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Article ; Online: UK recommendations for combating antimicrobial resistance: a review of 'antimicrobial stewardship: systems and processes for effective antimicrobial medicine use' (NICE guideline NG15, 2015) and related guidance.

Morley, Gabriella L / Wacogne, Ian D

Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition

2017

Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2148818-6
ISSN	1743-0593 ; 1743-0585
ISSN (online)	1743-0593
ISSN	1743-0585
DOI	10.1136/archdischild-2016-311557
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Article ; Online: Impacts of ambient air quality on acute asthma hospital admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Oxford City, UK: a time-series study.

Singh, Ajit / Morley, Gabriella L / Coignet, Cécile / Leach, Felix / Pope, Francis D / Neil Thomas, Graham / Stacey, Brian / Bush, Tony / Cole, Stuart / Economides, George / Anderson, Ruth / Abreu, Pedro / Bartington, Suzanne E

BMJ open

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e070704

Abstract: Objectives: The study aims to investigate the short-term associations between exposure to ambient air pollution (nitrogen dioxide (NO: Design: Retrospective time-series study.: Setting: Oxford City (postcode areas OX1-OX4), UK.: Participants: ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The study aims to investigate the short-term associations between exposure to ambient air pollution (nitrogen dioxide (NO Design: Retrospective time-series study. Setting: Oxford City (postcode areas OX1-OX4), UK. Participants: Adult population living within the postcode areas OX1-OX4 in Oxford, UK from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2021. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Hourly NO Results: The overall 5-year average asthma admissions rate was 78 per 100 000 population during the study period. The annual average rate decreased to 46 per 100 000 population during 2020 (incidence rate ratio 0.58, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.81, p<0.001) compared to the prepandemic years (2015-2019). In single-pollutant analysis, we observed a significantly increased risk of asthma admission associated with each 1 μg/m Conclusions: Ambient NO
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Nitrogen Dioxide ; Pandemics ; Retrospective Studies ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control ; Asthma ; Air Pollution ; Environmental Pollutants ; Particulate Matter ; Hospitals ; United Kingdom
Chemical Substances	Nitrogen Dioxide (S7G510RUBH) ; Environmental Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070704
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Article ; Online: Teaching leadership: the medical student society model.

Matthews, Jacob H / Morley, Gabriella L / Crossley, Eleanor / Bhanderi, Shivam

The clinical teacher

2017 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 145–150

Abstract: Background: All health care professionals in the UK are expected to have the medical leadership and management (MLM) skills necessary for improving patient care, as stipulated by the UK General Medical Council (GMC).: Context: Newly graduated doctors ...

Abstract	Background: All health care professionals in the UK are expected to have the medical leadership and management (MLM) skills necessary for improving patient care, as stipulated by the UK General Medical Council (GMC). Context: Newly graduated doctors reported insufficient knowledge about leadership and quality improvement skills, despite all UK medical schools reporting that MLM is taught within their curriculum. Innovation: A medical student society organised a series of extracurricular educational events focusing on leadership topics. The society recognised that the events needed to be useful and interesting to attract audiences. Therefore, clinical leaders in exciting fields were invited to talk about their experiences and case studies of personal leadership challenges. The emphasis on personal stories, from respected leaders, was a deliberate strategy to attract students and enhance learning. Evaluation data were collected from the audiences to improve the quality of the events and to support a business case for an intercalated degree in MLM. Implications: When leadership and management concepts are taught through personal stories, students find it interesting and are prepared to give up their leisure time to engage with the subject. Students appear to recognise the importance of MLM knowledge to their future careers, and are able to organise their own, and their peers', learning and development. Organising these events and collecting feedback can provide students with opportunities to practise leadership, management and quality improvement skills. These extracurricular events, delivered through a student society, allow for subjects to be discussed in more depth and can complement an already crowded undergraduate curriculum. Newly graduated doctors reported insufficient knowledge about leadership and quality improvement skills.
MeSH term(s)	Education, Medical, Undergraduate ; Humans ; Leadership ; Models, Organizational ; Professional Competence ; Quality Improvement ; Societies ; Students, Medical ; Teaching ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2151518-9
ISSN	1743-498X ; 1743-4971
ISSN (online)	1743-498X
ISSN	1743-4971
DOI	10.1111/tct.12649
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Article ; Online: Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies in Dried Blood Spot Samples.

Morley, Gabriella L / Taylor, Stephen / Jossi, Sian / Perez-Toledo, Marisol / Faustini, Sian E / Marcial-Juarez, Edith / Shields, Adrian M / Goodall, Margaret / Allen, Joel D / Watanabe, Yasunori / Newby, Maddy L / Crispin, Max / Drayson, Mark T / Cunningham, Adam F / Richter, Alex G / O'Shea, Matthew K

Emerging infectious diseases

2020 Volume 26, Issue 12, Page(s) 2970–2973

Abstract: Dried blood spot (DBS) samples can be used for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike antibodies. DBS sampling is comparable to matched serum samples with a relative 98.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Thus, DBS ... ...

Abstract	Dried blood spot (DBS) samples can be used for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike antibodies. DBS sampling is comparable to matched serum samples with a relative 98.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Thus, DBS sampling offers an alternative for population-wide serologic testing in the coronavirus pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19 Serological Testing/methods ; Case-Control Studies ; Dried Blood Spot Testing/economics ; Dried Blood Spot Testing/methods ; Humans ; Predictive Value of Tests ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/isolation & purification
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1380686-5
ISSN	1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
ISSN (online)	1080-6059
ISSN	1080-6040
DOI	10.3201/eid2612.203309
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Article ; Online: Rapid implementation and validation of a cold-chain free SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing workflow to support surge capacity.

Bosworth, Andrew / Whalley, Celina / Poxon, Charlie / Wanigasooriya, Kasun / Pickles, Oliver / Aldera, Erin L / Papakonstantinou, Danai / Morley, Gabriella L / Walker, Eloise M / Zielinska, Agnieszka E / McLoughlin, Dee / Webster, Craig / Plant, Tim / Ellis, Andrew / Richter, Alex / Kidd, I Michael / Beggs, Andrew D

Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology

2020 Volume 128, Page(s) 104469

Abstract: Background: In January 2020 reports of unidentified severe respiratory illness were described in Wuhan, China. A rapid expansion in cases affecting most countries around the globe led to major changes in the way people live their daily lives. In the ... ...

Abstract	Background: In January 2020 reports of unidentified severe respiratory illness were described in Wuhan, China. A rapid expansion in cases affecting most countries around the globe led to major changes in the way people live their daily lives. In the United Kingdom, the Department of Health and Social Care directed healthcare providers to establish additional resources to manage the anticipated surge in cases that could overwhelm the health services. A priority area was testing for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and its detection by qualitative RT-PCR. Design: A laboratory workflow twinning research environment with clinical laboratory capabilities was implemented and validated in the University of Birmingham within 4 days of the project initiation. The diagnostic capability was centred on an IVD CE-marked RT-PCR kit and designed to provide surge capacity to the nearby Queen Elizabeth Hospital. The service was initially tasked with testing healthcare workers (HCW) using throat swabs, and subsequently the process investigated the utility of using saliva as an alternative sample type. Results: Between the 8th April 2020 and the 30th April 2020, the laboratory tested a total of 1282 HCW for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in throat swabs. RNA was detected in 54 % of those who reported symptoms compatible with COVID-19, but in only 4% who were asymptomatic. Conclusion: This capability was established rapidly and utilised a cold-chain free methodology, applicable to a wide range of settings, and which can provide surge capacity and support to clinical laboratories facing increasing pressure during periods of national crisis.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/genetics ; Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; RNA, Viral/blood ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Saliva/virology ; Surge Capacity ; United Kingdom ; Workflow
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	1446080-4
ISSN	1873-5967 ; 1386-6532
ISSN (online)	1873-5967
ISSN	1386-6532
DOI	10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104469
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Zs.A 3790: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Rapid implementation and validation of a cold-chain free SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing workflow to support surge capacity

Bosworth, Andrew / Whalley, Celina / Poxon, Charlie / Wanigasooriya, Kasun / Pickles, Oliver / Aldera, Erin L. / Papakonstantinou, Danai / Morley, Gabriella L. / Walker, Eloise M. / Zielinska, Agnieszka E. / McLoughlin, Dee / Webster, Craig / Plant, Tim / Ellis, Andrew / Richter, Alex / Kidd, I. Michael / Beggs, Andrew D.

Journal of Clinical Virology

2020 Volume 128, Page(s) 104469

Keywords	Virology ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1446080-4
ISSN	1873-5967 ; 1386-6532
ISSN (online)	1873-5967
ISSN	1386-6532
DOI	10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104469
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2–Specific Antibodies in Dried Blood Spot Samples

Gabriella L. Morley / Stephen Taylor / Sian Jossi / Marisol Perez-Toledo / Sian E. Faustini / Edith Marcial-Juarez / Adrian M. Shields / Margaret Goodall / Joel D. Allen / Yasunori Watanabe / Maddy L. Newby / Max Crispin / Mark T. Drayson / Adam F. Cunningham / Alex G. Richter / Matthew K. O’Shea

Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 26, Iss 12, Pp 2970-

2020 Volume 2973

Abstract	Dried blood spot (DBS) samples can be used for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike antibodies. DBS sampling is comparable to matched serum samples with a relative 98.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Thus, DBS sampling offers an alternative for population-wide serologic testing in the coronavirus pandemic.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; coronavirus disease ; SARS-CoV-2 ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; viruses ; respiratory infections ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Development of a high-sensitivity ELISA detecting IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in serum and saliva.

Faustini, Sian E / Jossi, Sian E / Perez-Toledo, Marisol / Shields, Adrian M / Allen, Joel D / Watanabe, Yasunori / Newby, Maddy L / Cook, Alex / Willcox, Carrie R / Salim, Mahboob / Goodall, Margaret / Heaney, Jennifer L / Marcial-Juarez, Edith / Morley, Gabriella L / Torlinska, Barbara / Wraith, David C / Veenith, Tonny V / Harding, Stephen / Jolles, Stephen /

Ponsford, Mark J / Plant, Tim / Huissoon, Aarnoud / O'Shea, Matthew K / Willcox, Benjamin E / Drayson, Mark T / Crispin, Max / Cunningham, Adam F / Richter, Alex G

Immunology

2021 Volume 164, Issue 1, Page(s) 135–147

Abstract: Detecting antibody responses during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential in determining the seroepidemiology of the virus and the potential role of antibody in disease. Scalable, sensitive and specific serological assays are essential to this ... ...

Abstract	Detecting antibody responses during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential in determining the seroepidemiology of the virus and the potential role of antibody in disease. Scalable, sensitive and specific serological assays are essential to this process. The detection of antibody in hospitalized patients with severe disease has proven relatively straightforward; detecting responses in subjects with mild disease and asymptomatic infections has proven less reliable. We hypothesized that the suboptimal sensitivity of antibody assays and the compartmentalization of the antibody response may contribute to this effect. We systematically developed an ELISA, optimizing different antigens and amplification steps, in serum and saliva from non-hospitalized SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. Using trimeric spike glycoprotein, rather than nucleocapsid, enabled detection of responses in individuals with low antibody responses. IgG1 and IgG3 predominate to both antigens, but more anti-spike IgG1 than IgG3 was detectable. All antigens were effective for detecting responses in hospitalized patients. Anti-spike IgG, IgA and IgM antibody responses were readily detectable in saliva from a minority of RT-PCR confirmed, non-hospitalized symptomatic individuals, and these were mostly subjects who had the highest levels of anti-spike serum antibodies. Therefore, detecting antibody responses in both saliva and serum can contribute to determining virus exposure and understanding immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A/immunology ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Immunoglobulin M/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Saliva ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Antigens, Viral ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80124-0
ISSN	1365-2567 ; 0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
ISSN (online)	1365-2567
ISSN	0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
DOI	10.1111/imm.13349
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Article: Rapid implementation and validation of a cold-chain free SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing workflow to support surge capacity

J Clin Virol

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In January 2020 reports of unidentified severe respiratory illness were described in Wuhan, China. A rapid expansion in cases affecting most countries around the globe led to major changes in the way people live their daily lives. In the ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: In January 2020 reports of unidentified severe respiratory illness were described in Wuhan, China. A rapid expansion in cases affecting most countries around the globe led to major changes in the way people live their daily lives. In the United Kingdom, the Department of Health and Social Care directed healthcare providers to establish additional resources to manage the anticipated surge in cases that could overwhelm the health services. A priority area was testing for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and its detection by qualitative RT-PCR. DESIGN: A laboratory workflow twinning research environment with clinical laboratory capabilities was implemented and validated in the University of Birmingham within 4 days of the project initiation. The diagnostic capability was centred on an IVD CE-marked RT-PCR kit and designed to provide surge capacity to the nearby Queen Elizabeth Hospital. The service was initially tasked with testing healthcare workers (HCW) using throat swabs, and subsequently the process investigated the utility of using saliva as an alternative sample type. RESULTS: Between the 8th April 2020 and the 30th April 2020, the laboratory tested a total of 1282 HCW for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in throat swabs. RNA was detected in 54 % of those who reported symptoms compatible with COVID-19, but in only 4% who were asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: This capability was established rapidly and utilised a cold-chain free methodology, applicable to a wide range of settings, and which can provide surge capacity and support to clinical laboratories facing increasing pressure during periods of national crisis.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #343387
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific-antibodies in dried blood spot samples

medRxiv

Abstract: Abstract Importance: Population-wide serological testing is an essential component in understanding the COVID-19 pandemic. The logistical challenges of undertaking widespread serological testing could be eased through use of a reliable dried blood spot ( ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Importance: Population-wide serological testing is an essential component in understanding the COVID-19 pandemic. The logistical challenges of undertaking widespread serological testing could be eased through use of a reliable dried blood spot (DBS) sampling method. Objective: To validate the use of dried blood spot sampling for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. Design, setting and participants: Eighty-seven matched DBS and serum samples were obtained from eighty individuals, including thirty-one who were previously PCR-positive for SARS-CoV-2. DBS eluates and sera were used in an ELISA to detect antibodies to the viral spike protein. Results: Specific anti-SARS-Cov-2 spike glycoprotein antibodies were detectable in both serum and DBS eluate and there was a significant correlation between the antibody levels detected in matched samples (r = 0.96, p<0.0001). Using serum as the gold standard in the assay, matched DBS samples achieved a Cohens kappa coefficient of 0.975 (near-perfect agreement), a sensitivity of 98.1% and specificity of 100%, for detecting anti-spike glycoprotein antibodies. Conclusions and relevance: Eluates from DBS samples are a reliable and reproducible source of antibodies to be used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. The use of DBS sampling could complement the use of venepuncture in the immunosurveillance of COVID-19 in both low and high income settings.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-02
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.07.01.20144295
Database	COVID19

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