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  1. Article: Nove moznosti pri zdravljenju kirurskih infekcij (nase izkusnje s pefloksacionom).

    Rakovec, S / Stanisavljević, D

    Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica

    1989  Volume 36 Suppl 2, Page(s) 748–750

    Title translation New possibilities in the care of surgical infections (personal experience with pefloxacin).
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pefloxacin/therapeutic use ; Postoperative Complications/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Pefloxacin (2H52Z9F2Q5)
    Language Slovenian
    Publishing date 1989
    Publishing country Serbia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 428721-6
    ISSN 0354-950X ; 0001-5474
    ISSN 0354-950X ; 0001-5474
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Article ; Online: Event peak flow dataset for spatial counterfactual events, Germany

    Nguyen, D. / Merz, B. / Guse, B. / Han, L. / Guan, X. / Rakovec, O. / Samaniego, L. / Ahrens, B. / Vorogushyn, S.

    2024  

    Abstract: This dataset comprises event peak flows, representing extreme floods at 516 stations in Germany. The data generation process involves several key steps. Initially, observed rainfall events associated with 10 historical flood disasters from 1950 to 2021 ... ...

    Abstract This dataset comprises event peak flows, representing extreme floods at 516 stations in Germany. The data generation process involves several key steps. Initially, observed rainfall events associated with 10 historical flood disasters from 1950 to 2021 are undergone spatial shifts. These shifts involve three distances (20, 50, and 100 km) and eight directions (North, Northeast, East, Southeast, South, Southwest, West, Northwest), resulting in 24 counterfactual precipitation events. Including the factual (no shift) event, a total of 25 distinct shifting events are considered. Subsequently, these shifted fields are used as atmospheric forcing for a mesoscale hydrological model (mHM) set up and calibrated for the entire Germany. The model produces daily stream flows across its domain, from which the event peak flows are derived. This dataset is expected to provide a valuable resource for analyzing and modeling the dynamics extreme flood events in Germany.
    Publisher GFZ Data Services
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Spatial counterfactuals to explore disastrous flooding

    Merz, B. / Nguyen, D. / Guse, B. / Han, L. / Guan, X. / Rakovec, O. / Samaniego, L. / Ahrens, B. / Vorogushyn, S.

    Environmental Research Letters

    2024  

    Abstract: Flood-prone people and decision-makers are often unwilling to discuss and prepare for exceptional events, as such events are hard to perceive and out of experience for most people. Once an exceptional flood occurs, affected people and decision-makers are ...

    Abstract Flood-prone people and decision-makers are often unwilling to discuss and prepare for exceptional events, as such events are hard to perceive and out of experience for most people. Once an exceptional flood occurs, affected people and decision-makers are able to learn from this event. However, this learning is often focussed narrowly on the specific disaster experienced, thus missing an opportunity to explore and prepare for even more severe, or different, events. We propose spatial counterfactual floods as a means to motivate society to discuss exceptional events and suitable risk management strategies. We generate a set of extreme floods across Germany by shifting observed rainfall events in space and then propagating these shifted fields through a flood model. We argue that the storm tracks that caused past floods could have developed several tens of km away from the actual tracks. The set of spatial counterfactual floods generated contains events which are more than twice as severe as the most disastrous flood since 1950 in Germany. Moreover, regions that have been spared from havoc in the past should not feel safe, as they could have been badly hit as well. We propose spatial counterfactuals as a suitable approach to overcome society's unwillingness to think about and prepare for exceptional floods expected to occur more frequently in a warmer world.
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Conference proceedings ; Online: Synthetic model simulations to understand large regional floods

    Guse, B. / Han, L. / Nguyen, D. / Rakovec, O. / Samaniego, L. / Merz, B. / Vorogushyn, S.

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)

    2023  

    Abstract: Extreme floods are evoked by a variety of factors, including high precipitation volume and/or intensities and specific pre-event conditions in the catchments. Due to that, each extreme regional flood is characterized by event-specific spatio-temporal ... ...

    Abstract Extreme floods are evoked by a variety of factors, including high precipitation volume and/or intensities and specific pre-event conditions in the catchments. Due to that, each extreme regional flood is characterized by event-specific spatio-temporal variability in flood-inducing characteristics. Thus, the flood conditions vary along the course of large rivers and could be higher/lower, in particular after large confluences.In this study, we analyse event characteristics of extreme floods along the Danube river basin. In order to extend the limited number of extreme flood events in historical data, we apply the mesoscale Hydrological Model mHM for the region. mHM is calibrated and validated to a large set of about a hundred gauges in Germany with a focus on peak flow. The model is fed by the stochastic regional weather generator RWG which allows the generation of long synthetic weather data. Through simulations of these two combined models, a set of 60,000 years of synthetic stream flow data series is derived at several gauges. In the next step, a large number of extreme flood events with different characteristics are derived. This event-rich dataset is then used for the analysis to enhance the understanding of large regional floods and to trace the flood characteristics back to the meteorological and catchment event conditions in the catchment.
    Subject code 550 ; 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-11
    Publishing country de
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Long-term daily hydrometeorological drought indices, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration for ICOS sites.

    Pohl, Felix / Rakovec, Oldrich / Rebmann, Corinna / Hildebrandt, Anke / Boeing, Friedrich / Hermanns, Floris / Attinger, Sabine / Samaniego, Luis / Kumar, Rohini

    Scientific data

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 281

    Abstract: Eddy covariance sites are ideally suited for the study of extreme events on ecosystems as they allow the exchange of trace gases and energy fluxes between ecosystems and the lower atmosphere to be directly measured on a continuous basis. However, ... ...

    Abstract Eddy covariance sites are ideally suited for the study of extreme events on ecosystems as they allow the exchange of trace gases and energy fluxes between ecosystems and the lower atmosphere to be directly measured on a continuous basis. However, standardized definitions of hydroclimatic extremes are needed to render studies of extreme events comparable across sites. This requires longer datasets than are available from on-site measurements in order to capture the full range of climatic variability. We present a dataset of drought indices based on precipitation (Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI), atmospheric water balance (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI), and soil moisture (Standardized Soil Moisture Index, SSMI) for 101 ecosystem sites from the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) with daily temporal resolution from 1950 to 2021. Additionally, we provide simulated soil moisture and evapotranspiration for each site from the Mesoscale Hydrological Model (mHM). These could be utilised for gap-filling or long-term research, among other applications. We validate our data set with measurements from ICOS and discuss potential research avenues.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Dataset ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775191-0
    ISSN 2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
    ISSN (online) 2052-4463
    ISSN 2052-4463
    DOI 10.1038/s41597-023-02192-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Tradeoffs Between Temporal and Spatial Pattern Calibration and Their Impacts on Robustness and Transferability of Hydrologic Model Parameters to Ungauged Basins

    Demirel, M. C. / Koch, J. / Rakovec, O. / Kumar, R. / Mai, J. / Müller, S. / Thober, S. / Samaniego, L. / Stisen, S.

    Water Resources Research. 2024 Jan., v. 60, no. 1 p.e2022WR034193-

    2024  

    Abstract: Optimization of spatially consistent parameter fields is believed to increase the robustness of parameter estimation and its transferability to ungauged basins. The current paper extends previous multi‐objective and transferability studies by exploring ... ...

    Abstract Optimization of spatially consistent parameter fields is believed to increase the robustness of parameter estimation and its transferability to ungauged basins. The current paper extends previous multi‐objective and transferability studies by exploring the value of both multi‐basin and spatial pattern calibration of distributed hydrologic models as compared to single‐basin and single‐objective model calibrations, with respect to tradeoffs, performance and transferability. The mesoscale Hydrological Model (mHM) is used across six large central European basins. Model simulations are evaluated against streamflow observations at the basin outlets and remotely sensed evapotranspiration patterns. Several model validation experiments are performed through combinations of single‐ (temporal evaluation through discharge) and multi‐objective (temporal and spatial evaluation through discharge and spatial evapotranspiration patterns) calibrations with holdout experiments saving alternating basins for model evaluation. The study shows that there are very minimal tradeoffs between spatial and temporal performance objectives and that a joint calibration of multiple basins using multiple objective functions provides the most robust estimations of parameter fields that perform better when transferred to ungauged basins. The study indicates that particularly the multi‐basin calibration approach is key for robust parametrizations, and that the addition of an objective function tailored for matching spatial patterns of ET fields alters the spatial parameter fields while significantly improving the spatial pattern performance without any tradeoffs with discharge performance. In light of model equifinality, the minimal tradeoff between spatial and temporal performance shows that adding spatial pattern evaluation to the traditional temporal evaluation of hydrological models can assist in identifying optimal parameter sets.
    Keywords basins ; evapotranspiration ; hydrologic models ; model validation ; remote sensing ; research ; stream flow ; water
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2024-01
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 5564-5
    ISSN 1944-7973 ; 0043-1397
    ISSN (online) 1944-7973
    ISSN 0043-1397
    DOI 10.1029/2022WR034193
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Conference proceedings ; Online: Hourly hydrological simulation of extreme events for 2021-flood affected catchments in Western Germany

    Han, L. / Guse, B. / Nguyen, D. / Rakovec, O. / Guan, X. / Vorogushyn, S. / Samaniego, L. / Merz, B.

    XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)

    2023  

    Abstract: The July 2021 devastating floods in Central Europe, particularly in the river catchments in Western Germany, have resulted in a large number of death toll and vast economic damage. The BMBF-funded joint project KAHR (https://hochwasser-kahr.de) deals ... ...

    Abstract The July 2021 devastating floods in Central Europe, particularly in the river catchments in Western Germany, have resulted in a large number of death toll and vast economic damage. The BMBF-funded joint project KAHR (https://hochwasser-kahr.de) deals with the effects of this flood and develops scientific knowledge to assist the reconstruction process in flood-prone area in Western Germany, with a focus on the fast-reacting catchments of Ahr, Erft, and Rur. Therefore, small-scale flood modeling with high spatial and temporal resolution is employed to understand past floods and to develop future flood management strategies in these regions. Here, we apply the mesoscale hydrological model mHM at hourly timesteps and around 1 km spatial resolution for the three flood-prone catchments. We are able to accurately capture the dynamics of the extreme flood events for the recent period including the flood in 2021. To assess the present and future flood risk, a regional weather generator and a disaggregation procedure are applied to generate 10,000 years of synthetic hourly meteorological data. These data are used to force the mHM model to simulate the long time series of river discharge. Major flood events are extracted from this synthetic dataset to investigate the spatial-temporal characteristics of extreme flood events and associated flood risks under future climate conditions.
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing country de
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Water cycle changes in Czechia

    M. R. Vargas Godoy / Y. Markonis / O. Rakovec / M. Jenicek / R. Dutta / R. K. Pradhan / Z. Bešťáková / J. Kyselý / R. Juras / S. M. Papalexiou / M. Hanel

    Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol 28, Pp 1-

    a multi-source water budget perspective

    2024  Volume 19

    Abstract: The water cycle in Czechia has been observed to be changing in recent years, with precipitation and evapotranspiration rates exhibiting a trend of acceleration. However, the spatial patterns of such changes remain poorly understood due to the ... ...

    Abstract The water cycle in Czechia has been observed to be changing in recent years, with precipitation and evapotranspiration rates exhibiting a trend of acceleration. However, the spatial patterns of such changes remain poorly understood due to the heterogeneous network of ground observations. This study relied on multiple state-of-the-art reanalyses and hydrological modeling. Herein, we propose a novel method for benchmarking hydroclimatic data fusion based on water cycle budget closure. We ranked water cycle budget closure of 96 different combinations for precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff using CRU TS v4.06, E-OBS, ERA5-Land, mHM, NCEP/NCAR R1, PREC/L, and TerraClimate. Then, we used the best-ranked data to describe changes in the water cycle in Czechia over the last 60 years. We determined that Czechia is undergoing water cycle acceleration, evinced by increased atmospheric water fluxes. However, the increase in annual total precipitation is not as pronounced nor as consistent as evapotranspiration, resulting in an overall decrease in the runoff. Furthermore, non-parametric bootstrapping revealed that only evapotranspiration changes are statistically significant at the annual scale. At higher frequencies, we identified significant spatial heterogeneity when assessing the water cycle budget at a seasonal scale. Interestingly, the most significant temporal changes in Czechia occur during spring, while the spatial pattern of the change in median values stems from summer changes in the water cycle, which are the seasons within the months with statistically significant changes.
    Keywords Technology ; T ; Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ; TD1-1066 ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Copernicus Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Use of tubular retractors to access deep brain lesions: A case series.

    Rakovec, Maureen / Camp, Samantha / Day, David / Chakravarti, Sachiv / Parker, Megan / Porras, Jose L / Jackson, Christopher M / Huang, Judy / Bettegowda, Chetan / Lim, Michael / Mukherjee, Debraj

    Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia

    2023  Volume 114, Page(s) 64–69

    Abstract: Background: Deep-seated intracranial lesions can be accessed using blade retractors that may disrupt white matter tracts, exert pressure on adjacent tissue, and lead to post-operative venous injury. Tubular retractors may minimize disruption to white ... ...

    Abstract Background: Deep-seated intracranial lesions can be accessed using blade retractors that may disrupt white matter tracts, exert pressure on adjacent tissue, and lead to post-operative venous injury. Tubular retractors may minimize disruption to white matter tracts by radially dispersing pressure onto surrounding tissue. This study characterizes perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing biopsy or resection of intracranial pathologies using tubular retractors.
    Methods: Adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing neurosurgical intervention using tubular retractors at a single health system (January 2016-February 2022) were identified through chart review. Demographics, disease characteristics, management data, and clinical outcomes were collected.
    Results: A total of 49 patients were included; 23 (47%) had primary brain tumors, 8 (16%) metastases, 6 (12%) intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), 5 (10%) cavernomas, and 7 (14%) other pathologies. Lesions were located subcortically (n = 19, 39%), intraventricularly (n = 15, 31%), and in deep gray matter (n = 11, 22%). Gross total resection (GTR) or near GTR was achieved in 21 of 26 (80.8%) patients with intracranial lesions where GTR was the goal of surgery; 10 of 11 (90.9%) biopsies in patients with masses were diagnostic. Five of six (83.3%) ICHs were totally or near totally evacuated. Seventeen patients (35%) had major complications post-operatively. The most common complications were DVT/PE (n = 7, 14%) and seizures (n = 6, 12%). For patients who experienced post-operative seizures, 3 had seizures preoperatively and 1 had seizures in the context of electrolyte derangements. No patients died of post-operative complications.
    Conclusion: This operative approach may facilitate safe and efficacious biopsy or resection of deep-seated intracranial pathologies.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Neoplasms/surgery ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Microsurgery ; Seizures/surgery ; Brain/surgery ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-13
    Publishing country Scotland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1193674-5
    ISSN 1532-2653 ; 0967-5868
    ISSN (online) 1532-2653
    ISSN 0967-5868
    DOI 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.06.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Shifts in flood generation processes exacerbate regional flood anomalies in Europe.

    Tarasova, Larisa / Lun, David / Merz, Ralf / Blöschl, Günter / Basso, Stefano / Bertola, Miriam / Miniussi, Arianna / Rakovec, Oldrich / Samaniego, Luis / Thober, Stephan / Kumar, Rohini

    Communications earth & environment

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) 49

    Abstract: Anomalies in the frequency of river floods, i.e., flood-rich or -poor periods, cause biases in flood risk estimates and thus make climate adaptation measures less efficient. While observations have recently confirmed the presence of flood anomalies in ... ...

    Abstract Anomalies in the frequency of river floods, i.e., flood-rich or -poor periods, cause biases in flood risk estimates and thus make climate adaptation measures less efficient. While observations have recently confirmed the presence of flood anomalies in Europe, their exact causes are not clear. Here we analyse streamflow and climate observations during 1960-2010 to show that shifts in flood generation processes contribute more to the occurrence of regional flood anomalies than changes in extreme rainfall. A shift from rain on dry soil to rain on wet soil events by 5% increased the frequency of flood-rich periods in the Atlantic region, and an opposite shift in the Mediterranean region increased the frequency of flood-poor periods, but will likely make singular extreme floods occur more often. Flood anomalies driven by changing flood generation processes in Europe may further intensify in a warming climate and should be considered in flood estimation and management.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2662-4435
    ISSN (online) 2662-4435
    DOI 10.1038/s43247-023-00714-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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