LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 314

Search options

  1. Article: Simultaneous Immunization with Multiple Diverse Immunogens Alters Development of Antigen-Specific Antibody-Mediated Immunity.

    Pilewski, Kelsey A / Kramer, Kevin J / Georgiev, Ivelin S

    Vaccines

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 9

    Abstract: Vaccination remains one of the most successful medical interventions in history, significantly decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with, or even eradicating, numerous infectious diseases. Although traditional immunization strategies have ... ...

    Abstract Vaccination remains one of the most successful medical interventions in history, significantly decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with, or even eradicating, numerous infectious diseases. Although traditional immunization strategies have recently proven insufficient in the face of many highly mutable and emerging pathogens, modern strategies aim to rationally engineer a single antigen or cocktail of antigens to generate a focused, protective immune response. However, the effect of cocktail vaccination (simultaneous immunization with multiple immunogens) on the antibody response to each individual antigen within the combination, remains largely unstudied. To investigate whether immunization with a cocktail of diverse antigens would result in decreased antibody titer against each unique antigen in the cocktail compared to immunization with each antigen alone, we immunized mice with surface proteins from uropathogenic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines9090964
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Retinal microvascular and neuronal pathologies probed in vivo by adaptive optical two-photon fluorescence microscopy.

    Zhang, Qinrong / Yang, Yuhan / Cao, Kevin J / Chen, Wei / Paidi, Santosh / Xia, Chun-Hong / Kramer, Richard H / Gong, Xiaohua / Ji, Na

    eLife

    2023  Volume 12

    Abstract: The retina, behind the transparent optics of the eye, is the only neural tissue whose physiology and pathology can be non-invasively probed by optical microscopy. The aberrations intrinsic to the mouse eye, however, prevent high-resolution investigation ... ...

    Abstract The retina, behind the transparent optics of the eye, is the only neural tissue whose physiology and pathology can be non-invasively probed by optical microscopy. The aberrations intrinsic to the mouse eye, however, prevent high-resolution investigation of retinal structure and function in vivo. Optimizing the design of a two-photon fluorescence microscope (2PFM) and sample preparation procedure, we found that adaptive optics (AO), by measuring and correcting ocular aberrations, is essential for resolving putative synaptic structures and achieving three-dimensional cellular resolution in the mouse retina in vivo. Applying AO-2PFM to longitudinal retinal imaging in transgenic models of retinal pathology, we characterized microvascular lesions with sub-capillary details in a proliferative vascular retinopathy model, and found Lidocaine to effectively suppress retinal ganglion cell hyperactivity in a retinal degeneration model. Tracking structural and functional changes at high-resolution longitudinally, AO-2PFM enables microscopic investigations of retinal pathology and pharmacology for disease diagnosis and treatment in vivo.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Retina/pathology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells ; Retinal Degeneration/pathology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Optics and Photonics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.84853
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article ; Online: Simple versus radical cholecystectomy and survival for pathologic stage T1B gallbladder cancer.

    Rhodin, Kristen E / Goins, Stacy / Kramer, Ryan / Eckhoff, Austin M / Herbert, Garth / Shah, Kevin N / Allen, Peter J / Nussbaum, Daniel P / Blazer, Dan G / Zani, Sabino / Lidsky, Michael E

    HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association

    2024  Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 594–602

    Abstract: Background: Radical cholecystectomy is recommended for T1B and greater gallbladder cancer, however, there are conflicting reports on the utility of extended resection for T1B disease. Herein, we characterize outcomes following simple and radical ... ...

    Abstract Background: Radical cholecystectomy is recommended for T1B and greater gallbladder cancer, however, there are conflicting reports on the utility of extended resection for T1B disease. Herein, we characterize outcomes following simple and radical cholecystectomy for pathologic stage T1B gallbladder cancer.
    Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for patients with pathologic T1B gallbladder cancer diagnosed from 2004 to 2018. Patients were stratified by surgical management. Overall survival (OS) was compared with Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards methods.
    Results: Altogether, 950 patients were identified with pathologic T1B gallbladder cancer: 187 (19.7 %) receiving simple and 763 (80.3 %) radical cholecystectomy. Median OS was 89.5 (95 % CI 62.5-137) and 91.4 (95 % CI 75.9-112) months for simple and radical cholecystectomy, respectively (log-rank p = 0.55). Receipt of simple cholecystectomy was not associated with greater hazard of mortality compared to radical cholecystectomy (HR 1.23, 95 % CI 0.95-1.59, p = 0.12).
    Discussion: In this analysis, we report comparable outcomes with simple cholecystectomy among patients with pathologic T1B gallbladder cancer. These findings suggest that highly selected patients, such as those with R0 resection and imaging at low risk for residual disease and/or nodal metastasis, may not benefit from extended resection; however, radical cholecystectomy remains standard of care until prospective validation can be achieved.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gallbladder Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies ; Cholecystectomy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Carcinoma in Situ/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2131251-5
    ISSN 1477-2574 ; 1365-182X
    ISSN (online) 1477-2574
    ISSN 1365-182X
    DOI 10.1016/j.hpb.2024.01.012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Prevalence and clinical significance of increasing head height asymmetry as a measure of forelimb lameness in horses when trotting in a straight line after palmar digital nerve block.

    Kolding, Susanne A / Sørensen, Johnny N / Kramer, Joanne / McCracken, Megan J / Reed, Shannon K / Keegan, Kevin G

    Equine veterinary journal

    2023  Volume 55, Issue 6, Page(s) 988–994

    Abstract: Background: Some horses increase in forelimb lameness, measured as vertical head height asymmetry, or differences in maximums and minimums of head heights (HDmax, HDmin), after a palmar digital nerve (PDN) block. The prevalence of this finding, or what ... ...

    Abstract Background: Some horses increase in forelimb lameness, measured as vertical head height asymmetry, or differences in maximums and minimums of head heights (HDmax, HDmin), after a palmar digital nerve (PDN) block. The prevalence of this finding, or what it means clinically, has not been reported in peer-reviewed literature.
    Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of increasing head height asymmetry after a PDN block and determine if this is associated with cause of forelimb lameness.
    Study design: Retrospective case series.
    Methods: Head height asymmetry, normalised to expected vertical head displacement, from inertial-sensor data collections of all horses evaluated for forelimb lameness while trotting in a straight line at two different clinics were screened for cases that had an initial PDN block and then another more proximal block in the same limb during the same lameness evaluation. Medical records of the screened cases (n = 213) were evaluated to determine the cause of lameness. Prevalence of increasing head height asymmetry was calculated. Differences in lameness amplitude between groups of cases that remained unchanged (Group 1), that increased (Group 2), and that decreased (Group 3) in head height asymmetry before and after the initial PDN block were compared (Kruskal-Wallis). Determination of the location of the cause of lameness and final diagnoses of cases were compared between Group 1 and Group 2 (chi-squared tests of independence).
    Results: The PDN block increased head height asymmetry at a prevalence of 32.5% (95% CI = 24.5%-41.5%) and 13.8% (95% CI = 7.3%-22.9%), in clinic 1 and 2, respectively. Increasing head height asymmetry after an initial PDN block did not predict localization of the cause of forelimb lameness or specific diagnosis (p = 0.1), other than indicating that it is unlikely to be in the foot (p = 0.02).
    Main limitations: Study samples consisted primarily of Warmbloods (clinic 1) and Quarter Horses (clinic 2). Analysis of blocking induced changes was limited to straight line trot only.
    Conclusions: Increasing head height asymmetry after PDN block is common during forelimb lameness evaluations. Other than indicating that the cause of lameness is more proximal in the blocked forelimb, this does not help determine the final diagnosis.
    MeSH term(s) Horses ; Animals ; Lameness, Animal/diagnosis ; Lameness, Animal/epidemiology ; Clinical Relevance ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Horse Diseases/diagnosis ; Horse Diseases/epidemiology ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Nerve Block/veterinary ; Forelimb ; Gait/physiology ; Hindlimb
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 41606-x
    ISSN 2042-3306 ; 0425-1644
    ISSN (online) 2042-3306
    ISSN 0425-1644
    DOI 10.1111/evj.13921
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: Simultaneous Immunization with Multiple Diverse Immunogens Alters Development of Antigen-Specific Antibody-Mediated Immunity

    Kelsey A. Pilewski / Kevin J. Kramer / Ivelin S. Georgiev

    Vaccines, Vol 9, Iss 964, p

    2021  Volume 964

    Abstract: Vaccination remains one of the most successful medical interventions in history, significantly decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with, or even eradicating, numerous infectious diseases. Although traditional immunization strategies have ... ...

    Abstract Vaccination remains one of the most successful medical interventions in history, significantly decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with, or even eradicating, numerous infectious diseases. Although traditional immunization strategies have recently proven insufficient in the face of many highly mutable and emerging pathogens, modern strategies aim to rationally engineer a single antigen or cocktail of antigens to generate a focused, protective immune response. However, the effect of cocktail vaccination (simultaneous immunization with multiple immunogens) on the antibody response to each individual antigen within the combination, remains largely unstudied. To investigate whether immunization with a cocktail of diverse antigens would result in decreased antibody titer against each unique antigen in the cocktail compared to immunization with each antigen alone, we immunized mice with surface proteins from uropathogenic Escherichia coli , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , and Neisseria meningitides , and monitored the development of antigen-specific IgG antibody responses. We found that antigen-specific endpoint antibody titers were comparable across immunization groups by study conclusion (day 70). Further, we discovered that although cocktail-immunized mice initially elicited more robust antibody responses, the rate of titer development decreases significantly over time compared to single antigen-immunized mice. Investigating the basic properties that govern the development of antigen-specific antibody responses will help inform the design of future combination immunization regimens.
    Keywords immunization ; antibodies ; subunit vaccines ; humoral immunity ; bacterial pathogens ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: Underrepresented and Underserved Populations in Neurological Research.

    Windon, Charles C / Jackson, Ashley J / Aguirre, Gloria A / Tucker, Miwa / Amuiri, Alinda / Hill-Jarrett, Tanisha / Chen, Miranda / Pina Escuedro, Stefanie D / Lieu, Kevin / Lopez, Lucia / Mei, Diana / Tee, Boon Lead / Watson, Caitlin W / Agwu, Chidera / Kramer, Joel / Lanata, Serggio

    Seminars in neurology

    2024  Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) 168–177

    Abstract: Underserved and underrepresented populations have historically been excluded from neurological research. This lack of representation has implications for translation of research findings into clinical practice given the impact of social determinants of ... ...

    Abstract Underserved and underrepresented populations have historically been excluded from neurological research. This lack of representation has implications for translation of research findings into clinical practice given the impact of social determinants of health on neurological disease risk, progression, and outcomes. Lack of inclusion in research is driven by individual-, investigator-, and study-level barriers as well as larger systemic injustices (e.g., structural racism, discriminatory practices). Although strategies to increase inclusion of underserved and underrepresented populations have been put forth, numerous questions remain about the most effective methodology. In this article, we highlight inclusivity patterns and gaps among the most common neurological conditions and propose best practices informed by our own experiences in engagement of local community organizations and collaboration efforts to increase underserved and underrepresented population participation in neurological research.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Vulnerable Populations ; Medically Underserved Area
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603165-1
    ISSN 1098-9021 ; 0271-8235
    ISSN (online) 1098-9021
    ISSN 0271-8235
    DOI 10.1055/s-0044-1782516
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Using bioacoustics to enhance the efficiency of spotted owl surveys and facilitate forest restoration

    Kramer, H. Anu / Kelly, Kevin G. / Whitmore, Sheila A. / Berigan, William J. / Reid, Dana S. / Wood, Connor M. / Klinck, Holger / Kahl, Stefan / Manley, Patricia N. / Sawyer, Sarah C. / Peery, M. Zachariah

    The Journal of Wildlife Management. 2024 Feb., v. 88, no. 2 p.e22533-

    2024  

    Abstract: The California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) is an older‐forest associated species that resides at the center of forest management planning in the Sierra Nevada and Southern California, USA, which are experiencing increasingly large and ... ...

    Abstract The California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) is an older‐forest associated species that resides at the center of forest management planning in the Sierra Nevada and Southern California, USA, which are experiencing increasingly large and severe wildfires and drought‐related tree mortality. We leveraged advances in passive acoustic survey technologies to develop an acoustically assisted survey design that could increase the efficiency and effectiveness of project‐level surveys for spotted owls, allowing surveys to be completed in a single year instead of in multiple years. We deployed an array of autonomous recording units (ARUs) across a landscape and identified spotted owl vocalizations in the resulting audio using BirdNET. We then evaluated spatio‐temporal patterns in spotted owl vocalizations near occupied territories and the ability of a crew naïve to the location of occupied territories to locate spotted owls based on patterns of acoustic detections. After only 3 weeks of acoustic surveys, ≥1 ARU within 750 m of all 17 occupied territories obtained spotted owl detections across ≥2 nights. When active surveys using broadcast calling were conducted near ARUs with spotted owl detections by surveyors naïve to territory occupancy status and locations, surveyors located owls in 93% to 100% of occupied territories with ≤3 surveys. To further improve the efficiency of spotted owl surveys, we developed a statistical model to identify and prioritize areas across the Sierra Nevada for different survey methods (active only, acoustically assisted, no surveys) based on the expected probability of occupancy predicted from remotely sensed measurements of tree height and historical occupancy. Depending on managers' tolerance for false negatives, this model could help identify large areas that might not benefit from surveys based on low expected occupancy probabilities and areas where acoustically assisted surveys might enhance survey effectiveness and efficiency. Collectively, these findings can help managers streamline the survey process and thus increase the pace of forest restoration while minimizing potential near‐term adverse effects on California spotted owls.
    Keywords Strix occidentalis ; bioacoustics ; forest management ; forest restoration ; landscapes ; mountains ; probability ; remote sensing ; statistical models ; surveys ; territoriality ; tree height ; tree mortality ; California
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2024-02
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 410712-3
    ISSN 0022-541X
    ISSN 0022-541X
    DOI 10.1002/jwmg.22533
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: Correction: Triggering anti-GBM immune response with EGFR-mediated photoimmunotherapy.

    Mączyńska, Justyna / Raes, Florian / Da Pieve, Chiara / Turnock, Stephen / Boult, Jessica K R / Hoebart, Julia / Niedbala, Marcin / Robinson, Simon P / Harrington, Kevin J / Kaspera, Wojciech / Kramer-Marek, Gabriela

    BMC medicine

    2022  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 179

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2131669-7
    ISSN 1741-7015 ; 1741-7015
    ISSN (online) 1741-7015
    ISSN 1741-7015
    DOI 10.1186/s12916-022-02388-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: Prevalence and clinical significance of increasing head height asymmetry as a measure of forelimb lameness in horses when trotting in a straight line after palmar digital nerve block

    Kolding, Susanne A. / Sørensen, Johnny N. / Kramer, Joanne / McCracken, Megan J. / Reed, Shannon K. / Keegan, Kevin G.

    Equine Veterinary Journal. 2023 Nov., v. 55, no. 6 p.988-994

    2023  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Some horses increase in forelimb lameness, measured as vertical head height asymmetry, or differences in maximums and minimums of head heights (HDmax, HDmin), after a palmar digital nerve (PDN) block. The prevalence of this finding, or what ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Some horses increase in forelimb lameness, measured as vertical head height asymmetry, or differences in maximums and minimums of head heights (HDmax, HDmin), after a palmar digital nerve (PDN) block. The prevalence of this finding, or what it means clinically, has not been reported in peer‐reviewed literature. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of increasing head height asymmetry after a PDN block and determine if this is associated with cause of forelimb lameness. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Head height asymmetry, normalised to expected vertical head displacement, from inertial‐sensor data collections of all horses evaluated for forelimb lameness while trotting in a straight line at two different clinics were screened for cases that had an initial PDN block and then another more proximal block in the same limb during the same lameness evaluation. Medical records of the screened cases (n = 213) were evaluated to determine the cause of lameness. Prevalence of increasing head height asymmetry was calculated. Differences in lameness amplitude between groups of cases that remained unchanged (Group 1), that increased (Group 2), and that decreased (Group 3) in head height asymmetry before and after the initial PDN block were compared (Kruskal‐Wallis). Determination of the location of the cause of lameness and final diagnoses of cases were compared between Group 1 and Group 2 (chi‐squared tests of independence). RESULTS: The PDN block increased head height asymmetry at a prevalence of 32.5% (95% CI = 24.5%–41.5%) and 13.8% (95% CI = 7.3%–22.9%), in clinic 1 and 2, respectively. Increasing head height asymmetry after an initial PDN block did not predict localization of the cause of forelimb lameness or specific diagnosis (p = 0.1), other than indicating that it is unlikely to be in the foot (p = 0.02). MAIN LIMITATIONS: Study samples consisted primarily of Warmbloods (clinic 1) and Quarter Horses (clinic 2). Analysis of blocking induced changes was limited to straight line trot only. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing head height asymmetry after PDN block is common during forelimb lameness evaluations. Other than indicating that the cause of lameness is more proximal in the blocked forelimb, this does not help determine the final diagnosis.
    Keywords asymmetry ; head ; horses ; lameness ; nerve tissue
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-11
    Size p. 988-994.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 41606-x
    ISSN 0425-1644
    ISSN 0425-1644
    DOI 10.1111/evj.13921
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: Anti-CD20 therapy corrects a CD8 regulatory T cell deficit in multiple sclerosis.

    Howlett-Prieto, Quentin / Feng, Xuan / Kramer, John F / Kramer, Kevin J / Houston, Timothy W / Reder, Anthony T

    Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 14, Page(s) 2170–2179

    Abstract: Objective: To determine the effect of long-term anti-CD20 B-cell-depleting treatment on regulatory T cell immune subsets that are subnormal in untreated MS patients.: Methods: 30 clinically stable MS patients, before and over 38 months of ocrelizumab ...

    Abstract Objective: To determine the effect of long-term anti-CD20 B-cell-depleting treatment on regulatory T cell immune subsets that are subnormal in untreated MS patients.
    Methods: 30 clinically stable MS patients, before and over 38 months of ocrelizumab treatment, were compared to 13 healthy controls, 29 therapy-naïve MS, 9 interferon-β-treated MS, 3 rituximab-treated MS, and 3 rituximab-treated patients with other autoimmune inflammatory diseases. CD8, CD28, CD4, and FOXP3 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was quantitated with flow cytometry.
    Results: CD8
    Interpretation: Long-term treatment with ocrelizumab markedly enriches CD8
    MeSH term(s) CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1290669-4
    ISSN 1477-0970 ; 1352-4585
    ISSN (online) 1477-0970
    ISSN 1352-4585
    DOI 10.1177/13524585211003301
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top