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Article: An Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis of

Spaggiari, Luca / Pedretti, Natalia / Ricchi, Francesco / Pinetti, Diego / Campisciano, Giuseppina / De Seta, Francesco / Comar, Manola / Kenno, Samyr / Ardizzoni, Andrea / Pericolini, Eva

Microorganisms

2024 Volume 12, Issue 4

Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria are considered an inexhaustible source of bioactive compounds; indeed, products from their metabolism are known to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity. Recently, we demonstrated that Cell-Free Supernatants (CFS) ... ...

Abstract	Lactic acid bacteria are considered an inexhaustible source of bioactive compounds; indeed, products from their metabolism are known to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity. Recently, we demonstrated that Cell-Free Supernatants (CFS) obtained from
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms12040662
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Article ; Online: Social distancing measures for COVID-19 are changing winter season.

Amaddeo, Alessandro / Cason, Carolina / Cozzi, Giorgio / Ronfani, Luca / Comar, Manola

Archives of disease in childhood

2021 Volume 106, Issue 12, Page(s) e47

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/transmission ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Physical Distancing ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seasons
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	524-1
ISSN	1468-2044 ; 0003-9888 ; 1359-2998
ISSN (online)	1468-2044
ISSN	0003-9888 ; 1359-2998
DOI	10.1136/archdischild-2021-322004
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Article: Next-generation sequencing and PCR technologies in monitoring the hospital microbiome and its drug resistance.

Cason, Carolina / D'Accolti, Maria / Soffritti, Irene / Mazzacane, Sante / Comar, Manola / Caselli, Elisabetta

Frontiers in microbiology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 969863

Abstract: The hospital environment significantly contributes to the onset of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which represent one of the most frequent complications occurring in healthcare facilities worldwide. Moreover, the increased antimicrobial ... ...

Abstract	The hospital environment significantly contributes to the onset of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which represent one of the most frequent complications occurring in healthcare facilities worldwide. Moreover, the increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR) characterizing HAI-associated microbes is one of the human health's main concerns, requiring the characterization of the contaminating microbial population in the hospital environment. The monitoring of surface microbiota in hospitals is generally addressed by microbial cultural isolation. However, this has some important limitations mainly relating to the inability to define the whole drug-resistance profile of the contaminating microbiota and to the long time period required to obtain the results. Hence, there is an urgent need to implement environmental surveillance systems using more effective methods. Molecular approaches, including next-generation sequencing and PCR assays, may be useful and effective tools to monitor microbial contamination, especially the growing AMR of HAI-associated pathogens. Herein, we summarize the results of our recent studies using culture-based and molecular analyses in 12 hospitals for adults and children over a 5-year period, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques used.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2022.969863
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Article ; Online: Liver Bacterial Colonization in Patients with Obesity and Gut Dysbiosis.

Paiano, Lucia / Mastronardi, Manuela / Campisciano, Giuseppina / Rosso, Natalia / Casagranda, Biagio / Comar, Manola / de Manzini, Nicolò / Palmisano, Silvia

Obesity surgery

2023 Volume 34, Issue 2, Page(s) 402–408

Abstract: Purpose: Recently, the link between gut microbiota, liver inflammation, and obesity has become an interesting focus of research. The aim of this study is to show the possible relation between gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with obesity and the ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Recently, the link between gut microbiota, liver inflammation, and obesity has become an interesting focus of research. The aim of this study is to show the possible relation between gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with obesity and the presence of bacterial genomes in their liver biopsies. Materials and methods: A prospective study on patients undergoing bariatric surgery was carried out. Anthropometric and metabolic data, comorbidities, stool samples, and hepatic biopsies were collected and analyzed at the time of surgery. The V3-16S rRNA region was sequenced using the Ion Torrent new-generation sequencing platform. Results: In each of the 23 patients enrolled, the bacterial population was analyzed both in the stools and liver. In eight patients (34.7%), Prevotella (62.5%), Bacteroides (50%), Streptococcus (12.5%), and Dalister (12.5%) were found in both samples, simultaneously; in 15 cases, the liver was free from colonization. The statistically significant difference between groups was a Roseburia intestinalis reduction in fecal samples of patients with liver biopsies colonized by bacteria (1% vs 3%; p = 0.0339). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the presence of bacterial genome in a liver biopsy on bariatric patients, instead of the microbe-associated molecular patterns. Notably, in literature, the presence of Roseburia intestinalis in stool samples has been shown to prevent intestinal inflammation playing its role in the gut barrier integrity. In our population, the Roseburia reduction was associated with the presence of bacterial genome in the liver, probably related to a greater permeability of the gut and vascular barriers.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Dysbiosis ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Prospective Studies ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery ; Obesity/surgery ; Obesity/complications ; Liver ; Inflammation/complications ; Clostridiales
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1070827-3
ISSN	1708-0428 ; 0960-8923
ISSN (online)	1708-0428
ISSN	0960-8923
DOI	10.1007/s11695-023-06989-2
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Article ; Online: Urgent Hospitalizations Related to Viral Respiratory Disease in Children during Autumn and Winter Seasons 2022/2023.

Peri, Francesca / Lorenzon, Beatrice / Cason, Carolina / Amaddeo, Alessandro / Norbedo, Stefania / Comar, Manola / Barbi, Egidio / Cozzi, Giorgio

Viruses

2023 Volume 15, Issue 12

Abstract: Aim: The loosening of social distancing measures over the past two years has led to a resurgence of seasonal epidemics associated with respiratory viral infections in children. We aim to describe the impact of such infections through urgent ... ...

Abstract	Aim: The loosening of social distancing measures over the past two years has led to a resurgence of seasonal epidemics associated with respiratory viral infections in children. We aim to describe the impact of such infections through urgent hospitalizations in a pediatric emergency department. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of medical records of all children and adolescents with a positive nasal swab admitted at the children's hospital IRCCS Burlo Garofolo of Trieste, in Italy, from September 2021 to March 2022, and September 2022 to March 2023. Results: Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza viruses accounted for up to 55% of hospitalizations for respiratory infections during the study periods. During the last season, the number of hospitalizations related to the Influenza virus was five times higher than those related to SARS-CoV-2 (25% vs. 5%). Respiratory Syncytial Virus was associated with a greater need for respiratory support, mostly HFNC (High Flow Nasal Cannula). Conclusions: Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza virus had a more significant impact on urgent hospitalizations during the past wintery seasons than SARS-CoV-2.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Seasons ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Virus Diseases/epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Hospitalization
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v15122425
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Article ; Online: Genital Dysbiosis and Different Systemic Immune Responses Based on the Trimester of Pregnancy in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Campisciano, Giuseppina / Sorz, Alice / Cason, Carolina / Zanotta, Nunzia / Gionechetti, Fabrizia / Piazza, Maria / Carli, Petra / Uliana, Francesca Maria / Ballaminut, Lisa / Ricci, Giuseppe / De Seta, Francesco / Maso, Gianpaolo / Comar, Manola

International journal of molecular sciences

2024 Volume 25, Issue 8

Abstract: Respiratory infections are common in pregnancy with conflicting evidence supporting their association with neonatal congenital anomalies, especially during the first trimester. We profiled cytokine and chemokine systemic responses in 242 pregnant women ... ...

Abstract	Respiratory infections are common in pregnancy with conflicting evidence supporting their association with neonatal congenital anomalies, especially during the first trimester. We profiled cytokine and chemokine systemic responses in 242 pregnant women and their newborns after SARS-CoV-2 infection, acquired in different trimesters. Also, we tested transplacental IgG passage and maternal vaginal-rectal microbiomes. IgG transplacental passage was evident, especially with infection acquired in the first trimester. G-CSF concentration-involved in immune cell recruitment-decreased in infected women compared to uninfected ones: a beneficial event for the reduction of inflammation but detrimental to ability to fight infections at birth. The later the infection was acquired, the higher the systemic concentration of IL-8, IP-10, and MCP-1, associated with COVID-19 disease severity. All infected women showed dysbiosis of vaginal and rectal microbiomes, compared to uninfected ones. Two newborns tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 within the first 48 h of life. Notably, their mothers had acute infection at delivery. Although respiratory infections in pregnancy are reported to affect babies' health, with SARS-CoV-2 acquired early during gestation this risk seems low because of the maternal immune response. The observed vaginal and rectal dysbiosis could be relevant for neonatal microbiome establishment, although in our series immediate neonatal outcomes were reassuring.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; COVID-19/immunology ; Dysbiosis/immunology ; Dysbiosis/microbiology ; Adult ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/microbiology ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology ; Vagina/microbiology ; Vagina/immunology ; Vagina/virology ; Infant, Newborn ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Pregnancy Trimesters/immunology ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Microbiota/immunology
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Immunoglobulin G
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25084298
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Article ; Online: Zinc prevents vaginal candidiasis by inhibiting expression of an inflammatory fungal protein.

Roselletti, Elena / Pericolini, Eva / Nore, Alexandre / Takacs, Peter / Kozma, Bence / Sala, Arianna / De Seta, Francesco / Comar, Manola / Usher, Jane / Brown, Gordon D / Wilson, Duncan

Science translational medicine

2023 Volume 15, Issue 725, Page(s) eadi3363

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Candida
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/drug therapy ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/prevention & control ; Zinc/pharmacology ; Zinc/metabolism ; Vagina ; Candida albicans ; Inflammation/pathology
Chemical Substances	Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518854-9
ISSN	1946-6242 ; 1946-6234
ISSN (online)	1946-6242
ISSN	1946-6234
DOI	10.1126/scitranslmed.adi3363
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Article ; Online: Prevalence of IgG antibodies against Malawi polyomavirus in patients with autoimmune diseases and lymphoproliferative disorders subjected to bone marrow transplantation.

Nicol, Jérôme T J / Mazzoni, Elisa / Iaquinta, Maria Rosa / De Pace, Raffaella / Gaboriaud, Pauline / Maximova, Natalia / Cason, Carolina / De Martino, Eleonora / Mazziotta, Chiara / Coursaget, Pierre / Touzé, Antoine / Boz, Valentina / Comar, Manola / Tognon, Mauro / Martini, Fernanda

Frontiers in immunology

2024 Volume 14, Page(s) 1293313

Abstract: Introduction: Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) cause persistent/latent infections in a large fraction of the population. HPyV infections may cause severe diseases in immunocompromised patients. Malawi polyomavirus (MWPyV) is the 10th discovered human ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) cause persistent/latent infections in a large fraction of the population. HPyV infections may cause severe diseases in immunocompromised patients. Malawi polyomavirus (MWPyV) is the 10th discovered human polyomavirus (HPyV 10). MWPyV was found in stool samples of healthy children. So far, the few investigations carried out on HPyV 10 did not find an association with human disease. Methods: In this study, to verify the putative association between MWPyV and human diseases, MWPyV seroprevalence was investigated in patients affected by i) lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) and ii) immune system disorders, i.e., autoimmune diseases (ADs), and in iii) healthy subjects. An indirect ELISA, employing virus-like particles (VLPs) to detect serum IgG antibodies against MWPyV/HPyV 10, was carried out. The study also revealed the prevalence of another polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Results: Sera from patients with distinct autoimmune diseases ( Discussion: MWPyV seroprevalence indicates that this HPyV is not associated with lymphoproliferative and autoimmune diseases. However, the ability to produce high levels of antibodies against MWPyV appears to be impaired in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. Immunological investigations indicate that MWPyV seroconversion occurs early in life. MCPyV appears to be a ubiquitous polyomavirus, like other HPyVs, in the human population.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Adolescent ; Polyomavirus ; Polyomavirus Infections ; Immunoglobulin G ; Prevalence ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Malawi/epidemiology ; Merkel cell polyomavirus ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders/epidemiology ; Autoimmune Diseases/epidemiology ; Autoimmune Diseases/complications
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulin G
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293313
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Article: IgG and IgA Antibodies Post SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in the Breast Milk and Sera of Breastfeeding Women.

Scrimin, Federica / Campisciano, Giuseppina / Comar, Manola / Ragazzon, Chiara / Davanzo, Riccardo / Quadrifoglio, Mariachiara / Giangreco, Manuela / Stabile, Guglielmo / Ricci, Giuseppe

Vaccines

2022 Volume 10, Issue 1

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has carried massive global health and economic burden that is currently counteracted by a challenging anti-COVID-19 vaccination campaign. Indeed, mass vaccination against COVID-19 is expected to be the most efficacious intervention ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic has carried massive global health and economic burden that is currently counteracted by a challenging anti-COVID-19 vaccination campaign. Indeed, mass vaccination against COVID-19 is expected to be the most efficacious intervention to mitigate the pandemic successfully. The primary objective of the present study is to test the presence of neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgA and IgG) in the breast milk and sera samples from vaccinated women at least 20 days after the complete vaccine cycle. A secondary aim is to compare the IgG antibodies level in maternal serum and breast milk. The third target is to evaluate the presence of the IgG antibodies in breast milk after several weeks from the vaccination. Finally, we collected information on the health status of infants in the days following maternal vaccination. Forty-two mothers were enrolled in the study. Thirty-six received the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, four the Astra Zeneca vaccine, one the Moderna vaccine and another woman Astra Zeneca in the first dose and Pfizer/BioNTech in the second dose. All 42 milk samples confirmed the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and none showed IgA presence. Regarding the matched 42 sera samples, 41 samples detected IgG presence, with one sample testing negative and only one positive for seric IgA. None of the 42 infants had fever or changes in sleep or appetite in the seven days following the maternal vaccination. The level of IgG antibodies in milk was, on average, lower than that in maternal serum. According to our analysis, the absence of IgA could suggest a rapid decrease after vaccination even if frequent breastfeeding could favour its persistence. IgG were present in breast milk even 4 months after the second vaccine dose. Information on the immunological characteristics of breast milk could change mothers' choices regarding breastfeeding.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines10010125
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Article ; Online: Anti-Spike Antibodies Present in the Milk of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinated Mothers Are Complement-Activating.

Agostinis, Chiara / Toffoli, Miriam / Balduit, Andrea / Mangogna, Alessandro / Yasmin, Hadida / Ragazzon, Chiara / Pegoraro, Silvia / Campisciano, Giuseppina / Stabile, Guglielmo / Zito, Gabriella / Kishore, Uday / Comar, Manola / Scrimin, Federica / Bulla, Roberta / Ricci, Giuseppe

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 5

Abstract: Although only 0.8-1% of SARS-CoV-2 infections are in the 0-9 age-group, pneumonia is still the leading cause of infant mortality globally. Antibodies specifically directed against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) are produced during severe COVID-19 ... ...

Abstract	Although only 0.8-1% of SARS-CoV-2 infections are in the 0-9 age-group, pneumonia is still the leading cause of infant mortality globally. Antibodies specifically directed against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) are produced during severe COVID-19 manifestations. Following vaccination, specific antibodies are also detected in the milk of breastfeeding mothers. Since antibody binding to viral antigens can trigger activation of the complement classical - pathway, we investigated antibody-dependent complement activation by anti-S immunoglobulins (Igs) present in breast milk following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. This was in view of the fact that complement could play a fundamentally protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infection in newborns. Thus, 22 vaccinated, lactating healthcare and school workers were enrolled, and a sample of serum and milk was collected from each woman. We first tested for the presence of anti-S IgG and IgA in serum and milk of breastfeeding women by ELISA. We then measured the concentration of the first subcomponents of the three complement pathways (i.e., C1q, MBL, and C3) and the ability of anti-S Igs detected in milk to activate the complement in vitro. The current study demonstrated that vaccinated mothers have anti-S IgG in serum as well as in breast milk, which is capable of activating complement and may confer a protective benefit to breastfed newborns.
MeSH term(s)	Infant, Newborn ; Infant ; Female ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Lactation ; COVID-19 ; Milk, Human ; Complement System Proteins ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Viral
Chemical Substances	spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Complement System Proteins (9007-36-7) ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms24054395
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