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  1. Article ; Online: Survival of clinical and environmental carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 in surface water.

    Ferreira, Catarina / Luzietti, Lara / Ribeirinho-Soares, Sara / Nunes, Olga C / Vaz-Moreira, Ivone / Manaia, Célia M

    Environmental research

    2023  Volume 237, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 116928

    Abstract: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae represents a healthcare threat, already disseminated in the environment. This study aimed to compare the behaviour of a clinical and an environmental K. pneumoniae strain (multilocus sequence type ST147) ... ...

    Abstract Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae represents a healthcare threat, already disseminated in the environment. This study aimed to compare the behaviour of a clinical and an environmental K. pneumoniae strain (multilocus sequence type ST147) harbouring the gene bla
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-20
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 205699-9
    ISSN 1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
    ISSN (online) 1096-0953
    ISSN 0013-9351
    DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116928
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  2. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence and indexes of IgG antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 infection among People Living With HIV, tuberculosis patients and healthcare workers, in Salvador, Brazil.

    de Santana, Daniele Souza / Netto, Eduardo Martins / Vaz, Sara Nunes / Dantas, Paulo Henrique / Brites, Carlos

    The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases

    2023  Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 102811

    Abstract: ... some of which are considered at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Little is known about the susceptibility ... with active pulmonary tuberculosis and Hospital's Healthcare Workers (HCW), and to compare their SARS-CoV-2 ... to August 10, 2021. IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from all participants (275 PLWH, 42 with active tuberculosis ...

    Abstract Introduction: COVID-19 can trigger different clinical presentations in distinct population groups, some of which are considered at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Little is known about the susceptibility of certain populations to the infection.
    Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 among People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWH) attending a tertiary public hospital in Salvador, Brazil, patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and Hospital's Healthcare Workers (HCW), and to compare their SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels.
    Methods: In this observational study we included 2294 participants from June 9, 2020 to August 10, 2021. IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from all participants (275 PLWH, 42 with active tuberculosis and 1977 healthcare workers) were measured. Prevalence of COVID-19 and antibodies indexes were compared across groups.
    Results: We detected a higher prevalence of COVID-19 in patients with active tuberculosis (42.9%) than in PLWH (22.5%) or HCW (11.7%). Previously vaccinated participants with a COVID-19 history had median higher IgG antibody indexes (8.2; IQR: 5.5‒10) than those vaccinated who did not have COVID-19 until the time of this study (4.1; IQR: 1.6‒6.2, p < 0.001).
    Conclusion: Prevalence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was higher among tuberculosis patients than that found in HCW and PLWH, but antibodies levels were similar across groups.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Antibodies, Viral ; Health Personnel ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-06
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041400-6
    ISSN 1678-4391 ; 1413-8670
    ISSN (online) 1678-4391
    ISSN 1413-8670
    DOI 10.1016/j.bjid.2023.102811
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  3. Article ; Online: Chlorhexidine mouthwash reduces the salivary viral load of SARS-CoV-2: A randomized clinical trial.

    Costa, Denis Damião / Brites, Carlos / Vaz, Sara Nunes / de Santana, Daniele Souza / Dos Santos, Jean Nunes / Cury, Patricia Ramos

    Oral diseases

    2021  Volume 28 Suppl 2, Page(s) 2500–2508

    Abstract: ... on the salivary load of SARS-CoV-2.: Materials and methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled ... trial was performed on 100 participants positive for SARS-CoV-2. In the test group (n = 50), volunteers ... a reduction of viral load. Furthermore, there was a reduction in the load of SARS-CoV-2 in 72 ...

    Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate on the salivary load of SARS-CoV-2.
    Materials and methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 100 participants positive for SARS-CoV-2. In the test group (n = 50), volunteers gargled with a mouthwash containing 15 ml of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate for 1 min, while the control group (n = 50) used a placebo. Saliva samples were obtained before (baseline) and 5 and 60 min after using the solutions. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays (qRT-PCR) were carried out and the cycle threshold (Ct) was computed. The chi-square test and t-test were used for group comparison (p ≤ 0.05).
    Results: The differences in Ct values between the 5-min evaluation and baseline (test group: 2.19 ± 4.30; control: -0.40 ± 3.87, p = 0.002) and between 60 min and baseline (test group: 2.45 ± 3.88; control: 0.76 ± 4.41, p = 0.05) were significantly greater in the test group, revealing a reduction of viral load. Furthermore, there was a reduction in the load of SARS-CoV-2 in 72% of the volunteers using chlorhexidine versus 30% in the control group (p = 0.001).
    Conclusions: Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.12%) was effective in reducing salivary SARS-CoV-2 load for at least 60 min.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Chlorhexidine/therapeutic use ; Mouthwashes/therapeutic use ; Viral Load ; COVID-19
    Chemical Substances chlorhexidine gluconate (MOR84MUD8E) ; Chlorhexidine (R4KO0DY52L) ; Mouthwashes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-11
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1290529-x
    ISSN 1601-0825 ; 1354-523X
    ISSN (online) 1601-0825
    ISSN 1354-523X
    DOI 10.1111/odi.14086
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  4. Article ; Online: Validation of the GeneXpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 PCR assay using saliva as biological specimen.

    Vaz, Sara Nunes / Santana, Daniele Souza de / Netto, Eduardo Martins / Wang, Wei-Kung / Brites, Carlos

    The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases

    2021  Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 101543

    Abstract: In the pandemic, rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial in controlling the outbreak ... detection of the virus. We intended to evaluate the test performance of the Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 ... for amplification of E and RdRp genes and the Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay amplified E and N2 genes ...

    Abstract In the pandemic, rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial in controlling the outbreak. Recent studies have shown a high detection rate using saliva/oral fluids as specimens for laboratory detection of the virus. We intended to evaluate the test performance of the Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 cartridge assay in comparison to a conventional qRT-PCR testing, using saliva as biological specimen. Forty saliva samples from symptomatic participants were collected. Conventional qRT-PCR was performed for amplification of E and RdRp genes and the Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay amplified E and N2 genes. In the conventional assay, the median cycle threshold value of the E gene was 34.9, and of the RdRp gene was 38.3. In the Xpert Xpress assay, the median cycle threshold value of the E gene was 29.7, and of the N2 gene was 31.6. These results can allow a broaden use of molecular tests for management of COVID-19 pandemic, especially in resources-limited settings.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Humans ; Nasopharynx ; Pandemics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Saliva ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Specimen Handling
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-15
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041400-6
    ISSN 1678-4391 ; 1413-8670
    ISSN (online) 1678-4391
    ISSN 1413-8670
    DOI 10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101543
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  5. Article ; Online: Evaluation of Prognostic Factors of Severity in Acute Biliary Pancreatitis.

    Silva-Vaz, Pedro / Abrantes, Ana Margarida / Morgado-Nunes, Sara / Castelo-Branco, Miguel / Gouveia, António / Botelho, Maria Filomena / Tralhão, José Guilherme

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2020  Volume 21, Issue 12

    Abstract: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas that, when classified as severe, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Promptly identifying the severity of AP is of extreme importance for improving clinical outcomes. The ... ...

    Abstract Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas that, when classified as severe, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Promptly identifying the severity of AP is of extreme importance for improving clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic value of serological biomarkers, ratios, and multifactorial scores in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis and to identify the best predictors. In this observational and prospective study, the biomarkers, ratios and multifactorial scores were evaluated on admission and at 48 h of the symptom onset. On admission, regarding the AP severity, the white blood count (WBC) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and regarding the mortality, the WBC and the modified Marshall score (MMS) showed the best predictive values. At 48 h, regarding the AP severity, the hepcidin, NLR, systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and MMS and regarding the mortality, the NLR, hepcidin and the bedside index for severity in AP (BISAP) score, showed the best predictive values. The present study enabled the identification, for the first time, of SIRI as a new prognostic tool for AP severity, and validated hepcidin and the NLR as better prognostic markers than C-reactive protein (CRP) at 48 h of symptom onset.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers/blood ; Female ; Hepcidins/blood ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis/blood ; Pancreatitis/mortality ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Hepcidins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms21124300
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  6. Article: Plasmatic Oxidative and Metabonomic Profile of Patients with Different Degrees of Biliary Acute Pancreatitis Severity.

    Silva-Vaz, Pedro / Jarak, Ivana / Rato, Luís / Oliveira, Pedro F / Morgado-Nunes, Sara / Paulino, Aida / Castelo-Branco, Miguel / Botelho, Maria Filomena / Tralhão, José Guilherme / Alves, Marco G / Abrantes, Ana Margarida

    Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 6

    Abstract: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involvement of the pancreatic and peripancreatic tissues and remote organ systems. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory biomarkers, oxidative stress ( ...

    Abstract Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involvement of the pancreatic and peripancreatic tissues and remote organ systems. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory biomarkers, oxidative stress (OS), and plasma metabolome of patients with different degrees of biliary AP severity to improve its prognosis. Twenty-nine patients with biliary AP and 11 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. We analyzed several inflammatory biomarkers, multifactorial scores, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidants defenses, and the plasma metabolome of biliary AP and healthy controls. Hepcidin (1.00), CRP (0.94), and SIRI (0.87) were the most accurate serological biomarkers of AP severity. OS played a pivotal role in the initial phase of AP, with significant changes in ROS and antioxidant defenses relating to AP severity. Phenylalanine (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704216-9
    ISSN 2076-3921
    ISSN 2076-3921
    DOI 10.3390/antiox10060988
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  7. Article ; Online: Saliva is a reliable, non-invasive specimen for SARS-CoV-2 detection.

    Vaz, Sara Nunes / Santana, Daniele Souza de / Netto, Eduardo Martins / Pedroso, Celia / Wang, Wei-Kung / Santos, Felice Deminco Alves / Brites, Carlos

    The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases

    2020  Volume 24, Issue 5, Page(s) 422–427

    Abstract: Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause ... PCR) of respiratory specimens is the gold standard test for detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection ... presenting with signs/symptoms suggesting SARS-CoV-2 infection underwent a nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and/or ...

    Abstract Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although Real Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) of respiratory specimens is the gold standard test for detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection, collecting nasopharyngeal swabs causes discomfort to patients and may represent considerable risk for healthcare workers. The use of saliva as a diagnostic sample has several advantages.
    Objectives: The aim of this study was to validate the use of saliva as a biological sample for diagnosis of COVID-19.
    Methods: This study was conducted at Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory (LAPI), in Salvador, Brazil. Participants presenting with signs/symptoms suggesting SARS-CoV-2 infection underwent a nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and/or oropharyngeal swab (OPS), and saliva collection. Saliva samples were diluted in PBS, followed by RNA isolation and RT-Real Time PCR for SARS-CoV-2. Results of conventional vs saliva samples testing were compared. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS) version 18.0.
    Results: One hundred fifty-five participants were recruited and samples pairs of NPS/OPS and saliva were collected. The sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR using saliva samples were 94.4% (95% CI 86.4-97.8) and 97.62% (95% CI 91.7-99.3), respectively. There was an overall high agreement (96.1%) between the two tests.
    Conclusions: Use of self-collected saliva samples is an easy, convenient, and low-cost alternative to conventional NP swab-based molecular tests. These results may allow a broader use of molecular tests for management of COVID19 pandemic, especially in resources-limited settings.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; Brazil ; COVID-19 ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Saliva
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-31
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041400-6
    ISSN 1678-4391 ; 1413-8670
    ISSN (online) 1678-4391
    ISSN 1413-8670
    DOI 10.1016/j.bjid.2020.08.001
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  8. Article ; Online: Virological suppression in children and adolescents is not influenced by genotyping, but depends on optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy.

    Abreu, Juliana Costa de / Vaz, Sara Nunes / Netto, Eduardo Martins / Brites, Carlos

    The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases

    2017  Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 219–225

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the virological outcomes in children and adolescents infected with HIV-1 in Salvador, Bahia according to genotyping results.: Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the rates of virological suppression of children and ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate the virological outcomes in children and adolescents infected with HIV-1 in Salvador, Bahia according to genotyping results.
    Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the rates of virological suppression of children and adolescents submitted to HIV-1 genotyping test from January/2008 to December/2012. The participants were followed in the two referral centers for pediatric AIDS care, in Salvador, Brazil. Resistance mutations, drug sensitivity profiles, and viral subtypes were analyzed using the Stanford HIV-1 Drug Resistance Database. Adherence was estimated by drugs withdrawal at pharmacies of the two sites.
    Results: 101 subjects were included: 35 (34.6%) were drug-naïve, and the remaining 66 were failing ART. In drug-naïve group, 3 (8.6%), presented with NNRTIs resistance mutations, along with polymorphic mutations to PIs in most (82.8%) of them. Among the failing therapy group, we detected a high frequency (89.4%) of resistance mutations to PIs, NRTI (84.8%), and NNRTI (59.1%). Virological suppression after introduction/modification of genotyping-guided ART was achieved only for patients (53.1%) with drug withdrawal over 95%. Main detected HIV-1 subtypes were B (67.3%), F (7.9), C (1.9%), and recombinant forms (22.9%).
    Conclusions: Despite the use of genotyping tests in guidance of a more effective antiretroviral regimen, poor adherence to ART seems to be the main determinant of low virological suppression rate for children and adolescents, in Salvador, Brazil.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/virology ; HIV-1/genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Medication Adherence ; Mutation ; Retrospective Studies ; Viral Load/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Anti-HIV Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-27
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041400-6
    ISSN 1678-4391 ; 1413-8670
    ISSN (online) 1678-4391
    ISSN 1413-8670
    DOI 10.1016/j.bjid.2017.02.001
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  9. Article ; Online: Evaluation of Prognostic Factors of Severity in Acute Biliary Pancreatitis

    Pedro Silva-Vaz / Ana Margarida Abrantes / Sara Morgado-Nunes / Miguel Castelo-Branco / António Gouveia / Maria Filomena Botelho / José Guilherme Tralhão

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 4300, p

    2020  Volume 4300

    Abstract: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas that, when classified as severe, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Promptly identifying the severity of AP is of extreme importance for improving clinical outcomes. The ... ...

    Abstract Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas that, when classified as severe, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Promptly identifying the severity of AP is of extreme importance for improving clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic value of serological biomarkers, ratios, and multifactorial scores in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis and to identify the best predictors. In this observational and prospective study, the biomarkers, ratios and multifactorial scores were evaluated on admission and at 48 h of the symptom onset. On admission, regarding the AP severity, the white blood count (WBC) and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and regarding the mortality, the WBC and the modified Marshall score (MMS) showed the best predictive values. At 48 h, regarding the AP severity, the hepcidin, NLR, systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and MMS and regarding the mortality, the NLR, hepcidin and the bedside index for severity in AP (BISAP) score, showed the best predictive values. The present study enabled the identification, for the first time, of SIRI as a new prognostic tool for AP severity, and validated hepcidin and the NLR as better prognostic markers than C-reactive protein (CRP) at 48 h of symptom onset.
    Keywords acute biliary pancreatitis ; inflammation ; prognostic ; severity ; hepcidin ; systemic inflammatory response index ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 310
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Saliva is a reliable, non-invasive specimen for SARS-CoV-2 detection

    Vaz, Sara Nunes / Santana, Daniele Souza de / Netto, Eduardo Martins / Pedroso, Celia / Wang, Wei-Kung / Santos, Felice Deminco Alves / Brites, Carlos

    The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

    2020  Volume 24, Issue 5, Page(s) 422–427

    Keywords Microbiology (medical) ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2041400-6
    ISSN 1678-4391 ; 1413-8670
    ISSN (online) 1678-4391
    ISSN 1413-8670
    DOI 10.1016/j.bjid.2020.08.001
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