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Article ; Online: Engineering of stable infectious cDNA constructs of a fluorescently tagged tomato chlorosis virus.

Kwon, Sun-Jung / Lee, Ye-Ji / Cho, Young-Eun / Byun, Hee-Seong / Seo, Jang-Kyun

2024 Volume 593, Page(s) 110010

Abstract: Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is an emerging pathogen that cause severe yellow leaf disorder syndrome in tomato plants. In this study, we aimed to generate a recombinant ToCV tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) to enable real-time monitoring of ... ...

Abstract	Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is an emerging pathogen that cause severe yellow leaf disorder syndrome in tomato plants. In this study, we aimed to generate a recombinant ToCV tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) to enable real-time monitoring of viral infection in living plants. Transformation of the full-length cDNA construct of ToCV RNA1 into Escherichia coli resulted in instability issues, which were successfully overcome by inserting a plant intron into RNA1. Subsequently, a GFP tag was engineered into a cDNA construct of ToCV RNA2. The resulting recombinant ToCV-GFP could systemically infect Nicotiana benthamiana plants, and GFP expression was observed along the major veins. Utilizing ToCV-GFP, we also showed that ToCV engages in antagonistic relationships with two different tomato-infecting viruses in mixed infections in N. benthamiana. This study demonstrates the potential of ToCV-GFP as a valuable tool for the visual tracking of infection and movement of criniviruses in living plants.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Crinivirus/genetics ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; Plant Diseases ; Insect Vectors ; Plants ; Solanum lycopersicum/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA, Complementary
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	200425-2
ISSN	1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
ISSN (online)	1096-0341
ISSN	0042-6822
DOI	10.1016/j.virol.2024.110010
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Article ; Online: 2-Mercaptoethanol protects against DNA double-strand breaks after kidney ischemia and reperfusion injury through GPX4 upregulation.

Moon, Daeun / Padanilam, Babu J / Jang, Hee-Seong / Kim, Jinu

Pharmacological reports : PR

2022 Volume 74, Issue 5, Page(s) 1041–1053

Abstract: Background: Kidney ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is characterized by tubular cell death. DNA double-strand breaks is one of the major sources of tubular cell death induced by IRI. 2-Mercaptoethanol (2-ME) is protective against DNA double-strand ... ...

Abstract	Background: Kidney ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is characterized by tubular cell death. DNA double-strand breaks is one of the major sources of tubular cell death induced by IRI. 2-Mercaptoethanol (2-ME) is protective against DNA double-strand breaks derived from calf thymus and bovine embryo. Here, we sought to determine whether treatment with 2-ME attenuated DNA double-strand breaks, resulting in reduced kidney dysfunction and structural damage in IRI. Methods: Kidney IRI or sham-operation in mice was carried out. The mice were treated with 2-ME, Ras-selective lethal 3, or vehicle. Kidney function, tubular injury, DNA damage, antioxidant enzyme expression, and DNA damage response (DDR) kinases activation were assessed. Results: Treatment with 2-ME significantly attenuated kidney dysfunction, tubular injury, and DNA double-strand breaks after IRI. Among DDR kinases, IRI induced phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR), but IRI reduced phosphorylation of other DDR kinases including ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related, checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), Chk2, and Chinese hamster cells 1 (XRCC1). Treatment with 2-ME enhanced phosphorylation of ATM and ATM-mediated effector kinases in IRI-subjected kidneys, suggesting that 2-ME activates ATM-mediated DDR signaling pathway. Furthermore, 2-ME dramatically upregulated glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in IRI-subjected kidneys. Inhibition of GPX4 augmented adverse IRI consequences including kidney dysfunction, tubular injury, DNA double-strand breaks, and inactivation of ATM-mediated DDR signaling pathway after IRI in 2-ME-treated kidneys. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that exogenous 2-ME protects against DNA double-strand breaks after kidney IRI through GPX4 upregulation and ATM activation.
MeSH term(s)	Cattle ; Animals ; Mice ; Checkpoint Kinase 1/genetics ; Checkpoint Kinase 1/metabolism ; Mercaptoethanol/metabolism ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/genetics ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; Ataxia Telangiectasia/metabolism ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase ; DNA Damage ; Phosphorylation ; Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control ; Reperfusion Injury/metabolism ; Kidney/metabolism ; DNA/metabolism ; Ischemia/metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
Chemical Substances	Checkpoint Kinase 1 (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Mercaptoethanol (60-24-2) ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; Antioxidants ; Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.12) ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; Cell Cycle Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2186248-5
ISSN	2299-5684 ; 1734-1140
ISSN (online)	2299-5684
ISSN	1734-1140
DOI	10.1007/s43440-022-00403-x
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Article: First report of citrus leaf blotch virus infecting Viburnum lentago in South Korea.

Kim, Myung-Hwi / Byun, Hee-Seong / Kwak, Hae-Ryun / Kwon, Sun-Jung / Seo, Jang-Kyun

Plant disease

2023

Abstract: Viburnum lentago (family Adoxaceae) is a perennial plant species native to northeastern United States and southern Canada. Globally, V. lentago is a popular garden plant due to its abundant flowers and beautiful autumnal color. V. lentago is also ... ...

Abstract	Viburnum lentago (family Adoxaceae) is a perennial plant species native to northeastern United States and southern Canada. Globally, V. lentago is a popular garden plant due to its abundant flowers and beautiful autumnal color. V. lentago is also commercially cultivated for medicinal purposes because its roots and fruits can be used in herbal preparations (Jiao et al. 2021). In June 2022, virus-like symptoms of vein chlorosis and yellowing were observed in the leaves of many V. lentago trees planted in a public park in Wonju, South Korea. Leaf samples were collected from five symptomatic V. lentago trees. To identify the causal agent(s) of the virus-like symptoms, total RNA was isolated from one sample using PureLink® RNA Mini Kit (Invitrogen, USA) and subjected to library construction using Illumina TruSeq RNA Sample Preparation Kit v2 (Illumina, Inc., USA). RNA-Seq was performed using an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 system (Macrogen, Korea). De novo assembly of 118,878,556 quality-filtered reads was performed using the Trinity pipeline (Kwon et al. 2018), yielding 296,109 contigs. BLASTn and BLASTx analyses of the contigs against the GenBank viral reference database identified only one large contig (8,816 nt) containing a 26-nt poly(A) tail of viral origin. This contig had a maximum nucleotide identity of 85.53 % (with 99 % coverage) with isolate HZ (accession No. MH427034) of citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV; genus Citrivirus, family Betaflexiviridae), suggesting that the collected sample was infected with CLBV. All collected V. lentago samples were tested using RT-PCR with CLBV-specific primers (CLBV-Det-Fw 5'-AACGAGGCCAATTCTGCTAT-3' and CLBV-Det-Rv 5'-GACTGCTTGACTAACAC-CCA-3'). All samples were positive for CLBV. For biological indexing, sap from the symptomatic V. lentago leaves was mechanically inoculated to indicator plants, including Nicotiana benthamiana, N. occidentalis, N. tabacum, Datura stramonium, Chenopodium quinoa, Vigna unguiculata, and V. lentago. Three months later, only V. lentago developed the same vein chlorosis symptoms observed in the collected samples, and no other tested plants exhibited obvious symptoms. Further, only V. lentago sample tested positive for CLBV using RT-PCR analysis. To determine the complete genome sequence of the CLBV V. lentago isolate, the contig sequence was confirmed by de novo sequencing of the RT-PCR products amplified using CLBV-specific primers. The 5' terminal sequence of the contig was determined using the 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends method (Seo et al. 2015). The full-length sequence of CLBV isolated from V. lentago was 8,795 nt in length (excluding poly(A) tail), and deposited in GenBank under the accession number OP751940. Although numerous isolates of CLBV have been identified in various plant species, including citrus, kiwi, and lemon plants (Cao et al. 2017), the V. lentago isolate is likely a distinct variant because its CP gene has a maximum nucleotide identity of 85.53 % with that of a kiwi isolate (MH339916). With little information available on viral diseases infecting V. lentago, this is the first identified and completely sequenced CLBV infecting V. lentago. Significantly, V. lentago plants infected with CLBV did not flower throughout the summer period, reducing their value as an ornamental plant. Furthermore, V. lentago might have acted as an intermediate host to transfer CLBV to other crops such as citrus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CLBV infecting V. lentago in South Korea and the world.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	754182-x
ISSN	0191-2917
ISSN	0191-2917
DOI	10.1094/PDIS-11-22-2640-PDN
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Article ; Online: Nephron Progenitor Maintenance Is Controlled through Fibroblast Growth Factors and Sprouty1 Interaction.

Huh, Sung-Ho / Ha, Ligyeom / Jang, Hee-Seong

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

2020 Volume 31, Issue 11, Page(s) 2559–2572

Abstract: Background: Nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) give rise to all segments of functional nephrons and are of great interest due to their potential as a source for novel treatment strategies for kidney disease. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling plays ... ...

Abstract	Background: Nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) give rise to all segments of functional nephrons and are of great interest due to their potential as a source for novel treatment strategies for kidney disease. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling plays pivotal roles in generating and maintaining NPCs during kidney development, but little is known about the molecule(s) regulating FGF signaling during nephron development. Sprouty 1 (SPRY1) is an antagonist of receptor tyrosine kinases. Although SPRY1 antagonizes Ret-GDNF signaling, which modulates renal branching, its role in NPCs is not known. Methods: Spry1 Results: Loss of one copy of Conclusions: SPRY1 expressed in NPCs modulates the activity of FGF signaling and regulates NPC stemness. These findings indicate the importance of the balance between positive and negative signals during NPC maintenance.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics ; Animals ; Cell Death/genetics ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Cell Proliferation/genetics ; Cell Survival/genetics ; Congenital Abnormalities/genetics ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8/genetics ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 9/genetics ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics ; Kidney/abnormalities ; Kidney Diseases/congenital ; Kidney Diseases/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Mice ; Nephrons/metabolism ; Nephrons/pathology ; Nephrons/physiology ; Phenotype ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Stem Cells/metabolism ; Stem Cells/physiology
Chemical Substances	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Fgf20 protein, mouse ; Fgf8 protein, mouse ; Fgf9 protein, mouse ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 ; Membrane Proteins ; Spry1 protein, mouse ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 (148997-75-5) ; Fibroblast Growth Factors (62031-54-3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1085942-1
ISSN	1533-3450 ; 1046-6673
ISSN (online)	1533-3450
ISSN	1046-6673
DOI	10.1681/ASN.2020040401
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Article ; Online: A multiplex RT-PCR assay for detection of emergent pepper Tsw resistance-breaking variants of tomato spotted wilt virus in South Korea.

Kwon, Sun-Jung / Cho, Young-Eun / Byun, Hee-Seong / Kwak, Hae-Ryun / Seo, Jang-Kyun

Molecular and cellular probes

2022 Volume 61, Page(s) 101792

Abstract: Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a highly destructive virus for pepper. Introgression of the resistance gene Tsw in pepper is used to manage TSWV worldwide; however, the occurrence of Tsw resistance-breaking (RB) variants threatens the pepper industry. ...

Abstract	Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a highly destructive virus for pepper. Introgression of the resistance gene Tsw in pepper is used to manage TSWV worldwide; however, the occurrence of Tsw resistance-breaking (RB) variants threatens the pepper industry. Here, we developed a multiplex reverse-transcription PCR assay for detection of recently emerged Tsw RB variants in South Korea with high specificity and sensitivity.
MeSH term(s)	Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Plant Diseases/genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcription ; Tospovirus/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639082-1
ISSN	1096-1194 ; 0890-8508
ISSN (online)	1096-1194
ISSN	0890-8508
DOI	10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101792
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Article ; Online: First Report of Citrus Leaf Blotch Virus Infecting Viburnum lentago in South Korea

Kim, Myung-Hwi / Byun, Hee-Seong / Kwak, Hae-Ryun / Kwŏn, Sun-jung / Seo, Jang-Kyun

Plant Disease. 2023 Aug. 01, v. 107, no. 8 p.2568-

2023

Abstract: Viburnum lentago (family Adoxaceae) is a perennial plant species native to the northeastern United States and southern Canada. Globally, V. lentago is a popular garden plant because of its abundant flowers and beautiful autumnal color. V. lentago is also ...

Abstract	Viburnum lentago (family Adoxaceae) is a perennial plant species native to the northeastern United States and southern Canada. Globally, V. lentago is a popular garden plant because of its abundant flowers and beautiful autumnal color. V. lentago is also commercially cultivated for medicinal purposes because its roots and fruits can be used in herbal preparations (Jiao et al. 2021). In June 2022, virus-like symptoms such as vein chlorosis and yellowing were observed in the leaves of many V. lentago trees planted in a public park in Wonju, South Korea. Leaf samples were collected from five symptomatic V. lentago trees. To identify the causal agent(s) of the virus-like symptoms, total RNA was isolated from one sample using PureLink RNA Mini Kit (Invitrogen, U.S.A.) and subjected to library construction using Illumina TruSeq RNA Sample Preparation Kit v2 (Illumina, U.S.A.). RNA-Seq was performed using an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 system (Macrogen, Korea). De novo assembly of 118,878,556 quality-filtered reads was performed using the Trinity pipeline (Kwon et al. 2018), yielding 296,109 contigs. BLASTn and BLASTx analyses of the contigs against the GenBank viral reference database identified only one large contig (8,816 nt) containing a 26-nt poly(A) tail of viral origin. This contig had a maximum nucleotide identity of 85.53% (with 99% coverage) with the isolate HZ (accession no. MH427034) of citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV; genus Citrivirus, family Betaflexiviridae), suggesting that the collected sample was infected with CLBV. All collected V. lentago samples were tested using RT-PCR with CLBV-specific primers (CLBV-Det-Fw, 5′-AACGAGGCCAATTCTGCTAT-3′; and CLBV-Det-Rv, 5′-GACTGCTTGACTAACAC-CCA-3′). All samples were positive for CLBV. For biological indexing, sap from the symptomatic V. lentago leaves was mechanically inoculated into indicator plants, including Nicotiana benthamiana, N. occidentalis, N. tabacum, Datura stramonium, Chenopodium quinoa, Vigna unguiculata, and V. lentago. Three months later, only V. lentago developed the same vein chlorosis symptoms observed in the collected samples, and no other tested plants exhibited obvious symptoms. Furthermore, only V. lentago sample tested positive for CLBV using RT-PCR analysis. To determine the complete genome sequence of the CLBV V. lentago isolate, the contig sequence was confirmed by de novo sequencing of the RT-PCR products amplified using CLBV-specific primers. The 5′ terminal sequence of the contig was determined using the 5′ rapid amplification of the cDNA ends method (Seo et al. 2015). The full-length sequence of CLBV isolated from V. lentago was 8,795 nt in length (excluding poly(A) tail) and was deposited in GenBank under the accession number OP751940. Although numerous isolates of CLBV have been identified in various plant species, including citrus, kiwi, and lemon plants (Cao et al. 2017), the V. lentago isolate is likely a distinct variant because its coat protein (CP) gene has a maximum nucleotide identity of 85.53% with that of a kiwi isolate (MH339916). With little information available on viral diseases infecting V. lentago, this is the first identified and completely sequenced CLBV infecting V. lentago. Significantly, V. lentago plants infected with CLBV did not flower throughout the summer period, reducing their value as an ornamental plant. Furthermore, V. lentago might have acted as an intermediate host to transfer CLBV to other crops such as citrus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CLBV infecting V. lentago in South Korea and the world.
Keywords	Chenopodium quinoa ; Citrus ; Citrus leaf blotch virus ; Datura stramonium ; Nicotiana benthamiana ; RNA ; Viburnum lentago ; Vigna unguiculata ; chlorosis ; coat proteins ; color ; databases ; genes ; indigenous species ; intermediate hosts ; leaves ; lemons ; nucleotide sequences ; ornamental plants ; perennials ; public parks ; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ; sap ; sequence analysis ; summer ; Canada ; South Korea ; virus detection
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0801
Publishing place	The American Phytopathological Society
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	754182-x
ISSN	0191-2917
ISSN	0191-2917
DOI	10.1094/PDIS-11-22-2640-PDN
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Renal sympathetic nerve activation via α2-adrenergic receptors in chronic kidney disease progression

Hee-Seong Jang / Jinu Kim / Babu J. Padanilam

Kidney Research and Clinical Practice, Vol 38, Iss 1, Pp 6-

2019 Volume 14

Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide without an effective therapeutic strategy. Sympathetic nerve activation is implicated in CKD progression, as well as cardiovascular dysfunction. Renal denervation is beneficial for controlling blood ... ...

Abstract	Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide without an effective therapeutic strategy. Sympathetic nerve activation is implicated in CKD progression, as well as cardiovascular dysfunction. Renal denervation is beneficial for controlling blood pressure (BP) and improving renal function through reduction of sympathetic nerve activity in patients with resistant hypertension and CKD. Sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) via adrenergic receptor (AR) signaling has been implicated in tissue homeostasis and various disease progressions, including CKD. Increased plasma NE level is a predictor of survival and the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with end-stage renal disease, as well as future renal injury in subjects with normal BP and renal function. Our recent data demonstrate that NE derived from renal nerves causes renal inflammation and fibrosis progression through alpha-2 adrenergic receptors (α2-AR) in renal fibrosis models independent of BP. Sympathetic nerve activation-associated molecular mechanisms and signals seem to be critical for the development and progression of CKD, but the exact role of sympathetic nerve activation in CKD progression remains undefined. This review explores the current knowledge of NE-α2-AR signaling in renal diseases and offers prospective views on developing therapeutic strategies targeting NE-AR signaling in CKD progression.
Keywords	Denervation ; Fibrosis ; Inflammation ; Norepinephrine ; Reperfusion injury ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Korean Society of Nephrology
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Visual tracking of viral infection dynamics reveals the synergistic interactions between cucumber mosaic virus and broad bean wilt virus 2.

Kwon, Min-Jun / Kwon, Sun-Jung / Kim, Myung-Hwi / Choi, Boram / Byun, Hee-Seong / Kwak, Hae-Ryun / Seo, Jang-Kyun

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 7261

Abstract: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most prevalent plant viruses in the world, and causes severe damage to various crops. CMV has been studied as a model RNA virus to better understand viral replication, gene functions, evolution, virion structure, ...

Abstract	Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most prevalent plant viruses in the world, and causes severe damage to various crops. CMV has been studied as a model RNA virus to better understand viral replication, gene functions, evolution, virion structure, and pathogenicity. However, CMV infection and movement dynamics remain unexplored due to the lack of a stable recombinant virus tagged with a reporter gene. In this study, we generated a CMV infectious cDNA construct tagged with a variant of the flavin-binding LOV photoreceptor (iLOV). The iLOV gene was stably maintained in the CMV genome after more than four weeks of three serial passages between plants. Using the iLOV-tagged recombinant CMV, we visualized CMV infection and movement dynamics in living plants in a time course manner. We also examined whether CMV infection dynamics is influenced by co-infection with broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2). Our results revealed that no spatial interference occurred between CMV and BBWV2. Specifically, BBWV2 facilitated the cell-to-cell movement of CMV in the upper young leaves. In addition, the BBWV2 accumulation level increased after co-infection with CMV.
MeSH term(s)	Cucumovirus ; Coinfection ; Plants/genetics ; Virus Diseases ; Vicia faba/genetics ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Plant Diseases
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-34553-6
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Article ; Online: Ccr2 Dependent Monocytes Exacerbate Intestinal Inflammation and Modulate Gut Serotonergic Signaling Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

El Baassiri, Mahmoud G / Raouf, Zachariah / Jang, Hee-Seong / Scheese, Daniel / Duess, Johannes W / Fulton, William B / Sodhi, Chhinder P / Hackam, David J / Nasr, Isam W

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery

2024

Abstract: Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to acute gastrointestinal dysfunction and mucosal damage, resulting in feeding intolerance. Ccr2+ monocytes are crucial immune cells that regulate the gut's inflammatory response via the brain-gut axis. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to acute gastrointestinal dysfunction and mucosal damage, resulting in feeding intolerance. Ccr2+ monocytes are crucial immune cells that regulate the gut's inflammatory response via the brain-gut axis. Using CCR2KO mice, we investigated the intricate interplay between these cells to better elucidate the role of systemic inflammation after TBI. Methods: A murine-controlled cortical impact model was utilized, and results were analyzed on post-injury days (PID) 1 and 3. The experimental groups included (1) Sham C57Bl/6 wild-type (WT), (2) TBI WT, (3) Sham CCR2KO and (4) TBI CCR2KO. Mice were euthanized on PID 1 and 3 to harvest the ileum and study intestinal dysfunction and serotonergic signaling using a combination of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, FITC-dextran motility assays, and flow cytometry. Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis, with significance achieved when p < 0.05. Results: TBI resulted in severe dysfunction and dysmotility of the small intestine in WT mice as established by significant upregulation of inflammatory cytokines iNOS, Lcn2, TNFα, and IL1β and the innate immunity receptor toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4). This was accompanied by disruption of genes related to serotonin synthesis and degradation. Notably, CCR2KO mice subjected to TBI showed substantial improvements in intestinal pathology. TBI CCR2KO groups demonstrated reduced expression of inflammatory mediators (iNOS, Lcn2, IL1β, and Tlr4) and improvement in serotonin synthesis genes, including tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1) and dopa decarboxylase (Ddc). Conclusion: Our study reveals a critical role for Ccr2+ monocytes in modulating intestinal homeostasis after TBI. Ccr2+ monocytes aggravate intestinal inflammation and alter gut-derived serotonergic signaling. Therefore, targeting Ccr2+ monocyte-dependent responses could provide a better understanding of TBI-induced gut inflammation. Further studies are required to elucidate the impact of these changes on brain neuroinflammation and cognitive outcomes. Study type: Original Article (Basic Science, level of evidence N/A).
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2651070-4
ISSN	2163-0763 ; 2163-0755
ISSN (online)	2163-0763
ISSN	2163-0755
DOI	10.1097/TA.0000000000004246
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Article: Renal sympathetic nerve activation via α

Jang, Hee-Seong / Kim, Jinu / Padanilam, Babu J

Kidney research and clinical practice

2019 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) 6–14

Abstract	Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide without an effective therapeutic strategy. Sympathetic nerve activation is implicated in CKD progression, as well as cardiovascular dysfunction. Renal denervation is beneficial for controlling blood pressure (BP) and improving renal function through reduction of sympathetic nerve activity in patients with resistant hypertension and CKD. Sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) via adrenergic receptor (AR) signaling has been implicated in tissue homeostasis and various disease progressions, including CKD. Increased plasma NE level is a predictor of survival and the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with end-stage renal disease, as well as future renal injury in subjects with normal BP and renal function. Our recent data demonstrate that NE derived from renal nerves causes renal inflammation and fibrosis progression through alpha-2 adrenergic receptors (α
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-04
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2656420-8
ISSN	2211-9132
ISSN	2211-9132
DOI	10.23876/j.krcp.18.0143
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