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  1. Article ; Online: Consider the hubris syndrome for inclusion in our classification systems.

    Selten, Jean-Paul

    Psychological medicine

    2023  Volume 53, Issue 13, Page(s) 5889–5891

    Abstract: Successful leaders are at risk of developing exaggerated pride, contempt for others, and a diminished sense of reality. The ancient Greeks feared this syndrome and called it hubris. Although certain contemporaneous leaders show signs of hubris and pose a ...

    Abstract Successful leaders are at risk of developing exaggerated pride, contempt for others, and a diminished sense of reality. The ancient Greeks feared this syndrome and called it hubris. Although certain contemporaneous leaders show signs of hubris and pose a great danger, the hubris syndrome does not yet figure in our classification systems. The purpose of this paper is to examine several aspects of its validity, including clinical description, laboratory study, and exclusion of other disorders. Firstly, a substantial body of evidence indicates that the hubris syndrome may develop after a person has held substantial power for a considerable amount of time. Thus, the syndrome differs from a personality disorder with its characteristic onset in late adolescence or early adulthood. It is proposed, therefore, that the syndrome is a non-organic personality change after gaining substantial power or achieving overwhelming success, characterized by the emergence or marked increase of pathological personality traits within the domains of dissociality and disinhibition. Within the domain of dissociality, grandiosity is an obligatory trait. Secondly, with reference to laboratory study, recent evidence suggests that machine learning algorithms have the ability to differentiate hubristic from non-hubristic speech patterns. Thirdly, the exclusion of other disorders is difficult, because individuals with the hubris syndrome do not collaborate in any investigation. Some suggestions are made to overcome this problem. In conclusion, there is sufficient reason to further examine the validity of the hubris syndrome and to consider it for inclusion in our classification systems.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Humans ; Adult ; Algorithms ; Delusions ; Emotions ; Fear ; Machine Learning ; Syndrome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 217420-0
    ISSN 1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
    ISSN (online) 1469-8978
    ISSN 0033-2917
    DOI 10.1017/S0033291723002672
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia is more topical than ever. Reply to Schalbroeck.

    Selten, Jean-Paul

    Psychological medicine

    2021  Volume 53, Issue 1, Page(s) 290–291

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Schizophrenia ; Social Defeat ; Stress, Psychological ; Social Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 217420-0
    ISSN 1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
    ISSN (online) 1469-8978
    ISSN 0033-2917
    DOI 10.1017/S0033291720005176
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Letter to Editor regarding "Higher rates of first episode psychosis in immigrants admitted in inpatient unit at southwest Spain".

    Selten, Jean-Paul / Termorshuizen, Fabian

    Psychiatry research

    2023  Volume 322, Page(s) 115016

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Spain ; Inpatients ; Psychotic Disorders ; Hospitalization ; Emigrants and Immigrants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-04
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 445361-x
    ISSN 1872-7123 ; 1872-7506 ; 0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
    ISSN (online) 1872-7123 ; 1872-7506
    ISSN 0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
    DOI 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.115016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Risk of psychosis among migrants to the Netherlands by time since arrival.

    Termorshuizen, Fabian / Selten, Jean-Paul

    Psychological medicine

    2022  Volume 53, Issue 10, Page(s) 4395–4404

    Abstract: Background: The high risk of psychosis among migrants is often attributed to social stressors in the host country. We examined whether the relative risk of psychosis among migrants is low on arrival and increases thereafter.: Methods: In this cohort ... ...

    Abstract Background: The high risk of psychosis among migrants is often attributed to social stressors in the host country. We examined whether the relative risk of psychosis among migrants is low on arrival and increases thereafter.
    Methods: In this cohort study, first-generation immigrants to the Netherlands, aged 10 years and older (
    Results: The IRR of APM was 0.22 (95% CI 0.21-0.24) in the year of arrival ('year 1') and increased gradually to 1.39 (1.19-1.62) after 10 or more years. The IRR of an insurance claim increased from 0.57 (0.51-0.62) to 1.87 (1.38-2.55) in year 5. Among migrants from sub-Saharan Africa, the IRR of an insurance claim was already high in year 1 [2.46 (1.95-3.11)], especially when aged 10-20 years at arrival [6.09 (2.93-12.64)]. Among migrants from other non-Western countries, the IRR was already significantly increased in year 2 [1.28 (1.03-1.59)].
    Conclusions: The relative risk of psychosis among migrants was generally low at arrival and increased thereafter. The increased IRRs in the early years after arrival among those from non-Western countries indicate that for these groups certain risk factors are already relevant shortly after arrival.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Transients and Migrants ; Cohort Studies ; Netherlands/epidemiology ; Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology ; Psychotic Disorders/therapy ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 217420-0
    ISSN 1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
    ISSN (online) 1469-8978
    ISSN 0033-2917
    DOI 10.1017/S0033291722001192
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Low status, humiliation, dopamine and risk of schizophrenia.

    Selten, Jean Paul / Ormel, Johan

    Psychological medicine

    2023  Volume 53, Issue 3, Page(s) 609–613

    Abstract: The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia, which proposes that the chronic experience of outsider status or subordinate position leads to increased striatal dopamine activity and thereby to increased risk, has been criticized. The aims of this paper ... ...

    Abstract The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia, which proposes that the chronic experience of outsider status or subordinate position leads to increased striatal dopamine activity and thereby to increased risk, has been criticized. The aims of this paper are to improve the definition of defeat and to integrate the social defeat hypothesis with the neurodevelopmental hypothesis. Marmot advanced the idea that low status is pathogenic in that it is associated with a lack of social participation and a lack of autonomy. Given the similarity with outsider status and subordinate position, we re-define social defeat as low status. From this new perspective it is also likely that pre-schizophrenic impairments (of neurodevelopmental origin or not) are pathogenic in that they contribute to low status. The effect of low status may be enhanced by repeated exposure to humiliation, but few studies have measured this variable. Since most individuals exposed to low status do not develop schizophrenia, we propose that this risk factor increases the risk of disorder in the presence of a poor homeostatic control of dopamine neurons in midbrain and dorsal striatum. This is consistent with studies of healthy subjects which report a negative association between low socio-economic status and dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability in the dorsal striatum. In this new version of the social defeat hypothesis we propose that the combination of low status, repeated humiliation and poor homeostatic control of dopamine neurons in midbrain and dorsal striatum leads to increased striatal dopamine activity and thereby to an increased risk of schizophrenia.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Dopamine ; Schizophrenia/epidemiology ; Schizophrenia/etiology ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine D3/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Dopamine (VTD58H1Z2X) ; Receptors, Dopamine D3
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 217420-0
    ISSN 1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
    ISSN (online) 1469-8978
    ISSN 0033-2917
    DOI 10.1017/S0033291722003816
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The risk of psychosis for transgender individuals: a Dutch national cohort study.

    Termorshuizen, Fabian / de Vries, Annelou L C / Wiepjes, Chantal M / Selten, Jean-Paul

    Psychological medicine

    2023  Volume 53, Issue 16, Page(s) 7923–7932

    Abstract: Background: The stressful minority position of transgender persons may result in a high risk of psychosis. Conflicting data suggest that the observed risk depends on setting of recruitment. We assessed the relative risk of non-affective psychotic ... ...

    Abstract Background: The stressful minority position of transgender persons may result in a high risk of psychosis. Conflicting data suggest that the observed risk depends on setting of recruitment. We assessed the relative risk of non-affective psychotic disorder (NAPD) in a large, representative cohort of transgender persons.
    Methods: This cohort was composed using: data on legal sex change from the Dutch population registry and data on dispensing of cross-sex hormones (route 1), and a registry of insurance claims from mental health care including persons with a diagnosis of gender identity disorder (DSM-IV) or gender dysphoria (DSM-5) (route 2). They were matched by sex at birth, calendar year and country of birth to controls from the general population. Transgender persons (
    Results: The incidence rate ratio (IRR) of NAPD for transgender persons selected exclusively through route 1 (
    Conclusions: This study supports the social defeat-hypothesis of NAPD. The results also show the presence of a substantial number of transgender persons with severe psychiatric problems who have not (yet) taken steps to gender-affirmative care.
    MeSH term(s) Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Transgender Persons/psychology ; Cohort Studies ; Gender Dysphoria/epidemiology ; Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology ; Psychotic Disorders/psychology ; Affective Disorders, Psychotic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 217420-0
    ISSN 1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
    ISSN (online) 1469-8978
    ISSN 0033-2917
    DOI 10.1017/S0033291723002088
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Reply to Dr. Brown and Dr. Meyer.

    Selten, Jean-Paul / Termorshuizen, Fabian

    Schizophrenia research

    2017  Volume 190, Page(s) 184

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 639422-x
    ISSN 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
    ISSN (online) 1573-2509
    ISSN 0920-9964
    DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2017.03.021
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: "Ethnic density of neighbourhood at age 15 modifies the risk for psychosis". So what?

    Selten, Jean-Paul / Termorshuizen, Fabian

    Schizophrenia research

    2017  Volume 190, Page(s) 88–89

    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology ; Psychotic Disorders/ethnology ; Residence Characteristics ; Risk
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639422-x
    ISSN 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
    ISSN (online) 1573-2509
    ISSN 0920-9964
    DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2017.11.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Diverging effects of mentalization based treatment for patients with borderline personality disorder and schizophrenia: an explorative comparison.

    Weijers, Jonas G / van Kaam, Fleur / Selten, Jean-Paul / de Winter, Remco F P / Ten Kate, Coriene

    Frontiers in psychiatry

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1226507

    Abstract: Introduction: There is robust evidence that both patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) display mentalizing difficulties. Less is known however about differences in the way mentalization based treatment (MBT) impacts ...

    Abstract Introduction: There is robust evidence that both patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) display mentalizing difficulties. Less is known however about differences in the way mentalization based treatment (MBT) impacts mentalizing capacity in SCZ and BPD patients. This study compares the impact of MBT on mentalizing capacity in individuals with SCZ and BPD.
    Method: The thematic apperception test was used to measure mentalizing capacity. It was administered at the beginning and end of treatment to 26 patients with SCZ and 28 patients with BPD who enrolled in an 18-month long MBT program. For comparison a sample of 28 SCZ patients who did not receive MBT was also included. Using the social cognition and object-relations system, these narratives were analyzed and scored. Missing data was imputed and analyzed using intention-to-treat ANCOVAs with post-treatment measures of mentalizing capacity as dependent variables, group type as independent variable and baseline mentalizing capacities as covariates.
    Results: Results showed that patients with BPD showed significantly more improvement on several measures of mentalizing, including complexity of representation (η
    Discussion: Patients with BPD performed better after receiving MBT on three dimensions of mentalizing capacity than SCZ patients who received MBT. Remarkably, SCZ patients who received MBT performed better on one dimension of mentalizing capacity compared to SCZ patients who did not receive MBT. Whereas MBT for BPD clearly involves improvement on most aspects of mentalizing, MBT for SCZ seems to thwart a further decline of other-oriented, cognitive mentalizing. Treatment goals should be adapted toward these disorder-specific characteristics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564218-2
    ISSN 1664-0640
    ISSN 1664-0640
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1226507
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The serological evidence for maternal influenza as risk factor for psychosis in offspring is insufficient: critical review and meta-analysis.

    Selten, Jean-Paul / Termorshuizen, Fabian

    Schizophrenia research

    2017  Volume 183, Page(s) 2–9

    Abstract: Maternal influenza during pregnancy has been suggested to increase the psychosis risk for the offspring. This hypothesis has been tested using "ecological" studies, which examined the risk for individuals born after epidemics, and "serological" studies, ... ...

    Abstract Maternal influenza during pregnancy has been suggested to increase the psychosis risk for the offspring. This hypothesis has been tested using "ecological" studies, which examined the risk for individuals born after epidemics, and "serological" studies, based on serological evidence. A study of the latter type obtained an increased schizophrenia risk for individuals exposed during the first trimester. A second study found a relationship between influenza at any time during gestation and risk for bipolar disorder with psychotic features. The aims of this paper are to assess the validity of the serological studies and to evaluate the combined results of ecological and serological investigations using meta-analysis. The serological studies turned out to be of limited validity, because they utilized a single serum specimen. Since influenza antibodies can remain positive for years after infection, many mothers of cases may have been infected before pregnancy. For an adequate timing of exposure one needs an acute and a convalescent specimen, obtained 10-20days later. Meta-analysis with respect to schizophrenia: we pooled the results of the single serological investigation and 8 ecological studies related to the 1957 pandemic (with negative results) and found that the first investigation carried hardly any weight. Bipolar disorder: we pooled the results of the serological investigation and three other studies and obtained a mean, weighted odds ratio of 1.34 (95% CI 0.78-2.29) for individuals possibly exposed during prenatal life. The evidence for gestational influenza as psychosis risk factor is insufficient.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/blood ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology ; Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639422-x
    ISSN 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
    ISSN (online) 1573-2509
    ISSN 0920-9964
    DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2016.11.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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