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Article ; Online: Structural Needs, Substance Use, and Mental Health Among Transgender and Nonbinary Young Adults in the San Francisco Bay Area: Findings from the Phoenix Study.

King, Wesley M / Gamarel, Kristi E / Iwamoto, Mariko / Suico, Sabrina / Nemoto, Tooru / Operario, Don

Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

2023 Volume 100, Issue 1, Page(s) 190–203

Abstract: Transgender and nonbinary (trans) young adults report high rates of substance use and adverse mental health outcomes; however, few studies have examined how social, economic, and legal factors may contribute to health inequities in this population. ... ...

Abstract	Transgender and nonbinary (trans) young adults report high rates of substance use and adverse mental health outcomes; however, few studies have examined how social, economic, and legal factors may contribute to health inequities in this population. Guided by the structural vulnerability framework, this study sought to explore structural needs and whether these needs were associated with substance use and mental health outcomes among trans young adults. Between 2019 and 2021, 215 trans young adults aged 18-29 from San Francisco Bay Area were recruited into a longitudinal study. Baseline data were used to examine bivariate and multivariable associations between structural needs and substance use and mental health outcomes. There were bivariate differences in the number of structural needs by education, income source, incarceration history, and ethnicity, and the number of unmet structural needs was associated with education and income source. After adjusting for sociodemographics, the number of structural needs was associated with daily marijuana use (AOR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10-1.49) and suicidal ideation (AOR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.06-1.45), and the number of unmet structural needs was associated with daily marijuana use (AOR 1.30, 95% CI: 1. 10-1.55) and depressive symptoms (β 2.00, 95% CI: 1.00-3.00). Additionally, both numbers of structural needs and unmet structural needs mediated the relationship between income source (traditional employment vs. other income only) and depressive symptoms (TIE β 2.51, 95% CI: 0.99-4.04; β 1.37, 95% CI: 0.23-2.52, respectively). Findings highlight a need for multisector efforts to address structural vulnerabilities among trans young adults.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Young Adult ; Transgender Persons/psychology ; Mental Health ; San Francisco/epidemiology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1435288-6
ISSN	1468-2869 ; 1099-3460
ISSN (online)	1468-2869
ISSN	1099-3460
DOI	10.1007/s11524-022-00700-z
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Article ; Online: On Being Transnational and Transgender: Human Rights and Public Health Considerations.

Operario, Don / Nemoto, Tooru

American journal of public health

2018 Volume 107, Issue 10, Page(s) 1537–1538

MeSH term(s)	Human Rights ; Humans ; Mexico ; Public Health ; Refugees ; Transgender Persons
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
ZDB-ID	121100-6
ISSN	1541-0048 ; 0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
ISSN (online)	1541-0048
ISSN	0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
DOI	10.2105/AJPH.2017.304030
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Article ; Online: HIV Risk Behaviors and Psychological Well-Being Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Nemoto, Tooru / Xie, Hui / Iwamoto, Mariko / Piroth, Kirsten / Hazratzai, Mohammad / Teh, Yik Koon

AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education

2022 Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 427–439

Abstract: HIV risk behaviors and psychological well-being among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ( ...

Abstract	HIV risk behaviors and psychological well-being among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (
MeSH term(s)	HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Homosexuality, Male/psychology ; Humans ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Male ; Risk-Taking ; Sexual and Gender Minorities
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1075448-9
ISSN	1943-2755 ; 0899-9546
ISSN (online)	1943-2755
ISSN	0899-9546
DOI	10.1521/aeap.2022.34.5.427
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Article ; Online: HIV Risk Behaviors in Relation to Psychosocial Factors and Internet Usage Among Asian and Pacific Islander (API) Men Who Had Sex With Men (MSM) in California.

Nemoto, Tooru / Xie, Hui / Iwamoto, Mariko / Sakata, Maria

AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education

2020 Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 117–136

Abstract: Very few studies have been conducted to investigate HIV risk and protective behaviors in relation to psychosocial factors among Asian and Pacific Islander (API) MSM whose HIV/AIDS prevalence is lower than those of other racial/ethnic groups. This study, ... ...

Abstract	Very few studies have been conducted to investigate HIV risk and protective behaviors in relation to psychosocial factors among Asian and Pacific Islander (API) MSM whose HIV/AIDS prevalence is lower than those of other racial/ethnic groups. This study, based on an online survey targeting API MSM in California revealed that API MSM often met sex partners online and that psychosocial factors (e.g., homophobia and identity with API gay community) were correlated with condomless receptive anal sex (RAS) with casual partners. In particular, an Asian cultural construct, interdependency, was correlated with condom use for RAS; that is, those who consider sex partners' health and value harmony tend to engage in safe sex. This finding sheds light on re-thinking the current over-emphasis on assertiveness and self-responsibility to keep free from HIV/STIs during negotiation with partners. Future STI prevention programs for API MSM should incorporate Asian cultural constructs and target specific risk groups.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Americans/psychology ; Asian Americans/statistics & numerical data ; California/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/psychology ; Homosexuality, Male/ethnology ; Homosexuality, Male/psychology ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oceanic Ancestry Group/psychology ; Oceanic Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Risk-Taking ; Safe Sex/psychology ; Safe Sex/statistics & numerical data ; Sexual Partners ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1075448-9
ISSN	1943-2755 ; 0899-9546
ISSN (online)	1943-2755
ISSN	0899-9546
DOI	10.1521/aeap.2020.32.2.117
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Article ; Online: Sociocultural Contexts of Access to HIV Primary Care and Participant Experience with an Intervention Project: African American Transgender Women Living with HIV in Alameda County, California.

Nemoto, Tooru / Iwamoto, Mariko / Suico, Sabrina / Stanislaus, Victorine / Piroth, Kirsten

AIDS and behavior

2020 Volume 25, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) 84–95

Abstract: The baseline data of the intervention project for African American transgender women living with HIV showed that more than one-third of the participants having ever enrolled in HIV care had not received ART and that among those in ART, more than half ... ...

Abstract	The baseline data of the intervention project for African American transgender women living with HIV showed that more than one-third of the participants having ever enrolled in HIV care had not received ART and that among those in ART, more than half reported their adherence to ART was poor. Those who had engaged in sex work, sold drugs, or experienced higher levels of transphobia were less likely to have enrolled in care. The qualitative interviews with participants who had completed the intervention or dropped out revealed barriers to enroll in care, such as community stigma and transphobia.
MeSH term(s)	African Americans ; California/epidemiology ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Humans ; Primary Health Care ; Transgender Persons
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1339885-4
ISSN	1573-3254 ; 1090-7165
ISSN (online)	1573-3254
ISSN	1090-7165
DOI	10.1007/s10461-019-02752-w
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Article ; Online: Associations of inflammation-related proteome with demographic and clinical characteristics of people with HIV in South Africa.

Chen, Junyu / Hui, Qin / Liu, Chang / Brijkumar, Jaysingh / Edwards, Johnathan A / Ordóñez, Claudia E / Dudgeon, Mathew R / Sunpath, Henry / Pillay, Selvan / Moodley, Pravi / Kuritzkes, Daniel R / Moosa, Mohamed Y S / Nemoto, Tooru / Marconi, Vincent C / Sun, Yan V

Proteomics. Clinical applications

2023 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) e2300015

Abstract: Purpose: Elevated levels of inflammation associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are one of the primary causes for the burden of age-related diseases among people with HIV (PWH). Circulating proteins can be used to investigate ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Elevated levels of inflammation associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are one of the primary causes for the burden of age-related diseases among people with HIV (PWH). Circulating proteins can be used to investigate pathways to inflammation among PWH. Experimental design: We profiled 73 inflammation-related protein markers and assessed their associations with chronological age, sex, and CD4 Results: We identified 1, 1, and 14 inflammatory proteins significantly associated with sex, CD4 Conclusions and clinical relevance: We found that advanced age may lead to the elevation of multiple inflammatory proteins among PWH. We also demonstrated the potential utility of proteomics for evaluating and characterizing the inflammatory status of PWH.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Proteome/genetics ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Inflammation ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Demography ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; Cell Adhesion Molecules
Chemical Substances	Proteome ; CDCP1 protein, human ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; Cell Adhesion Molecules
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2261788-7
ISSN	1862-8354 ; 1862-8346
ISSN (online)	1862-8354
ISSN	1862-8346
DOI	10.1002/prca.202300015
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Article ; Online: Couples-based approach to HIV prevention for transgender women and their partners

Kristi E Gamarel / Jae M Sevelius / Rachel L Kaplan / Tooru Nemoto / Lynae A Darbes

BMJ Open, Vol 10, Iss

study protocol for a randomised controlled trial testing the efficacy of the ‘It Takes Two’ intervention

2020 Volume 10

Abstract: Introduction HIV transmission and acquisition risk among transgender women is particularly high in the context of primary partnerships. This project extends a previous pilot couples-focused HIV intervention programme, which was shown to be feasible, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction HIV transmission and acquisition risk among transgender women is particularly high in the context of primary partnerships. This project extends a previous pilot couples-focused HIV intervention programme, which was shown to be feasible, acceptable and promising in reducing sexual risk behaviour among transgender women and their partners. This randomised controlled trial (RCT) tests the efficacy of this culturally sensitive HIV prevention programme for HIV-serodiscordant and HIV-negative seroconcordant transgender women and their partners.Methods and analysis To finalise the protocol for trial, we used qualitative methods to hone eligibility criteria, refine the intervention and control manuals, and name and brand the intervention (‘It Takes Two’). The RCT investigates the effects of the It Takes Two intervention on Composite Risk for HIV (CR-HIV) among 100 couples. CR-HIV is a binary indicator of couple HIV risk using validated measures of sexual behaviour, pre-exposure prophylaxis use among HIV-negative participants and viral suppression among participants living with HIV. Using a two-arm RCT, we will examine intervention effects on CR-HIV at 12-month follow-up comparing transgender women and their partners randomised to the intervention versus control (HIV prevention information only).Ethics and dissemination This study has been reviewed and approved by the University of California, San Francisco (19-28624) and the University of Michigan (HUM00147690) Institutional Review Boards. Participants provide informed consent before taking part of the study activities. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences. We will make our results available to the community of researchers and general public interested in transgender health to avoid unintentional duplication of research, as well as to others in the health and social services community, including LGBT community-based organisations, AIDS service organisations and other transgender-serving organisations. The full de-identified dataset and codebook will be shared at the University of Michigan Digital Repository.Trial registration number NCT04067661.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	306 ; 360
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: HIV/AIDS surveillance and prevention studies in Japan: summary and recommendations.

Nemoto, Tooru

AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education

2004 Volume 16, Issue 3 Suppl A, Page(s) 27–42

Abstract: Japan is considered to have a low prevalence of HIV/AIDS, with a cumulative number of 2,556 AIDS cases and 5,140 HIV cases reported by the end of 2002. However, the recent trend of HIV cases shows a substantial increase, particularly among men who have ... ...

Abstract	Japan is considered to have a low prevalence of HIV/AIDS, with a cumulative number of 2,556 AIDS cases and 5,140 HIV cases reported by the end of 2002. However, the recent trend of HIV cases shows a substantial increase, particularly among men who have sex with men and youth/young adults. The epidemiology of HIV/AIDS cases in Japan and a summary of current HIV prevention studies are presented based on surveillance data, research papers, and the Japanese government's annual reports on HIV behavioral and intervention studies of MSM, youths, and Japanese nationals who visit or are temporarily staying in the United States or Thailand. Recommendations and suggestions are presented for future HIV prevention research and structural changes in the Japanese government system, which funds HIV/AIDS care and prevention studies.
MeSH term(s)	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control ; Age Factors ; Female ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; HIV Infections/transmission ; Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; Male ; Population Surveillance ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1075448-9
ISSN	0899-9546
ISSN	0899-9546
DOI	10.1521/aeap.16.3.5.27.35529
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Article: Commitment, interpersonal stigma, and mental health in romantic relationships between transgender women and cisgender male partners.

Gamarel, Kristi E / Sevelius, Jae M / Reisner, Sari L / Coats, Cassandra Sutten / Nemoto, Tooru / Operario, Don

Journal of social and personal relationships

2018 Volume 36, Issue 7, Page(s) 2180–2201

Abstract: The goals of this study were to: (a) examine associations between interpersonal stigma and psychological distress among a sample of transgender women and their cisgender male partners; and (b) identify whether commitment moderates the association between ...

Abstract	The goals of this study were to: (a) examine associations between interpersonal stigma and psychological distress among a sample of transgender women and their cisgender male partners; and (b) identify whether commitment moderates the association between interpersonal stigma and psychological distress. To address these aims, 191 couples consisting of transgender women and their cisgender male partners completed a one-time survey. Actor-partner interdependence models (APIM) were fit to examine stigma, commitment, and their interaction on psychological distress. More frequent experiences of interpersonal stigma were associated with elevated psychological distress for both partners. For transgender women, higher commitment was associated with lower psychological distress. There was a significant interaction effect such that the association between interpersonal stigma and psychological distress was attenuated by greater commitment for transgender women, but not for their cisgender male partners. Findings provide preliminary support for associations between interpersonal stigma and mental health of both partners, and identify commitment as a potential stress buffer for transgender women.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2023968-3
ISSN	1460-3608 ; 0265-4075
ISSN (online)	1460-3608
ISSN	0265-4075
DOI	10.1177/0265407518785768
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Article ; Online: Couples-based approach to HIV prevention for transgender women and their partners: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial testing the efficacy of the 'It Takes Two' intervention.

Gamarel, Kristi E / Sevelius, Jae M / Neilands, Torsten B / Kaplan, Rachel L / Johnson, Mallory O / Nemoto, Tooru / Darbes, Lynae A / Operario, Don

BMJ open

2020 Volume 10, Issue 10, Page(s) e038723

Abstract: Introduction: HIV transmission and acquisition risk among transgender women is particularly high in the context of primary partnerships. This project extends a previous pilot couples-focused HIV intervention programme, which was shown to be feasible, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: HIV transmission and acquisition risk among transgender women is particularly high in the context of primary partnerships. This project extends a previous pilot couples-focused HIV intervention programme, which was shown to be feasible, acceptable and promising in reducing sexual risk behaviour among transgender women and their partners. This randomised controlled trial (RCT) tests the efficacy of this culturally sensitive HIV prevention programme for HIV-serodiscordant and HIV-negative seroconcordant transgender women and their partners. Methods and analysis: To finalise the protocol for trial, we used qualitative methods to hone eligibility criteria, refine the intervention and control manuals, and name and brand the intervention ('It Takes Two'). The RCT investigates the effects of the It Takes Two intervention on Composite Risk for HIV (CR-HIV) among 100 couples. CR-HIV is a binary indicator of couple HIV risk using validated measures of sexual behaviour, pre-exposure prophylaxis use among HIV-negative participants and viral suppression among participants living with HIV. Using a two-arm RCT, we will examine intervention effects on CR-HIV at 12-month follow-up comparing transgender women and their partners randomised to the intervention versus control (HIV prevention information only). Ethics and dissemination: This study has been reviewed and approved by the University of California, San Francisco (19-28624) and the University of Michigan (HUM00147690) Institutional Review Boards. Participants provide informed consent before taking part of the study activities. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences. We will make our results available to the community of researchers and general public interested in transgender health to avoid unintentional duplication of research, as well as to others in the health and social services community, including LGBT community-based organisations, AIDS service organisations and other transgender-serving organisations. The full de-identified dataset and codebook will be shared at the University of Michigan Digital Repository. Trial registration number: NCT04067661.
MeSH term(s)	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Female ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; San Francisco ; Transgender Persons ; Transsexualism
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038723
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