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  1. Article: Wired to Doubt: Why People Fear Vaccines and Climate Change and Mistrust Science.

    Dobson, Geoffrey P

    Frontiers in medicine

    2022  Volume 8, Page(s) 809395

    Abstract: We all want to be right in our thinking. Vaccine hesitancy and global warming denial share much in common: (1) both are threats to personal, community and global health, (2) action is contingent on co-operation and social policy, and (3) public support ... ...

    Abstract We all want to be right in our thinking. Vaccine hesitancy and global warming denial share much in common: (1) both are threats to personal, community and global health, (2) action is contingent on co-operation and social policy, and (3) public support relies on trust in science. The irony is, however, as the science has become more convincing, public opinion has become more divided. A number of early polls showed that ~70% of people supported COVID-19 vaccine use and global warming, ~20% adopted a wait-and-see approach, and ~10% were staunch objectors. Although these percentages are approximate, what factors are responsible for the differences in engagement, doubt and distrust? How can we reduce the consensus gap? One approach is to return to grass roots and provide a brief history of the issues, understand the difference between fact and opinion, truth and falsehood, the problem of certainty, and how scientific consensus is reached. To doubt is a healthy response to new information, and it too has a scientific basis. Doubt and distrust reside in that region of the brain called the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for suppressing unwanted representations. Bridging the consensus gap requires shifting human thinking patterns from doubt to belief, and belief to action. Education and improved public messaging are key, and social media providers require urgent oversight or regulation to remove false and harmful/dangerous content from our digital lives. Delays to vaccinate and failure to reduce greenhouse gases will dramatically change the way we live. The new norm may be more deadly COVID variants, strained healthcare systems, extreme weather patterns, diminished food supply, delays in goods and services, damage to world's economies and widespread global instability.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2021.809395
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Transforming research to improve therapies for trauma in the twenty-first century: an alternative perspective.

    Dobson, Geoffrey P / Morris, Jodie L / Letson, Hayley L

    Critical care (London, England)

    2024  Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 135

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Wounds and Injuries/therapy ; Biomedical Research/trends ; Biomedical Research/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2041406-7
    ISSN 1466-609X ; 1364-8535
    ISSN (online) 1466-609X
    ISSN 1364-8535
    DOI 10.1186/s13054-024-04913-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Science and the War on Truth and Coronavirus.

    Dobson, Geoffrey P

    Frontiers in medicine

    2020  Volume 7, Page(s) 563

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2020.00563
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Pathophysiology of severe burn injuries: new therapeutic opportunities from a systems perspective.

    Dobson, Geoffrey P / Morris, Jodie L / Letson, Hayley L

    Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association

    2024  

    Abstract: Severe burn injury elicits a profound stress response with the potential for high morbidity and mortality. If polytrauma is present, patient outcomes appear to be worse. Sex-based comparisons indicate females have worse outcomes than males. There are few ...

    Abstract Severe burn injury elicits a profound stress response with the potential for high morbidity and mortality. If polytrauma is present, patient outcomes appear to be worse. Sex-based comparisons indicate females have worse outcomes than males. There are few effective drug therapies to treat burn shock and secondary injury progression. The lack of effective drugs appears to arise from the current treat-as-you-go approach rather than a more integrated systems approach. In this review, we present a brief history of burns research and discuss its pathophysiology from a systems' perspective. The severe burn injury phenotype appears to develop from a rapid and relentless barrage of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and neural afferent signals, which leads to a state of hyperinflammation, immune dysfunction, coagulopathy, hypermetabolism and intense pain. We propose that if the central nervous system (CNS) control of cardiovascular function and endothelial-glycocalyx-mitochondrial coupling can be restored early, these secondary injury processes may be minimized. The therapeutic goal is to switch the injury phenotype to a healing phenotype by reducing fluid leak and maintaining tissue O2 perfusion. Currently, no systems-based therapies exist to treat severe burns. We have been developing a small-volume fluid therapy comprising adenosine, lidocaine and magnesium (ALM) to treat hemorrhagic shock, traumatic brain injury and sepsis. Our early studies indicate that the ALM therapy holds some promise in supporting cardiovascular and pulmonary functions following severe burns. Future research will investigate the ability of ALM therapy to treat severe burns with polytrauma and sex disparities, and potential translation to humans.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2224246-6
    ISSN 1559-0488 ; 1559-047X
    ISSN (online) 1559-0488
    ISSN 1559-047X
    DOI 10.1093/jbcr/irae049
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Wired to Doubt

    Geoffrey P. Dobson

    Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

    Why People Fear Vaccines and Climate Change and Mistrust Science

    2022  Volume 8

    Abstract: We all want to be right in our thinking. Vaccine hesitancy and global warming denial share much in common: (1) both are threats to personal, community and global health, (2) action is contingent on co-operation and social policy, and (3) public support ... ...

    Abstract We all want to be right in our thinking. Vaccine hesitancy and global warming denial share much in common: (1) both are threats to personal, community and global health, (2) action is contingent on co-operation and social policy, and (3) public support relies on trust in science. The irony is, however, as the science has become more convincing, public opinion has become more divided. A number of early polls showed that ~70% of people supported COVID-19 vaccine use and global warming, ~20% adopted a wait-and-see approach, and ~10% were staunch objectors. Although these percentages are approximate, what factors are responsible for the differences in engagement, doubt and distrust? How can we reduce the consensus gap? One approach is to return to grass roots and provide a brief history of the issues, understand the difference between fact and opinion, truth and falsehood, the problem of certainty, and how scientific consensus is reached. To doubt is a healthy response to new information, and it too has a scientific basis. Doubt and distrust reside in that region of the brain called the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for suppressing unwanted representations. Bridging the consensus gap requires shifting human thinking patterns from doubt to belief, and belief to action. Education and improved public messaging are key, and social media providers require urgent oversight or regulation to remove false and harmful/dangerous content from our digital lives. Delays to vaccinate and failure to reduce greenhouse gases will dramatically change the way we live. The new norm may be more deadly COVID variants, strained healthcare systems, extreme weather patterns, diminished food supply, delays in goods and services, damage to world's economies and widespread global instability.
    Keywords science ; truth ; climate change ; social media ; education ; coronavirus ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Trauma of major surgery: A global problem that is not going away.

    Dobson, Geoffrey P

    International journal of surgery (London, England)

    2020  Volume 81, Page(s) 47–54

    Abstract: Globally, a staggering 310 million major surgeries are performed each year; around 40 to 50 million in USA and 20 million in Europe. It is estimated that 1-4% of these patients will die, up to 15% will have serious postoperative morbidity, and 5-15% will ...

    Abstract Globally, a staggering 310 million major surgeries are performed each year; around 40 to 50 million in USA and 20 million in Europe. It is estimated that 1-4% of these patients will die, up to 15% will have serious postoperative morbidity, and 5-15% will be readmitted within 30 days. An annual global mortality of around 8 million patients places major surgery comparable with the leading causes of death from cardiovascular disease and stroke, cancer and injury. If surgical complications were classified as a pandemic, like HIV/AIDS or coronavirus (COVID-19), developed countries would work together and devise an immediate action plan and allocate resources to address it. Seeking to reduce preventable deaths and post-surgical complications would save billions of dollars in healthcare costs. Part of the global problem resides in differences in institutional practice patterns in high- and low-income countries, and part from a lack of effective perioperative drug therapies to protect the patient from surgical stress. We briefly review the history of surgical stress and provide a path forward from a systems-based approach. Key to progress is recognizing that the anesthetized brain is still physiologically 'awake' and responsive to the sterile stressors of surgery. New intravenous drug therapies are urgently required after anesthesia and before the first incision to prevent the brain from switching to sympathetic overdrive and activating secondary injury progression such as hyperinflammation, coagulopathy, immune activation and metabolic dysfunction. A systems-based approach targeting central nervous system-mitochondrial coupling may help drive research to improve outcomes following major surgery in civilian and military medicine.
    MeSH term(s) Global Health ; Glycocalyx/physiology ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology ; Mitochondria/physiology ; Pituitary-Adrenal System/physiology ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control ; Stress, Physiological ; Surgical Procedures, Operative/adverse effects ; Surgical Procedures, Operative/mortality
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2212038-5
    ISSN 1743-9159 ; 1743-9191
    ISSN (online) 1743-9159
    ISSN 1743-9191
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.07.017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Adenosine, lidocaine and Mg

    Dobson, Geoffrey P / Morris, Jodie L / Letson, Hayley L

    Frontiers in medicine

    2023  Volume 10, Page(s) 1231759

    Abstract: If a trauma (or infection) exceeds the body's evolutionary design limits, a stress response is activated to quickly restore homeostasis. However, when the injury severity score is high, death is often imminent. The goal of this review is to provide an ... ...

    Abstract If a trauma (or infection) exceeds the body's evolutionary design limits, a stress response is activated to quickly restore homeostasis. However, when the injury severity score is high, death is often imminent. The goal of this review is to provide an update on the effect of small-volume adenosine, lidocaine and Mg
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2023.1231759
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Science and the War on Truth and Coronavirus

    Geoffrey P. Dobson

    Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

    2020  Volume 7

    Keywords science ; coronavirus ; truth ; university ; society ; funding ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Lung Protection After Severe Thermal Burns With Adenosine, Lidocaine, and Magnesium (ALM) Resuscitation and Importance of Shams in a Rat Model.

    Davenport, Lisa M / Letson, Hayley L / Dobson, Geoffrey P

    Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association

    2023  Volume 45, Issue 1, Page(s) 216–226

    Abstract: ... reduced malondialdehyde levels in the lungs compared to Saline (P = .023), and showed minimal alveolar ... destruction and inflammatory cell infiltration (P < .001). ALM also improved cardiac function and oxygen ... delivery (21%, P = .418 vs Saline), reduced gut injury (P < .001 vs Saline), and increased plasma ...

    Abstract The management of severe burns remains a complex challenge. Adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium (ALM) resuscitation therapy has been shown to protect against hemorrhagic shock and traumatic injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the early protective effects of small-volume ALM fluid resuscitation in a rat model of 30% total body surface area (TBSA) thermal injury. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (320-340 g; n = 25) were randomly assigned to: 1) Sham (surgical instrumentation and saline infusion, without burn, n = 5), 2) Saline resuscitation group (n = 10), or 3) ALM resuscitation group (n = 10). Treatments were initiated 15-min after burn trauma, including 0.7 mL/kg 3% NaCl ± ALM bolus and 0.25-0.5 mL/kg/h 0.9% NaCl ± ALM drip, with animals monitored to 8.25-hr post-burn. Hemodynamics, cardiac function, blood chemistry, hematology, endothelial injury markers and histopathology were assessed. Survival was 100% for Shams and 90% for both ALM and Saline groups. Shams underwent significant physiological, immune and hematological changes over time as a result of surgical traums. ALM significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels in the lungs compared to Saline (P = .023), and showed minimal alveolar destruction and inflammatory cell infiltration (P < .001). ALM also improved cardiac function and oxygen delivery (21%, P = .418 vs Saline), reduced gut injury (P < .001 vs Saline), and increased plasma adiponectin (P < .001 vs baseline). Circulating levels of the acute phase protein alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) increased 1.6-times (P < .001), which may have impacted ALM's therapeutic efficacy. We conclude that small-volume ALM therapy significantly reduced lung oxidative stress and preserved alveolar integrity following severe burn trauma. Further studies are required to assess higher ALM doses with longer monitoring periods.
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Male ; Animals ; Adenosine/pharmacology ; Adenosine/therapeutic use ; Lidocaine/pharmacology ; Lidocaine/therapeutic use ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Magnesium/pharmacology ; Magnesium/therapeutic use ; Burns/drug therapy ; Lung ; Resuscitation
    Chemical Substances Adenosine (K72T3FS567) ; Lidocaine (98PI200987) ; Magnesium (I38ZP9992A)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2224246-6
    ISSN 1559-0488 ; 1559-047X
    ISSN (online) 1559-0488
    ISSN 1559-047X
    DOI 10.1093/jbcr/irad127
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Changes in plasma alpha-1 acid glycoprotein following hemorrhagic trauma: Possible role in dose differences of ALM drug therapy in rat and pig resuscitation.

    Letson, Hayley L / Morris, Jodie L / Dobson, Geoffrey P

    Pharmacology research & perspectives

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) e01133

    Abstract: Introduction: The binding of drugs to plasma proteins is an important consideration in drug development. We have reported that the dose of adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium (ALM) fluid therapy for resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock is nearly 3-times ...

    Abstract Introduction: The binding of drugs to plasma proteins is an important consideration in drug development. We have reported that the dose of adenosine, lidocaine, and magnesium (ALM) fluid therapy for resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock is nearly 3-times higher for pigs than rats. Since lidocaine strongly binds to serum alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of hemorrhagic shock on levels of AGP in rats and pigs.
    Materials and methods: Healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats and female crossbred pigs (n = 33 each) underwent tail vein and peripheral ear vein blood sampling, respectively, to collect plasma for AGP measurements. Rats (n = 17) and pigs (n = 16) underwent surgical instrumentation and uncontrolled hemorrhage via liver resection, and were treated with 3% NaCl ± ALM IV bolus followed 60 min later by 4 h 0.9% NaCl ± ALM IV drip. Rats were monitored for 72 h with blood samples taken post-surgery, and at 5.25, 24, and 72 h. Pigs were monitored for 6 h with blood samples taken post-surgery, and at 60 min and 6 h. Plasma AGP was measured with rat- and pig-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
    Results: Baseline AGP levels in rats were 3.91 μg/mL and significantly 83-fold lower than in pigs (325 μg/mL). Surgical instrumentation was associated with ~10-fold increases in AGP in rats and a 21% fall in pigs. AGP levels remained elevated in rats after hemorrhage and resuscitation (28-29 μg/mL). In contrast, no significant differences in plasma AGP were found in ALM- or Saline-treated pigs over the monitoring period.
    Conclusions: We conclude that the trauma of surgery alone was associated with significant increases in AGP in rats, compared to a contrasting decrease in pigs. Higher levels of plasma AGP in pigs prior to hemorrhagic shock is consistent with the higher ALM doses required to resuscitate pigs compared with rats.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Male ; Rats ; Animals ; Swine ; Orosomucoid ; Shock, Hemorrhagic/drug therapy ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Hemorrhage ; Lidocaine
    Chemical Substances Orosomucoid ; Lidocaine (98PI200987)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2740389-0
    ISSN 2052-1707 ; 2052-1707
    ISSN (online) 2052-1707
    ISSN 2052-1707
    DOI 10.1002/prp2.1133
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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