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  1. Article ; Online: Historical and Molecular Perspectives on the Presence of

    González-Stegmaier, Roxana / Aguila-Torres, Patricia / Villarroel-Espíndola, Franz

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 3

    Abstract: Helicobacter ... ...

    Abstract Helicobacter pylori
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Helicobacter pylori/genetics ; Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Stomach Neoplasms/microbiology ; Latin America/epidemiology ; Gastritis/pathology ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; Genotype ; Risk Assessment ; Helicobacter Infections/complications ; Helicobacter Infections/epidemiology ; Helicobacter Infections/microbiology ; Antigens, Bacterial/genetics
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; Antigens, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms25031761
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Recombinant Domain of Flagellin Promotes In Vitro a Chemotactic Inflammatory Profile in Human Immune Cells Independently of a Dendritic Cell Phenotype.

    González-Stegmaier, Roxana / Aguirre, Adam / Cárcamo, Constanza / Aguila-Torres, Patricia / Villarroel-Espíndola, Franz

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 5

    Abstract: Flagellin is the major component of the flagellum in gram-positive and -negative bacteria and is also the ligand for the Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5). The activation of TLR5 promotes the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and the ... ...

    Abstract Flagellin is the major component of the flagellum in gram-positive and -negative bacteria and is also the ligand for the Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5). The activation of TLR5 promotes the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and the subsequent activation of T cells. This study evaluated a recombinant domain from the amino-terminus D1 domain (rND1) of flagellin from
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Chemokines/metabolism ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells ; Flagellin/genetics ; Flagellin/pharmacology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism ; Phenotype ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 5/genetics ; Toll-Like Receptor 5/metabolism ; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte
    Chemical Substances Chemokines ; Cytokines ; Flagellin (12777-81-0) ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins (EC 3.6.5.2) ; RND1 protein, human ; Toll-Like Receptor 5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules28052394
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  3. Article: Simultaneous and Spatially-Resolved Analysis of T-Lymphocytes, Macrophages and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint in Rare Cancers.

    Cereceda, Karina / Bravo, Nicolas / Jorquera, Roddy / González-Stegmaier, Roxana / Villarroel-Espíndola, Franz

    Cancers

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 11

    Abstract: Penile, vulvar and anal neoplasms show an incidence lower than 0.5% of the population per year and therefore can be considered as rare cancers but with a dramatic impact on quality of life and survival. This work describes the experience of a Chilean ... ...

    Abstract Penile, vulvar and anal neoplasms show an incidence lower than 0.5% of the population per year and therefore can be considered as rare cancers but with a dramatic impact on quality of life and survival. This work describes the experience of a Chilean cancer center using multiplexed immunofluorescence to study a case series of four penile cancers, two anal cancers and one vulvar cancer and simultaneous detection of CD8, CD68, PD-L1, Cytokeratin and Ki-67 in FFPE samples. Fluorescent image analyses were performed using open sources for automated tissue segmentation and cell phenotyping. Our results showed an objective and reliable counting of objects with a single or combined labeling or within a specific tissue compartment. The variability was below 10%, and the correlation between analytical events was 0.92-0.97. Critical cell phenotypes, such as TILs, PD-L1+ or proliferative tumor cells were detected in a supervised and unsupervised manner with a limit of detection of less than 1% of relative abundance. Finally, the observed diversity and abundance of the different cell phenotypes within the tumor microenvironment for the three studied tumor types confirmed that our methodology is useful and robust to be applicable for many other solid tumors.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers14112815
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  4. Article ; Online: Intersections between innate immune response and gastric cancer development.

    Villarroel-Espindola, Franz / Ejsmentewicz, Troy / Gonzalez-Stegmaier, Roxana / Jorquera, Roddy A / Salinas, Esteban

    World journal of gastroenterology

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 15, Page(s) 2222–2240

    Abstract: Worldwide, gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy. It has a reduced prevalence but has maintained its poor prognosis being the fourth leading cause of deaths related to cancer. The highest mortality rates occur in Asian and ... ...

    Abstract Worldwide, gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy. It has a reduced prevalence but has maintained its poor prognosis being the fourth leading cause of deaths related to cancer. The highest mortality rates occur in Asian and Latin American countries, where cases are usually diagnosed at advanced stages. Overall, GC is viewed as the consequence of a multifactorial process, involving the virulence of the
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism ; Immunity, Innate ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptors/metabolism ; Gastric Mucosa/metabolism ; Helicobacter pylori ; Helicobacter Infections ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; Toll-Like Receptors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2185929-2
    ISSN 2219-2840 ; 1007-9327
    ISSN (online) 2219-2840
    ISSN 1007-9327
    DOI 10.3748/wjg.v29.i15.2222
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  5. Article ; Online: Associations between bacterial communities and microplastics from surface seawater of the Northern Patagonian area of Chile.

    Aguila-Torres, Patricia / González, Mauricio / Maldonado, Jonathan E / Miranda, Richard / Zhang, Liqing / González-Stegmaier, Roxana / Rojas, Luis Antonio / Gaete, Alexis

    Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

    2022  Volume 306, Page(s) 119313

    Abstract: The presence of microplastics in oceans and coastlines has increased during recent years due anthropogenic activities and represents a serious environmental problem. The establishment and assembly of microbial communities in these microplastics, ... ...

    Abstract The presence of microplastics in oceans and coastlines has increased during recent years due anthropogenic activities and represents a serious environmental problem. The establishment and assembly of microbial communities in these microplastics, specifically located near aquaculture activities, is not well understood. In this study, we analyzed unique and core members of bacterial communities attached to microplastics collected from three coastal environments of the South Pacific, which represent low, medium and high anthropogenic activity derived from the aquaculture industry. Microplastics were analyzed with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and next-generation sequencing to assess the prevailing microplastics types, and to characterize microbial communities attached to them. We identified four main types of microplastics (polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon and polystyrene) and 3102 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) at the sampled sites, which were dominated by the phylum Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria (mainly Alpha and Gammaproteobacteria). Similarity index analysis showed that bacterial communities in microplastics differed from those found in the surrounding seawaters, and also that they varied among locations, suggesting a role of the environment and level of anthropogenic activities on the plastisphere taxa. Despite this difference, 222 bacterial OTUs were shared among the three sites representing between 34 and 51% of OTUs of each sampled site, and thus constituted a core microbiome of microplastics. Comparison of the core microbiome with bacterial communities of the surrounding seawater suggested that the plastisphere constituted a selective habitat for diverse microbial communities. Computational predictions also provided evidence of significantly enriched functions in the core microbiome. Co-occurrence networks revealed that putative ecological interactions among microplastics OTUs was dominated by positive correlations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluated the composition of microbial communities found in microplastics from the Patagonia region of the Southern Pacific Ocean.
    MeSH term(s) Bacteria/genetics ; Chile ; Microbiota ; Microplastics ; Plastics ; Seawater/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Microplastics ; Plastics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119313
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Biochemical and Genomic Characterization of the Cypermethrin-Degrading and Biosurfactant-Producing Bacterial Strains Isolated from Marine Sediments of the Chilean Northern Patagonia.

    Aguila-Torres, Patricia / Maldonado, Jonathan / Gaete, Alexis / Figueroa, Jaime / González, Alex / Miranda, Richard / González-Stegmaier, Roxana / Martin, Carolina / González, Mauricio

    Marine drugs

    2020  Volume 18, Issue 5

    Abstract: Pesticides cause severe environmental damage to marine ecosystems. In the last ten years, cypermethrin has been extensively used as an antiparasitic pesticide in the salmon farming industry located in Northern Patagonia. The objective of this study was ... ...

    Abstract Pesticides cause severe environmental damage to marine ecosystems. In the last ten years, cypermethrin has been extensively used as an antiparasitic pesticide in the salmon farming industry located in Northern Patagonia. The objective of this study was the biochemical and genomic characterization of cypermethrin-degrading and biosurfactant-producing bacterial strains isolated from cypermethrin-contaminated marine sediment samples collected in southern Chile (MS). Eleven strains were isolated by cypermethrin enrichment culture techniques and were identified by 16S rDNA gene sequencing analyses. The highest growth rate on cypermethrin was observed in four isolates (MS13, MS15a, MS16, and MS19) that also exhibited high levels of biosurfactant production. Genome sequence analyses of these isolates revealed the presence of genes encoding components of bacterial secondary metabolism, and the enzymes esterase, pyrethroid hydrolase, and laccase, which have been associated with different biodegradation pathways of cypermethrin. These novel cypermethrin-degrading and biosurfactant-producing bacterial isolates have a biotechnological potential for biodegradation of cypermethrin-contaminated marine sediments, and their genomes contribute to the understanding of microbial lifestyles in these extreme environments.
    MeSH term(s) Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Chile ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Humans ; Oceans and Seas ; Pesticides/metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Pyrethrins/metabolism ; Soil Microbiology ; Surface-Active Agents/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Pesticides ; Pyrethrins ; Surface-Active Agents ; cypermethrin (1TR49121NP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2175190-0
    ISSN 1660-3397 ; 1660-3397
    ISSN (online) 1660-3397
    ISSN 1660-3397
    DOI 10.3390/md18050252
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Biofilm Produced In Vitro by

    Santibañez, Natacha / Vega, Matías / Pérez, Tatiana / Yáñez, Alejandro / González-Stegmaier, Roxana / Figueroa, Jaime / Enríquez, Ricardo / Oliver, Cristian / Romero, Alex

    Microorganisms

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 10

    Abstract: Piscirickettsia ... ...

    Abstract Piscirickettsia salmonis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms8101609
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  8. Article ; Online: Seroconversion and Abundance of IgG Antibodies against S1-RBD of SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Activity in the Chilean Population.

    González-Stegmaier, R / Cereceda, K / Briones, J L / Beltran-Pávez, C / Oyarzún-Arrau, A / Riquelme-Barrios, S / Selman, C / Yarad, F / Mahave, M / Caglevic, C / Morales, R / Aguirre, A / Valiente-Echeverría, F / Soto-Rifo, R / Marsiglia, H / Gazitua, R / Villarroel-Espindola, F

    Journal of immunology research

    2021  Volume 2021, Page(s) 6680337

    Abstract: COVID-19 is a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. In Chile, half a million people have been infected and more than 16,000 have died from COVID-19. As part of the clinical trial NCT04384588, we quantified IgG against S1-RBD of SARS-CoV-2 (anti-RBD) in ... ...

    Abstract COVID-19 is a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. In Chile, half a million people have been infected and more than 16,000 have died from COVID-19. As part of the clinical trial NCT04384588, we quantified IgG against S1-RBD of SARS-CoV-2 (anti-RBD) in recovered people in Santiago and evaluated their suitability as COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors. ELISA and a luminescent SARS-CoV-2 pseudotype were used for IgG and neutralizing antibody quantification. 72.9% of the convalescent population (468 of 639) showed seroconversion (5-55
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/therapy ; Chile ; Female ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive/methods ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Seroconversion ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; Young Adult ; COVID-19 Serotherapy
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-19
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2817541-4
    ISSN 2314-7156 ; 2314-7156
    ISSN (online) 2314-7156
    ISSN 2314-7156
    DOI 10.1155/2021/6680337
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  9. Article ; Online: Polyglucosan Molecules Induce Mitochondrial Impairment and Apoptosis in Germ Cells Without Affecting the Integrity and Functionality of Sertoli Cells.

    Villarroel-Espíndola, Franz / Tapia, Cynthia / González-Stegmaier, Roxana / Concha, Ilona I / Slebe, Juan Carlos

    Journal of cellular physiology

    2016  Volume 231, Issue 10, Page(s) 2142–2152

    Abstract: Glycogen is the main storage form of glucose; however, the accumulation of glycogen-like glucose polymers can lead to degeneration and cellular death. Previously, we reported that the accumulation of glycogen in testis of transgenic animals ... ...

    Abstract Glycogen is the main storage form of glucose; however, the accumulation of glycogen-like glucose polymers can lead to degeneration and cellular death. Previously, we reported that the accumulation of glycogen in testis of transgenic animals overexpressing a constitutively active form of glycogen synthase enhances the apoptosis of pre-meiotic male germ cells and a complete disorganization of the seminiferous tubules. Here we sought to further identify the effects of glycogen storage in cells from the seminiferous tubules and the mechanism behind the pro-apoptotic activity induced by its accumulation. Using an in vitro culture of Sertoli cells (line 42GPA9) and spermatocyte-like cells (line GC-1) expressing a superactive form of glycogen synthase or the Protein Targeting to Glycogen (PTG), we found that glycogen synthesized in both cell lines is poorly branched. In addition, the immunodetection of key molecules of apoptotic events suggests that cellular death induced by polyglucosan molecules affects GC-1 cells, but not 42GPA9 cells by mitochondrial impairment and activation of an intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, we analyzed the effects of glycogen deposition during the establishment of an in vitro blood-testis barrier. The results using a non-permeable fluorescent molecule showed that, in conditions of over-synthesis of glycogen, 42GPA9 cells do not lose their capacity to generate an impermeable barrier and the levels of connexin43, occludin, and ZO1 proteins were not affected. These results suggest that the accumulation of polyglucosan molecules has a selective effect-triggered by the intrinsic activation of the apoptotic pathway-in germ cells without directly affecting Sertoli cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2142-2152, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Blood-Testis Barrier/drug effects ; Blood-Testis Barrier/pathology ; Germ Cells/cytology ; Germ Cells/drug effects ; Glucans/pharmacology ; Glycogen/metabolism ; Glycogen/pharmacology ; Male ; Mitochondria/drug effects ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Sertoli Cells/cytology ; Sertoli Cells/drug effects ; Spermatozoa/drug effects ; Spermatozoa/metabolism ; Tight Junctions/drug effects ; Tight Junctions/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Glucans ; Glycogen (9005-79-2) ; polyglucosan (9012-72-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-02-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3116-1
    ISSN 1097-4652 ; 0021-9541
    ISSN (online) 1097-4652
    ISSN 0021-9541
    DOI 10.1002/jcp.25315
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  10. Article ; Online: Full recombinant flagellin B from Vibrio anguillarum (rFLA) and its recombinant D1 domain (rND1) promote a pro-inflammatory state and improve vaccination against P. salmonis in Atlantic salmon (S. salar).

    González-Stegmaier, Roxana / Peña, Andrea / Villarroel-Espíndola, Franz / Aguila, Patricia / Oliver, Cristian / MacLeod-Carey, Desmond / Rozas-Serri, Marco / Enriquez, Ricardo / Figueroa, Jaime

    Developmental and comparative immunology

    2020  Volume 117, Page(s) 103988

    Abstract: Flagellin is the major component of the flagellum, and a ligand for Toll-like receptor 5. As reported, recombinant flagellin (rFLA) from Vibrio anguillarum and its D1 domain (rND1) are able to promote in vitro an upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes in ...

    Abstract Flagellin is the major component of the flagellum, and a ligand for Toll-like receptor 5. As reported, recombinant flagellin (rFLA) from Vibrio anguillarum and its D1 domain (rND1) are able to promote in vitro an upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) macrophages. This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo stimulatory/adjuvant effect for rFLA and rND1 during P. salmonis vaccination in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We demonstrated that rFLA and rND1 are molecules able to generate an acute upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, IL-12β), allowing the expression of genes associated with T-cell activation (IL-2, CD4, CD8β), and differentiation (IFNγ, IL-4/13, T-bet, Eomes, GATA3), in a differential manner, tissue/time dependent way. Altogether, our results suggest that rFLA and rND1 are valid candidates to be used as an immuno-stimulant or adjuvants with existing vaccines in farmed salmon.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bacterial Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Bacterial Vaccines/immunology ; Binding Sites/genetics ; Binding Sites/immunology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Cell Differentiation/immunology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines/genetics ; Cytokines/immunology ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Fish Diseases/immunology ; Fish Diseases/metabolism ; Fish Diseases/microbiology ; Flagellin/genetics ; Flagellin/immunology ; Flagellin/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation/immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Inflammation Mediators/immunology ; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism ; Leukocytes/drug effects ; Leukocytes/immunology ; Leukocytes/metabolism ; Lymphoid Tissue/drug effects ; Lymphoid Tissue/immunology ; Lymphoid Tissue/metabolism ; Piscirickettsia/immunology ; Piscirickettsia/physiology ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology ; Salmo salar/immunology ; Salmo salar/metabolism ; Salmo salar/microbiology ; Vaccination/methods ; Vibrio/genetics ; Vibrio/immunology ; Vibrio/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Vaccines ; Cytokines ; Inflammation Mediators ; Recombinant Proteins ; Flagellin (12777-81-0) ; flaB flagellin (140470-87-7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 752411-0
    ISSN 1879-0089 ; 0145-305X
    ISSN (online) 1879-0089
    ISSN 0145-305X
    DOI 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103988
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