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  1. Article ; Online: Measles Outbreak Response Activity in Japan, and a Discussion for a Possible Strategy of Outbreak Response Using Cycle Threshold Values of Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR for Measles Virus in Measles Elimination Settings.

    Seto, Junji / Aoki, Yoko / Komabayashi, Kenichi / Yamada, Keiko / Ishikawa, Hitoshi / Ichikawa, Tomoo / Ahiko, Tadayuki / Mizuta, Katsumi

    Viruses

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 1

    Abstract: Measles is a highly contagious, but vaccine-preventable disease caused by the measles virus (MeV). Although the administration of two doses of measles vaccines is the most effective strategy to prevent and eliminate measles, MeV continues to spread ... ...

    Abstract Measles is a highly contagious, but vaccine-preventable disease caused by the measles virus (MeV). Although the administration of two doses of measles vaccines is the most effective strategy to prevent and eliminate measles, MeV continues to spread worldwide, even in 2022. In measles-eliminated countries, preparedness and response to measles outbreaks originating from imported cases are required to maintain elimination status. Under these circumstances, real-time reverse transcription (RT) PCR for MeV could provide a diagnostic method capable of strengthening the subnational capacity for outbreak responses. Real-time RT-PCR can detect MeV RNA from patients with measles at the initial symptomatic stage, which can enable rapid public health responses aimed at detecting their contacts and common sources of infection. Furthermore, low cycle threshold (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Measles virus/genetics ; Reverse Transcription ; Japan/epidemiology ; Measles/epidemiology ; Measles/prevention & control ; Measles Vaccine ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
    Chemical Substances Measles Vaccine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v15010171
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Proposal for the Recognition of a New Disease Concept from Japan: Parechovirus A3-Associated Myalgia.

    Mizuta, Katsumi / Aoki, Yoko / Komabayashi, Kenichi / Ikeda, Tatsuya

    Japanese journal of infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 74, Issue 4, Page(s) 259–272

    Abstract: Parechovirus A3 (PeVA3) was first reported in 2004 and has been recognized as a causative agent of mild and severe infectious diseases in children. We first reported an outbreak of PeVA3-associated myalgia (PeVA3-M) in Yamagata, Japan, in 2008. We have ... ...

    Abstract Parechovirus A3 (PeVA3) was first reported in 2004 and has been recognized as a causative agent of mild and severe infectious diseases in children. We first reported an outbreak of PeVA3-associated myalgia (PeVA3-M) in Yamagata, Japan, in 2008. We have repeatedly observed PeVA3-M cases in 2011, 2014, and 2016, and identified the first child case in 2014. Reports of PeVA3-M have increased since 2014, indicating that the recognition of PeVA3-M has spread across Japan. The findings showed that PeVA3-M commonly occurs among adults aged 30-40 years, particularly in males. Elevation of creatinine phosphokinase, C-reactive protein, and myoglobin, as well as magnetic resonance imaging findings, suggest inflammation of the muscles and/or fascia of the four limbs. Patients recover within 1-2 weeks without any sequelae. A longitudinal molecular epidemiological study in Yamagata revealed that PeVA3 strains cause a variety of diseases, ranging from mild to severe, including PeVA3-M, in subjects ranging from neonates to adults, irrespective of their genetic cluster. As PeVA3-M has not yet been reported abroad, more widespread recognition of PeVA3-M as an emerging disease is important. We hope this review will help clinicians and researchers in understanding PeVA3-M and therefore advance related research in Japan as well as around the world.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; Myalgia/epidemiology ; Myalgia/pathology ; Myalgia/virology ; Parechovirus/classification ; Picornaviridae Infections/complications ; Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Picornaviridae Infections/virology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-25
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1478383-6
    ISSN 1884-2836 ; 1344-6304
    ISSN (online) 1884-2836
    ISSN 1344-6304
    DOI 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.967
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A seroepidemiologic study of a measles outbreak, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan, 2017: The estimation of spreaders using serological assays in a measles elimination setting.

    Seto, Junji / Aoki, Yoko / Tanaka, Shizuka / Komabayashi, Kenichi / Ikeda, Tatsuya / Mizuta, Katsumi

    Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy

    2022  Volume 28, Issue 7, Page(s) 1018–1022

    Abstract: Introduction: In regions where the endemic measles virus has been eliminated, early detection of contagious patients is important for preventing the spread of measles and sustaining elimination. To investigate whether serological assays can be used for ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: In regions where the endemic measles virus has been eliminated, early detection of contagious patients is important for preventing the spread of measles and sustaining elimination. To investigate whether serological assays can be used for the estimation of highly infectious patients with measles, we performed a seroepidemiologic study of a measles outbreak in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan, in 2017.
    Methods: We tested plaque reduction neutralization (PRN), IgG avidity, and gelatin particle agglutination (PA) assays in 31 patients with measles, subdivided into two super-spreaders, three spreaders, and 26 non-spreaders. Simultaneously, these results were compared with the cycle threshold (Ct) of a semi-quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR for the measles virus from throat swab specimens.
    Results: In the PRN assay, one super-spreader and two spreaders lacked protective antibodies. The IgG avidity assay showed that two super-spreaders and one spreader had low avidity. The PA assay indicated that two super-spreaders and two spreaders lacked protective antibodies. Comparison of the results of the three serological assays and Ct revealed that patients whose antibody titers were judged as low in the IgG avidity and PA assays showed low Ct (i.e., high viral load), whereas non-spreaders tended to show low viral load.
    Conclusions: Our preliminary seroepidemiologic analysis of a population of 31 patients with measles suggests that PA and IgG avidity assays may be used for the identification of super-spreader/spreader candidates. However, further investigations are necessary to validate the robustness of these serological assays in detecting contagious measles cases.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Viral ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Japan/epidemiology ; Measles/diagnosis ; Measles/epidemiology ; Measles/prevention & control ; Measles virus/genetics ; Seroepidemiologic Studies
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1355399-9
    ISSN 1437-7780 ; 1341-321X
    ISSN (online) 1437-7780
    ISSN 1341-321X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.03.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Longitudinal antigenic and seroepidemiological analyses of parechovirus A1 in Yamagata, Japan.

    Mizuta, Katsumi / Itagaki, Tsutomu / Katsushima, Fumio / Katsushima, Yuriko / Sasaki, Mika / Komabayashi, Kenichi / Ikeda, Yoko / Aoki, Yoko / Matsuzaki, Yoko

    Journal of medical virology

    2023  Volume 95, Issue 4, Page(s) e28696

    Abstract: To investigate the antigenic changes in parechovirus 1 (PeVA1), seroepidemiological analyses were performed against the Harris strain (Harris), isolated in 1956, and PeVA1/Yamagata.JPN/2021-4785, isolated in 2021, using immune sera and 207 and 237 human ... ...

    Abstract To investigate the antigenic changes in parechovirus 1 (PeVA1), seroepidemiological analyses were performed against the Harris strain (Harris), isolated in 1956, and PeVA1/Yamagata.JPN/2021-4785, isolated in 2021, using immune sera and 207 and 237 human serum specimens collected in 2021 and 1976, respectively. Although rabbit immune sera showed the highest neutralization antibody (NT-Ab) titers against the immunized viruses at 1:12 800-1:102 400, they were cross-reactive at 1:400-1:800. All 62 Yamagata isolates obtained between 2001 and 2021 (Yamagata strains), belonging to phylogenetic lineage 1B, reacted more strongly (mostly 4-64 times) to antiserum against PeVA1/Yamagata.JPN/2021-4785 than to antiserum against Harris, belonging to phylogenetic lineage 1 A. Human serum specimens obtained in 2021 showed higher NT-Ab titers against PeVA1/Yamagata.JPN/2021-4785, whereas those obtained in 1976 had similar NT-Ab titers against both strains. These findings suggested that Yamagata strains and Harris were antigenically cross-reactive, although there were differences. There are still high NT-Abs titers present against Harris in 2021 in particular, indicating that PeVA1 has been in circulation with high immunity in the population. In conclusion, this study suggested that PeVA1 has been endemically perpetuated with only minor antigenic changes as well as with high immunity over several decades in the community.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Parechovirus ; Japan/epidemiology ; Phylogeny ; Viruses ; Immune Sera ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Immune Sera
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.28696
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Isolation of Coxsackievirus A21 from Patients with Acute Respiratory Infection in Yamagata, Japan in 2019.

    Ikeda, Tatsuya / Aoki, Yoko / Komabayashi, Kenichi / Itagaki, Tsutomu / Mizuta, Katsumi

    Japanese journal of infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 74, Issue 2, Page(s) 172–174

    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Line ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coxsackievirus Infections/virology ; Enterovirus/isolation & purification ; Enterovirus A, Human/isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Male ; Nasopharyngitis/virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Tract Infections/virology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-30
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1478383-6
    ISSN 1884-2836 ; 1344-6304
    ISSN (online) 1884-2836
    ISSN 1344-6304
    DOI 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.641
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of parechovirus A1, A3 and A4 antibodies in Yamagata, Japan, between 1976 and 2017.

    Mizuta, Katsumi / Komabayashi, Kenichi / Aoki, Yoko / Itagaki, Tsutomu / Ikeda, Tatsuya

    Journal of medical microbiology

    2020  Volume 69, Issue 12, Page(s) 1381–1387

    Abstract: Introduction. ...

    Abstract Introduction.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Japan/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parechovirus/immunology ; Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Picornaviridae Infections/immunology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218356-0
    ISSN 1473-5644 ; 0022-2615
    ISSN (online) 1473-5644
    ISSN 0022-2615
    DOI 10.1099/jmm.0.001269
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  7. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of coxsackievirus A21 neutralizing antibodies in Yamagata, Japan, between 1976 and 2019; coxsackievirus A21 has rarely affected young children.

    Tanaka, Waka / Komabayashi, Kenichi / Ikeda, Yoko / Aoki, Yoko / Itagaki, Tsutomu / Mizuta, Katsumi

    Journal of medical virology

    2021  Volume 94, Issue 6, Page(s) 2877–2881

    Abstract: Although coxsackievirus A21 (CV-A21) has been associated with an acute respiratory infection (ARI) as well as poliomyelitis-like paralysis, reports of CV-A21 detection have been quite limited both globally and in Japan. CV-A21 strains were isolated from ... ...

    Abstract Although coxsackievirus A21 (CV-A21) has been associated with an acute respiratory infection (ARI) as well as poliomyelitis-like paralysis, reports of CV-A21 detection have been quite limited both globally and in Japan. CV-A21 strains were isolated from five sporadic pediatric cases with ARI in 2019 in Yamagata, Japan. Neutralizing antibodies (NT Abs) were then measured against CV-A21 using sera collected in 1976, 1985, 1999, 2009, and 2019 in Yamagata, to clarify the longitudinal epidemiology of CV-A21. The total Ab-positive rate in each year was 15.2% (35/233), 10.7% (30/281), 14.3% (28/196), 3.1% (7/236), and 1.3% (3/226), respectively. Ab-positive rates generally increased with age, especially between 1976 and 1999. Among the total Ab-positive cases, the Ab titers were relatively low; 50 cases belonged to the 1:8-1:16, 40 to 1:32-1:64, 12 to 1:128-1:256, and 1 to 1:1024< groups, respectively. No Ab-positive cases under the age of 10 were observed in any of the years analyzed. In conclusion, this study and previous works suggested that CV-A21 is a unique enterovirus, which is not transmitted readily among young children but causes sporadic ARI cases mainly among those ≥15 years of age in the community.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus A, Human ; Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; Oncolytic Viruses ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.27470
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  8. Article ; Online: Seasonality of Human Coronavirus OC43, NL63, HKU1, and 229E Infection in Yamagata, Japan, 2010-2019.

    Komabayashi, Kenichi / Seto, Junji / Matoba, Yohei / Aoki, Yoko / Tanaka, Shizuka / Ikeda, Tatsuya / Matsuzaki, Yoko / Itagaki, Tsutomu / Mizuta, Katsumi

    Japanese journal of infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 73, Issue 5, Page(s) 394–397

    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coronavirus/classification ; Coronavirus/genetics ; Coronavirus/isolation & purification ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Japan/epidemiology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Seasons
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-01
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1478383-6
    ISSN 1884-2836 ; 1344-6304
    ISSN (online) 1884-2836
    ISSN 1344-6304
    DOI 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.525
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Longitudinal Epidemiology of Viral Infectious Diseases Combining Virus Isolation, Antigenic Analysis, and Phylogenetic Analysis as Well as Seroepidemiology in Yamagata, Japan, between 1999 and 2018.

    Mizuta, Katsumi / Tanaka, Waka / Komabayashi, Kenichi / Tanaka, Shizuka / Seto, Junji / Aoki, Yoko / Ikeda, Tatsuya

    Japanese journal of infectious diseases

    2019  Volume 72, Issue 4, Page(s) 211–223

    Abstract: We introduced a microplate method for virus isolation in the Department of Microbiology, Yamagata Prefectural Institute of Public Health (YPIPH) in 1999 in Yamagata, Japan. We have since carried out longitudinal epidemiological studies on viral ... ...

    Abstract We introduced a microplate method for virus isolation in the Department of Microbiology, Yamagata Prefectural Institute of Public Health (YPIPH) in 1999 in Yamagata, Japan. We have since carried out longitudinal epidemiological studies on viral infectious diseases, particularly respiratory viruses, combining traditional technologies such as virus isolation and serological techniques and newly developed molecular methods. Here, we provide an overview of our activities at YPIPH between 1999 and 2018. During the study period, we observed emerging and re-merging diseases such as those caused by echovirus type 13, enterovirus D68, parechovirus-A3 (PeV-A3), and Saffold virus. With regard to PeV-A3, we proposed a new disease concept, "PeV-A3-associated myalgia/myositis." We also revealed the longitudinal epidemiologies of several viruses such as enterovirus A71 and coxsackievirus A16. To perform longitudinal epidemiological studies at any time in Yamagata, we established a system for stocking clinical specimens, viral isolates, complementary DNAs, and serum specimens. We have also pursued collaboration works with virology laboratories across Japan. We hope our experiences, findings, and research materials will further contribute to the development of countermeasures against viral infectious diseases and improvement in public health strategies in Yamagata, Japan, Asia, and around the world.
    MeSH term(s) Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases/virology ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Phylogeny ; Specimen Handling ; Viruses/classification ; Viruses/genetics ; Viruses/immunology ; Viruses/isolation & purification
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Viral
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-28
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1478383-6
    ISSN 1884-2836 ; 1344-6304
    ISSN (online) 1884-2836
    ISSN 1344-6304
    DOI 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2018.500
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Recombinant parechovirus A3 possibly causes various clinical manifestations, including myalgia; findings in Yamagata, Japan in 2019.

    Mizuta, Katsumi / Itagaki, Tsutomu / Chikaoka, Shuji / Wada, Manabu / Ikegami, Toru / Sendo, Dai / Iseki, Chifumi / Shimizu, Yukitoshi / Abe, Shuichi / Komabayashi, Kenichi / Aoki, Yoko / Ikeda, Tatsuya

    Infectious diseases (London, England)

    2022  Volume 54, Issue 9, Page(s) 632–650

    Abstract: Background: Parechovirus A3 was first reported in 2004 and has been recognized as a causative agent of mild and severe infections in children. Since we first reported an outbreak of adult parechovirus A3-associated myalgia in Yamagata, Japan in 2008, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Parechovirus A3 was first reported in 2004 and has been recognized as a causative agent of mild and severe infections in children. Since we first reported an outbreak of adult parechovirus A3-associated myalgia in Yamagata, Japan in 2008, this disease has since been recognized across Japan, but has not yet been reported from other countries.
    Aim: We analysed 19 cases of parechovirus A3 infections identified in Yamagata in 2019 to further clarify the epidemiology of this disease.
    Methods: We performed phylogenetic analyses of parechovirus A3 isolates and analysed the clinical manifestations and the genomic clusters.
    Results: There were two clusters, with cluster 2019B replacing 2019 A around October/November. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 2019B cluster strains and Australian recombinant strains, which appeared between 2012 and 2013, were grouped in one cluster at non-structural protein regions, suggesting that the ancestor to these regions of 2019B cluster strains were Australian recombinant lineage strains. The strains from both clusters caused various infections in children including myalgia. These findings strongly support that parechovirus A3 strains cause myalgia and other paediatric infections irrespective of the virus strains involved, including recombinant strains.  .
    Conclusions: We have reported repeatedly sporadic cases of myalgia and here showed that recombinant strains also cause myalgia. We hope our experiences will help better understand these infections and possibly result in detection of more cases in the world.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Australia/epidemiology ; Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Japan/epidemiology ; Myalgia/epidemiology ; Parechovirus ; Phylogeny ; Picornaviridae Infections/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2839775-7
    ISSN 2374-4243 ; 2374-4235
    ISSN (online) 2374-4243
    ISSN 2374-4235
    DOI 10.1080/23744235.2022.2069857
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