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Article ; Online: TGF-β Inhibitor CILP as a Novel Biomarker for Cardiac Fibrosis.

Groß, Sonja / Thum, Thomas

JACC. Basic to translational science

2020 Volume 5, Issue 5, Page(s) 444–446

Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ISSN	2452-302X
ISSN (online)	2452-302X
DOI	10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.03.013
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Book ; Online: The Next Evolution of Artificial Sense of Touch

Groß, Sonja / Ganguly, Amartya / Dietz, Hendrik / Haddadin, Sami

2023

Abstract: We propose the next evolution of the artificial sense of touch, including an in-depth examination of the latest advancements in tactile sensing technology and the challenges that remain. We delve into the forefront of DNA and nanomaterials that enable ... ...

Abstract	We propose the next evolution of the artificial sense of touch, including an in-depth examination of the latest advancements in tactile sensing technology and the challenges that remain. We delve into the forefront of DNA and nanomaterials that enable the design of functionalized nanostructures in combination with the advantages of auto-assembly mechanisms. We evaluate the impact those technologies have on the challenges still faced in tactile sensing technology, including self-healing mechanisms, self-adaption, multi-modal, stretchable sensor structures, neuromorphic signal transmission, and scalable manufacturing. To conclude, this evolving technology has the potential to redefine the artificial sense of touch, offering mechanisms that enable advanced artificial somatosensory systems that equal or surpass human capabilities. Comment: 19 pages, 2 figures, journal
Keywords	Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Publishing date	2023-10-25
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: In vitro susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to netilmicin and etimicin in comparison to gentamicin and other aminoglycosides.

Gross, Sonja / Herren, Sebastian / Gysin, Marina / Rominski, Anna / Roditscheff, Anna / Risch, Martin / Imkamp, Frank / Crich, David / Hobbie, Sven N

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology

2024

Abstract: Purpose: Single doses of gentamicin have demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of urogenital gonorrhea, but lower cure rates for oropharyngeal and anorectal gonorrhea. Formulations selectively enriched in specific gentamicin C congeners have ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Single doses of gentamicin have demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of urogenital gonorrhea, but lower cure rates for oropharyngeal and anorectal gonorrhea. Formulations selectively enriched in specific gentamicin C congeners have been proposed as a less toxic alternative to gentamicin, potentially permitting higher dosing to result in increased plasma exposures at the extragenital sites of infection. The purpose of the present study was to compare the antibacterial activity of individual gentamicin C congeners against Neisseria gonorrhoeae to that of other aminoglycoside antibiotics. Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility of three N. gonorrhoeae reference strains and 152 clinical isolates was assessed using standard disk diffusion, agar dilution, and epsilometer tests. Results: Gentamicin C1, C2, C1a, and C2a demonstrated similar activity against N. gonorrhoeae. Interestingly, susceptibility to the 1-N-ethylated aminoglycosides etimicin and netilmicin was significantly higher than the susceptibility to their parent compounds gentamicin C1a and sisomicin, and to any other of the 25 aminoglycosides assessed in this study. Propylamycin, a 4'-propylated paromomycin analogue, was significantly more active against N. gonorrhoeae than its parent compound, too. Conclusion: Selectively enriched gentamicin formulations hold promise for a less toxic but equally efficacious alternative to gentamicin. Our study warrants additional consideration of the clinically established netilmicin and etimicin for treatment of genital and perhaps extragenital gonorrhea. Additional studies are required to elucidate the mechanism behind the advantage of alkylated aminoglycosides.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603155-9
ISSN	1435-4373 ; 0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
ISSN (online)	1435-4373
ISSN	0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
DOI	10.1007/s10096-024-04782-2
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Zs.A 1732: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Non-coding RNAs: key regulators of reprogramming, pluripotency, and cardiac cell specification with therapeutic perspective for heart regeneration.

Hunkler, Hannah J / Groß, Sonja / Thum, Thomas / Bär, Christian

Cardiovascular research

2021 Volume 118, Issue 15, Page(s) 3071–3084

Abstract: Myocardial infarction causes a massive loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), which can lead to heart failure accompanied by fibrosis, stiffening of the heart, and loss of function. Heart failure causes high mortality rates and is a huge socioeconomic burden, ... ...

Abstract	Myocardial infarction causes a massive loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), which can lead to heart failure accompanied by fibrosis, stiffening of the heart, and loss of function. Heart failure causes high mortality rates and is a huge socioeconomic burden, which, based on diets and lifestyle in the developed world, is expected to increase further in the next years. At present, the only curative treatment for heart failure is heart transplantation associated with a number of limitations such as donor organ availability and transplant rejection among others. Thus, the development of cellular reprogramming and defined differentiation protocols provide exciting new possibilities for cell therapy approaches and which opened up a new era in regenerative medicine. Consequently, tremendous research efforts were undertaken to gain a detailed molecular understanding of the reprogramming processes and the in vitro differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into functional CMs for transplantation into the patient's injured heart. In the last decade, non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs emerged as critical regulators of gene expression that were shown to fine-tune cellular processes both on the transcriptional and the post-transcriptional level. Unsurprisingly, also cellular reprogramming, pluripotency, and cardiac differentiation and maturation are regulated by non-coding RNAs. In here, we review the current knowledge on non-coding RNAs in these processes and highlight how their modulation may enhance the quality and quantity of stem cells and their derivatives for safe and efficient clinical application in patients with heart failure. In addition, we summarize the clinical cell therapy efforts undertaken thus far.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Heart Failure/genetics ; Heart Failure/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80340-6
ISSN	1755-3245 ; 0008-6363
ISSN (online)	1755-3245
ISSN	0008-6363
DOI	10.1093/cvr/cvab335
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Article ; Online: Non-coding RNAs

Hunkler, Hannah J. / Groß, Sonja / Thum, Thomas / Bär, Christian

key regulators of reprogramming, pluripotency, and cardiac cell specification with therapeutic perspective for heart regeneration

2022

Abstract: 3071 ... 3084 ... Myocardial infarction causes a massive loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), which can lead to heart failure accompanied by fibrosis, stiffening of the heart, and loss of function. Heart failure causes high mortality rates and is a huge ... ...

Abstract	3071 3084 Myocardial infarction causes a massive loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), which can lead to heart failure accompanied by fibrosis, stiffening of the heart, and loss of function. Heart failure causes high mortality rates and is a huge socioeconomic burden, which, based on diets and lifestyle in the developed world, is expected to increase further in the next years. At present, the only curative treatment for heart failure is heart transplantation associated with a number of limitations such as donor organ availability and transplant rejection among others. Thus, the development of cellular reprogramming and defined differentiation protocols provide exciting new possibilities for cell therapy approaches and which opened up a new era in regenerative medicine. Consequently, tremendous research efforts were undertaken to gain a detailed molecular understanding of the reprogramming processes and the in vitro differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into functional CMs for transplantation into the patient’s injured heart. In the last decade, non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs emerged as critical regulators of gene expression that were shown to fine-tune cellular processes both on the transcriptional and the post-transcriptional level. Unsurprisingly, also cellular reprogramming, pluripotency, and cardiac differentiation and maturation are regulated by non-coding RNAs. In here, we review the current knowledge on non-coding RNAs in these processes and highlight how their modulation may enhance the quality and quantity of stem cells and their derivatives for safe and efficient clinical application in patients with heart failure. In addition, we summarize the clinical cell therapy efforts undertaken thus far. 118 15
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Respect women, promote health and reduce stigma: ethical arguments for universal hepatitis C screening in pregnancy.

Gross, Marielle S / Ruth, Alexandra R / Rasmussen, Sonja A

Journal of medical ethics

2020 Volume 46, Issue 10, Page(s) 674–677

Abstract: In the USA, there are missed opportunities to diagnose hepatitis C virus (HCV) in pregnancy because screening is currently risk-stratified and thus primarily limited to individuals who disclose history of injection drug use or sexually transmitted ... ...

Abstract	In the USA, there are missed opportunities to diagnose hepatitis C virus (HCV) in pregnancy because screening is currently risk-stratified and thus primarily limited to individuals who disclose history of injection drug use or sexually transmitted infection risks. Over the past decade, the opioid epidemic has dramatically increased incidence of HCV and a feasible, well-tolerated cure was introduced. Considering these developments, recent evidence suggests universal HCV screening in pregnancy would be cost-effective and several professional organisations have called for updated national policy. Historically, universal screening has been financially disincentivised on the healthcare system level, particularly since new diagnoses may generate an obligation to provide expensive treatments to a population largely reliant on public health resources. Here, we provide ethical arguments supporting universal HCV screening in pregnancy grounded in obligations to respect for persons, beneficence and justice. First, universal prenatal HCV screening respects pregnant women as persons by promoting their long-term health outside of pregnancy. Additionally, universal screening would optimise health outcomes within current treatment guidelines and may support research on treatment during pregnancy. Finally, universal screening would avoid potential harms of risk-stratifying pregnant women by highly stigmatised substance use and sexual behaviours.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Health Promotion ; Hepatitis C/diagnosis ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	194927-5
ISSN	1473-4257 ; 0306-6800
ISSN (online)	1473-4257
ISSN	0306-6800
DOI	10.1136/medethics-2019-105692
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Zs.A 1163: Show issues

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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2-dependent implications on the cardiovascular system: From basic science to clinical implications.

Groß, Sonja / Jahn, Christopher / Cushman, Sarah / Bär, Christian / Thum, Thomas

Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology

2020 Volume 144, Page(s) 47–53

Abstract: The current COVID-19 pandemic started several months ago and is still exponentially growing in most parts of the world - this is the most recent and alarming update. COVID-19 requires the collaboration of nearly 200 countries to curb the spread of SARS- ... ...

Abstract	The current COVID-19 pandemic started several months ago and is still exponentially growing in most parts of the world - this is the most recent and alarming update. COVID-19 requires the collaboration of nearly 200 countries to curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2 while gaining time to explore and improve treatment options especially for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and immunocompromised patients, who appear to be at high-risk to die from cardiopulmonary failure. Currently unanswered questions are why elderly people, particularly those with pre-existing comorbidities seem to exhibit higher mortality rates after SARS-CoV-2 infection and whether intensive care becomes indispensable for these patients to prevent multi-organ failure and sudden death. To face these challenges, we here summarize the molecular insights into viral infection mechanisms and implications for cardiovascular disease. Since the infection starts in the upper respiratory system, first flu-like symptoms develop that spread throughout the body. The wide range of affected organs is presumably based on the common expression of the major SARS-CoV-2 entry-receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Physiologically, ACE2 degrades angiotensin II, the master regulator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), thereby converting it into vasodilatory molecules, which have well-documented cardio-protective effects. Thus, RAAS inhibitors, which may increase the expression levels of ACE2, are commonly used for the treatment of hypertension and CVD. This, and the fact that SARS-CoV-2 hijacks ACE2 for cell-entry, have spurred controversial discussions on the role of ACE2 in COVID-19 patients. In this review, we highlight the state-of-the-art knowledge on SARS-CoV-2-dependent mechanisms and the potential interaction with ACE2 expression and cell surface localization. We aim to provide a list of potential treatment options and a better understanding of why CVD is a high risk factor for COVID-19 susceptibility and further discuss the acute as well as long-term cardiac consequences.
MeSH term(s)	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; Cardiovascular Diseases/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/etiology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Pandemics ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Viral/etiology ; Renin-Angiotensin System/physiology ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1) ; ACE2 protein, human (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80157-4
ISSN	1095-8584 ; 0022-2828
ISSN (online)	1095-8584
ISSN	0022-2828
DOI	10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.04.031
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Zs.A 426: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Can individually targeted and optimized multi-channel tDCS outperform standard bipolar tDCS in stimulating the primary somatosensory cortex?

Khan, Asad / Antonakakis, Marios / Suntrup-Krueger, Sonja / Lencer, Rebekka / Nitsche, Michael A / Paulus, Walter / Groß, Joachim / Wolters, Carsten H

Brain stimulation

2022 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–16

Abstract: Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a non-invasive neuro-modulation technique. Most studies show that anodal tDCS increases cortical excitability, however, with variable outcomes. Previously, we have shown in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a non-invasive neuro-modulation technique. Most studies show that anodal tDCS increases cortical excitability, however, with variable outcomes. Previously, we have shown in computer simulations that our multi-channel tDCS (mc-tDCS) approach, the distributed constrained maximum intensity (D-CMI) method can potentially lead to better controlled tDCS results due to the improved directionality of the injected current at the target side for individually optimized D-CMI montages. Objective: In this study, we test the application of the D-CMI approach in an experimental study to stimulate the somatosensory P20/N20 target source in Brodmann area 3b and compare it with standard bipolar tDCS and sham conditions. Methods: We applied anodal D-CMI, the standard bipolar and D-CMI based Sham tDCS for 10 min to target the 20 ms post-stimulus somatosensory P20/N20 target brain source in Brodmann area 3b reconstructed using combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) source analysis in realistic head models with calibrated skull conductivity in a group-study with 13 subjects. Finger-stimulated somatosensory evoked fields (SEF) were recorded and the component at 20 ms post-stimulus (M20) was analyzed before and after the application of the three tDCS conditions in order to read out the stimulation effect on Brodmann area 3b. Results: Analysis of the finger stimulated SEF M20 peak before (baseline) and after tDCS shows a significant increase in source amplitude in Brodmann area 3b for D-CMI (6-16 min after tDCS), while no significant effects are found for standard bipolar (6-16 min after tDCS) and sham (6-16 min after tDCS) stimulation conditions. For the later time courses (16-26 and 27-37 min post-stimulation), we found a significant decrease in M20 peak source amplitude for standard bipolar and sham tDCS, while there was no effect for D-CMI. Conclusion: Our results indicate that targeted and optimized, and thereby highly individualized, mc-tDCS can outperform standard bipolar stimulation and lead to better control over stimulation outcomes with, however, a considerable amount of additional work compared to standard bipolar tDCS.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation/methods ; Somatosensory Cortex/physiology ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Magnetoencephalography ; Brain
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2394410-9
ISSN	1876-4754 ; 1935-861X
ISSN (online)	1876-4754
ISSN	1935-861X
DOI	10.1016/j.brs.2022.12.006
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Zs.A 6740: Show issues

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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2-dependent implications on the cardiovascular system

Groß, Sonja / Jahn, Christopher / Cushman, Sarah / Bär, Christian / Thum, Thomas

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology

From basic science to clinical implications

2020 Volume 144, Page(s) 47–53

Keywords	Molecular Biology ; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	80157-4
ISSN	1095-8584 ; 0022-2828
ISSN (online)	1095-8584
ISSN	0022-2828
DOI	10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.04.031
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Article ; Online: The representational dynamics of perceived voice emotions evolve from categories to dimensions.

Giordano, Bruno L / Whiting, Caroline / Kriegeskorte, Nikolaus / Kotz, Sonja A / Gross, Joachim / Belin, Pascal

Nature human behaviour

2021 Volume 5, Issue 9, Page(s) 1203–1213

Abstract: Long-standing affective science theories conceive the perception of emotional stimuli either as discrete categories (for example, an angry voice) or continuous dimensional attributes (for example, an intense and negative vocal emotion). Which position ... ...

Abstract	Long-standing affective science theories conceive the perception of emotional stimuli either as discrete categories (for example, an angry voice) or continuous dimensional attributes (for example, an intense and negative vocal emotion). Which position provides a better account is still widely debated. Here we contrast the positions to account for acoustics-independent perceptual and cerebral representational geometry of perceived voice emotions. We combined multimodal imaging of the cerebral response to heard vocal stimuli (using functional magnetic resonance imaging and magneto-encephalography) with post-scanning behavioural assessment of voice emotion perception. By using representational similarity analysis, we find that categories prevail in perceptual and early (less than 200 ms) frontotemporal cerebral representational geometries and that dimensions impinge predominantly on a later limbic-temporal network (at 240 ms and after 500 ms). These results reconcile the two opposing views by reframing the perception of emotions as the interplay of cerebral networks with different representational dynamics that emphasize either categories or dimensions.
MeSH term(s)	Acoustic Stimulation/methods ; Anger ; Arousal/physiology ; Emotions/physiology ; Humans ; Speech Perception/physiology ; Voice/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2397-3374
ISSN (online)	2397-3374
DOI	10.1038/s41562-021-01073-0
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