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Book ; Online: Remote Sensing in Applied Geophysics

Colombero, Chiara / Comina, Cesare / Godio, Alberto

2020

Keywords	Research & information: general ; Alpine glaciers ; Belvedere Glacier ; ice thickness estimation ; ice bottom morphology and properties ; ground-penetrating radar (GPR) ; single-station passive seismic measurements ; horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) ; archaeological prospection ; automated resistivity profiling ARP ; electrical resistivity survey ; multi-channel ground penetrating radar ; geophysical methods integration ; Chang'E-4 ; lunar penetrating radar (LPR) ; 3D velocity spectrum ; properties analysis ; remote sensing and GIS ; field geophysics ; groundwater potentiality ; West Qena ; Egypt ; mine collapse ; anthropogenic hazard ; seismology ; GNSS ; InSAR ; post-seismic deformation mechanism ; InSAR time series algorithm ; Kermanshah earthquake ; viscoelastic relaxation ; near-surface geophysics ; LiDAR ; magnetic gradiometry ; surface magnetic susceptibility ; electromagnetic induction ; Middle Woodland period ; Hopewell archaeology ; depth inversion ; sedimentary processes ; Autonomous Surface Vehicles (ASV) ; marine geophysics ; shallow water environments ; repeated 4D surveys ; NAIADI Project (New Autonomous/automatIc systems for the study AnD monitoring of aquatic envIronments) ; electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) ; frequency domain electromagnetic (FDEM) ; archaeology ; terramare ; bronze age ; elastic full waveform inversion ; acoustic-elastic coupled ; ocean bottom seismic ; multicomponent ; multiparameter ; ground penetrating radar (GPR) ; moisture content ; velocity analysis ; optimal gather ; passive seismic interferometry ; surface wave ; inversion ; shear-wave velocity ; ambient noise ; dispersion curve ; aerial archaeology ; landscape archaeology ; frequency-domain electromagnetic methods (FDEM) ; paleochannel ; Snow Eagle 601 ; aerogeophysics ; Princess Elizabeth Land ; ice-penetrating radar ; Antarctic ice sheet ; n/a
Size	1 electronic resource (318 pages)
Publisher	MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Publishing place	Basel, Switzerland
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English ; Open Access
HBZ-ID	HT021046253
ISBN	9783039437344 ; 3039437348
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Geophysical Monitoring of Leachate Injection in Pretreated Waste Landfill

Alberto Godio / Fulvia Chiampo

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 5661, p

2023 Volume 5661

Abstract: Landfill leachate recirculation is applied to manage the landfill as a bioreactor to enhance biogas production, limiting the impact due to greenhouse gas emissions and optimizing the energy recovery from biogas. This study deals with the geophysical ... ...

Abstract	Landfill leachate recirculation is applied to manage the landfill as a bioreactor to enhance biogas production, limiting the impact due to greenhouse gas emissions and optimizing the energy recovery from biogas. This study deals with the geophysical monitoring of the leachate recirculation within the waste of a pretreated waste landfill. For this aim, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was adopted, detecting the main distribution of moisture within the waste both through the surface and through several boreholes. The electrical resistivity of waste mainly depends on water content, leachate salinity and temperature. The method is sensitive to the transient phenomena associated with leachate flow within the waste; moreover, the ERT long-term monitoring data suffer from anomalous and unexpected polarization phenomena induced by the measurements themselves. Results demonstrated the reliability of this approach to qualitatively detect the landfill volume affected by the leachate circulation. The effects of moisture changes by leachate infiltration on biogas production are still challenging, notwithstanding a positive effect on methane concentration in biogas itself is evident.
Keywords	electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) ; landfill ; geophysical monitoring ; leachate recirculation ; biogas ; energy recovery ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Serially Connected Cantilever Beam-Based FBG Accelerometers: Design, Optimization and Testing.

Reghuprasad, Aarathy Ezhuthupally / Colombero, Chiara / Godio, Alberto

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 23, Issue 6

Abstract: We focus on the design, optimization, fabrication, and testing of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) cantilever beam-based accelerometers to measure vibrations from active seismic sources in the external environment. These FBG accelerometers possess several ... ...

Abstract	We focus on the design, optimization, fabrication, and testing of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) cantilever beam-based accelerometers to measure vibrations from active seismic sources in the external environment. These FBG accelerometers possess several advantages, such as multiplexing, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and high sensitivity. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, calibration, fabrication, and packaging of the simple cantilever beam-based accelerometer based on polylactic acid (PLA) are presented. The influence of the cantilever beam parameters on the natural frequency and sensitivity are discussed through FEM simulation and laboratory calibration with vibration exciter. The test results show that the optimized system has a resonance frequency of 75 Hz within a measuring range of 5-55 Hz and high sensitivity of ±433.7 pm/g. Finally, a preliminary field test is conducted to compare the packaged FBG accelerometer and standard electro-mechanical 4.5-Hz vertical geophones. Active-source (seismic sledgehammer) shots are acquired along the tested line, and both systems' experimental results are analyzed and compared. The designed FBG accelerometers demonstrate suitability to record the seismic traces and to pick up the first arrival times. The system optimization and further implementation offer promising potential for seismic acquisitions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s23063188
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Laboratory Testing of FBGs for Pipeline Monitoring.

Carlino, Andrea / Godio, Alberto

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 20, Issue 13

Abstract: The monitoring of the effects of geohazards on pipelines can be addressed by optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). They are sensitive to strain and bending, and are installed on the external surface of pipelines at discrete locations. A joint approach of ... ...

Abstract	The monitoring of the effects of geohazards on pipelines can be addressed by optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). They are sensitive to strain and bending, and are installed on the external surface of pipelines at discrete locations. A joint approach of theoretical analysis and laboratory experiments is useful to check the reliability of the performance of this technology. We focus on the theoretical analysis of pipeline buckling and investigate the reliability of FBG monitoring both by examining the analytical model available and by performing a laboratory-scale experiment. The novelty lies in the analysis of models and methods originally developed for the detection of pipeline upheaval buckling caused by externally imposed forces in the context of service loads (temperature). Although thermal strain is very relevant in view of its potentially disruptive effects on both pipelines and the FBG response, it has not been yet fully investigated. We point out the merits of the approach, such as the functionality and simplicity of design, the accessibility and inexpensiveness of materials, the controllability and repeatability of processes, the drawbacks are also described, such as temperature effects, the problem of slipping of gages and the challenge of performing quasi-distributed strain measurements.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s20133797
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Article: A Review of Geophysical Modeling Based on Particle Swarm Optimization.

Pace, Francesca / Santilano, Alessandro / Godio, Alberto

Surveys in geophysics

2021 Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 505–549

Abstract: This paper reviews the application of the algorithm particle swarm optimization (PSO) to perform stochastic inverse modeling of geophysical data. The main features of PSO are summarized, and the most important contributions in several geophysical fields ... ...

Abstract	This paper reviews the application of the algorithm particle swarm optimization (PSO) to perform stochastic inverse modeling of geophysical data. The main features of PSO are summarized, and the most important contributions in several geophysical fields are analyzed. The aim is to indicate the fundamental steps of the evolution of PSO methodologies that have been adopted to model the Earth's subsurface and then to undertake a critical evaluation of their benefits and limitations. Original works have been selected from the existing geophysical literature to illustrate successful PSO applied to the interpretation of electromagnetic (magnetotelluric and time-domain) data, gravimetric and magnetic data, self-potential, direct current and seismic data. These case studies are critically described and compared. In addition, joint optimization of multiple geophysical data sets by means of multi-objective PSO is presented to highlight the advantage of using a single solver that deploys Pareto optimality to handle different data sets without conflicting solutions. Finally, we propose best practices for the implementation of a customized algorithm from scratch to perform stochastic inverse modeling of any kind of geophysical data sets for the benefit of PSO practitioners or inexperienced researchers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2017797-5
ISSN	1573-0956 ; 0169-3298
ISSN (online)	1573-0956
ISSN	0169-3298
DOI	10.1007/s10712-021-09638-4
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Article ; Online: Drone-Borne Ground-Penetrating Radar for Snow Cover Mapping

Andrea Vergnano / Diego Franco / Alberto Godio

Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 1763, p

2022 Volume 1763

Abstract: Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is one of the most commonly used instruments to map the Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) in mountainous regions. However, some areas may be difficult or dangerous to access; besides, some surveys can be quite time-consuming. We ... ...

Abstract	Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is one of the most commonly used instruments to map the Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) in mountainous regions. However, some areas may be difficult or dangerous to access; besides, some surveys can be quite time-consuming. We test a new system to fulfill the need to speed up the acquisition process for the analysis of the SWE and to access remote or dangerous areas. A GPR antenna (900 MHz) is mounted on a drone prototype designed to carry heavy instruments, fly safely at high altitudes, and avoid interference of the GPR signal. A survey of two test sites of the Alpine region during winter 2020–2021 is presented, to check the prototype performance for mapping the snow thickness at the catchment scale. We process the data according to a standard flow-chart of radar processing and we pick both the travel times of the air–snow interface and the snow–ground interface to compute the travel time difference and to estimate the snow depth. The calibration of the radar snow depth is performed by comparing the radar travel times with snow depth measurements at preselected stations. The main results show fairly good reliability and performance in terms of data quality, accuracy, and spatial resolution in snow depth monitoring. We tested the device in the condition of low snow density (<200 kg/m 3 ) and this limits the detectability of the air–snow interface. This is mainly caused by low values of the electrical permittivity of the dry soft snow, providing a weak reflectivity of the snow surface. To overcome this critical aspect, we use the data of the rangefinder to properly detect the travel time of the snow–air interface. This sensor is already installed in our prototype and in most commercial drones for flight purposes. Based on our experience with the prototype, various improvement strategies and limitations of drone-borne GPR acquisition are discussed. In conclusion, the drone technology is found to be ready to support GPR-based snow depth mapping applications at high altitudes, provided ...
Keywords	ground-penetrating radar ; GPR ; drone ; airborne ; snow cover ; geophysics ; Science ; Q
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Validation Study of Airgo, an Innovative Device to Screen Sleep Respiratory Disorders.

Braghiroli, Alberto / Kuller, David / Godio, Massimo / Rossato, Fabio / Sacco, Carlo / Morrone, Elisa

Frontiers in medicine

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 938542

Abstract: Background: Obstructive sleep apnea affects a consistent percentage of the population, and only a minority of patients have been diagnosed and treated because of a discrepancy between resources available for diagnosis and the epidemiology of a disorder ... ...

Abstract	Background: Obstructive sleep apnea affects a consistent percentage of the population, and only a minority of patients have been diagnosed and treated because of a discrepancy between resources available for diagnosis and the epidemiology of a disorder possibly affecting nearly one billion people in the world. Aim: We conducted a study to compare a standard home respiratory monitoring system (Nox T3) with a novel device (Airgo™) consisting of an elastic band and a small recorder, light, comfortable for the patient, and low-cost complete with automatic analysis of the data that produces a screening report indicating the type and severity of sleep respiratory disorder. Patients and results: We examined 120 patients, reduced to 118 for technical problems. The mean ( Conclusion: Airgo™ is a reliable tool to screen patients with suspected sleep respiratory disorders, well tolerated by the patient based on totally automatic analysis and reporting system, leading to more efficient use of doctor's and clinician's time and resources and extending the opportunity to diagnose more possible candidates for treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2022.938542
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Article: Integrated use of chemical and geophysical monitoring to study the diesel oil biodegradation in microcosms with different operative conditions.

Raffa, Carla Maria / Vergnano, Andrea / Chiampo, Fulvia / Godio, Alberto

Journal of environmental health science & engineering

2021 Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 1263–1276

Abstract: This study aimed to monitor the aerobic bioremediation of diesel oil-contaminated soil by measuring: a) the ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to monitor the aerobic bioremediation of diesel oil-contaminated soil by measuring: a) the CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2756287-6
ISSN	2052-336X
ISSN	2052-336X
DOI	10.1007/s40201-021-00681-2
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Article ; Online: SEIR Modeling of the Italian Epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 Using Computational Swarm Intelligence.

Godio, Alberto / Pace, Francesca / Vergnano, Andrea

International journal of environmental research and public health

2020 Volume 17, Issue 10

Abstract: We applied a generalized SEIR epidemiological model to the recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in the world, with a focus on Italy and its Lombardy, Piedmont, and Veneto regions. We focused on the application of a stochastic approach in fitting the model ... ...

Abstract	We applied a generalized SEIR epidemiological model to the recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in the world, with a focus on Italy and its Lombardy, Piedmont, and Veneto regions. We focused on the application of a stochastic approach in fitting the model parameters using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) solver, to improve the reliability of predictions in the medium term (30 days). We analyzed the official data and the predicted evolution of the epidemic in the Italian regions, and we compared the results with the data and predictions of Spain and South Korea. We linked the model equations to the changes in people's mobility, with reference to Google's COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. We discussed the effectiveness of policies taken by different regions and countries and how they have an impact on past and future infection scenarios.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Italy/epidemiology ; Models, Statistical ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Reproducibility of Results ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph17103535
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Article ; Online: Electromagnetic Properties Monitoring to Detect Different Biodegradation Kinetics in Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soil

Andrea Vergnano / Carla Maria Raffa / Alberto Godio / Fulvia Chiampo

Soil Systems, Vol 6, Iss 48, p

2022 Volume 48

Abstract: The electromagnetic properties (electrical permittivity and electrical conductivity) of three different soil mesocosms polluted with diesel oil were monitored using a time-domain reflectometry probe for 8 months. The main target of the research was to ... ...

Abstract	The electromagnetic properties (electrical permittivity and electrical conductivity) of three different soil mesocosms polluted with diesel oil were monitored using a time-domain reflectometry probe for 8 months. The main target of the research was to establish a relationship between the development of biological activity within the mesocosms and the temporal behaviour of electromagnetic properties. The trend of the electromagnetic properties exhibited different responses that could be related to the composition of the mesocosms and their variation with time during the runs. We considered three different mesocosms with similar soil conditions and the same diesel oil concentration: porosity of 45%, volumetric diesel oil content of 9%, and volumetric water content of 15%. The first one was subjected to a natural attenuation (NA), the second one was biostimulated without inoculation (BS), and the third one was biostimulated with inoculation (BS + IN). The biostimulated mesocosms showed a marked decrease in electrical permittivity and electrical conductivity, whereas the naturally attenuated mesocosm did not show these variations. Between the biostimulated mesocosms, the inoculated one showed the fastest variations in the electromagnetic properties. The microbial activity and the pollutant degradation were evidenced by the analyses performed at the end of the experiment. As demonstrated by the results for the fluorescein diacetate analysis, the microbial activity was a bit higher for the inoculated microcosm, which also showed faster variations of the electromagnetic properties. In the biostimulated mesocosms, the removal of diesel oil was 66% and 72%, respectively. With natural attenuation, there was a limited removal efficiency, in the order of 2%. Even if the electromagnetic properties evidenced different kinetics of bioremediation in BS and BS + IN, both were able to successfully degrade similar percentages of the contaminant after 8 months. The long monitoring revealed that a substantial decrease in the ...
Keywords	diesel oil ; aerobic soil remediation ; time-domain reflectometry ; electrical permittivity ; electrical conductivity ; Physical geography ; GB3-5030 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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