LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 389

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: The cervical portion of the vertebral artery: a clinico-pathological study, by E. C. Hutchinson and P. O. Yates (from the Department of Neurology and Neuro-pathology, the Manchester Royal Infirmary) Brain 1956: 79; 319-31 and Arterial occlusions in the vertebro-basilar system: a study of 44 patients with post-mortem data, by P. Castaigne, F. Lhermitte, J. C. Gautier, R. Escourolle, C. Derouesné, P. Der Agopian and C. Popa (from Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, 47 Bd de l'ôpital, Paris, 13), Brain 1973: 96; 133-154.

    Compston, Alastair

    Brain : a journal of neurology

    2009  Volume 132, Issue Pt 4, Page(s) 827–830

    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-04-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80072-7
    ISSN 1460-2156 ; 0006-8950
    ISSN (online) 1460-2156
    ISSN 0006-8950
    DOI 10.1093/brain/awp066
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: People living with HIV and fracture risk.

    Premaor, M O / Compston, J E

    Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA

    2020  Volume 31, Issue 9, Page(s) 1633–1644

    Abstract: PLHIV have an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures when compared with people of the same age and sex. In this review, we address the epidemiology and the pathophysiology of bone disease and fractures in PLHIV. The assessment of fracture risk and ... ...

    Abstract PLHIV have an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures when compared with people of the same age and sex. In this review, we address the epidemiology and the pathophysiology of bone disease and fractures in PLHIV. The assessment of fracture risk and fracture prevention in these subjects is also discussed. The spectrum of HIV-associated disease has changed dramatically since the introduction of potent antiretroviral drugs. Today, the survival of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is close to that of the general population. However, the longer life-span in PLHIV is accompanied by an increased prevalence of chronic diseases. Detrimental effects on bone health are well recognised, with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures, including vertebral fractures, compared to the general population. The causes of bone disease in PLHIV are not fully understood, but include HIV-specific risk factors such as use of antiretrovirals and the presence of chronic inflammation, as well as traditional risk factors for fracture. Current guidelines recommend the use of FRAX to assess fracture probability in PLHIV age ≥ 40 years and measurement of bone mineral density in those at increased fracture risk. Vitamin D deficiency, if present, should be treated. Bisphosphonates have been shown to increase bone density in PLHIV although fracture outcomes are not available.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Bone Density ; Diphosphonates ; Fractures, Bone/epidemiology ; Fractures, Bone/etiology ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Osteoporosis/epidemiology ; Osteoporosis/etiology ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Diphosphonates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1064892-6
    ISSN 1433-2965 ; 0937-941X
    ISSN (online) 1433-2965
    ISSN 0937-941X
    DOI 10.1007/s00198-020-05350-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article: Bone densitometry and clinical decision making.

    Compston, J E

    Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry

    2012  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–9

    MeSH term(s) Absorptiometry, Photon ; Decision Making ; Humans ; Osteoporosis/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-04-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2040951-5
    ISSN 1094-6950
    ISSN 1094-6950
    DOI 10.1385/jcd:2:1:5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Transparency and trust.

    Compston, J E

    Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA

    2010  Volume 21, Issue 5, Page(s) 711–712

    MeSH term(s) Conflict of Interest ; Disclosure/ethics ; Drug Industry/ethics ; Humans ; Interinstitutional Relations ; Trust
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1064892-6
    ISSN 1433-2965 ; 0937-941X
    ISSN (online) 1433-2965
    ISSN 0937-941X
    DOI 10.1007/s00198-010-1191-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: Bisphosphonates and atypical femoral fractures: a time for reflection.

    Compston, J E

    Maturitas

    2010  Volume 65, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–4

    MeSH term(s) Alendronate/adverse effects ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/administration & dosage ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects ; Diphosphonates/administration & dosage ; Diphosphonates/adverse effects ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Femoral Fractures/chemically induced ; Femoral Fractures/surgery ; Humans ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Bone Density Conservation Agents ; Diphosphonates ; Alendronate (X1J18R4W8P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80460-5
    ISSN 1873-4111 ; 0378-5122
    ISSN (online) 1873-4111
    ISSN 0378-5122
    DOI 10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.11.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article: Repeating Measurement of Bone Mineral Density when Monitoring with Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry: 2019 ISCD Official Position.

    Kendler, David L / Compston, Juliet / Carey, John J / Wu, Chih-Hsing / Ibrahim, Ammar / Lewiecki, E Michael

    Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry

    2019  Volume 22, Issue 4, Page(s) 489–500

    Abstract: Bone mineral density (BMD) can be measured at multiple skeletal sites using various technologies to aid clinical decision-making in bone and mineral disorders. BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has a critical role in predicting risk of ... ...

    Abstract Bone mineral density (BMD) can be measured at multiple skeletal sites using various technologies to aid clinical decision-making in bone and mineral disorders. BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has a critical role in predicting risk of fracture, diagnosis of osteoporosis, and monitoring patients. In clinical practice, DXA remains the most available and best validated tool for monitoring patients. A quality baseline DXA scan is essential for comparison with all subsequent scans. Monitoring patients with serial measurements requires technical expertise and knowledge of the least significant change in order to determine when follow-up scans should be repeated. Prior ISCD Official Positions have clarified how and when repeat DXA is useful as well as the interpretation of results. The 2019 ISCD Official Positions considered new evidence and clarifies if and when BMD should be repeated. There is good evidence showing that repeat BMD measurement can identify people who experience bone loss, which is an independent predictor of fracture risk. There is good evidence showing that the reduction in spine and hip fractures with osteoporosis medication is proportional to the change in BMD with treatment. There is evidence that measuring BMD is useful following discontinuation of osteoporosis treatment. There is less documentation addressing the effectiveness of monitoring BMD to improve medication adherence, whether monitoring of BMD reduces the risk of fracture, or effectively discriminates patients who should and should not recommence treatment following an interruption of medication. Further research is needed in all of these areas.
    MeSH term(s) Absorptiometry, Photon/standards ; Bone Density ; Consensus Development Conferences as Topic ; Humans ; Osteoporosis/diagnosis ; Societies, Medical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2040951-5
    ISSN 1094-6950
    ISSN 1094-6950
    DOI 10.1016/j.jocd.2019.07.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: The clinical characteristics of lower extremity lymphedema in 440 patients.

    Dean, Steven M / Valenti, Elizabeth / Hock, Karen / Leffler, Julie / Compston, Amy / Abraham, William T

    Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 5, Page(s) 851–859

    Abstract: Background: Lower extremity lymphedema is frequently encountered in the vascular clinic. Established dogma purports that cancer is the most common cause of lower extremity lymphedema in Western countries, whereas chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is ... ...

    Abstract Background: Lower extremity lymphedema is frequently encountered in the vascular clinic. Established dogma purports that cancer is the most common cause of lower extremity lymphedema in Western countries, whereas chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is often overlooked as a potential cause. Moreover, lymphedema is typically ascribed to a single cause, yet multiple causes can coexist.
    Methods: A 3-year retrospective analysis was conducted of demographic and clinical characteristics of 440 eligible patients with lower extremity lymphedema who presented for lymphatic physiotherapy to a university medical center's cancer-based physical therapy department.
    Results: The four most common causes of lower extremity lymphedema were CVI (phlebolymphedema; 41.8%), cancer-related lymphedema (33.9%), primary lymphedema (12.5%), and lipedema with secondary lymphedema (11.8%). The collective cohort was more likely to be female (71.1%; P < .0001), to be white (78.9%; P < .0001), to demonstrate bilateral distribution (74.5%; P < .0001), and to have involvement of the left leg (bilateral, 69.1% [P < .0001]; unilateral, 58.9% [P = .0588]). Morbid obesity was pervasive (mean weight and body mass index, 115.8 kg and 40.2 kg/m
    Conclusions: In a large cohort of patients treated in a cancer-affiliated physical therapy department, CVI (phlebolymphedema), not cancer, was the predominant cause of lower extremity lymphedema. One in four patients had more than one cause of lymphedema. Notable clinical characteristics included a proclivity for female patients, bilateral distribution, left limb, cellulitis, and nearly universal morbid obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects ; Cellulitis/complications ; Female ; Humans ; Lipedema/complications ; Lipedema/diagnosis ; Lipedema/physiopathology ; Lower Extremity ; Lymphedema/diagnosis ; Lymphedema/etiology ; Lymphedema/physiopathology ; Lymphedema/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/complications ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Obesity, Morbid/complications ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Venous Insufficiency/complications ; Venous Insufficiency/diagnosis ; Venous Insufficiency/physiopathology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2213-3348
    ISSN (online) 2213-3348
    DOI 10.1016/j.jvsv.2019.11.014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article: Diagnostik der sekundären Ursachen von Osteoporose.

    Premaor, M O / Compston, J E

    Praxis

    2012  Volume 101, Issue 1, Page(s) 51–54

    Title translation Diagnosis of secondary etiologies of osteoporosis.
    MeSH term(s) Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae/injuries ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis ; Osteoporosis/diagnosis ; Osteoporosis/etiology ; Osteoporotic Fractures/diagnosis ; Osteoporotic Fractures/etiology ; Spinal Fractures/diagnosis ; Spinal Fractures/etiology ; Thoracic Vertebrae/injuries
    Language German
    Publishing date 2012-01-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209026-0
    ISSN 1661-8165 ; 1661-8157 ; 0369-8394
    ISSN (online) 1661-8165
    ISSN 1661-8157 ; 0369-8394
    DOI 10.1024/1661-8157/a000842
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: Cost-effective but clinically inappropriate: new NICE intervention thresholds in osteoporosis (Technology Appraisal 464).

    Harvey, N C / McCloskey, E / Kanis, J A / Compston, J / Cooper, C

    Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA

    2018  Volume 29, Issue 7, Page(s) 1511–1513

    Abstract: Purpose: To comment on the latest technology appraisal of the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) in osteoporosis.: Methods: Review of NICE Technology Appraisal (TA464) on bisphosphonate use in osteoporosis.: Results: The NICE ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To comment on the latest technology appraisal of the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) in osteoporosis.
    Methods: Review of NICE Technology Appraisal (TA464) on bisphosphonate use in osteoporosis.
    Results: The NICE appraisal on bisphosphonate use in osteoporosis indicates that treatment with oral bisphosphonates may be instituted at a FRAX 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture above 1%. Implementation would mean that all women aged 50 years or older are deemed eligible for treatment, a position that would increase the burden of rare long-term side effects across the population.
    Conclusion: Cost-effectiveness thresholds for low-cost interventions should not be used to set intervention thresholds but rather to validate the implementation of clinically driven intervention thresholds.
    MeSH term(s) Bone Density/drug effects ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/economics ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/therapeutic use ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Decision Support Techniques ; Diphosphonates/therapeutic use ; Evidence-Based Medicine/standards ; Humans ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy ; Osteoporosis/economics ; Osteoporosis/physiopathology ; Osteoporotic Fractures/economics ; Osteoporotic Fractures/etiology ; Osteoporotic Fractures/physiopathology ; Osteoporotic Fractures/prevention & control ; Risk Assessment/methods ; United Kingdom
    Chemical Substances Bone Density Conservation Agents ; Diphosphonates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1064892-6
    ISSN 1433-2965 ; 0937-941X
    ISSN (online) 1433-2965
    ISSN 0937-941X
    DOI 10.1007/s00198-018-4505-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article: The risks and benefits of HRT.

    Compston, J E

    Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions

    2004  Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) 187–190

    Abstract: For many years hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was regarded as the gold standard for treatment of osteoporosis. In recent years this status has been challenged, because of the lack of a robust evidence base for anti-fracture efficacy, emerging evidence ...

    Abstract For many years hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was regarded as the gold standard for treatment of osteoporosis. In recent years this status has been challenged, because of the lack of a robust evidence base for anti-fracture efficacy, emerging evidence of adverse extraskeletal effects and the demonstrated efficacy of a number of alternative options in the prevention of osteoporotic fractures. The current consensus is that HRT is no longer regarded as a front-line option for prevention of osteoporotic fractures and that its use for this purpose should be restricted to women with osteoporosis who have menopausal symptoms and to older women who are intolerant of other therapies and/or express a strong preference for HRT despite being informed about potential adverse effects. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which estrogen exerts its beneficial skeletal effects remain a major area of research that has important implications for the development of novel therapies.
    MeSH term(s) Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy ; Osteoporosis/epidemiology ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-06
    Publishing country Greece
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2041366-X
    ISSN 1108-7161
    ISSN 1108-7161
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top