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Article: Precision Medicine in Bladder Cancer: Present Challenges and Future Directions.

Mohanty, Sambit K / Lobo, Anandi / Mishra, Sourav K / Cheng, Liang

2023 Volume 13, Issue 5

Abstract: Bladder cancer (BC) is characterized by significant histopathologic and molecular heterogeneity. The discovery of molecular pathways and knowledge of cellular mechanisms have grown exponentially and may allow for better disease classification, ... ...

Abstract	Bladder cancer (BC) is characterized by significant histopathologic and molecular heterogeneity. The discovery of molecular pathways and knowledge of cellular mechanisms have grown exponentially and may allow for better disease classification, prognostication, and development of novel and more efficacious noninvasive detection and surveillance strategies, as well as selection of therapeutic targets, which can be used in BC, particularly in a neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting. This article outlines recent advances in the molecular pathology of BC with a better understanding and deeper focus on the development and deployment of promising biomarkers and therapeutic avenues that may soon make a transition into the domain of precision medicine and clinical management for patients with BC.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662248-8
ISSN	2075-4426
ISSN	2075-4426
DOI	10.3390/jpm13050756
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Article ; Online: Three-way Philadelphia Translocation [t(46, XX, t(9;22;16) (q34;q11.2;q24)] in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Report of Two Cases with Review of the Literature.

Bhardwaj, Mohit / Mishra, Sourav K / Gupta, Aastha / Mehta, Prashant / Sharma, Shivani / Mohanty, Sambit K

Journal of cancer research and therapeutics

2024

Abstract: Abstract: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm that is genetically characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. Variant Ph translocation has been observed in 5% to 10% of the CML cases. In the ... ...

Abstract	Abstract: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm that is genetically characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. Variant Ph translocation has been observed in 5% to 10% of the CML cases. In the previous studies, many different types of variant Ph translocations have been observed involving chromosomes 1p36, 3p21, 5q13, 6p21, 9q22, 11q13, 12p13, 17p13, and 10p15. According to the published literature, only two cases with the complex translocations involving long arm of chromosome 16 at band q24 have been reported. We report two female patients with complex translocation (three-way) involving chromosomes 9, 22, and 16 at breakpoint q24 and both patients responded well to Imatinib. The present study included 469 patients of clinically diagnosed CML patients who were referred for cytogenetic analysis to our laboratory. Cytogenetic analysis was performed by GTG banding, and the karyotype was designated according to the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was performed for complex and variant BCR-ABL cases. Of total 469 cases, 248 patients showed classical Ph chromosome [t(9;22)(q34;q11.2)], 198 cases were normal, and 23 patients had variant and complex Ph chromosome translocation. Two patients showed three-way translocation involving long arm of chromosomes 9, 22, and 16 at band 9q34, 22q11.2, and 16q24. In this report, patients with variant Ph translocation did not have a significantly different outcome as compared to the classical translocation. Both cases responded well to Imatinib.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2187633-2
ISSN	1998-4138 ; 0973-1482
ISSN (online)	1998-4138
ISSN	0973-1482
DOI	10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_274_21
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Article ; Online: Applications of Digital and Computational Pathology and Artificial Intelligence in Genitourinary Pathology Diagnostics.

Patel, Ankush Uresh / Mohanty, Sambit K / Parwani, Anil V

Surgical pathology clinics

2022 Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) 759–785

Abstract: As machine learning (ML) solutions for genitourinary pathology image analysis are fostered by a progressively digitized laboratory landscape, these integrable modalities usher in a revolution in histopathological diagnosis. As technology advances, ... ...

Abstract	As machine learning (ML) solutions for genitourinary pathology image analysis are fostered by a progressively digitized laboratory landscape, these integrable modalities usher in a revolution in histopathological diagnosis. As technology advances, limitations stymying clinical artificial intelligence (AI) will not be extinguished without thorough validation and interrogation of ML tools by pathologists and regulatory bodies alike. ML solutions deployed in clinical settings for applications in prostate pathology yield promising results. Recent breakthroughs in clinical artificial intelligence for genitourinary pathology demonstrate unprecedented generalizability, heralding prospects for a future in which AI-driven assistive solutions may be seen as laboratory faculty, rather than novelty.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Pathologists ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	1875-9157
ISSN (online)	1875-9157
DOI	10.1016/j.path.2022.08.001
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Article ; Online: The 2022 revision of the World Health Organization classification of tumors of the urinary system and male genital organs: advances and challenges.

Mohanty, Sambit K / Lobo, Anandi / Cheng, Liang

Human pathology

2022 Volume 136, Page(s) 123–143

Abstract: The fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of urinary and male genital organ tumors has been recently published in 2022. The application of molecular profiling has made a substantial impact on the classification of urologic ... ...

Abstract	The fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of urinary and male genital organ tumors has been recently published in 2022. The application of molecular profiling has made a substantial impact on the classification of urologic tumors. The new WHO classification introduces a group of molecularly well-defined renal tumor subtypes. The significant changes include addition of a category of "other oncocytic tumors" with oncocytoma/chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC)-like features, elimination of the subcategorization of type 1/2 papillary RCC, and inclusion of eosinophilic solid and cystic RCC as an independent tumor entity. The WHO/ISUP grading now has been recommended for all RCCs. Major nomenclature changes include replacement of histologic "variants" by "subtypes," "clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma" to "clear cell renal cell tumor," "TCEB1-mutated RCC" to "ELOC-mutated RCC," "hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma" to "fumarate hydratase-deficient RCC," "RCC-Unclassified" to "RCC-NOS," "primitive neuroectodermal tumor" to "embryonic neuroectodermal tumor," "testicular carcinoid" to "testicular neuroendocrine tumor," and "basal cell carcinoma of the prostate" to "adenoid-cystic (basal-cell) carcinoma of the prostate." Metastatic, hematolymphoid, mesenchymal, melanocytic, soft tissue, and neuroendocrine tumors are collectively discussed in separate chapters. It has been suggested that the morphological classification of urothelial cancer be replaced with a new molecular taxonomic classification system.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms/pathology ; Genitalia, Male/pathology ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; World Health Organization ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	207657-3
ISSN	1532-8392 ; 0046-8177
ISSN (online)	1532-8392
ISSN	0046-8177
DOI	10.1016/j.humpath.2022.08.006
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Article ; Online: Whole Slide Imaging Technology and Its Applications: Current and Emerging Perspectives.

Jain, Ekta / Patel, Ankush / Parwani, Anil V / Shafi, Saba / Brar, Zoya / Sharma, Shivani / Mohanty, Sambit K

International journal of surgical pathology

2023 Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) 433–448

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Reproducibility of Results ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Microscopy/methods ; Pathology, Surgical/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1336393-1
ISSN	1940-2465 ; 1066-8969
ISSN (online)	1940-2465
ISSN	1066-8969
DOI	10.1177/10668969231185089
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Article ; Online: Papillary cystadenoma of the major salivary gland: A case report and review of literature.

Malik, Vipra / Dixit, Mallika / Sharma, Shivani / Jain, Asheesh / Dhankad, Adesh / Mohanty, Sambit K

Pathology, research and practice

2023 Volume 251, Page(s) 154884

Abstract: Papillary cystadenoma (PC) of the salivary gland is an uncommon benign epithelial neoplasm that shows predominantly multicystic growth pattern with intraluminal papillary proliferation and areas of oncocytic differentiation. We report a case of papillary ...

Abstract	Papillary cystadenoma (PC) of the salivary gland is an uncommon benign epithelial neoplasm that shows predominantly multicystic growth pattern with intraluminal papillary proliferation and areas of oncocytic differentiation. We report a case of papillary cystadenoma of the parotid gland in a 44-years-old female. The patient presented with painful nodular swelling in the right parotid region for two months. Ultrasonography revealed a well marginated oval lesion with altered signal intensity involving the superficial lobe. The excision specimen showed a neoplasm with multicystic spaces having papillary projections lined by benign low-grade epithelium and supported by fibrovascular cores. No significant cytological atypia or mitosis was observed. The cells were immunoreactive for Keratin, Keratin 7, and were negative for Keratin 20, AR, HeR2/neu, TTF1, CDX2, and GATA3. p63 and Keratin 5/6 highlighted the myoepithelial cell layer lining the cystic spaces as well as the papillary projections. The Ki-67 proliferation index was 6%. The patient is on close clinical and imaging follow-up for the last 1year and 8 months without any evidence of disease recurrence or metastasis. Rarity of the lesion and distinct histomorphology warrants appropriate knowledge and discussion of the subject.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Cystadenoma, Papillary/pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology ; Parotid Gland/pathology ; Oxyphil Cells/pathology ; Epithelium/pathology ; Cystadenoma/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-11
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Review ; Case Reports
ZDB-ID	391889-0
ISSN	1618-0631 ; 0344-0338
ISSN (online)	1618-0631
ISSN	0344-0338
DOI	10.1016/j.prp.2023.154884
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Article ; Online: Role of Surgical Pathologist for the Detection of Immuno-oncologic Predictive Factors in Non-small Cell Lung Cancers.

Mohanty, Sambit K / Mishra, Sourav K / Amin, Mahul B / Agaimy, Abbas / Fuchs, Florian

Advances in anatomic pathology

2023 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 174–194

Abstract: Until very recently, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy have been the mainstay of treatment in non-small cell carcinomas (NSCLCs). However, recent advances in molecular immunology have unveiled some of the complexity of the mechanisms ... ...

Abstract	Until very recently, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy have been the mainstay of treatment in non-small cell carcinomas (NSCLCs). However, recent advances in molecular immunology have unveiled some of the complexity of the mechanisms regulating cellular immune responses and led to the successful targeting of immune checkpoints in attempts to enhance antitumor T-cell responses. Immune checkpoint molecules such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein-4, programmed cell death protein-1, and programmed death ligand (PD-L) 1 have been shown to play central roles in evading cancer immunity. Thus, these molecules have been targeted by inhibitors for the management of cancers forming the basis of immunotherapy. Advanced NSCLC has been the paradigm for the benefits of immunotherapy in any cancer. Treatment decisions are made based on the expression of PD-L1 on the tumor cells and the presence or absence of driver mutations. Patients with high PD-L1 expression (≥50%) and no driver mutations are treated with single-agent immunotherapy whereas, for all other patients with a lower level of PD-L1 expression, a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy is preferred. Thus, PD-L1 blockers are the only immunotherapeutic agents approved in advanced NSCLC without any oncogenic driver mutations. PD-L1 immunohistochemistry, however, may not be the best biomarker in view of its dynamic nature in time and space, and the benefits may be seen regardless of PD -L1 expression. Each immunotherapy molecule is prescribed based on the levels of PD-L1 expression as assessed by a Food and Drug Administration-approved companion diagnostic assay. Other biomarkers that have been studied include tumor mutational burden, the T-effector signature, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, radiomic assays, inflammation index, presence or absence of immune-related adverse events and specific driver mutations, and gut as well as local microbiome. At the current time, none of these biomarkers are routinely used in the clinical decision-making process for immunotherapy in NSCLC. However, in individual cases, they can be useful adjuncts to conventional therapy. This review describes our current understanding of the role of biomarkers as predictors of response to immune checkpoint molecules. To begin with a brief on cancer immunology in general and in NSCLC, in particular, is discussed. In the end, recent advancements in laboratory techniques for refining biomarker assays are described.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics ; Lung Neoplasms/therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; B7-H1 Antigen ; Immune Checkpoint Proteins/therapeutic use ; Pathologists ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
Chemical Substances	B7-H1 Antigen ; Immune Checkpoint Proteins ; Biomarkers, Tumor
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1212493-x
ISSN	1533-4031 ; 1072-4109
ISSN (online)	1533-4031
ISSN	1072-4109
DOI	10.1097/PAP.0000000000000395
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Article ; Online: Liquid Biopsy, the hype vs. hope in molecular and clinical oncology.

Mohanty, Abhishek / Mohanty, Sambit K / Rout, Sipra / Pani, Chinmaya

Seminars in oncology

2021 Volume 48, Issue 3, Page(s) 259–267

Abstract: The molecular landscape of tumors has been traditionally established using a biopsy or resection specimens. These modalities result in sampling bias that offer only a single snapshot of tumor heterogeneity. Over the last decade intensive research towards ...

Abstract	The molecular landscape of tumors has been traditionally established using a biopsy or resection specimens. These modalities result in sampling bias that offer only a single snapshot of tumor heterogeneity. Over the last decade intensive research towards alleviating such a bias and obtaining an integral yet accurate portrait of the tumors, evolved to the use of established molecular and genetic analysis using blood and several other body fluids, such as urine, saliva, and pleural effusions as liquid biopsies. Genomic profiling of the circulating markers including circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or even RNA, proteins, and lipids constituting exosomes, have facilitated the diligent monitoring of response to treatment, allowed one to follow the emergence of drug resistance, and enumerate minimal residual disease. The prevalence of tumor educated platelets (TEPs) and our understanding of how tumor cells influence platelets are beginning to unearth TEPs as a potentially dynamic component of liquid biopsies. Here, we review the biology, methodology, approaches, and clinical applications of biomarkers used to assess liquid biopsies. The current review addresses recent technological advances and different forms of liquid biopsy along with upcoming challenges and how they can be integrated to get the best possible tumor-derived genetic information that can be leveraged to more precise therapies for patient as liquid biopsies become increasingly routine in clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis ; Circulating Tumor DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Liquid Biopsy/methods ; Medical Oncology ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Circulating Tumor DNA
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	189220-4
ISSN	1532-8708 ; 0093-7754
ISSN (online)	1532-8708
ISSN	0093-7754
DOI	10.1053/j.seminoncol.2021.06.002
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Zs.A 1348: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Multicystic Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Kidney: A Case Report With Review of Literature.

Lobo, Anandi / Kapoor, Rahul / Sharma, Shivani / Bhagwat, Prashant / Raje, Avinash / Mohanty, Sambit K

International journal of surgical pathology

2022 Volume 31, Issue 5, Page(s) 825–829

Abstract: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm known to occur at various soft tissue and visceral locations. Kidney is one of the rare locations for these tumors with around 64 cases being available in the literature. Most of the renal SFTs ... ...

Abstract	Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm known to occur at various soft tissue and visceral locations. Kidney is one of the rare locations for these tumors with around 64 cases being available in the literature. Most of the renal SFTs are tan-white, solid, firm, unencapsulated, and lobulated masses. A predominantly cystic renal SFT has never been reported in the literature. Herein we describe a case of multicystic renal SFT in a 44-year-old male with the characteristic CD34 + /STAT6 + immunophenotype. A careful gross and microscopic examination is warranted while dealing with cystic spindle cell neoplasms of the kidney and SFT should always be considered in the differential diagnosis. STAT6 immunohistochemistry is quite specific for the diagnosis. Moreso, a detailed immunopanel is necessary to exclude other spindle cell neoplasms of the kidney because of significant therapeutic and prognostic implications.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors/diagnosis ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors/surgery ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors/genetics ; Kidney/pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms/pathology ; Prognosis ; STAT6 Transcription Factor/genetics
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; STAT6 Transcription Factor
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1336393-1
ISSN	1940-2465 ; 1066-8969
ISSN (online)	1940-2465
ISSN	1066-8969
DOI	10.1177/10668969221143465
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Article ; Online: Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Kidney With Pure Round Cell Features: A Case Report With Review of Literature.

Lobo, Anandi / Jha, Shilpy / Kapoor, Rahul / Diwaker, Preeti / Akgul, Mahmut / Arora, Samriti / Pradhan, Manas / Sahoo, Biswajit / Nigam, Lovelesh K / Mohanty, Sambit K

International journal of surgical pathology

2023 , Page(s) 10668969231199165

Abstract: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm known to occur at various soft tissue and visceral locations. Kidney is a rarely reported site for these tumors. Most of the SFTs described in the kidney exhibit a classical CD34-positive ... ...

Abstract	Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm known to occur at various soft tissue and visceral locations. Kidney is a rarely reported site for these tumors. Most of the SFTs described in the kidney exhibit a classical CD34-positive patternless spindle cell histology. Focal round cell morphology is seldom reported. Herein, we describe a 48-year-old male patient with renal SFT. This tumor had pure round cell morphology with a CD34-/STAT6+ immunophenotype. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and a multiplexed sequencing assay performed on an Illumina® HiSeq 4000 platform revealed
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1336393-1
ISSN	1940-2465 ; 1066-8969
ISSN (online)	1940-2465
ISSN	1066-8969
DOI	10.1177/10668969231199165
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