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  1. Article ; Online: The aging tumor metabolic microenvironment.

    Pilley, Steven E / Esparza, Edgar / Mullen, Peter J

    Current opinion in biotechnology

    2023  Volume 84, Page(s) 102995

    Abstract: Despite the higher incidence of cancer with increasing age, few preclinical or clinical studies incorporate age. This, coupled with an aging world population, requires that we improve our understanding of how aging affects cancer development, progression, ...

    Abstract Despite the higher incidence of cancer with increasing age, few preclinical or clinical studies incorporate age. This, coupled with an aging world population, requires that we improve our understanding of how aging affects cancer development, progression, and treatment. One key area will be how the tumor microenvironment (TME) changes with age. Metabolite levels are an essential component of the TME, and they are affected by the metabolic requirements of the cells present and systemic metabolite availability. These factors are affected by aging, causing different TME metabolic states between young and older adults. In this review, we will summarize what is known about how aging impacts the TME metabolic state, and suggest how we can improve our understanding of it.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Neoplasms/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1052045-4
    ISSN 1879-0429 ; 0958-1669
    ISSN (online) 1879-0429
    ISSN 0958-1669
    DOI 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102995
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Methionine restriction forces Epstein-Barr virus out of latency.

    Kashyap, Sriraksha Bharadwaj / Mulondo, Racheal / Mullen, Peter J

    Cell metabolism

    2022  Volume 34, Issue 9, Page(s) 1229–1231

    Abstract: EBV gene expression is repressed during viral latency to prevent an immune response, but it is not known how metabolism contributes to this silencing. In this issue of Cell Metabolism, Guo et al. describe how methionine restriction reactivates the ... ...

    Abstract EBV gene expression is repressed during viral latency to prevent an immune response, but it is not known how metabolism contributes to this silencing. In this issue of Cell Metabolism, Guo et al. describe how methionine restriction reactivates the expression of EBV genes, offering new therapeutic approaches against EBV-driven diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Methionine ; Virus Latency
    Chemical Substances Methionine (AE28F7PNPL)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2176834-1
    ISSN 1932-7420 ; 1550-4131
    ISSN (online) 1932-7420
    ISSN 1550-4131
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.08.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Synchronous optical intensity and phase measurements to characterize Rayleigh-Bénard convection.

    Ferlic, Nathaniel A / Avramov-Zamurovic, Svetlana / O'Malley, Owen / Judd, K Peter / Mullen, Linda J

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision

    2023  Volume 40, Issue 9, Page(s) 1662–1672

    Abstract: Propagation of a laser beam through the Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection is experimentally investigated using synchronous optical wavefront and intensity measurements. Experimental results characterize the turbulence strength and length scales, which are ... ...

    Abstract Propagation of a laser beam through the Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection is experimentally investigated using synchronous optical wavefront and intensity measurements. Experimental results characterize the turbulence strength and length scales, which are used to inform numerical wave optic simulations employing phase screens. Experimentally found parameters are the refractive index structure constant, mean flow rate, kinetic and thermal dissipation rates, Kolmogorov microscale, outer scale, and shape of the refractive index power spectrum using known models. Synchronization of the wavefront and intensity measurements provide statistics of each metric at the same instance in time, allowing for two methods of comparison with numerical simulations. Numerical simulations prove to be within agreement of experimental and published results. Synchronized measurements provided more insight to develop reliable propagation models. It is determined that the RB test bed is applicable for simulating realistic undersea environments.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 283633-6
    ISSN 1520-8532 ; 1084-7529 ; 0740-3232
    ISSN (online) 1520-8532
    ISSN 1084-7529 ; 0740-3232
    DOI 10.1364/JOSAA.492749
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Developing Crowdsourced Clinical Registry Studies.

    Jones, Carolynn Thomas / Walker, Jeremy / McMullen, Rachel L / Pappas, Peter G

    The American journal of nursing

    2024  Volume 124, Issue 4, Page(s) 36–41

    Abstract: Abstract: Crowdsourced registries have been used to quickly gather information, especially during emerging public health concerns. Registries that began during the COVID-19 pandemic were used to rapidly answer key questions on coinfections, experimental ...

    Abstract Abstract: Crowdsourced registries have been used to quickly gather information, especially during emerging public health concerns. Registries that began during the COVID-19 pandemic were used to rapidly answer key questions on coinfections, experimental treatments, and morbidity and mortality outcomes. Registries are also used more frequently to support clinical trials and track long-term outcomes in patient populations. This article reviews registry methodology, including the collection of data from crowdsourcing and real-world sources, that can be applied to nurse researcher and clinical research nurse skill sets. The authors illustrate a recently reported crowdsourced COVID-19 and cryptococcal disease registry that followed project management strategies and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality registry guidelines for planning, execution, and analysis of registries and other research methods.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Crowdsourcing/methods ; Pandemics ; Registries ; COVID-19 ; Public Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390780-6
    ISSN 1538-7488 ; 0002-936X
    ISSN (online) 1538-7488
    ISSN 0002-936X
    DOI 10.1097/01.NAJ.0001010572.96486.87
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: N=8 Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons: Solution Synthesis and High Charge Carrier Mobility.

    Yao, Xuelin / Zhang, Heng / Kong, Fanmiao / Hinaut, Antoine / Pawlak, Rémy / Okuno, Masanari / Graf, Robert / Horton, Peter N / Coles, Simon J / Meyer, Ernst / Bogani, Lapo / Bonn, Mischa / Wang, Hai I / Müllen, Klaus / Narita, Akimitsu

    Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

    2023  Volume 62, Issue 46, Page(s) e202312610

    Abstract: Structurally defined graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have emerged as promising candidates for nanoelectronic devices. Low band gap (<1 eV) GNRs are particularly important when considering the Schottky barrier in device performance. Here, we demonstrate the ... ...

    Abstract Structurally defined graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have emerged as promising candidates for nanoelectronic devices. Low band gap (<1 eV) GNRs are particularly important when considering the Schottky barrier in device performance. Here, we demonstrate the first solution synthesis of 8-AGNRs through a carefully designed arylated polynaphthalene precursor. The efficiency of the oxidative cyclodehydrogenation of the tailor-made polymer precursor into 8-AGNRs was validated by FT-IR, Raman, and UV/Vis-near-infrared (NIR) absorption spectroscopy, and further supported by the synthesis of naphtho[1,2,3,4-ghi]perylene derivatives (1 and 2) as subunits of 8-AGNR, with a width of 0.86 nm as suggested by the X-ray single crystal analysis. Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and solid-state NMR analyses provided further structural support for 8-AGNR. The resulting 8-AGNR exhibited a remarkable NIR absorption extending up to ∼2400 nm, corresponding to an optical band gap as low as ∼0.52 eV. Moreover, optical-pump TeraHertz-probe spectroscopy revealed charge-carrier mobility in the dc limit of ∼270 cm
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-10
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2011836-3
    ISSN 1521-3773 ; 1433-7851
    ISSN (online) 1521-3773
    ISSN 1433-7851
    DOI 10.1002/anie.202312610
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Development and Characterisation of a New Patient-Derived Xenograft Model of AR-Negative Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

    Turnham, Daniel J / Mullen, Manisha S / Bullock, Nicholas P / Gilroy, Kathryn L / Richards, Anna E / Patel, Radhika / Quintela, Marcos / Meniel, Valerie S / Seaton, Gillian / Kynaston, Howard / Clarkson, Richard W E / Phesse, Toby J / Nelson, Peter S / Haffner, Michael C / Staffurth, John N / Pearson, Helen B

    Cells

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 8

    Abstract: As the treatment landscape for prostate cancer gradually evolves, the frequency of treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and double-negative prostate cancer (DNPC) that is deficient for androgen receptor (AR) and neuroendocrine (NE) ... ...

    Abstract As the treatment landscape for prostate cancer gradually evolves, the frequency of treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and double-negative prostate cancer (DNPC) that is deficient for androgen receptor (AR) and neuroendocrine (NE) markers has increased. These prostate cancer subtypes are typically refractory to AR-directed therapies and exhibit poor clinical outcomes. Only a small range of NEPC/DNPC models exist, limiting our molecular understanding of this disease and hindering our ability to perform preclinical trials exploring novel therapies to treat NEPC/DNPC that are urgently needed in the clinic. Here, we report the development of the CU-PC01 PDX model that represents AR-negative mCRPC with PTEN/RB/PSMA loss and
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/genetics ; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/drug therapy ; Animals ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; Receptors, Androgen/genetics ; Mice ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Phenylthiohydantoin/pharmacology ; Phenylthiohydantoin/analogs & derivatives ; Phenylthiohydantoin/therapeutic use ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nitriles/pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Benzamides/pharmacology ; Phthalazines/pharmacology ; Phthalazines/therapeutic use ; Piperazines
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Androgen ; Phenylthiohydantoin (2010-15-3) ; enzalutamide (93T0T9GKNU) ; Nitriles ; Benzamides ; olaparib (WOH1JD9AR8) ; Phthalazines ; Piperazines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells13080673
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The novel anti-cancer fluoropyrimidine NUC-3373 is a potent inhibitor of thymidylate synthase and an effective DNA-damaging agent.

    Bré, Jennifer / Dickson, Alison L / Read, Oliver J / Zhang, Ying / McKissock, Fiona G / Mullen, Peter / Tang, Peijun / Zickuhr, Greice M / Czekster, Clarissa M / Harrison, David J

    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology

    2023  Volume 91, Issue 5, Page(s) 401–412

    Abstract: Introduction: Fluoropyrimidines, principally 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), remain a key component of chemotherapy regimens for multiple cancer types, in particular colorectal and other gastrointestinal malignancies. To overcome key limitations and ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Fluoropyrimidines, principally 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), remain a key component of chemotherapy regimens for multiple cancer types, in particular colorectal and other gastrointestinal malignancies. To overcome key limitations and pharmacologic challenges that hinder the clinical utility of 5-FU, NUC-3373, a phosphoramidate transformation of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine, was designed to improve the efficacy and safety profile as well as the administration challenges associated with 5-FU.
    Methods: Human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and SW480 were treated with sub-IC
    Results: We demonstrated that NUC-3373 generates more FdUMP than 5-FU, resulting in a more potent inhibition of TS, DNA misincorporation and subsequent cell cycle arrest and DNA damage in vitro. Unlike 5-FU, the thymineless death induced by NUC-3373 was rescued by the concurrent addition of exogenous thymidine. 5-FU cytotoxicity, however, was only reversed by supplementation with uridine, a treatment used to reduce 5-FU-induced toxicities in the clinic. This is in line with our findings that 5-FU generates FUTP which is incorporated into RNA, a mechanism known to underlie the myelosuppression and gastrointestinal inflammation associated with 5-FU.
    Conclusion: Taken together, these results highlight key differences between NUC-3373 and 5-FU that are driven by the anti-cancer metabolites generated. NUC-3373 is a potent inhibitor of TS that also causes DNA-directed damage. These data support the preliminary clinical evidence that suggest NUC-3373 has a favorable safety profile in patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Thymidylate Synthase/genetics ; Fluorodeoxyuridylate/pharmacology ; Fluorodeoxyuridylate/therapeutic use ; Fluorouracil/therapeutic use ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Antimetabolites ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics ; DNA
    Chemical Substances Thymidylate Synthase (EC 2.1.1.45) ; Fluorodeoxyuridylate (134-46-3) ; Fluorouracil (U3P01618RT) ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Antimetabolites ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-31
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 6820-2
    ISSN 1432-0843 ; 0344-5704 ; 0943-9404
    ISSN (online) 1432-0843
    ISSN 0344-5704 ; 0943-9404
    DOI 10.1007/s00280-023-04528-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Treatment and outcomes of clear cell sarcoma of the kidney: A report from the Children's Oncology Group studies AREN0321 and AREN03B2.

    Benedetti, Daniel J / Renfro, Lindsay A / Tfirn, Ian / Daw, Najat C / Kalapurakal, John A / Ehrlich, Peter F / Khanna, Geetika / Perlman, Elizabeth / Warwick, Anne / Gow, Kenneth W / Paulino, Arnold C / Seibel, Nita L / Grundy, Paul / Fernandez, Conrad V / Geller, James I / Mullen, Elizabeth A / Dome, Jeffrey S

    Cancer

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: On the fifth National Wilms Tumor Study, treatment for clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) included combined vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide (regimen I) plus radiation therapy (RT), yielding 5-year event-free ... ...

    Abstract Background: On the fifth National Wilms Tumor Study, treatment for clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) included combined vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide (regimen I) plus radiation therapy (RT), yielding 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rates of 100%, 88%, 73%, and 29% for patients who had with stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively. In the Children's Oncology Group study AREN0321 of risk-adapted therapy, RT was omitted for stage I disease if lymph nodes were sampled, and carboplatin was added for stage IV disease (regimen UH-1). Patients who had stage II/III disease received regimen I with RT.
    Methods: Four-year EFS was analyzed for patients enrolled on AREN0321 and on those enrolled on AREN03B2 who received AREN0321 stage-appropriate chemotherapy.
    Results: Eighty-two patients with CCSK enrolled on AREN0321, 50 enrolled on AREN03B2 only. The 4-year EFS rate was 82.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74.8%-91.4%) for AREN0321 and 89.6% (95% CI, 81.3%-98.7%) for AREN03B2 only (p = .28). When combining studies, the 4-year EFS rates for patients who had stage I (n = 10), II (n = 47), III (n = 65), and IV (n = 10) disease were 90% (95% CI, 73.2%-100.0%), 93.4% (95% CI, 86.4%-100.0%), 82.8% (95% CI, 74.1%-92.6%), and 58.3% (95% CI, 34%-100.0%), respectively. There were no local recurrences among seven patients with stage I disease who were treated without RT. One stage I recurrence occurred in the brain, which was the most common site of relapse overall. Among patients with local stage III tumors, neither initial procedure type, margin status, nor lymph node involvement were prognostic.
    Conclusions: Patients with stage I CCSK had excellent outcomes without local recurrences when treated without RT. Patients with stage IV disease appeared to benefit from a carboplatin-containing regimen, although their outcomes remained unsatisfactory. Further research is needed to improve outcomes for patients with advanced-stage disease (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers NCT00335556 and NCT00898365).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1429-1
    ISSN 1097-0142 ; 0008-543X ; 1934-662X
    ISSN (online) 1097-0142
    ISSN 0008-543X ; 1934-662X
    DOI 10.1002/cncr.35266
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Patient Factors Influencing Speech Outcomes in Velopharyngeal Function Following Initial Cleft Palate Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Sainsbury, David C G / Williams, Caroline C / Butterworth, Sophie / de Blacam, Catherine / Fell, Matthew J / Mullen, Joanne / Breakey, William / Murphy, Colm / Hodgkinson, Peter D / Wren, Yvonne

    The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association

    2023  , Page(s) 10556656231191384

    Abstract: Objective: Identification of patient factors influencing velopharyngeal function for speech following initial cleft palate repair.: Design: A literature search of relevant databases from inception until 2018 was performed using medical subject ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Identification of patient factors influencing velopharyngeal function for speech following initial cleft palate repair.
    Design: A literature search of relevant databases from inception until 2018 was performed using medical subject headings and keywords related to cleft palate, palatoplasty and speech assessment. Following three stage screening data extraction was performed.
    Setting: Systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant literature.
    Patients/participants: Three hundred and eighty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising data on 47 658 participants.
    Interventions: Individuals undergoing initial palatoplasty.
    Main outcome measures: Studies including participants undergoing initial cleft palate repair where the frequency of secondary speech surgery and/or velopharyngeal function for speech was recorded.
    Results: Patient factors reported included cleft phenotype (95% studies), biological sex (64%), syndrome diagnosis (44%), hearing loss (28%), developmental delay (16%), Robin Sequence (16%) and 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome (11%). Meta-analysis provided strong evidence that rates of secondary surgery and velopharyngeal dysfunction varied according to cleft phenotype (Veau I best outcomes, Veau IV worst outcomes), Robin Sequence and syndrome diagnosis. There was no evidence that biological sex was associated with worse outcomes. Many studies were poor quality with minimal follow-up.
    Conclusions: Meta-analysis demonstrated the association of certain patient factors with speech outcome, however the quality of the evidence was low. Uniform, prospective, multi-centre documentation of preoperative characteristics and speech outcomes is required to characterise risk factors for post-palatoplasty velopharyngeal insufficiency for speech.
    Systematic review registration: Registered with PROSPERO CRD42017051624.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1069409-2
    ISSN 1545-1569 ; 0009-8701 ; 1055-6656
    ISSN (online) 1545-1569
    ISSN 0009-8701 ; 1055-6656
    DOI 10.1177/10556656231191384
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Suppressed basal melting in the eastern Thwaites Glacier grounding zone.

    Davis, Peter E D / Nicholls, Keith W / Holland, David M / Schmidt, Britney E / Washam, Peter / Riverman, Kiya L / Arthern, Robert J / Vaňková, Irena / Eayrs, Clare / Smith, James A / Anker, Paul G D / Mullen, Andrew D / Dichek, Daniel / Lawrence, Justin D / Meister, Matthew M / Clyne, Elisabeth / Basinski-Ferris, Aurora / Rignot, Eric / Queste, Bastien Y /
    Boehme, Lars / Heywood, Karen J / Anandakrishnan, Sridhar / Makinson, Keith

    Nature

    2023  Volume 614, Issue 7948, Page(s) 479–485

    Abstract: Thwaites Glacier is one of the fastest-changing ice-ocean systems in ... ...

    Abstract Thwaites Glacier is one of the fastest-changing ice-ocean systems in Antarctica
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/s41586-022-05586-0
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