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  1. Article ; Online: Purification and biochemical characterization of

    Arunachallam, Premalatha / Kumaravel, Vijayalakshmi / Gopal, Suseela Rajakumar

    Preparative biochemistry & biotechnology

    2023  Volume 54, Issue 3, Page(s) 444–453

    Abstract: The purification and biochemical characterization of the extracellular alpha amylase ... ...

    Abstract The purification and biochemical characterization of the extracellular alpha amylase from
    MeSH term(s) alpha-Amylases/chemistry ; Aspergillus ; Starch/metabolism
    Chemical Substances alpha-Amylases (EC 3.2.1.1) ; Starch (9005-25-8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1322522-4
    ISSN 1532-2297 ; 1082-6068
    ISSN (online) 1532-2297
    ISSN 1082-6068
    DOI 10.1080/10826068.2023.2235694
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Rational construction of MOF derived α-Fe

    Kumaravel, Sakthivel / Avula, Balakrishna / Chandrasatheesh, Chandramoorthy / Niyitanga, Theophile / Saranya, Rajasekar / Hasan, Imran / Abisheik, T / Rai, Rajakumar S / Pandiyan, V / Balu, Krishnakumar

    Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy

    2024  Volume 310, Page(s) 123972

    Abstract: In recent years, researchers have been actively investigating metal oxide-based materials with narrow bandgaps due to their potential applications toward wastewater treatment and oxygen evolution reactions (OER). In this study, we successfully ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, researchers have been actively investigating metal oxide-based materials with narrow bandgaps due to their potential applications toward wastewater treatment and oxygen evolution reactions (OER). In this study, we successfully synthesized g-C
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 210413-1
    ISSN 1873-3557 ; 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
    ISSN (online) 1873-3557
    ISSN 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
    DOI 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123972
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Optimization of culture conditions for enhanced production of extracellular α-amylase using solid-state and submerged fermentation from Aspergillus tamarii MTCC5152.

    Premalatha, Arunachallam / Vijayalakshmi, Kumaravel / Shanmugavel, Muthiah / Rajakumar, Gopal Suseela

    Biotechnology and applied biochemistry

    2022  Volume 70, Issue 2, Page(s) 835–845

    Abstract: Amylases are one of the main enzymes used in various industries such as food, fermentation, textile, and pharmaceuticals. Microorganisms are the potent sources of amylase enzyme, apart from plant and animal sources. Fungal amylases are more stable than ... ...

    Abstract Amylases are one of the main enzymes used in various industries such as food, fermentation, textile, and pharmaceuticals. Microorganisms are the potent sources of amylase enzyme, apart from plant and animal sources. Fungal amylases are more stable than bacterial amylases. The production of extracellular α-amylase from Aspergillus tamarii MTCC5152 using solid-state and submerged fermentation (SSF and SmF) and the various nutritional factors influencing its production were studied. A higher activity of α-amylase (519.40 u/g) was attained in a medium having wheat bran (WB) alone as the substrate at an initial moisture content of 70% (v/w) with 2.5% (v/w) of inoculum level (containing 10
    MeSH term(s) alpha-Amylases ; Fermentation ; Aspergillus ; Amylases
    Chemical Substances alpha-Amylases (EC 3.2.1.1) ; Amylases (EC 3.2.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 883433-7
    ISSN 1470-8744 ; 0885-4513
    ISSN (online) 1470-8744
    ISSN 0885-4513
    DOI 10.1002/bab.2403
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Computational approaches for modeling and structural design of biological systems: A comprehensive review.

    Gayathiri, Ekambaram / Prakash, Palanisamy / Kumaravel, Priya / Jayaprakash, Jayanthi / Ragunathan, Manikkavalli Gurunathan / Sankar, Sharmila / Pandiaraj, Saravanan / Thirumalaivasan, Natesan / Thiruvengadam, Muthu / Govindasamy, Rajakumar

    Progress in biophysics and molecular biology

    2023  Volume 185, Page(s) 17–32

    Abstract: The convergence of biology and computational science has ushered in a revolutionary era, revolutionizing our understanding of biological systems and providing novel solutions to global problems. The field of genetic engineering has facilitated the ... ...

    Abstract The convergence of biology and computational science has ushered in a revolutionary era, revolutionizing our understanding of biological systems and providing novel solutions to global problems. The field of genetic engineering has facilitated the manipulation of genetic codes, thus providing opportunities for the advancement of innovative disease therapies and environmental enhancements. The emergence of bio-molecular simulation represents a significant advancement in this particular field, as it offers the ability to gain microscopic insights into molecular-level biological processes over extended periods. Biomolecular simulation plays a crucial role in advancing our comprehension of organismal mechanisms by establishing connections between molecular structures, interactions, and biological functions. The field of computational biology has demonstrated its significance in deciphering intricate biological enigmas through the utilization of mathematical models and algorithms. The process of decoding the human genome has resulted in the advancement of therapies for a wide range of genetic disorders, while the simulation of biological systems contributes to the identification of novel pharmaceutical compounds. The potential of biomolecular simulation and computational biology is vast and limitless. As the exploration of the underlying principles that govern living organisms progresses, the potential impact of this understanding on cancer treatment, environmental restoration, and other domains is anticipated to be transformative. This review examines the notable advancements achieved in the field of computational biology, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize the comprehension and enhancement of biological systems.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Models, Biological ; Computational Biology/methods ; Computer Simulation ; Models, Theoretical ; Genetic Engineering
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 209302-9
    ISSN 1873-1732 ; 0079-6107
    ISSN (online) 1873-1732
    ISSN 0079-6107
    DOI 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.08.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Identifying Children Likely to Benefit From Antibiotics for Acute Sinusitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

    Shaikh, Nader / Hoberman, Alejandro / Shope, Timothy R / Jeong, Jong-Hyeon / Kurs-Lasky, Marcia / Martin, Judith M / Bhatnagar, Sonika / Muniz, Gysella B / Block, Stan L / Andrasko, Melissa / Lee, Matthew C / Rajakumar, Kumaravel / Wald, Ellen R

    JAMA

    2023  Volume 330, Issue 4, Page(s) 349–358

    Abstract: Importance: The large overlap between symptoms of acute sinusitis and viral upper respiratory tract infection suggests that certain subgroups of children being diagnosed with acute sinusitis, and subsequently treated with antibiotics, derive little ... ...

    Abstract Importance: The large overlap between symptoms of acute sinusitis and viral upper respiratory tract infection suggests that certain subgroups of children being diagnosed with acute sinusitis, and subsequently treated with antibiotics, derive little benefit from antibiotic use.
    Objective: To assess if antibiotic therapy could be appropriately withheld in prespecified subgroups.
    Design, setting, and participants: Randomized clinical trial including 515 children aged 2 to 11 years diagnosed with acute sinusitis based on clinical criteria. The trial was conducted between February 2016 and April 2022 at primary care offices affiliated with 6 US institutions and was designed to evaluate whether symptom burden differed in subgroups defined by nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, or Moraxella catarrhalis on bacterial culture and by the presence of colored nasal discharge.
    Interventions: Oral amoxicillin (90 mg/kg/d) and clavulanate (6.4 mg/kg/d) (n = 254) or placebo (n = 256) for 10 days.
    Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was symptom burden based on daily symptom scores on a validated scale (range, 0-40) during the 10 days after diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included treatment failure, adverse events including clinically significant diarrhea, and resource use by families.
    Results: Most of the 510 included children were aged 2 to 5 years (64%), male (54%), White (52%), and not Hispanic (89%). The mean symptom scores were significantly lower in children in the amoxicillin and clavulanate group (9.04 [95% CI, 8.71 to 9.37]) compared with those in the placebo group (10.60 [95% CI, 10.27 to 10.93]) (between-group difference, -1.69 [95% CI, -2.07 to -1.31]). The length of time to symptom resolution was significantly lower for children in the antibiotic group (7.0 days) than in the placebo group (9.0 days) (P = .003). Children without nasopharyngeal pathogens detected did not benefit from antibiotic treatment as much as those with pathogens detected; the between-group difference in mean symptom scores was -0.88 (95% CI, -1.63 to -0.12) in those without pathogens detected compared with -1.95 (95% CI, -2.40 to -1.51) in those with pathogens detected. Efficacy did not differ significantly according to whether colored nasal discharge was present (the between-group difference was -1.62 [95% CI, -2.09 to -1.16] for colored nasal discharge vs -1.70 [95% CI, -2.38 to -1.03] for clear nasal discharge; P = .52 for the interaction between treatment group and the presence of colored nasal discharge).
    Conclusions: In children with acute sinusitis, antibiotic treatment had minimal benefit for those without nasopharyngeal bacterial pathogens on presentation, and its effects did not depend on the color of nasal discharge. Testing for specific bacteria on presentation may represent a strategy to reduce antibiotic use in this condition.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02554383.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Male ; Acute Disease ; Amoxicillin/adverse effects ; Amoxicillin/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Clavulanic Acid/adverse effects ; Clavulanic Acid/therapeutic use ; Common Cold/diagnosis ; Sinusitis/diagnosis ; Sinusitis/drug therapy ; Sinusitis/etiology ; Sinusitis/microbiology ; Female ; Child, Preschool ; Nasopharynx/microbiology ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification ; Haemophilus influenzae/isolation & purification ; Moraxella catarrhalis/isolation & purification
    Chemical Substances Amoxicillin (804826J2HU) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Clavulanic Acid (23521W1S24)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2023.10854
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Vitamin D, cod-liver oil, sunlight, and rickets: a historical perspective.

    Rajakumar, Kumaravel

    Pediatrics

    2003  Volume 112, Issue 2, Page(s) e132–5

    Abstract: Rickets, a disease of vitamin D deficiency, is rarely confronted by the practicing pediatrician in the United States today. At the turn of the 20th century, rickets was rampant among the poor children living in the industrialized and polluted northern ... ...

    Abstract Rickets, a disease of vitamin D deficiency, is rarely confronted by the practicing pediatrician in the United States today. At the turn of the 20th century, rickets was rampant among the poor children living in the industrialized and polluted northern cities of the United States. With the discovery of vitamin D and the delineation of the anti-rachitic properties of cod-liver oil by the 1930s, it became possible to not only treat but also eradicate rickets in the United States. Rickets was a common disease in 17th century England. Frances Glisson's treatise on rickets published in 1650, a glorious contribution to English medicine, described the clinical and anatomic features of rickets in great detail. The exact etiology of rickets had been elusive until the 1920s. During the Glissonian era, rickets was a mysterious disease. By the late 19th and early 20th century, faulty diet or faulty environment (poor hygiene, lack of fresh air and sunshine) or lack of exercise was implicated in its etiology. Animal experiments, appreciation of folklore advocating the benefits of cod-liver oil, and the geographical association of rickets to lack of sunshine were all relevant factors in the advancement of knowledge in the conquest of this malady. In this article, the history of rickets pertaining to the discovery of vitamin D, cod-liver oil, and sunlight is reviewed.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cod Liver Oil/history ; Cod Liver Oil/therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; History, 17th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Rickets/history ; Rickets/therapy ; Sunlight ; Vitamin D/history
    Chemical Substances Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Cod Liver Oil (8001-69-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-07-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207677-9
    ISSN 1098-4275 ; 0031-4005
    ISSN (online) 1098-4275
    ISSN 0031-4005
    DOI 10.1542/peds.112.2.e132
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Immobilization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBL27 cells for enhanced antimicrobial protein production using calcium alginate beads.

    Kumaravel, Vijayalakshmi / Gopal, Suseela Rajakumar

    Biotechnology and applied biochemistry

    2010  Volume 57, Issue 3, Page(s) 97–103

    Abstract: Cell immobilization is one of the common techniques for increasing the overall cell concentration and productivity. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBL27 cells were immobilized in calcium alginate beads and it is a promising method for repeated AMP ( ... ...

    Abstract Cell immobilization is one of the common techniques for increasing the overall cell concentration and productivity. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBL27 cells were immobilized in calcium alginate beads and it is a promising method for repeated AMP (antimicrobial protein) production. The present study aimed at determining the optimal conditions for immobilization of B. amyloliquefaciens MBL27 cells in calcium alginate beads and the operational stability for enhanced production of the AMP. AMP production with free and immobilized cells was also done. In batch fermentation, maximum AMP production (7300 AU (arbitrary units)/ml against Staphylococcus aureus) was obtained with immobilized cells in shake flasks under optimized parameters such as 3% (w/v) sodium alginate, 136 mM CaCl2 with 350 alginate beads/flask of 2.7-3.0 mm diameter. In repeated cultivation, the highest activity was obtained after the second cycle of use and approx. 94% production was noted up to the fifth cycle. The immobilized cells of B. amyloliquefaciens MBL27 in alginate beads are more efficient for the production of AMP and had good stability. The potential application of AMP as a wound healant and the need for development of economical methods for improved production make whole cell immobilization an excellent alternative method for enhanced AMP production.
    MeSH term(s) Alginates/chemistry ; Anti-Infective Agents/metabolism ; Bacillus/cytology ; Bacillus/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Cells, Immobilized/cytology ; Cells, Immobilized/metabolism ; Fermentation ; Glucuronic Acid/chemistry ; Hexuronic Acids/chemistry ; Industrial Microbiology/methods
    Chemical Substances Alginates ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacterial Proteins ; Hexuronic Acids ; Glucuronic Acid (8A5D83Q4RW) ; alginic acid (8C3Z4148WZ)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 883433-7
    ISSN 1470-8744 ; 0885-4513
    ISSN (online) 1470-8744
    ISSN 0885-4513
    DOI 10.1042/BA20100252
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Gene Expression and Cardiometabolic Phenotypes of Vitamin D-Deficient Overweight and Obese Black Children

    Rajakumar, Kumaravel / Yan, Qi / Khalid, Arshad T / Feingold, Eleanor / Vallejo, Abbe N / Demirci, F. Yesim / Kamboh, M. Ilyas

    Nutrients. 2019 Aug. 28, v. 11, no. 9

    2019  

    Abstract: Associations between whole blood transcriptome and clinical phenotypes in vitamin D-deficient overweight and obese children can provide insight into the biological effects of vitamin D and obesity. We determined differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ... ...

    Abstract Associations between whole blood transcriptome and clinical phenotypes in vitamin D-deficient overweight and obese children can provide insight into the biological effects of vitamin D and obesity. We determined differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in relation to body mass index (BMI) in vitamin D-deficient black children with a BMI ≥ 85th percentile and ascertained the cardiometabolic phenotypes associated with the DEGs. We examined whole-blood transcriptome gene expression by RNA sequencing and cardiometabolic profiling in 41, 10- to 18-year-old children. We found 296 DEGs in association with BMI after adjusting for age, race, sex, and pubertal status. Cardiometabolic phenotypes associated with the BMI-related DEGs, after adjusting for age, sex, pubertal status, and %total body fat, were (i) flow-mediated dilation (marker of endothelial function), (ii) c-reactive protein (marker of inflammation), and (iii) leptin (adipocytokine). Canonical pathways of relevance for childhood obesity and its phenotypes that were significantly associated with the BMI-related DEGs affected immune cell function/inflammation, vascular health, metabolic function, and cell survival/death; several immune and inflammatory pathways overlapped across the three phenotypes. We have identified transcriptome-based biomarkers associated with BMI in vitamin D-deficient, overweight and obese black children. Modulating effects of vitamin D supplementation on these biomarkers and their related phenotypes need further exploration.
    Keywords Blacks ; C-reactive protein ; adolescents ; bioactive properties ; biochemical pathways ; biomarkers ; blood ; body fat ; body mass index ; cell viability ; childhood obesity ; children ; death ; gene expression ; gene expression regulation ; genes ; inflammation ; leptin ; phenotype ; sequence analysis ; transcriptome ; vitamin D ; vitamin D deficiency
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0828
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu11092016
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Gene Expression and Cardiometabolic Phenotypes of Vitamin D-Deficient Overweight and Obese Black Children.

    Rajakumar, Kumaravel / Yan, Qi / Khalid, Arshad T / Feingold, Eleanor / Vallejo, Abbe N / Demirci, F Yesim / Kamboh, M Ilyas

    Nutrients

    2019  Volume 11, Issue 9

    Abstract: Associations between whole blood transcriptome and clinical phenotypes in vitamin D-deficient overweight and obese children can provide insight into the biological effects of vitamin D and obesity. We determined differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ... ...

    Abstract Associations between whole blood transcriptome and clinical phenotypes in vitamin D-deficient overweight and obese children can provide insight into the biological effects of vitamin D and obesity. We determined differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in relation to body mass index (BMI) in vitamin D-deficient black children with a BMI ≥ 85th percentile and ascertained the cardiometabolic phenotypes associated with the DEGs. We examined whole-blood transcriptome gene expression by RNA sequencing and cardiometabolic profiling in 41, 10- to 18-year-old children. We found 296 DEGs in association with BMI after adjusting for age, race, sex, and pubertal status. Cardiometabolic phenotypes associated with the BMI-related DEGs, after adjusting for age, sex, pubertal status, and %total body fat, were (i) flow-mediated dilation (marker of endothelial function), (ii) c-reactive protein (marker of inflammation), and (iii) leptin (adipocytokine). Canonical pathways of relevance for childhood obesity and its phenotypes that were significantly associated with the BMI-related DEGs affected immune cell function/inflammation, vascular health, metabolic function, and cell survival/death; several immune and inflammatory pathways overlapped across the three phenotypes. We have identified transcriptome-based biomarkers associated with BMI in vitamin D-deficient, overweight and obese black children. Modulating effects of vitamin D supplementation on these biomarkers and their related phenotypes need further exploration.
    MeSH term(s) Adiposity/genetics ; Adolescent ; African Americans/genetics ; Biomarkers/blood ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Energy Metabolism/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Pediatric Obesity/blood ; Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis ; Pediatric Obesity/ethnology ; Pediatric Obesity/genetics ; Pennsylvania/epidemiology ; Phenotype ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Risk Factors ; Transcriptome ; Vitamin D Deficiency/blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency/diagnosis ; Vitamin D Deficiency/ethnology ; Vitamin D Deficiency/genetics
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu11092016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Dosing error with over-the-counter vitamin D supplement: a risk for vitamin D toxicity in infants.

    Rajakumar, Kumaravel / Reis, Evelyn Cohen / Holick, Michael F

    Clinical pediatrics

    2012  Volume 52, Issue 1, Page(s) 82–85

    MeSH term(s) Dietary Supplements ; Drug Overdose ; Humans ; Hydroxycholecalciferols/blood ; Infant ; Infant Nutrition Disorders/etiology ; Infant Nutrition Disorders/prevention & control ; Male ; Nonprescription Drugs/administration & dosage ; Parathyroid Hormone/blood ; Pediatrics ; Physician's Role ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Hydroxycholecalciferols ; Nonprescription Drugs ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-04-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 207678-0
    ISSN 1938-2707 ; 0009-9228
    ISSN (online) 1938-2707
    ISSN 0009-9228
    DOI 10.1177/0009922812439245
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