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  1. Article ; Online: Social Media: A Pandemic of Misinformation.

    Moran, Patrick

    The American journal of medicine

    2020  Volume 133, Issue 11, Page(s) 1247–1248

    MeSH term(s) Basic Reproduction Number ; COVID-19 ; Communication ; Humans ; Social Media
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80015-6
    ISSN 1555-7162 ; 1873-2178 ; 0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
    ISSN (online) 1555-7162 ; 1873-2178
    ISSN 0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
    DOI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.05.021
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  3. Article ; Online: Too hot to handle? An urgent need to understand climate change impacts on the biogeochemistry of tropical coastal waters.

    Carreira, Cátia / Joyce, Patrick W S / Morán, Xosé Anxelu G / Carvalho, Susana / Falkenberg, Laura / Lønborg, Christian

    Global change biology

    2024  Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) e17074

    Abstract: Tropical regions contain ecologically and socio-economically important habitats, and are home to about 3.8 billion people, many of which directly depend on tropical coastal waters for their well-being. At the basis of these ecosystems are biogeochemical ... ...

    Abstract Tropical regions contain ecologically and socio-economically important habitats, and are home to about 3.8 billion people, many of which directly depend on tropical coastal waters for their well-being. At the basis of these ecosystems are biogeochemical processes. Climate change is expected to have a greater impact in the tropics compared to temperate regions because of the relatively stable environmental conditions found there. However, it was surprising to find only 660 research articles published focusing on the impact of climate change on the biogeochemistry of coastal tropical waters compared to 4823 for temperate waters. In this perspective, we highlight important topics in need of further research. Specifically, we suggest that in tropical regions compared to temperate counterparts climate change stressors will be experienced differently, that organisms have a lower acclimation capacity, and that long-term baseline biogeochemical datasets useful for quantifying future changes are lacking. The low number of research papers on the impacts of climate change in coastal tropical regions is likely due to a mix of reasons including limited resources for research and limited number of long time series in many developing tropical countries. Finally, we propose some action points that we hope will stimulate more studies in tropical coastal waters.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Ecosystem ; Climate Change ; Acclimatization ; Tropical Climate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1281439-8
    ISSN 1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
    ISSN (online) 1365-2486
    ISSN 1354-1013
    DOI 10.1111/gcb.17074
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  4. Article ; Online: Estimating the disability adjusted life years associated with COVID-19 in Iran for the first 2 years of the pandemic.

    -Bokaie, Saied / Daneshi, Salman / Bahonar, Alireza / Haghdoost, AliAkbar / Barfar, Eshagh / Patrick Moran, Declan

    Frontiers in public health

    2024  Volume 11, Page(s) 1303549

    Abstract: Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), on 11 March 2020. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) combine the ... ...

    Abstract Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), on 11 March 2020. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) combine the impact of morbidity and mortality, allowing for comprehensive comparisons of the population. The purpose of this study was to estimate DALYs due to COVID-19 in Iran for the first 2 years of the pandemic.
    Methods: DALYs were estimated as the sum of Years of Life Lost (YLLs) and Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) associated with COVID-19 in Iran from 19 February 2020 to 20 March 2022. The life expectancy for COVID-19 YLL estimations was based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study.
    Results: There were 15,639,243 outpatients and 1,170,602 hospitalized confirmed cases, of which 120,965 deaths were as a direct result of COVID-19. DALYs were estimated to be 2,376,552. Overall, YLL contributed to 99.34% of the DALYs, while the remaining 0.66% was attributed to YLD.
    Conclusion: COVID-19 had a significant impact on population health in Iran during the first 2 years of the pandemic; this study provides a comprehensive depiction of COVID-19's burden and is helpful for comparing its impact with other diseases in the population and across populations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Disability-Adjusted Life Years ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Iran/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1303549
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  5. Article ; Online: Assessing watercourse quality using results-based indicators in an agri-environment scheme.

    Overy, Poppy / Moran, James / Crushell, Patrick / Lally, Heather / Byrne, Dolores

    Journal of environmental management

    2024  Volume 357, Page(s) 120716

    Abstract: Small watercourses are essential contributors to catchment water quality, but they continue to suffer degradation across Europe. A results-based agri-environment scheme, aimed at improving watercourse quality in Ireland, developed a rapid drainage ... ...

    Abstract Small watercourses are essential contributors to catchment water quality, but they continue to suffer degradation across Europe. A results-based agri-environment scheme, aimed at improving watercourse quality in Ireland, developed a rapid drainage assessment to identify point source risks. The assessment uses a scoring system based on visual indicators of nutrient and sediment risk, linking the outcomes to farmer payments. To understand how this novel drainage risk assessment relates to instream watercourse quality, we used three macroinvertebrate-based biotic indices (Q-value, Small Stream Impact Score and Proportion of Sediment Sensitive Invertebrates). Macroinvertebrate kick-sampling and physiochemical analysis were completed in May and July 2021 for 12 'At Risk' and 12 'Not at Risk' small watercourses as identified by the results-based scheme. Results show that the scheme's drainage risk assessment can identify point source risks but we found it does not directly reflect local instream quality as assessed by the biotic indices. Unexpectedly, the biotic indices showed watercourse degradation in 58% of the upstream (control) sampling points, indicating impacts not captured by the drainage risk assessment. Small watercourses displayed high heterogeneity, with significant species turnover between the sampling months. The Small Stream Impact Score was less influenced by temporal change than the Q-value index. There was a significant relationship between instream watercourse quality and sedimentation, as quantified by the Proportion of Sediment Sensitive Invertebrates. Including a measurement of instream sedimentation in the drainage assessments would improve the identification of risks and management. These results show that by linking farmer payments to the drainage risk assessments results-based payment schemes could positively contribute to improving catchment scale watercourse quality, but further work is required to capture wider sources of freshwater impacts.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Invertebrates ; Water Quality ; Rivers ; Europe
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184882-3
    ISSN 1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
    ISSN (online) 1095-8630
    ISSN 0301-4797
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120716
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    Z 7556: Show issues

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  6. Article ; Online: Is mammography screening an effective public health intervention? Evidence from a natural experiment.

    Moran, Patrick / Cullinan, John

    Social science & medicine (1982)

    2022  Volume 305, Page(s) 115073

    Abstract: Population-based breast screening programmes aim to improve clinical outcomes, alleviate health inequalities, and reduce healthcare costs. However, while screening can bring about immediate changes in mode of presentation and stage at diagnosis of breast ...

    Abstract Population-based breast screening programmes aim to improve clinical outcomes, alleviate health inequalities, and reduce healthcare costs. However, while screening can bring about immediate changes in mode of presentation and stage at diagnosis of breast cancer cases, the benefits and harms of these programmes can only be observed at a population level, and only over a long enough timeframe for the cascade of events triggered by screening to culminate in disease-specific mortality reductions. In this paper we exploit a natural experiment resulting from the phased geographic rollout of a national mammography screening programme to examine the impact of screening on breast cancer outcomes from both a patient cohort and a population perspective. Using data on 33,722 breast cancer cases over the period 1994-2011, we employ a difference-in-differences research design using ten-year follow-up data for cases diagnosed before and after the introduction of the programme in screened and unscreened regions. We conclude that although the programme produced the intended intermediate effects on breast cancer presentation and incidence, these failed to translate into significant decreases in overall population-level mortality, though screening may have helped to reduce socioeconomic disparities in late stage breast cancer incidence.
    MeSH term(s) Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Mass Screening ; Public Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 4766-1
    ISSN 1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    ISSN (online) 1873-5347
    ISSN 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115073
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    Zs.A 625: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: S. aureus

    Moran, Mary C / Brewer, Matthew G / Schlievert, Patrick M / Beck, Lisa A

    Microbiology spectrum

    2023  , Page(s) e0168423

    Abstract: Individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) are highly colonized ... ...

    Abstract Individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) are highly colonized by
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.01684-23
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  8. Article ; Online: Mise en scène du choix et narrativité expérientielle dans les jeux vidéo et les livres dont vous êtes le héros

    Patrick Moran

    Sciences du Jeu, Vol

    2018  Volume 9

    Abstract: In the family tree of video games, gamebooks are often overlooked. Yet these arborescent narratives have much in common with certain types of video games that emphasize the significant choices made by the player and the impact they have on the storyline ... ...

    Abstract In the family tree of video games, gamebooks are often overlooked. Yet these arborescent narratives have much in common with certain types of video games that emphasize the significant choices made by the player and the impact they have on the storyline and the fictional universe. The concept of experientiality, as developed by cognitive narratology, may help to clarify the mechanisms shared by these two formats : if narratives are built around a subjective experience unfolding through time, then the natural tendency of disjunctive narratives will be to build themselves around the notion of free will. In this regard, the staging of choice and of its impact is more important than the actual degree of leeway left to the player : the experiential aspects are paramount in this narrativity of choice.
    Keywords choice ; cognitive narratology ; experientiality ; gamebooks ; possible worlds ; qualia ; Recreation. Leisure ; GV1-1860
    Language French
    Publishing date 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Laboratoire Experice
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Engineered gut symbiont inhibits microsporidian parasite and improves honey bee survival.

    Huang, Qiang / Lariviere, Patrick J / Powell, J Elijah / Moran, Nancy A

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2023  Volume 120, Issue 25, Page(s) e2220922120

    Abstract: Honey bees ( ...

    Abstract Honey bees (
    MeSH term(s) Bees ; Animals ; Parasites ; Honey ; Agriculture ; Genes, Essential ; RNA, Double-Stranded ; Urticaria
    Chemical Substances RNA, Double-Stranded
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2220922120
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    Zs.A 1148: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Results-based agri-environmental schemes can reflect habitat integrity for a non-target taxonomic group

    Poppy Overy / James Moran / Patrick Crushell / Dolores Byrne

    Ecological Indicators, Vol 154, Iss , Pp 110492- (2023)

    Carabidae

    2023  

    Abstract: Results-based agri-environment schemes are emerging as a valuable tool to incentivise optimal management of farmed habitats for biodiversity targets. Results-based payment schemes in Ireland use multicriteria assessments to score habitat integrity for ... ...

    Abstract Results-based agri-environment schemes are emerging as a valuable tool to incentivise optimal management of farmed habitats for biodiversity targets. Results-based payment schemes in Ireland use multicriteria assessments to score habitat integrity for specific targets, linking outcomes to farmer payments. Habitat integrity for a specific target is expected to have indirect co-benefits for wider farmland biodiversity. However, we lack an understanding of how results-based payment scheme assessments relate to other bioindicators of habitat integrity.Our research focuses on a results-based payment scheme which incentivises better terrestrial habitat integrity with the aim of improving watercourse quality. We explore the relationship between non-target carabid beetles, vascular plants and the results-based payment scheme’s multicriteria habitat assessment. It was anticipated that carabid beetle communities would reflect the results-based payment scheme's definition of habitat integrity across the range of scores. Pitfall trapping for carabid beetles and vegetation surveys were carried out in 19 peatland and 18 wet grassland plots, categorised into high, medium, and low habitat integrity using the scores assigned by the results-based payment scheme.We found that the results-based payment scheme’s multicriteria assessment broadly reflects habitat integrity for non-target carabid beetles in peatlands and grasslands. Eurytopic and disturbance tolerant species showed a greater association with low and medium scoring plots. Higher scoring plots supported greater diversity, with intact peatland being particularly important for hygrophilous specialists.Synthesis and application: Results-based payment scheme's multicriteria assessments have co-benefits at plot-level for non-target carabid beetles and incentivising optimal management can have positive conservation outcomes for this group. Inclusion of hydrological result indicators where relevant in results-based payment scheme assessments is recommended to reward wider ...
    Keywords Agri-environmental schemes ; Carabid beetles ; Grassland ; Habitat integrity ; Hydrology ; Peatland ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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