating ...

Abstract	Ruan jian qing mai recipe (RJQM) is an empirical prescription for treating arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). However, the mechanism of RJQM recipe-mediated ASO attenuation has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mechanism by which the RJQM recipe relieves ASO in a mouse model of lower limb ischemia, which was established by ligating and breaking the femoral artery of the left lower limb. The surgical groups were divided into the ischemic group, beraprost sodium group, low-dose RJQM group, medium-dose RJQM group, and high-dose RJQM group. Normal mice were set as the control group. The blood flow of the lower limb was examined on days 7 and 14. At the end of animal procedures, blood samples were collected, and the rectus femoris of the left lower limb were harvested. Results revealed that mice in the ischemic group demonstrated low blood flow. Additionally, hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson staining results showed that inflammation of the rectus femoris was obvious in the ischemia group, and the level of fibrosis was increased. Blood flow was recovered in all treatment groups compared to the ischemic group, and the inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis of the rectus femoris were relieved after RJQM treatment. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-21 were decreased, and the expression of JAK2/STAT3 proteins was inhibited in all RJQM treatment groups compared to the ischemia group. Furthermore, the improvement of IL-17A, IL-21, and rectus femoris fibrosis was more obvious with increasing treatment time. In conclusion, RJQM can effectively alleviate ASO and promote the recovery of lower limb blood flow by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to reduce the inflammatory response.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2171158-6
ISSN	1741-4288 ; 1741-427X
ISSN (online)	1741-4288
ISSN	1741-427X
DOI	10.1155/2022/2481022
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Article ; Online: Effect of the Ruan Jian Qing Mai Recipe on Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice and Prediction of its Potential Targets.

Zhang, Pei / Wang, Zefeng / Shi, Yongjia / Yao, Guangtao / Cao, Yemin / Zhang, Jiange

Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening

2022 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 392–409

Abstract: Background: The "Ruan Jian Qing Mai (RJQM) recipe" is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM ...

Abstract	Background: The "Ruan Jian Qing Mai (RJQM) recipe" is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has been found to have significant curative effects on diabetic ulcers in the clinic for a long time. Previous research has shown that RJQM can improve diabetic skin wound healing and promote angiogenesis. However, the active ingredients of the RJQM recipe and its pharmacological mechanism of treatment for diabetic skin wound healing still remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the effect of the RJQM recipe on diabetic wound healing, and to identify the possible active ingredients and their mechanism. Methods: First, a skin injury model was established in diabetic mice, and wound healing was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and western blot analysis. Second, the chemical constituents of the RJQM recipe were analyzed and identified by ultra pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Finally, the possible targets of drug treatment for diabetic skin injury were analyzed by network pharmacology and verified by in vitro experiments using cell culture. Results: (1) In the full-thickness skin injury model, the skin wound healing rate and healing area were significantly increased in mice treated with the RJQM recipe compared with those of the model group. The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that the RJQM recipe could increase the expression of VEGF protein and promote the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and the formation of microvessels, and RT-qPCR results found that the mRNA expression of angiogenesis-related factors in the RJQM recipe group was significantly higher than that in the model group. (2) A total of 25 compounds were identified by UPLC-MS. (3) According to the results of network pharmacology, the therapeutic effect of the RJQM recipe on diabetic skin injury may be related to S6 (quercetin), S1 (typhaneoside), S18 (isoliquiritigenin), protein kinase B-α (Akt1), phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1), insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF1R), vascular endothelial growth factor-a (VEGF-a), signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathways. Based on the predictions by network pharmacology, we proved that the drug could treat diabetic skin damage by activating the PI3K-Akt-VEGF signaling pathway. Conclusion: The RJQM recipe promotes the formation of granulation tissue during the process of wound healing and exerts a good therapeutic effect on diabetic skin wound healing.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Wound Healing
Chemical Substances	Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-19
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2064785-2
ISSN	1875-5402 ; 1386-2073
ISSN (online)	1875-5402
ISSN	1386-2073
DOI	10.2174/1386207325666220418095316
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Article ; Online: Plastome structure, phylogenomics and evolution of plastid genes in Swertia (Gentianaceae) in the Qing-Tibetan Plateau.

Cao, Qian / Gao, Qingbo / Ma, Xiaolei / Zhang, Faqi / Xing, Rui / Chi, Xiaofeng / Chen, Shilong

BMC plant biology

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 195

Abstract: Background: The genus Swertia is of great medicinal importance and one of the most taxonomically challenging taxa within Gentianaceae, largely due to the morphological similarities of species within this genus and with its closely related genera. ... ...

Abstract	Background: The genus Swertia is of great medicinal importance and one of the most taxonomically challenging taxa within Gentianaceae, largely due to the morphological similarities of species within this genus and with its closely related genera. Previous molecular studies confirmed its polyphyly but suffered from low phylogenetic resolutions because only limited sequence loci were used. Thus, we conducted the structural, gene evolutionary, and phylogenetic analyses of 11 newly obtained plastomes of Swertia. Our result greatly improved the phylogenetic resolutions in Swertia, shed new light on the plastome evolution and phylogenetic relationships of this genus. Results: The 11 Swertia plastomes together with the published seven species proved highly similar in overall size, structure, gene order, and content, but revealed some structural variations caused by the expansion and contraction of the IRb region into the LSC region, due to the heterogeneous length of the ψycf1. The gene rps16 was found to be in a state flux with pseudogenes or completely lost. Similar situation was also documented in other genera of Gentianaceae. This might imply loss of the gene in the common ancestor of Gentianaceae. The distribution plot of ENC vs. GC3 showed all these plastomes arranging very close in the Wright line with an expected ENC value (49-52%), suggesting the codon usage of Swertia was mainly constrained by a GC mutation bias. Most of the genes remained under the purifying selection, however, the cemA was identified under positive selection, possibly reflecting an adaptive response to low CO Conclusions: Our study confirmed the polyphyly of Swertia and demonstrated the power of plastome phylogenomics in improvement of phylogenetic resolution, thus contributing to a better understanding of the evolutionary history of Swertia.
MeSH term(s)	Evolution, Molecular ; Genome, Plastid ; Gentianaceae/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Plastids/genetics ; Swertia ; Tibet
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2059868-3
ISSN	1471-2229 ; 1471-2229
ISSN (online)	1471-2229
ISSN	1471-2229
DOI	10.1186/s12870-022-03577-x
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Article ; Online: Investigating material basis and molecular mechanism of Qing Cuo formula in the treatment of acne based on animal experiments, UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and network pharmacology.

Cao, Yanqi / Liang, Jinfeng / Wang, Chunguo / Bao, Xuejie / Li, Siqi / Liu, Qi / Zeng, Bin / Lopez, David Humberto / Yu, Ruoxi

Pharmaceutical biology

2023 Volume 61, Issue 1, Page(s) 973–985

Abstract: Context: Qing Cuo Formula (QCF) is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne ...

Abstract	Context: Qing Cuo Formula (QCF) is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne, but its active compounds and molecular mechanisms are unclear. Objective: To investigate the material basis and molecular mechanism of QCF. Materials and methods: In vivo Results: Low-dose QCF group (11.4 g/kg/day) showed significantly reduced levels of serum T (4.94 ± 0.36; 5.51 ± 0.36 ng/mL), DHT (6.67 ± 0.61; 8.09 ± 0.59 nmol/L), E2 (209.01 ± 20.92; 237.08 ± 13.94 pg/mL), IL-1α (36.84 ± 3.23; 44.07 ± 4.00 pg/mL) and FFA (128.32 ± 10.94; 148.00 ± 12.12 µmol/L) compared to the blank group ( Conclusions: This study provides evidence of the molecular mechanism and material basis of QCF in treating androgen-related damp-heat acne, paving the way for further research on its potential in treating other conditions related to damp-heat constitution.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Animals ; Cricetinae ; Animal Experimentation ; Androgens ; Network Pharmacology ; Copper
Chemical Substances	cupric oxide (V1XJQ704R4) ; Androgens ; Copper (789U1901C5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1440131-9
ISSN	1744-5116 ; 1388-0209
ISSN (online)	1744-5116
ISSN	1388-0209
DOI	10.1080/13880209.2023.2225546
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Article ; Online: Ruan Jian Qing Mai Recipe Inhibits the Inflammatory Response in Acute Lower Limb Ischemic Mice through the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway

Di Zhu / Chenglin Jia / Tongkai Cai / Jiacheng Li / Xia Feng / Nan Chen / Cheng Zhao / Yuzhen Wang / Yongbing Cao / Yemin Cao

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol

2022 Volume 2022

Abstract: Ruan jian qing mai recipe (RJQM) is an empirical prescription for treating ...

Abstract	Ruan jian qing mai recipe (RJQM) is an empirical prescription for treating arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). However, the mechanism of RJQM recipe-mediated ASO attenuation has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mechanism by which the RJQM recipe relieves ASO in a mouse model of lower limb ischemia, which was established by ligating and breaking the femoral artery of the left lower limb. The surgical groups were divided into the ischemic group, beraprost sodium group, low-dose RJQM group, medium-dose RJQM group, and high-dose RJQM group. Normal mice were set as the control group. The blood flow of the lower limb was examined on days 7 and 14. At the end of animal procedures, blood samples were collected, and the rectus femoris of the left lower limb were harvested. Results revealed that mice in the ischemic group demonstrated low blood flow. Additionally, hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson staining results showed that inflammation of the rectus femoris was obvious in the ischemia group, and the level of fibrosis was increased. Blood flow was recovered in all treatment groups compared to the ischemic group, and the inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis of the rectus femoris were relieved after RJQM treatment. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-21 were decreased, and the expression of JAK2/STAT3 proteins was inhibited in all RJQM treatment groups compared to the ischemia group. Furthermore, the improvement of IL-17A, IL-21, and rectus femoris fibrosis was more obvious with increasing treatment time. In conclusion, RJQM can effectively alleviate ASO and promote the recovery of lower limb blood flow by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to reduce the inflammatory response.
Keywords	Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Plastome structure, phylogenomics and evolution of plastid genes in Swertia (Gentianaceae) in the Qing-Tibetan Plateau

Cao, Qian / Gao, Qingbo / Ma, Xiaolei / Zhang, Faqi / Xing, Rui / Chi, Xiaofeng / Chen, Shilong

BMC Plant Biol. 2022 Dec., v. 22, no. 1 p.195-195

2022

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The genus Swertia is of great medicinal importance and one of the most taxonomically challenging taxa within Gentianaceae, largely due to the morphological similarities of species within this genus and with its closely related genera. ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: The genus Swertia is of great medicinal importance and one of the most taxonomically challenging taxa within Gentianaceae, largely due to the morphological similarities of species within this genus and with its closely related genera. Previous molecular studies confirmed its polyphyly but suffered from low phylogenetic resolutions because only limited sequence loci were used. Thus, we conducted the structural, gene evolutionary, and phylogenetic analyses of 11 newly obtained plastomes of Swertia. Our result greatly improved the phylogenetic resolutions in Swertia, shed new light on the plastome evolution and phylogenetic relationships of this genus. RESULTS: The 11 Swertia plastomes together with the published seven species proved highly similar in overall size, structure, gene order, and content, but revealed some structural variations caused by the expansion and contraction of the IRb region into the LSC region, due to the heterogeneous length of the ψycf1. The gene rps16 was found to be in a state flux with pseudogenes or completely lost. Similar situation was also documented in other genera of Gentianaceae. This might imply loss of the gene in the common ancestor of Gentianaceae. The distribution plot of ENC vs. GC3 showed all these plastomes arranging very close in the Wright line with an expected ENC value (49–52%), suggesting the codon usage of Swertia was mainly constrained by a GC mutation bias. Most of the genes remained under the purifying selection, however, the cemA was identified under positive selection, possibly reflecting an adaptive response to low CO₂ atmospheric conditions during the Late Miocene. Our phylogenomic analyses, based on 74 protein-coding genes (CDS), supported the polyphyly of Swertia with its close allies in the subtribe Swertiinae, presumably due to recent rapid radiation. The topology inferred from our phylogenetic analyses partly supported the current taxonomic treatment. Finally, several highly variable loci were identified, which can be used in future phylogenetic studies and accurate identification of medicinal genuineness of Swertia. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed the polyphyly of Swertia and demonstrated the power of plastome phylogenomics in improvement of phylogenetic resolution, thus contributing to a better understanding of the evolutionary history of Swertia.
Keywords	Miocene epoch ; Swertia ; ancestry ; carbon dioxide ; codon usage ; gene order ; mutation ; polyphyly ; pseudogenes ; topology
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-12
Size	p. 195.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2059868-3
ISSN	1471-2229
ISSN	1471-2229
DOI	10.1186/s12870-022-03577-x
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Protection against peripheral artery disease injury by Ruan Jian Qing Mai formula via metabolic programming.

Chen, Jian / Liang, Zhi-Qiang / Hu, Can / Gao, Yuan / Wang, Yong-Kui / Yang, Jiang-Wei / Zhao, Cheng / Cao, Ye-Min / Cao, Yong-Bing

Biotechnology and applied biochemistry

2020 Volume 68, Issue 2, Page(s) 366–380

Abstract: Ruan Jian Qing Mai formula (RJQM), a multicomponent herbal formula, has been widely used to treat ...

Abstract	Ruan Jian Qing Mai formula (RJQM), a multicomponent herbal formula, has been widely used to treat peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in China. However, its active compounds and mechanisms of action are still unknown. First, RNA sequencing analysis of 15 healthy and 16 PAD samples showed that 524 PAD differential genes were significantly enriched in Go Ontology (ribonucleotide metabolic process, oxidoreductase complex, and electron transfer activity), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and GSEA pathways (OXPHOS and TCA cycle), miRNA (MIR183), and kinase (PAK6). Fifty-three active ingredients in RJQM had similar structures to the seven drug molecules in CLUE. Then, network topology analysis of the 53 components-target-pathway-disease network yielded 10 active ingredients. Finally, computational toxicity estimations showed that the median lethal dose (LD50) of the 10 active ingredients was above 1000 mg/kg, and eight of them did not cause hepatotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, cytotoxicity, and immunotoxicity nor activate 12 toxic pathways. In conclusion, RJQM has a protection effect on PAD by regulating a complex molecular network. Part of the mechanism is associated with the regulation of OXPHOS by 10 active components, which may alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and pathological metabolic programming.
MeSH term(s)	Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Humans ; Peripheral Arterial Disease/genetics ; Peripheral Arterial Disease/metabolism ; Peripheral Arterial Disease/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	883433-7
ISSN	1470-8744 ; 0885-4513
ISSN (online)	1470-8744
ISSN	0885-4513
DOI	10.1002/bab.1934
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Article ; Online: Investigating material basis and molecular mechanism of Qing Cuo formula in the treatment of acne based on animal experiments, UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and network pharmacology

Yanqi Cao / Jinfeng Liang / Chunguo Wang / Xuejie Bao / Siqi Li / Qi Liu / Bin Zeng / David Humberto Lopez / Ruoxi Yu

Pharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 973-

2023 Volume 985

Abstract: AbstractContext Qing Cuo Formula (QCF) is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne ...

Abstract	AbstractContext Qing Cuo Formula (QCF) is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne, but its active compounds and molecular mechanisms are unclear.Objective To investigate the material basis and molecular mechanism of QCF.Materials and methods In vivo experiments were conducted on 60 male golden hamsters with damp-heat acne, with a blank group, a spironolactone group and 3 QCF administration groups (given high, medium and low doses) over a 30-day period. Serum androgen and inflammatory cytokine levels were tested by ELISA. In vitro, chemical compositions of QCF were investigated by UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS. Network pharmacology approaches were used to analyse the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and QCF active compounds-intersection targets-acne network. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis was conducted subsequently.Results Low-dose QCF group (11.4 g/kg/day) showed significantly reduced levels of serum T (4.94 ± 0.36; 5.51 ± 0.36 ng/mL), DHT (6.67 ± 0.61; 8.09 ± 0.59 nmol/L), E2 (209.01 ± 20.92; 237.08 ± 13.94 pg/mL), IL-1α (36.84 ± 3.23; 44.07 ± 4.00 pg/mL) and FFA (128.32 ± 10.94; 148.00 ± 12.12 µmol/L) compared to the blank group (p < 0.05). In vitro experiments identified 75 compounds in QCF decoction, with 27 active compounds absorbed in serum. Network pharmacology identified 6 active components connecting 17 targets. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that QCF’s anti-acne targets mainly regulate extracellular matrix function, inflammatory processes, immune response and endocrine function.Conclusions This study provides evidence of the molecular mechanism and material basis of QCF in treating androgen-related damp-heat acne, paving the way for further research on its potential in treating other conditions related to damp-heat constitution.
Keywords	TCM formula ; pharmacological effect ; serum medicinal chemistry ; androgens ; inflammatory cytokines ; TCM constitution ; Therapeutics. Pharmacology ; RM1-950
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article ; Online
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