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Article ; Online: A potential link between dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus NPY and energy balance.

Bartness, Timothy J

2010 Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) 493–494

Abstract: The function of dorsomedial hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) in energy balance has largely been restricted to lactation-induced hyperphagia. In this issue, Chao et al. (2011) expand this role to include inhibition of both brown fat thermogenesis and ... ...

Abstract	The function of dorsomedial hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) in energy balance has largely been restricted to lactation-induced hyperphagia. In this issue, Chao et al. (2011) expand this role to include inhibition of both brown fat thermogenesis and conversion of white-to-brown adipocytes in a white fat depot, resulting in reduced energy expenditure.
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-12-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2176834-1
ISSN	1932-7420 ; 1550-4131
ISSN (online)	1932-7420
ISSN	1550-4131
DOI	10.1016/j.cmet.2011.04.006
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Article ; Online: Sensory denervation of inguinal white fat modifies sympathetic outflow to white and brown fat in Siberian hamsters.

Nguyen, Ngoc Ly T / Xue, Bingzhong / Bartness, Timothy J

Physiology & behavior

2018 Volume 190, Page(s) 28–33

Abstract: White adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) have sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and sensory innervations. Previous studies from our laboratory revealed central neuroanatomical evidence of WAT sensory and BAT SNS crosstalk with double ... ...

Abstract	White adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) have sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and sensory innervations. Previous studies from our laboratory revealed central neuroanatomical evidence of WAT sensory and BAT SNS crosstalk with double labeling of inguinal WAT (IWAT) sensory and interscapular BAT (IBAT) SNS neurons. We previously demonstrated that WAT lipolysis increases IBAT temperature, but this effect is absent when IWAT afferents are surgically denervated, which severs both sensory and SNS nerves. It is possible that WAT sensory feedback can regulate SNS drive to itself and other WAT and BAT depots, and thus contribute to the existence of differential SNS outflow to fat during different energy challenges. Here we selectively denervated IWAT sensory nerves in Siberian hamsters using capsaicin and measured norepinephrine turnover (NETO) i.e., SNS drive to WAT and BAT depots, IBAT uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression, body mass, fat mass, blood glucose, and food consumed after a 24-h cold exposure. IWAT sensory denervation decreased both IWAT and IBAT NETO and IBAT UCP1 expression. IWAT sensory denervation, however, increased mesenteric WAT (MWAT) NETO after the 24-h cold exposure and did not modify epididymal WAT (EWAT) and retroperitoneal WAT (RWAT) NETO compared with respective controls. Body mass, fat mass, blood glucose, and food consumed were unchanged across groups. RWAT and EWAT mass decreased in capsaicin-injected hamsters, but did not in the vehicle hamsters. These results functionally demonstrate the existence of IWAT sensory and IBAT SNS crosstalk and that a disruption in this sensory-SNS feedback mechanism modifies SNS drive to IWAT, IBAT, and MWAT, but not EWAT and RWAT.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue, Brown/innervation ; Adipose Tissue, White/innervation ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Body Mass Index ; Capsaicin ; Cricetinae ; Denervation ; Eating/physiology ; Intra-Abdominal Fat/innervation ; Male ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Peripheral Nerves/drug effects ; Phodopus ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Uncoupling Protein 1/biosynthesis
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Uncoupling Protein 1 ; Capsaicin (S07O44R1ZM) ; Norepinephrine (X4W3ENH1CV)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3907-x
ISSN	1873-507X ; 0031-9384
ISSN (online)	1873-507X
ISSN	0031-9384
DOI	10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.02.019
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Article ; Online: Dynamic modification of hoarding in response to hoard size manipulation.

Garretson, John T / Bartness, Timothy J

Physiology & behavior

2014 Volume 127, Page(s) 8–12

Abstract: Food hoarding is an evolutionary adaptation whereby animals store food for later consumption when food is limited or when predation risk while foraging is high. It also occurs as part of normal appetitive behavior by humans and non-human animals when ... ...

Abstract	Food hoarding is an evolutionary adaptation whereby animals store food for later consumption when food is limited or when predation risk while foraging is high. It also occurs as part of normal appetitive behavior by humans and non-human animals when they are hungry. Contrary to popular belief, humans do not overeat after food restriction/fasting, rather they increase food hoarding, as do hamster species, but not in laboratory rats or mice. Thus, this aspect of human appetitive behavior is better modeled by hamsters than laboratory rats and mice. Here we tested whether male Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) modify their daily food hoard size under ad libitum-feeding and after food deprivation when we artificially increased or removed their food hoard. When the food hoard was completely removed, hamsters hoarded more food the next day than did animals where the hoard was surreptitiously increased. Hamsters that had alternating daily hoard increases/decreases rapidly adjusted their food hoarding inversely proportional to food hoard size. Similarly, after 48h of food deprivation, a stimulus that initiates high levels of food hoarding upon refeeding in this species, hamsters with artificially increased food hoard size hoarded significantly less than did hamsters where we left the hoard unaltered additionally suggesting that food hoard size directly affects food hoarding. Collectively, as we previously found when the caloric value of the food offered was increased or decreased, food hoard size is in some sense 'regulated' and not simply a reflexive response triggered by inter-meal hunger or food deprivation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Appetitive Behavior ; Feeding Behavior ; Food ; Food Deprivation ; Male ; Phodopus ; Time Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	3907-x
ISSN	1873-507X ; 0031-9384
ISSN (online)	1873-507X
ISSN	0031-9384
DOI	10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.12.008
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Article ; Online: Short and long sympathetic-sensory feedback loops in white fat.

Ryu, Vitaly / Bartness, Timothy J

American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology

2014 Volume 306, Issue 12, Page(s) R886–900

Abstract: We previously demonstrated white adipose tissue (WAT) innervation using the established WAT retrograde sympathetic nervous system (SNS)-specific transneuronal viral tract tracer pseudorabies virus (PRV152) and showed its role in the control of lipolysis. ...

Abstract	We previously demonstrated white adipose tissue (WAT) innervation using the established WAT retrograde sympathetic nervous system (SNS)-specific transneuronal viral tract tracer pseudorabies virus (PRV152) and showed its role in the control of lipolysis. Conversely, we demonstrated WAT sensory innervation using the established anterograde sensory system (SS)-specific transneuronal viral tracer, the H129 strain of herpes simplex virus-1, with sensory nerves showing responsiveness with increases in WAT SNS drive. Several brain areas were part of the SNS outflow to and SS inflow from WAT between these studies suggesting SNS-SS feedback loops. Therefore, we injected both PRV152 and H129 into inguinal WAT (IWAT) of Siberian hamsters. Animals were perfused on days 5 and 6 postinoculation after H129 and PRV152 injections, respectively, and brains, spinal cords, sympathetic, and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were processed for immunohistochemical detection of each virus across the neuroaxis. The presence of H129+PRV152-colocalized neurons (~50%) in the spinal segments innervating IWAT suggested short SNS-SS loops with significant coinfections (>60%) in discrete brain regions, signifying long SNS-SS loops. Notably, the most highly populated sites with the double-infected neurons were the medial part of medial preoptic nucleus, medial preoptic area, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, lateral hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray, oral part of the pontine reticular nucleus, and the nucleus of the solitary tract. Collectively, these results strongly indicate the neuroanatomical reality of the central SNS-SS feedback loops with short loops in the spinal cord and long loops in the brain, both likely involved in the control of lipolysis or other WAT pad-specific functions.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue, White/innervation ; Adipose Tissue, White/physiology ; Animals ; Brain/virology ; Cricetinae ; Feedback, Sensory/physiology ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/physiology ; Lipolysis/physiology ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Neurons/virology ; Phodopus ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-04-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	603839-6
ISSN	1522-1490 ; 0363-6119
ISSN (online)	1522-1490
ISSN	0363-6119
DOI	10.1152/ajpregu.00060.2014
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Article: A Potential Link between Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus NPY and Energy Balance

Bartness, Timothy J

Cell metabolism. 2011 May 4, v. 13, no. 5

2011

Abstract	The function of dorsomedial hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) in energy balance has largely been restricted to lactation-induced hyperphagia. In this issue, Chao et al. (2011) expand this role to include inhibition of both brown fat thermogenesis and conversion of white-to-brown adipocytes in a white fat depot, resulting in reduced energy expenditure.
Keywords	adipocytes ; body fat ; brown adipose tissue ; energy expenditure ; heat production ; neuropeptide Y ; overeating ; white adipose tissue
Language	English
Dates of publication	2011-0504
Size	p. 493-494.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2176834-1
ISSN	1932-7420 ; 1550-4131
ISSN (online)	1932-7420
ISSN	1550-4131
DOI	10.1016/j.cmet.2011.04.006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Bidirectional crosstalk between the sensory and sympathetic motor systems innervating brown and white adipose tissue in male Siberian hamsters.

Ryu, Vitaly / Watts, Alan G / Xue, Bingzhong / Bartness, Timothy J

American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology

2017 Volume 312, Issue 3, Page(s) R324–R337

Abstract: The brain networks connected to the sympathetic motor and sensory innervations of brown (BAT) and white (WAT) adipose tissues were originally described using two transneuronally transported viruses: the retrogradely transported pseudorabies virus (PRV), ... ...

Abstract	The brain networks connected to the sympathetic motor and sensory innervations of brown (BAT) and white (WAT) adipose tissues were originally described using two transneuronally transported viruses: the retrogradely transported pseudorabies virus (PRV), and the anterogradely transported H129 strain of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1 H129). Further complexity was added to this network organization when combined injections of PRV and HSV-1 H129 into either BAT or WAT of the same animal generated sets of coinfected neurons in the brain, spinal cord, and sympathetic and dorsal root ganglia. These neurons are well positioned to act as sensorimotor links in the feedback circuits that control each fat pad. We have now determined the extent of sensorimotor crosstalk between interscapular BAT (IBAT) and inguinal WAT (IWAT). PRV152 and HSV-1 H129 were each injected into IBAT or IWAT of the same animal: H129 into IBAT and PRV152 into IWAT. The reverse configuration was applied in a different set of animals. We found single-labeled neurons together with H129+PRV152 coinfected neurons in multiple brain sites, with lesser numbers in the sympathetic and dorsal root ganglia that innervate IBAT and IWAT. We propose that these coinfected neurons mediate sensory-sympathetic motor crosstalk between IBAT and IWAT. Comparing the relative numbers of coinfected neurons between the two injection configurations showed a bias toward IBAT-sensory and IWAT-sympathetic motor feedback loops. These coinfected neurons provide a neuroanatomical framework for functional interactions between IBAT thermogenesis and IWAT lipolysis that occurs with cold exposure, food restriction/deprivation, exercise, and more generally with alterations in adiposity.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue, Brown/cytology ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/innervation ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/physiology ; Adipose Tissue, White/cytology ; Adipose Tissue, White/innervation ; Adipose Tissue, White/physiology ; Animals ; Cricetinae ; Feedback, Sensory ; Male ; Neural Pathways/cytology ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neurons/cytology ; Neurons/physiology ; Phodopus ; Receptor Cross-Talk ; Sensorimotor Cortex/cytology ; Sensorimotor Cortex/physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	603839-6
ISSN	1522-1490 ; 0363-6119
ISSN (online)	1522-1490
ISSN	0363-6119
DOI	10.1152/ajpregu.00456.2015
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Article ; Online: Anterograde transneuronal viral tract tracing reveals central sensory circuits from brown fat and sensory denervation alters its thermogenic responses.

Vaughan, Cheryl H / Bartness, Timothy J

American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology

2012 Volume 302, Issue 9, Page(s) R1049–58

Abstract: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity and growth are controlled by its sympathetic nervous system (SNS) innervation, but nerve fibers containing sensory-associated neuropeptides [substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)] also suggest ...

Abstract	Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity and growth are controlled by its sympathetic nervous system (SNS) innervation, but nerve fibers containing sensory-associated neuropeptides [substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)] also suggest sensory innervation. The central nervous system (CNS) projections of BAT afferents are unknown. Therefore, we used the H129 strain of the herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), an anterograde transneuronal viral tract tracer used to delineate sensory nerve circuits, to define these projections. HSV-1 was injected into interscapular BAT (IBAT) of Siberian hamsters and HSV-1 immunoreactivity (ir) was assessed 24, 48, 72, 96, and 114 h postinjection. The 96- and 114-h groups had the most HSV-1-ir neurons with marked infections in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, periaqueductal gray, olivary areas, parabrachial nuclei, raphe nuclei, and reticular areas. These sites also are involved in sympathetic outflow to BAT suggesting possible BAT sensory-SNS thermogenesis feedback circuits. We tested the functional contribution of IBAT sensory innervation on thermogenic responses to an acute (24 h) cold exposure test by injecting the specific sensory nerve toxin capsaicin directly into IBAT pads and then measuring core (T(c)) and IBAT (T(IBAT)) temperature responses. CGRP content was significantly decreased in capsaicin-treated IBAT demonstrating successful sensory nerve destruction. T(IBAT) and T(c) were significantly decreased in capsaicin-treated hamsters compared with the saline controls at 2 h of cold exposure. Thus the central sensory circuits from IBAT have been delineated for the first time, and impairment of sensory feedback from BAT appears necessary for the appropriate, initial thermogenic response to acute cold exposure.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue, Brown/innervation ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/physiology ; Adrenergic Fibers/physiology ; Afferent Pathways/anatomy & histology ; Afferent Pathways/physiology ; Animals ; Cricetinae ; Denervation ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Sympathectomy ; Sympathetic Nervous System/anatomy & histology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/virology ; Thermogenesis/physiology ; Thermosensing/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-02-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	603839-6
ISSN	1522-1490 ; 0363-6119
ISSN (online)	1522-1490
ISSN	0363-6119
DOI	10.1152/ajpregu.00640.2011
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Article ; Online: Central ghrelin increases food foraging/hoarding that is blocked by GHSR antagonism and attenuates hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus neuronal activation.

Thomas, Michael A / Ryu, Vitaly / Bartness, Timothy J

American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology

2015 Volume 310, Issue 3, Page(s) R275–85

Abstract: The stomach-derived "hunger hormone" ghrelin increases in the circulation in direct response to time since the last meal, increasing preprandially and falling immediately following food consumption. We found previously that peripheral injection of ... ...

Abstract	The stomach-derived "hunger hormone" ghrelin increases in the circulation in direct response to time since the last meal, increasing preprandially and falling immediately following food consumption. We found previously that peripheral injection of ghrelin potently stimulates food foraging (FF), food hoarding (FH), and food intake (FI) in Siberian hamsters. It remains, however, largely unknown if central ghrelin stimulation is necessary/sufficient to increase these behaviors regardless of peripheral stimulation of the ghrelin receptor [growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR)]. We injected three doses (0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 μg) of ghrelin into the third ventricle (3V) of Siberian hamsters and measured changes in FF, FH, and FI. To test the effects of 3V ghrelin receptor blockade, we used the potent GHSR antagonist JMV2959 to block these behaviors in response to food deprivation or a peripheral ghrelin challenge. Finally, we examined neuronal activation in the arcuate nucleus and paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus in response to peripheral ghrelin administration and 3V GHSR antagonism. Third ventricular ghrelin injection significantly increased FI through 24 h and FH through day 4. Pretreatment with 3V JMV2959 successfully blocked peripheral ghrelin-induced increases in FF, FH, and FI at all time points and food deprivation-induced increases in FF, FH, and FI up to 4 h. c-Fos immunoreactivity was significantly reduced in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, but not in the arcuate nucleus, following pretreatment with intraperitoneal JMV2959 and ghrelin. Collectively, these data suggest that central GHSR activation is both necessary and sufficient to increase appetitive and consummatory behaviors in Siberian hamsters.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Appetitive Behavior/drug effects ; Consummatory Behavior/drug effects ; Eating/drug effects ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Food Deprivation ; Ghrelin/administration & dosage ; Glycine/administration & dosage ; Glycine/analogs & derivatives ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/drug effects ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/metabolism ; Phodopus ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos/metabolism ; Receptors, Ghrelin/agonists ; Receptors, Ghrelin/antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptors, Ghrelin/metabolism ; Time Factors ; Triazoles/administration & dosage
Chemical Substances	Ghrelin ; N-(1-(4-(4-methoxybenzyl)-5-phenethyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-aminoacetamide ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; Receptors, Ghrelin ; Triazoles ; Glycine (TE7660XO1C)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-11-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	603839-6
ISSN	1522-1490 ; 0363-6119
ISSN (online)	1522-1490
ISSN	0363-6119
DOI	10.1152/ajpregu.00216.2015
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Article: Dual innervation of white adipose tissue: some evidence for parasympathetic nervous system involvement.

Bartness, Timothy J

The Journal of clinical investigation

2002 Volume 110, Issue 9, Page(s) 1235–1237

MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue/innervation ; Animals ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid/physiology ; Humans ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2002-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3067-3
ISSN	1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
ISSN (online)	1558-8238
ISSN	0021-9738
DOI	10.1172/JCI17047
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Article ; Online: Arcuate nucleus destruction does not block food deprivation-induced increases in food foraging and hoarding.

Dailey, Megan J / Bartness, Timothy J

Brain research

2010 Volume 1323, Page(s) 94–108

Abstract: The mechanisms underlying the control of food intake are considerably better understood than those underlying the appetitive ingestive behaviors of foraging and hoarding of food, despite the prevalence of the latter across species including humans. ... ...

Abstract	The mechanisms underlying the control of food intake are considerably better understood than those underlying the appetitive ingestive behaviors of foraging and hoarding of food, despite the prevalence of the latter across species including humans. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Agouti-related protein (AgRP), two orexigenic neuropeptides known to stimulate food intake in a variety of species, applied centrally to Siberian hamsters increases foraging and especially hoarding with lesser increases in food intake. Both are expressed in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) and their synthesis increases with food deprivation, a naturally-occurring stimulus that markedly increases foraging and hoarding in Siberian hamsters. Therefore, we tested whether destruction of Arc neurons blocks these ingestive behaviors. This was accomplished either by microinjecting NPY conjugated to saporin (NPY-SAP) bilaterally into the Arc to kill NPY receptor-bearing neurons or via neonatal monosodium glutamate (MSG) treatment. For both methods, Arc cresyl violet staining (cell density) and NPY and Y1 receptor-immunoreactivity (ir) were significantly decreased. Although baseline foraging and food hoarding were not affected, food deprivation-induced increased food hoarding was surprisingly exaggerated approximately 100% with both types of Arc destruction. We found a substantial amount of remaining NPY-ir fibers, likely emanating from the brainstem, and a significant up-regulation of Y1 receptors in Arc NPY projections areas (hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and perifornical area) after Arc denervation and their activation may have accounted for the exaggerated increases. The converging evidence from both Arc destruction methods suggests an intact Arc is not necessary for food deprivation-induced increases in food foraging and hoarding.
MeSH term(s)	Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Appetitive Behavior/drug effects ; Appetitive Behavior/physiology ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/drug effects ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/physiology ; Cricetinae ; Eating/drug effects ; Eating/physiology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Food Deprivation/physiology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Motor Activity/physiology ; Neuropeptide Y/metabolism ; Neuropeptide Y/pharmacology ; Phodopus ; Receptors, Neuropeptide Y/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Neuropeptide Y ; Receptors, Neuropeptide Y ; neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptor
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-02-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1200-2
ISSN	1872-6240 ; 0006-8993
ISSN (online)	1872-6240
ISSN	0006-8993
DOI	10.1016/j.brainres.2010.01.078
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